BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
1. Field of the Invention
[0001] The present invention relates to an air intake arrangement of an automotive combustion
engine, and more particularly to an air intake arrangement of an internal combustion
engine which is designed to minimize the air intake noise produced therein.
2. Description of the Prior Art
[0002] In order to feed the engine with ambient or fresh air, it become usual to fit the
inlet pipe of the engine- mounted air cleaner with an elongate air intake duct which
leads to a well-ventilated portion of the engine room. However, the provision of the
elongate air intake duct tends to cause a noise trouble in air intake due to the resonance
which occurs in the duct. This trouble will be outlined hereinafter.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
[0003] It is therefore an essential object of the present invention to provide an improved
air intake arrangement which can minimize the air intake noise produced therein.
[0004] According to the present invention, there is provided an improved air intake arrangement
of an automotive combustion engine. The arrangement comprises an air cleaner mounted
to the combustion engine for cleaning air which is to be fed to the engine, an elongate
conduit system extending from the air cleaner and terminating at its leading open
end, so that upon operation of the engine, ambient air is introduced from the open
end into the elongate conduit system and flows therein toward the air cleaner, a branch
tube branched from the longitudinally intermediate portion of the elongate conduit
system and closed at its leading end, the branch tube having a length half that of
the elongate conduit system, and a viscous damping material packed in the branch tube.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0005] Other objects and advantages of the present invention will become clear from the
following description when taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in
which:
Fig. 1 is a plan view of an engine room of a motor vehicle, showing a conventional
air intake arrangement mounted to an internal combustion engine;
Fig. 2 is a graph showing the characteristics of the air intake noise produced by
the conventional air intake arrangement of Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 is a view similar to Fig. 1, but showing an improved air intake arrangement
of a first embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is a graph showing the characteristics of the air intake noise produced by
the air intake arrangement of the first embodiment;
Fig. 5 is a view similar to Fig. 1, but showing an improved air intake arrangement
of a second embodiment of the present invention; and
Fig. 6 is a graph showing the characteristics of the air intake noise produced by
the air intake arrangement of the second embodiment.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
[0006] Prior to describing the invention, one of the conventional air intake arrangements
of an internal combustion engine will be outlined with reference to Figs. 1 and 2
in order to clarify the invention.
[0007] Referring to Fig. 1, there is shown an internal combustion engine 10 to which a known
air cleaner 12 is mounted, the air cleaner carrying a conventional air intake duct
14. As shown, the air intake duct 14 is of a simply-formed tube, having one end 14a
fixed to the air inlet pipe 12a of the air cleaner 12 and the other end 14b located
at the front portion of the engine room. Designated by numerals 16 and 18 are intake
and exhaust manifolds which are mounted to the engine proper 10 in a known manner.
[0008] Thus, in operation of the engine 10, the fresh air taken by the air intake duct 14
flows therein and through the air cleaner inlet pipe 12a, a filter element (not shown)
in the air cleaner 12, a carburetor (not shown) and the intake manifold 16 into the
engine 10.
[0009] However, the air intake arrangement of the above-mentioned type has suffered from
the drawback of emitting unwanted amounts of air intake noise due to the inherent
construction of the air intake duct 14. Experiment has revealed that the unwanted
air intake noise is caused by the resonance which tends to occur within a conduit
system consisting of the air cleaner inlet pipe 12a and the air intake duct 14 at
frequencies which may be identified using the equation:
wherein c denotes the accoustic velocity within the conduit system, & the length of
the conduit system and n a whole number integer. In other words, the pulsation of
the intake air in the air cleaner proper 12 is amplified by the resonant function
possessed by the conduit system (12a + 14) and thereafter the amplified pulsation
is discharged to the atmosphere from the inlet opening 14b of the air intake duct
14. Fig. 2 shows the characteristics of the air intake noise produced by the above-mentioned
air intake arrangement, wherein peaks a
1, a
2, a
3, etc. are attributable to the intake air pulsation per se, and peaks b
1, b
2, b
3' etc. are produced by the resonance in the conduit system (12a + 14).
