[0001] This invention relates to beds and couches for medical use which are hereinafter
referred to for convenience as "hospital beds".
[0002] Hospital beds are frequently provided with adjustments to enable the position and/or
orientation of the mattress platform to be modified to assist in the treatment of
patients. For example, the mattress platform can usually be raised and lowered relative
to ground level by the nursing staff. A facility is usually provided to enable the
mattress platform to be tilted rapidly into a-head-down inclined condition in cases
of sudden cardiac arrest or fainting.
[0003] In some cases, the mattress platform itself is so constructed that it can adopt different
profiles so as to support the patient in a position which may vary from a flat to
a semi-seated position.
[0004] Some of these functions are power assisted and some are manually operated. In some
cases, the weight of the patient assists in providing these facilities. For example,
the head-down tilt is usually assisted by the patient's body weight so that the tilting
movement can be accomplished rapidly.
[0005] The provision of these various adjustments greatly complicates the support arrangements
for the mattress platform proper and it is for this reason that previous attempts
to allow for tilting of the mattress platform to a foot-down condition have hitherto
proved unsatisfactory. It would be useful to have a foot-down tilt facility to assist
in the drainage of fluid from a patient, the required maximum tilt being only of the
order of 10°.
[0006] It has previously been proposed in a "Kings Fund" type bed, to provide the mattress
platform with a pair of rigid downwardly extending legs pivoted at their lower ends
to the main support structure of the bed. In the Kings Fund type bed this main support
structure allows for lifting and lowering of the mattress platform. By providing the
mattress platform on these pivoted legs, it has been possible to arrange to tilt it
either head-down or foot-down without fouling the main support structure but this
has the consequent disadvantage that the overall height of the mattress platform is
raised by the height of the pivoted legs. Since the minimum height requirement of
the Kings Fund Specification for hospital beds is very low, this requirement cannot
readily be met using the previously proposed arrangement.
[0007] Height adjustment is sometimes achieved by means of an X or scissor linkage and it
has also been proposed to provide means for separating the pivot points of the respective
struts of this X or scissor linkage at the centre of the linkage, by a variable geometry
element which enables one pivot point to be raised relative to the other to afford
a foot-down tilt. Head-down tilt is achieved by conventional means without reference
to the position of the X linkage. However, this arrangement also has a drawback in
that, if the nursing staff repeatedly compensate for a foot-down tilt by adjusting
the head-down control slightly, or vice versa, the variable geometry element can overcentre
and further adjustment is then effectively prevented.
[0008] It is an object of the present invention to provide a hospital bed with a facility
for foot-down tilt, which overcomes or reduces these disadvantages and which can be
operated without significantly affecting opeeration of any other adjustment facility
with which the bed may be provided.
[0009] According to the invention there is provided a hospital bed comprising a main support
structure; a sub-frame forming or supporting a mattress platform and associated with
said main support structure at or adjacent the foot end; a linkage interconnecting
the sub-frame and main support structure at or adjacent the head end, said linkage
including two pivot points disposed head end, said linkage including two pivot points
disposed at a fixed separation from each other, to which the sub-frame and main support
respectively are pivoted; and an operating means for the linkage, capable of altering
the angle defined by an imaginary line linking the pivot points with respect to a
fixed horizontal plane, whereby the angular orientation of the sub-frame relative
to the main support structure can be varied.
[0010] It will be appreciated that the term "head" and "foot" as used in this Specification
denote ends of the bed or mattress platform on which the head or feet of a patient
respectively would lie in use.
[0011] The main support structure may include a main frame with which the sub-frame is associated.
It may further include means for lifting and lowering the main frame.
[0012] The sub-frame may be associated with the main support structure at or adjacent the
foot end via a fixed pivot. Alternatively it may be associated via an extensible connection
adapted, on extension, to separate the sub-frame from the main support structure at
the foot end and hence to pivot the sub-frame to a head-down condition.
[0013] The linkage may comprise a bell crank lever adapted to be rotated about the pivot
by which it is associated with the main support structure. Alternatively, the linkage
may comprise a quadrant plate adapted to be so rotated.
