|
(11) | EP 0 019 864 B1 |
| (12) | EUROPEAN PATENT SPECIFICATION |
|
|
| (54) |
Power generation control system for vehicle generator Spannungsregelungssystem für einen Fahrzeuggenerator Système de régulation de la tension pour un générateur de véhicule |
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Note: Within nine months from the publication of the mention of the grant of the European patent, any person may give notice to the European Patent Office of opposition to the European patent granted. Notice of opposition shall be filed in a written reasoned statement. It shall not be deemed to have been filed until the opposition fee has been paid. (Art. 99(1) European Patent Convention). |
[0001] The present invention relates to a power generation control system for a vehicle power generator, or more in particular to a power generation control system for regulating the high voltage generated at the time of breakage or disconnection of the output line of a generator.
[0002] Generally, the power generation control system of this type is such that a detection voltage is detected only from a battery terminal and no voltage is detected from the output terminal of the generator as an abnormal detection voltage. Even in a voltage regulation system in which the detection voltage is detected from both the generator output terminal and the battery terminal, no alarm is provided when the output terminal becomes disconnected.
[0003] In the case where a voltage detection terminal for voltage control is that of a battery without detecting the generator output terminal voltage as shown in the prior art, the battery terminal voltage drops when the output line of the generator becomes disconnected. On the other hand, the voltage of the output terminal of the generator increases to such a high value that an electric load of small current consumption (light electric load), if any, connected to the output terminal may be damaged or burnt-out by this high voltage. Also, the terminals may be burnt by a spark or the like generated owing to insufficient connection of a terminal connector. In the case where the detection terminal for voltage regulation is the generator output terminal, although the voltage is regulated when the output terminal comes off, no alarm is given to the driver of the vehicle, so that the vehicle will continue to run without the battery being charged, thus leading to the engine stalling on the road owing to the discharge of the battery.
[0004] Besides that, a power generation control system for a vehicle generator is known from US-A-3 789 269 including an armature coil, an exciting coil, a rectifier for rectifying the AC output voltage produced by the armature coil, a battery charged by the DC output current of the rectifier, and a voltage regulation device having a switching circuit and an abnormal voltage detector circuit for regulating the activation of the generator in accordance with the terminal voltage of the battery, with the abnormal voltage detector circuit having the function to hold a forcible deactivation of the generator which takes place upon the occurrence of an abnormal voltage. However, in the case of the known power generation control system the forcible deactivation is effected by the release of a relay switch which, in switched-on normal voltage state, must be kept continuously excited with the respective power consumption, and furthermore cannot be constructed in integrated circuits.
[0005] Furthermore, a power generation control system for a vehicle generator is known from the US-P-3 697 807 where a bipolar circuit fuses irreversibly upon the occurrence of an abnormal voltage, so that also after the removal of the abnormal voltage the exciting coil can no longer be supplied with voltage and thus the generator is no longer operable.
[0006] The invention is based on the problem to provide a power generation control system according to the preamble of claim 1, wherein the aforementioned disadvantages do not occur and which can be constructed in integrated circuitry.
[0009] These and other objects, features and advantages of this invention will be apparent from the following description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which:
Figure 1 is a diagram generally showing a circuit according to an embodiment of the system of the present invention;
Figure 2 is an electrical circuit diagram showing a specific example of the generation control system according to the present invention; and
Figures 3 and 4 are electrical circuit diagrams showing another embodiment of the present invention.
[0010] An embodiment of a vehicle power generator according to the invention is schematically shown in Figure 1. Reference numeral 1 shows a generator driven by the engine carried in the automotive vehicle. In this case, a DC output voltage is obtained by rectifying a three-phase AC voltage generated by a Y-connection alternator. Numeral 2 shows a block illustrating a power generation control system making up the essential parts of the present invention. In the blocks 1 and 2, numeral 3 shows an armature coil, numeral 4 a coil for exciting the generator, numeral 5 a full-wave rectifier, numeral 6 a switching circuit for regulating the current supply to the exciting coil 4, numeral 7 a voltage detector circuit for detecting the charge voltage at the battery 10, and numeral 8 an abnormal voltage detector circuit having a holding function which detects the output voltage of the armature coil 3 and cuts off the switching circuit 6 at the time of generation of an abnormally high voltage. An electric load 12 for the vehicle or an electric device is connected to the battery 10 through a switch 11.
