(19)
(11)EP 3 756 968 A1

(12)EUROPEAN PATENT APPLICATION

(43)Date of publication:
30.12.2020 Bulletin 2020/53

(21)Application number: 20020300.8

(22)Date of filing:  25.06.2020
(51)International Patent Classification (IPC): 
B61F 5/02(2006.01)
(84)Designated Contracting States:
AL AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MK MT NL NO PL PT RO RS SE SI SK SM TR
Designated Extension States:
BA ME
Designated Validation States:
KH MA MD TN

(30)Priority: 26.06.2019 CZ 20190419

(71)Applicant: Skoda Transportation, a.s.
301 00 Pilsen (CZ)

(72)Inventors:
  • Spalek, Petr
    32300 Plzen, Bolevec (CZ)
  • Bohuslav, Václav
    32300 Plzen, Bolevec (CZ)

(74)Representative: Lorenc, Lukas 
Lorenc IP Stefanikova 256/34
150 00 Praha
150 00 Praha (CZ)

  


(54)PULL-PUSH ROD FOR TRANSFER OF LONGITUDINAL FORCES BETWEEN THE BOGIE AND THE BODY OF A RAIL VEHICLE OR LOCOMOTIVE


(57) Pull-push rod for transfer of longitudinal forces between the bogie and the body of a rail vehicle or locomotive, which is articulated at one end of the structural components to the bogie frame headstock of a rail vehicle or locomotive, at the other end of the structural components to a pin on the main frame-body of a rail vehicle or locomotive in the longitudinal axis, is made so that each of its two structural components is of different shape, the first structural component being made as a curved flattened plate (1) with an opening, wherein the flattened plate (1) is curved along the transverse axis and the second structural component of the pull-push rod being made as bar 2, curved along the transversal axis, wherein bar (2) is threaded through the opening in the flattened plate (1) of the first structural component of the pull-push rod.
Or the two structural components of the pull-push rod are made with identical shape of curved simple bars 5 which are curved along the longitudinal axis 6, wherein the curved simple bars 5 are in shape of an arc deflecting to the side away from the longitudinal axis 6 and both structural parts are installed so that their curves pass each other.
The structural components of the pull-push rod are made as a casting, welded part, forged part, part made of fiber, glass, carbon composites or part assembled of several parts.




Description

Field of the invention



[0001] The invention is related to the field of rail vehicles, specifically a pull-push rod for transfer of longitudinal forces between the bogie and the body of a rail vehicle or locomotive.

Background of the Invention



[0002] At present, a straight pull-push rod is very often used on rail vehicles to transfer longitudinal pulling forces in one direction of travel of the vehicle and pushing forces in the opposite direction of travel of the vehicle, between the bogie and the vehicle body. These are both traction and braking forces. The arrangement of the transmission of longitudinal forces by means of an existing pull-push rod is very simple from the design point of view, and at the same time, it is very advantageous from the kinematic point of view, because the tilt of the pull-push rod allows achieving the so-called mechanical optimum, or from a professional point of view the virtual height of transmission of longitudinal forces from the bogie to the vehicle body, at the height of the rail surface, or very low above the rail surface, depending on the compression level of the vehicle suspension system.

[0003] However, the arrangement of the transmission of longitudinal forces by means of a straight, even pull-push rod restricts the possibilities of arranging more bogies under the vehicle body, in fact only to 2 bogies when the wheelsets of a vehicle are arranged as 4 wheelsets and 2 bogies, because the standard design of pull-push rods are straight rods in the axis of the longitudinal axis of the vehicle / locomotive, such as in the design in file CZ 283 614. In the case of straight pull-push rods it is necessary to keep the minimum spacing between the individual bogies so that the straight rods will fit into this spacing without any collisions. This in practice eliminated the use of 3 or 4 bodies under the vehicle body with transmission of longitudinal forces by means of a pull-push rod.

[0004] Known pull-push rod is articulated at one end to the bogie frame headstock and at the other end to a pin on the main frame-body of the vehicle in the longitudinal axis. Both joints are located very low above the surface of the rail. The longitudinal forces between the bogie and the vehicle body are then transferred by means of the rod.

Summary of the invention



[0005] The above disadvantage is eliminated by the structural design of the pull-push rod for transfer of longitudinal forces between the bogie and the body of a vehicle or locomotive, which consists of two structural components, wherein the structural components are always articulated at one end to the bogie frame headstock and at the other end to a pin on the main frame-body of the vehicle in the longitudinal axis, wherein their essence lies in the design of the structural parts of one part of the tension-push rod in the shape of so-called curved bars with holes and the other part in the shape of curved bars.
The shaping of the structural components of the pull-push rod and their mutual combination makes it possible to use the basic bogie of a rail vehicle immediately next to another identical bogie under the body of the vehicle or locomotive. Thus, it is possible to use several identical bogies under the body of a vehicle or locomotive and to achieve a vehicle arrangement with a total of 6 wheelsets arranged into 3 bogies, or a vehicle with a total of 8 wheelsets arranged into 4 bogies.