[0014] The operating means may comprise a telescopic strut mounted on the main support structure.
The strut may be manually operated or power operated. For example, the strut may include
a manually rotated worm arrangement. The power operated strut may be hydraulic.
[0015] The mattress platform may be mounted on the sub-frame and may be formed in sections
capable of articulation relative to each other.
[0016] The invention encompasses any novel feature or combination of features described
in the present description.
[0017] One embodiment of the invention will now be described by way of example only with
reference to the accompanying drawings in which:-
FIGURE 1 is a diagrammatic side elevational view of part of a hospital bed embodying
the invention;
FIGURE 2 is a view similar to Figure 1 showing the bed with the mattress platform
in a foot-down tilted condition.
[0018] Referring to the drawings, a bed generally indicated at 10 is provided with a main
frame 11. The main frame 11 is part of a main support structure, the remainder of
which is not shown. This main support structure may comprise fixed supports such as
legs or may include, for example, a lifting and lowering mechanism capable of lifting
and lowering the main frame in generally known manner.
[0019] A sub-frame 12 is mounted on the main frame so as to be associated with the main
frame towards the foot end of the bed. In the example shown, this is achieved by mounting
an extension of the sub-frame on a lug of the main frame at a pivot 13. The foor end
of the bed can be seen at the right hand side of the drawings, where the sub-frame
supports a footboard 14 and the usual resilient buffer wheels 15.
[0020] The sub-frame 12 carries a mattress platform 16 which is in three sections, articulated
with respect to each other at the points 17 and 18. The lower part of the mattress
platform 16 is supported by a parallelogram linkage comprising a pair of struts 19,
whilst the articulation points 17 is connected to a jack 20, movement of which can
change relative positioning of the sections of the mattress platform.
[0021] The articulation of the sections of the mattress platform does not form part of the
present invention but is described to illustrate that the features of the invention
can be applied to this type of bed, in addition to being applicable to beds having
rigid flat mattress supports.
[0022] As referred to above, the sub-frame 12 is pivoted at 13 towards the foot-end of the
bed, to the main frame 11. Towards the head end of the bed, the main frame and sub-frame
11 and 12 are also connected together via a linkage generally indicated at 21. In
the example shown, this linkage comprises a bell crank lever having a pair of arms
22, 23. The bend of the bell crank lever is pivoted at 24 to the head end of the main
frame 11. The remote end of the arm 22 is pivoted at 25 to the sub-frame 12.
[0023] The other, slightly longer arm 23 of the bell crank lever is pivotally connected
at 26 to an extensible strut 27 which in the example shown, comprises a worm rotated
by means of a manually rotatable handle 28 and enclosed within a sleeve incorpoating
a threaded collar which can move along the worm in generally known manner to extend
or contract the strut 27.
[0024] The strut 27 is pivotally mounted at 29 towards the foot end of the bed, to the sub-frame
12. The handle 28 is shown in a condition where it is concealed beneath the foot of
the bed but it can be extended in generally known manner to a position free from the
end of the bed to enable it to be rotated and hence to extend or contract the strut
27.
[0025] In Figure 1 of the drawings, it will be seen that the mattress platform 16 is generally
horizontal, the main frame 11 is also generally horizontal and is spaced below the
mattress platform. The strut 27 is relatively contracted and the pivot point 25 by
which the bell crank lever is secured to the sub-frame 12 is drawn down to a position
below the head end of the main frame 11.
[0026] In Figure 2 of the drawings, it will be seen that the strut 27 has been relatively
extended, thereby rotating the bell crank lever clockwise from the condition shown
in Figure I of the drawings. The pivot point 25 has now been raised relative to the
pivot point 24, so as to tend to raise the head end of the sub-frame 12 relative to
the, still horizontal, main frame 11. Consequently, the mattress platform has now
adopted a slightly inclined, foot-down condition.
[0027] It will be appreciated that operation of the foot-down tilt described above does
not in any way affect the operation cf any other facilities which may be provided
on the bed, for example a contoured mattress platform 16 can be operated quite independently.
Furthermore, the main support structure including the main frame 11 can, if the bed
is so adapted, be raised and lowered in generally conventional manner.