[0011] Next, a specific embodiment of the power generator control system 2 shown in Figure 2 will be described. The switching circuit 6 includes a Darlington pair 61 of transistors, a flywheel diode 62 and a resistor 63. The collector of the Darlington pair 61 is connected to the exciting coil 4 and the flywheel diode 62 for absorption of reverse electromotive force. The other terminal of the exciting coil 4 is connected to the output terminal A of the armature coil 3. The other end of the flywheel diode 62 is connected to the input terminal S. The input terminal S is of course on the line of the same potential as the output terminal A and is considered equivalent to the connection with the output terminal A. The base of the Darlington pair 61 is connected to the ignition terminal IG of the key switch 9 through a resistor 63. The voltage detector circuit 7 includes resistors 73 and 74 for dividing the voltage of the input terminal S, a constant-voltage diode or Zener diode 72 for conducting or cutting off the divided voltage after discrimination thereof, and a transistor 71 which is connected with the base of the Darlington pair 61. After the engine of the vehicle is ignited with the key switch 9 being switched on, this voltage detector circuit 7 operates to actuate the Darlington pair 61 in the same way as in the prior art and regulates the voltage of the input terminal S, namely, the charge voltage of the battery 10 at a predetermined level.
[0012] The abnormal voltage detector circuit 8 is a voltage detection hold circuit made up of transistors 80, 81 and 82, a Zener diode 83 and resistors 84, 85, 86, 87, 88 and 89. The transistor 80 can be constructed as NPN transistor, whereas the transistor 81, 82 may be formed as PNP transistors. The main functions of this circuit are performed by a voltage divider circuit including resistors 88 and 89, and the Zener diode 83. When the B-terminal voltage exceeds a set voltage, the transistor 80 conducts and at the same time the transistor 81. conducts, so that the transistor 80 continues to conduct even when the B-terminal voltage drops. Thus the transistor 82 which is coupled with the base of the transistor 71 conducts causing the transistor 71 to conduct, with the result that the base current supply of said Darlington pair 61 is cut off, thus stopping power generation.
[0013] Next, the operation of the above-mentioned system according to the invention will be described. In Figure 2, when the key switch 9 is closed, power is supplied to the ignition terminal IG and the engine starts to operate, so that the generator begins to generate power. When the battery charge voltage exceeds a set voltage, the Zener diode 72 conducts, so that the transistor 71 conducts, and the Darlington pair 61 is cut off. Subsequently, according to the battery charge voltage, the Darlington pair 61 conducts or is cut off, with the result that the battery charge voltage is regulated at the desired set voltage.
[0014] In the event that the wiring for connecting the generator output terminal to the battery 10 is broken at any part, the battery 10 stops being charged from the generator 1. Therefore, the voltage across the battery drops, the Darlington pair 61 conducts for full excitation, and an abnormally high voltage is generated at the output terminal A of the generator 1. At the same time, the Zener diode 83 conducts and the transistors 80, 81, and 82 conduct, and therefore even when the generator output voltage drops, the transistors 80 and 82 are kept on, so that the transistor 71 conducts and the Darlington pair 61 is cut off, thus keeping the generator off. This generation stoppage signal is maintained until the key switch is turned off.
[0015] A certain voltage regulation system includes a charge indication device for indicating power generation, which is detected by determining the single-phase winding voltage from the P terminal (shown in Figure 3) or a neutral voltage from the N terminal (shown in Figure 3) of the generator 1. In this type of voltage regulation system, the P terminal voltage is reduced to zero and the charge indication lamp is lit, thus informing the driver of the abnormal condition. Specifically, in Figure 3, numeral 100 shows the charge indication device, and numeral 110 the power generation indication lamp. In normal power generation, a voltage applied from the P terminal of the generator is smoothed by a smoothing circuit including a resistors 104 and 105 and a capacitor 103, so that the transistor 102 conducts and the transistor 101 is cut off, thus keeping the lamp 110 off. In the absence of the input from the generator, on the other hand, the transistor 102 is cut off and the transistor 101 conducts, so that the lamp 110 is lit, thus informing the driver of the abnormal conduction of power generation.