[0006] In the first structural design, the pull-push rod is made with one structural component in the shape of a flattened plate with an opening. This flattened plate is curved along the longitudinal axis. The second structural component of the pull-push rod is formed as a simple bar which is curved along the transverse axis and is threaded through an opening in the flattened plate.

[0007] In the second structural design, both structural components of the pull-push rod are made with identical shape so that they are made as curved simple bars that are curved along the longitudinal axis. The curved simple bars are in shape of an arc deflecting to the side away from the longitudinal axis. Both structural components are installed so that they pass each other spatially in the plan and front view at the same time, due to the curvature.
The advantage of the design is just the curved shape, or the opening in one pull-push rod, which allows to arrange both vehicle bogies that are close to each other so that it is possible to place 3 or 4 bogies very close to each other under the vehicle.

[0008] The pull-push rod is articulated at one end of the structural components to the bogie frame headstock, low above the rail surface, and at the other end of the structural components also articulated to a pin arranged on the main frame-body of the vehicle or locomotive in the longitudinal axis of the vehicle. This second articulated joint of the structural components of the pull-push rod is located slightly higher above the rail surface than the articulated joint of the structural components of the pull-push rod with the bogie frame. Through the pull-push rod thus positioned between two joints, one on the bogie frame of the vehicle or locomotive and the other on the main frame-body of the vehicle or locomotive, the transfer of traction and compression forces between the body of vehicle or locomotive and the vehicle bogie is provided by means of the pull-push rod.

Brief description of the drawings



[0009] The invention will be further illustrated on the attached drawings, where Fig. 1 illustrates the plan and side view of the pull-push rod arranged between the bogie and the locomotive body in embodiment A as standard straight rod, and in embodiment B with the first structural component in the shape of a simple bar curved along the transversal axis and threaded through the opening in the flattened plate, and Fig. 2 illustrates the plan and side view of the pull-push rod arranged between the bogie and locomotive body in embodiment A - standard straight rod, and in embodiment B - with both structural components of the pull-push rod are made with identical shape so that they are curved along the longitudinal axis.

Examples of invention embodiment


Example 1



[0010] The structural design illustrated in Fig. 1, is based on making the first structural component of the pull-push rod B so that it is made as flattened plate 1 with an opening. This plate 1 is curved along the transverse axis, wherein the second structural component of the pull-push rod is formed as a simple bar 2 which is curved along the transverse axis and is threaded through an opening in the flattened plate 1.
The mutual curves along the transverse axis of the flattened plate 1 and the simple bar 2 and the design of the opening in the flattened plate 1 are so small that under loading, the stresses in the material of both parts are so low that they are close to the stresses of a single beam.
This design is a little heavier than the standard embodiment of a straight rod, this difference, however, is negligible within the mass balance of the entire vehicle / locomotive.
The flattened plate 1 with the opening and the simple bar 2 can be well dimensioned without excessive weight increase compared to the current design A.
Both structural components of the pull-push rod, the flattened plate 1 and the curved simple bar 2 are stressed along their longitudinal axes, in the first longitudinal axis 3 of the flattened plate 1 and in the second longitudinal axis 4 of the simple bar 2.
In the case of the flattened plate 1, under tensile loading in the direction F, there is a tendency to shrink, lengthen the opening in the flattened plate 1 and at the same time a tendency to straighten-shrink the curvature towards the longitudinal axis 3. In the case of the simple bar 2, under tensile loading, the simple bar 2 is stressed so that there is a tendency to decrease its curvature towards the longitudinal axis 4. In the case of the flattened plate 1, under pressure loading, wherein the compressive loading acts against the direction F, the flattened plate 1 is stressed so that there is a tendency to enlarge / shorten the opening in the flattened plate 1, and at the same time a tendency to increase the curvature of the flattened plate 1 - increase the curvature towards the longitudinal axis 3. In the case of the simple bar 2, under pressure loading, the simple bar 2 is stressed so that there is a tendency of its further bending - to increase its curvature towards the longitudinal axis 4.