[0028] If the bed is so adapted, the mattress platform can be tilted head down quite independently
of the operation of the foot-down tilt, by providing means which separate the foor
end of the sub-frame 12 form the foot end of the main frame 11. Sucn means are not
shown in the drawings but could comprise, for example, an extensible strut linking
the two frames at the approximate position of the pivot 13.
[0029] It will further be appreciated that the extreme head end of the bed is not shown
and, in fact, it is to be expected that the patient's body weight would be concentrated
at a position to the left of the pivot 24 when the bed is in use. This is utilised
where a head-down tilt is provided since the bed tends to adopt a head-down condition
under the patient's body weight. This factor also assists in operating the contoured
mattress support briefly described above. However, the patient's body weight tends
to act against the raising of the head end relative to the foot end of the bed in
accordance with the present invention and hence it is desirable that some mechanical
advantage is afforded by the operating means which rotate the bell crank lever. This
is achieved by the use of the worm and threaded collar arranged described. However,.if
desired, a power assisted operating mechanism could be provided.
[0030] Clearly, the bell crank lever could be replaced by, for example, a quadrant plate
which might be operated directly off the worm. Various other means are possible to
alter the relative positioning of the main frame 11 and sub-frame 12 towards in the
head end of the bed. The main feature is necessary in order to achieve foot-down tilt
according to the present invention is some facility for changing the relative positions
and/or spacing of a pair of spaced pivots of a linkage to which the main frame or
main support structure and the sub-frame are respectively pivoted.
1. A hospital bed comprising a main support structure; a sub-frame forming or supporting
a mattress platform and associated with said main support structure at or adjacent
the foot end; a linkage (21) interconnecting the sub-frame and main support structure
at or adjacent the head end, characterised in that said linkage includes two pivot
points (24,25) disposed at a fixed separation from each other, to which the sub-frame
(12) and main support structure (11) respectively are pivoted; and an operating means
(27,28) for the linkage (21), capable of altering the angle defined by an imaginary
line linking the pivot points (24.25) with respect to a fixed horizontal plane, whereby
the angular orientation of the sub-frame (12) relative to the main support structure
(11) can be varied.
2. A bed according to Claim 1 further characterised in that the main support structure
(11) includes a main frame.
3. A bed according to Claim 2 further characterised in that the main support structure
includes a means for lifting and lowering the main frame.
4. A bed according to Claim 1 further characterised in that the sub-frame (12) is
associated with the main support structure (11) at or adjacent the foor end via a
fixed pivot (13).
5. A bed according to any one of Claims 1 to 3 further characterised in that the sub-frame
(12) is associated with the main support structure (11) at or adjacent the foot end
via an extensible connection adapted, on extension, to separate the sub-frame from
the main support structure at the foot end and hence to pivot the sub-frame to the
head-down condition.
6. A bed according to Claim 5 further characterised in that the pivoting of the sub-frame
to a head-down condition takes place about that one (25) of said two pivots (24,25)
at which the sub-frame (12) is pivoted to the linkage (21).
7. A bed according to Claim 1 further characterised in that the linkage (21) comprises
a bell crank lever having a pair of arms (22,23), the two pivot points (24,25) being
provided at spaced positions on one arm (22) of the bell crank lever and the other
arm (23) being acted on by the operating means (27,28).
8. A bed according to any one of Claims 1 to 6 further characterised in that the linkage
(21) comprises a quadrant plate carrying said two pivots (24,25) and adapted to be
rotated about that one (24) of said two pivots (24,25) by which it is associated with
the main support structure (11), on operation of the operating means.
9. A bed according to any preceding claim further characterised in that the operating
means comprises a telescopic strut mounted on the main support structure.
10. A bed according to Claim 9 further characterised in that the telescopic strut
comprises a manually rotatable worm arrangement.
11. A bed according to Claim 9 further characterised in that the telescopic strut
is hydraulically operated.
12. A bed according to Claim 1 further characterised in that the mattress platform
(16) is mounted on the sub-frame (12) and is formed in sections capable of articulation
relative to each other.