[0010] Therefore, it is an essential object of the present invention to provide an improved
air intake system which can minimize the unwanted air intake noise.
[0011] Referring to Fig. 3, there is shown an air intake system of a first embodiment of
the present invention. In the drawing, identical parts to those of Fig. 1 are designated
by the same numerals. As will be understood from this drawing, an improved air intake
duct 20 is employed in the invention in place of the afore-mentioned simply-formed
air intake duct 14.
[0012] The air intake duct 20 comprises a main tube 22 and a branch tube 24 which are integrally
attached to each other. The main tube 22 has an end 22a fixed to the inlet pipe 12a
of the air cleaner 12 and the other open end 22b located at the front portion of the
engine room. The branch tube 24 is connected at its one open end 24a to a given portion
of the main tube 24 and extends forward along the main tube and terminates at the
leading end 22b of the main tube 22 (that is the air inlet opening of the duct 20).
The terminal end 24b of the branch tube 24 is closed, as shown. A viscous damping
material 26, such as a foamed polyurethane, a glass wool or the like is packed in
the branch tube 24. It is important in this embodiment that the branch tube 24 leads
from a point intermediate of the two ends of a conduit system which consists of the
main tube 22 and the inlet pipe 12a of the air cleaner 12. Thus, the length of the
branch tube 24 is essentially s of the length of the conduit system (22 + 12a). Preferably,
the branch tube 24 has the same diameter as the main tube 22.
[0013] In accordance with the above-stated arrangement of the first embodiment, it is expected
that, in the branch tube 24, the progressive accoustic wave from the inlet 24a of
the branch tube 24 and the reflected accoustic wave from the closed end 24b of the
branch tube 24 interfere and thus cancel or at least weaken each other. Thus, peaks
b
(2n-1), such as
b1,
b3, b
5, etc. which are produced by the resonance in the conduit system (22 + 12a) can be
removed from the air intake noise thereby reducing the accoustic energy of the noise.
This advantageous phenomenon will be readily understood from Fig. 4.
[0014] It is to be noted that a secondarily occuring resonant phenomenon which might be
caused by the addition of the branch tube 24 is prevented by the sound damping material
26 packed in the branch tube 24. In fact, if the sound damping material 26 is not
provided in the tube 24, the secondary resonant phenomenon would not be negligible
because of the following reasons. The addition of the branch tube 24 increases the
freedom in vibration of the conduit system (22 + 12a) causing the air in the branch
the 24 to offer a dynamic damping effect, so that the reflected accoustic wave from
the closed end 24b of the branch tube 24 and the progressive accoustic wave from the
inlet 24a of the same fail to have a different phases of exact 90 degrees therebetween.
In order to achieve the exact 90 degrees different phases between them, the.viscous
damping material 26 is packed in the branch tube 24.
[0015] Referring to Fig. 5, there is shown of a second embodiment of the present invention.
In this drawing, identical parts to those of Fig. 1 are also designated by the same
numerals. Similar to the first embodiment, an improved air intake duct 28 is employed
in this second embodiment in place of the simply-formed air intake duct 14 of Fig.
1.