[0011] The pull-push rod of design B is articulated at one end of the structural components to the bogie frame headstock, low above the rail surface, and at the other end of the structural components also articulated to a pin arranged on the main frame-body of the vehicle or locomotive in the longitudinal axis of the vehicle, that is, to the body of the vehicle or locomotive. This second articulated joint of the pull-push rod of design B is located slightly higher above the rail surface than the articulated joint of the structural components of the pull-push rod of design B with the bogie frame. Through the pull-push rod B thus positioned between two joints, one on the bogie frame of the vehicle or locomotive and the other on the main frame-body of the vehicle or locomotive, the transfer of traction and compression forces between the body of vehicle and the vehicle or locomotive bogie is provided by means of the pull-push rod of design B.

Example 2



[0012] The structural design of the pull-push rod C, illustrated in Fig. 2, is made of two structural components of identical shape, which are made as curved simple bars 5, curved along the longitudinal axis 6 into an arc, deflecting to the side away from the longitudinal axis 6. Both structural components are installed so that their curvatures pass each other spatially in the plan and front view at the same time. The mutual curvatures of the components are so small that under loading the stresses in the material of both components are so low, close to the stresses of a simple beam, and both parts, without excessive weight increase compared to the current design A, the curved simple bars 5 can be well strength-dimensioned so that the components can be used, made from common materials, such as steel casting or ductile iron. Both components are stressed in their longitudinal axis 6.
In the case of tensile loading with force in the direction F, the structural components, curved simple bars 5 are stresses so that there is a tendency to straighten the components-decrease the curvature towards the longitudinal axis 6. In case of pressure loading with force against the direction of arrow F, the components are stressed so that there is a tendency to further bend the components-increase the curvature towards the longitudinal axis 6.

[0013] The pull-push rod C is articulated at one end of the structural components to the bogie frame headstock, low above the rail surface, and at the other end of the structural components also articulated to a pin arranged on the main frame-body of the vehicle or locomotive in the longitudinal axis of the vehicle. This second articulated joint of the pull-push rod C is located slightly higher above the rail surface than the articulated joint of the structural components of the pull-push rod C with the bogie frame. Through the pull-push rod C thus positioned between two joints, one on the bogie frame of the vehicle and the other on the main frame-body of the vehicle or locomotive, the transfer of traction and compression forces between the body of vehicle and the vehicle or locomotive bogie is provided by means of the pull-push rod C.

[0014] The structural components of the pull-push rod are made as a casting, welded part, forged part, part made of fiber, glass, carbon composites or part assembled of several parts and other possible designs.

Industrial applicability



[0015] Industrial applicability is with rail vehicles in particular, which solve the transfer of longitudinal braking and traction forces between the body and the bogie by means of the so-called pull-push rod. This is currently a very widespread concept of longitudinal force transfer, used in the vast majority of rail vehicles, very widespread with locomotives. The invention allows to maintain the concept of transfer of longitudinal forces, and at the same time the use of more than 2 bogies, 3 or 4 bogies, under one vehicle body or a locomotive. This is currently desirable, given the increasing trend in train tonnage, especially in freight trains, since the conventional 4-axle locomotives with two bogies are no longer able to cope with such requirements and there is a need to acquire vehicles or locomotives with more than 4 wheelsets, which can handle the abovementioned increasing needs.


Claims

1. Pull-push rod for transfer of longitudinal forces between the bogie and the body of a rail vehicle or locomotive, which is articulated at one end to the bogie headstock and at the other end to a pin on the main frame-body of a rail vehicle or locomotive in the longitudinal axis, characterized in that its two structural components are of different shape, the first structural component being made as a curved flattened plate (1) with an opening, wherein the flattened plate (1) is curved along the transverse axis and the second structural component of the pull-push rod being made as bar 2, curved along the transversal axis, wherein bar (2) is threaded through the opening in the flattened plate (1) of the first structural component of the pull-push rod.
 
2. Pull-push rod for transfer of longitudinal forces between the bogie and the body of a rail vehicle or locomotive, which is articulated at one end to the bogie frame headstock and at the other end to a pin on the main frame-body of a rail vehicle or locomotive in the longitudinal axis, characterized in that its two structural components of the pull-push rod are made with identical shape of curved simple bars 5 which are curved along the longitudinal axis 6, wherein the curved simple bars 5 are in shape of an arc deflecting to the side away from the longitudinal axis 6 a both structural parts are installed so that their curves pass each other.
 
3. Pull-push rod for transfer of longitudinal forces between the bogie and the body of a rail vehicle or locomotive according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that its structural components are made as a casting, welded part, forged part, part made of fiber, glass, carbon composites or part assembled of several parts.
 




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Search report




Cited references

REFERENCES CITED IN THE DESCRIPTION



This list of references cited by the applicant is for the reader's convenience only. It does not form part of the European patent document. Even though great care has been taken in compiling the references, errors or omissions cannot be excluded and the EPO disclaims all liability in this regard.

Patent documents cited in the description