[0016] In this embodiment, the abnormal voltage detector circuit 8 is comprised of a combination of transistors. However, the abnormal voltage detector circuit 8 shown in Figure 2 may be replaced with equal effect by any of various modifications such as a circuit using transistors 801 to 803 as shown in Figure 4. The transistors 801 to 803 are formed as NPN transistors.
[0017] Although the exciting coil 4 derives the power thereof from the generator output terminal in this embodiment, the exciting power may alternatively be drawn from the IG terminal.
[0018] Further, according to the present invention, the holding function is performed after occurrence of an abnormal condition. By removing the transistor 81 in Figure 2, however, it is possible to normalize the power generation after the normal condition is restored.
[0019] It will be understood from the foregoing description that according to the present invention power generation is forcibly stopped in the case where any part of the charge output line between the generator and the battery is broken, resulting in the advantages mentioned below.
(1) The load is protected from burning or damage which otherwise might be caused by the high voltage.
(2) An in-traffic trouble which otherwise might be caused by the battery failing to function is prevented.
(3) The rotor coil is prevented from being burnt-out by the high voltage.
1. A power generation control system for a vehicle generator (1) including an armature
coil (3), an exciting coil (4), a rectifier (5) for rectifying the AC output voltage
produced from said armature coil, a battery (10) charged by the DC output current
of said rectifier, and a voltage regulation device (2) having a switching circuit
(6), a voltage detector circuit (7) for regulating the activation of said generator
in accordance with the terminal voltage of said battery and an abnormal voltage detector
circuit (8), said voltage regulation device (2) having the function to hold a forcible
deactivation of said generator (1), which takes place upon occurrence of an abnormal
voltage, the holding function of said voltage regulation device (2) being terminated
in accordance with the operation of a key switch (9), characterized in that said abnormal
voltage detector circuit (8) comprises a transistor (82; 802) coupled with the base
of a transistor (71) of said voltage detector circuit (7), said transistor (71) of
said voltage detector circuit (7) being in turn connected to the base of a power transistor
(61) of said switching circuit (6) in such a manner that only the base current supply
of said power transistor (61) is shut off at the occurrence of an abnormal voltage
produced by said rectifier (5), the shut-off condition of the base current supply
of said power transistor (61) being maintained until said key switch (9) is turned
off, said power transistor (61) resuming its normal function mode thereafter.
2. A power generation control system according to Claim 1, wherein said abnormal voltage
detector circuit (8) comprises a voltage divider circuit (88, 89), a Zener element
(83) turned on when the detection voltage of said voltage divider circuit exceeds
a set value, and a transistor circuit (80, 81, 82) turned on in response to the turning-on
of said Zener element, said transistor circuit including one NPN transistor (80) and
two PNP transistors (81, 82) and said transistors (82; 802) of said abnormal voltage
detector circuit (8) forming a part of said transistor circuit.
3. A power generation control system according to Claim 1, wherein said abnormal voltage
detector circuit (8) comprises a voltage divider circuit (88, 89), a Zener element
(83) turned on when the detection voltage of said voltage divider circuit exceeds
a set value, and a transistor circuit (801, 802, 803) turned on in response to the
turning-on of said Zener element, said transistor circuit including three NPN transistors
and said transistor (82; 802) of said abnormal voltage detector circuit (8) forming
a part of said transistor circuit.
4. A power generation control system according to Claim 1, further comprising a charge
indication device (100) for turning on a charge indication lamp (110) only in response
to the absence of the output of said generator.