[0016] The air intake duct 28 comprises a main tube 30, a first branch tube 32 and a second
branch tube 34 which are integrally attached to the main tube 30. The main tube 30
has an end 30a fixed to the inlet pipe 12a of the air cleaner 12 and the other open
end 30b located at the front portion of the engine room. Similar to the first embodiment,
the first branch tube 32 is connected at its one end 32a to a given portion of the
main tube 30 and extends forward along the main tube and terminates at the leading
end 30b of the main tube 30 (that is the air inlet opening of the duct 28). The terminal
end 32b of the first branch tube 32 is closed, as shown. The second branch tube 34
is connected at its one open end 34a to another given portion of the main tube 30
and extends forward along the same and terminates at the inlet opening 32a of the
first branch tube 32. The terminal end of the second branch tube 34 is also closed,
as shown. A sound damping material 26 of the afore-mentioned type is packed in the
branch tubes 32 and 34. It is important in this second embodiment that the first branch
tube 32 leads from a point intermediate of the two ends of a conduit system which
consists of the main tube 30 and the inlet pipe 12a of the air cleaner 12, while,
t the second branch tube 34 leads from a point at distance 3/4 the length of the conduit
system (30 + 12a) from the inlet opening 30b of the main tube 30. Thus, the length
of the first branch tube 32 is essentially of the length of the conduit system (30
+ 12a), while, the length .of the second branch tube 34 is essentially ¼ of the length
of the conduit system. Preferably, each branch tube 32 or 34 has the same diameter
as the main tube 30.
[0017] In this second embodiment, not only peaks b
(2n-1), such as b
1, b
39 b
57 etc. can be removed by the first branch tube 32, but also peaks b
(4n-2), such as
b2, b
6, b
10, etc. can be removed by the second branch tube 34, by substantially the same reason
as is mentioned in the first embodiment. Thus, in this second embodiment, much more
effective sound damping effect is expected. This advantageous phenomenon will be well
understood from the graph of Fig. 6.
[0018] If desired, the second branch tube 34 may be connected to a point at distance ¼ the
length of the conduit system (30 + 12a) from the inlet opening 30b of the main tube
30, as is indicated by a broken line. In this case, substantially the same advantageous
phenomenon as that mentioned hereinabove is expected.
1. An air intake arrangement of an automotive combustion engine (10), comprising:
an air cleaner (12) mounted to said combustion engine for cleaning air which is to
be fed to said engine;
an elongate conduit system (22 + 12a), (30 + 12a) extending from said air cleaner
and terminating at its leading open end (22b, 30b), so that upon operation of the
engine, ambient air is introduced from said open end into said elongate conduit system
and flows therethrough toward said air cleaner;
a branch tube (24, 32) branched from the longitudinally intermediate portion of said
elongate conduit system and closed at its leading end (24b, 32b), said branch tube
having a length half that of said elongate conduit system; and
a viscous damping material (26) packed in said branch tube. (Figs. 3, 5)
2. An air intake arrangement as claimed in Claim 1, in which said branch tube extends
along said elongate conduit system toward the open end of the system. (Figs. 3, 5)
3. An air intake arrangement as claimed in Claim 1, in which said branch tube has
the same diameter as said elongate conduit system. (Figs. 3, 5)
4. An air intake arrangement as claimed in Claim 1, in which said elongate conduit
system comprises an inlet pipe (12a) of said air cleaner and a separate air intake
duct (22, 30) which is held by said air inlet pipe of the air cleaner. (Figs. 3, 5)
5. An air intake arrangement as claimed in Claim 1, further comprising another branch
tube (34) branched from a portion of the elongate conduit system at a distance 3/4
the length of said elongate conduit system from said leading open end of said system
and closed at its leading end, said another branch tube having a length ¼ that of
said elongate conduit system, said another branch tube being packed with a viscous
damping material. (Fig. 5)
6. An air intake arrangement as claimed in Claim 5, in which said another branch tube
extends along said elongate conduit system toward the branched portion of said branch
tube. (Fig. 5)
7. An air intake arrangement as claimed in Claim 6, in which said elongate system,
said branch tube and said another branch tube are integrated with each other. (Fig.
5)
8. An air intake arrangement as claimed in Claim 1, further comprising another branch
tube (34) branched from a portion of said elongate conduit system at a distance ¼
the length of said elongate conduit system from the open leading end of said system
and closed at its leading end, said another branch tube having a length i that of
said elongate conduit system, said another branch the being packed with a viscous
damping material. (Fig. 5)