1. Leistungserzeugungs-Steuersystem für einen Fahrzeuggenerator (1), mit einer Ankerwicklung
(3), einer Erregerwicklung (4), einem Gleichrichter (5) zum Gleichrichten der von
der Ankerwicklung erzeugten Ausgangswechselspannung, einer durch den Ausgangsgleichstrom
des Gleichrichters geladenen Batterie (10), und einer Spannungsregeleinrichtung (2),
die eine Schalt-Schaltung (6), eine Spannungsdetektorschaltung (7) zum Regulieren
der Aktiviering des Generators in Abhängigkeit von der Batterieanschlußspannung und
eine Abnormalspannung-Detektorschaltung (8) aufweist und die die Funktion des Festhaltens
einer beim Auftreten einer Abnormalspannung stattfindenden Zwangsabschaltung des Generators
(1) besitzt, wobei diese Festhaltefunktion der Spannungsregeleinrichtung (2) in Abhängigkeit
von der Betätigung eines Schüsselschalters (9) beendet wird, dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß die Abnormalspannung-Detektorschaltung (8) einen mit der Basis eines Transistors
(71) der Spannungsdetektorschaltung (7) gekoppelten Transistor (82; 802) aufweist,
wobei der Transistor (71) der Spannungsdetektorschaltung (7) seinerseits mit der Basis
eines Leistungstransistors (61) der Schalt-Schaltung (6) derart verbunden ist, daß
beim Auftreten einer vom Gleichrichter (5) erzeugten Abnormalspannung lediglich die
Basisstromversorgung des Leistungstransistors (61) abgeschaltet wird und der Abschaltzustand
der Basisstromversorgung für den Leistungstransistor (61) aufrechterhalten bleibt,
bis der Schlüsselschalter (9) abgeschaltet wird, wonach der Leisungstransistor (61)
seinen Normalfunktionsbetrieb wieder aufnimmt.
2. Leistungserzeugungs-Steuersystem nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die
Abnormalspannung-Detektorschaltung (8) eine Spannungsteilerschaltung (88, 89), ein
Zener-Element (83), das eingeschaltet wird, wenn die Ermittlungsspannung der Spannungsteilerschaltung
einen eingestellten Wert überschreitet, und eine in Abhängigkeit von dem Einschalten
des Zener-Elements eingeschaltete Transistorschaltung (80, 81, 82) aufweist, wobei
die Transistorschaltung einen NPN-Transistor (80) und zwei PNP-Transistoren (81, 82)
enthält und der Transistor (82; 802) der Abnormalspannung-Detektorschaltung (8) einen
Teil der Transistorschaltung bildet.
3. Leistungserzeugungs-Steuersystem nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die
Abnormalspannung-Detektorschaltung (8) eine Spannungsteilerschaltung (88, 89), ein
Zener-Element (83), das eingeschaltet wird, wenn die Ermittlungsspannung der Spannungsteilerschaltung
einen eingestellten Wert überschreitet, und eine in Abhängigkeit von dem Einschalten
des Zener-Elements eingeschaltete Transistorschaltung (801, 802, 803) aufweist, wobei
die Transistorschaltung drei NPN-Transistoren aufweist und der Transistor (82; 802)
der Abnormalspannung-Detektorschaltung (8) einen Bestandteil der Transistorschaltung
bildet.
4. Leistungserzeugungs-Steuersystem nach Anspruch 1, gekennzeichnet durch eine Ladeanzeigeeinrichtung
(100) zum Einschalten einer Ladeanzeigelampe (110) lediglich beim Fehlen einer Generatorausgangsspannung.
1. Système de commande de génération de puissance pour générateur (1) de véhicule,
comprenant un bobinage d'induit (3), un bobinage d'excitation (4), un redresseur (5)
qui redresse la tension de sortie en courant alternatif produite par ledit bobinage
l'induit, une batterie (10) chargée par le courant de sortie en courant continu provenant
dudit redresseur, et un dispositif de régulation de tension (2) comprenant un circuit
de commutation (6), un circuit détecteur de tension (7) qui régule l'activation dudit
générateur en fonction de la tension aux bornes de ladite batterie, et un circuit
détecteur de tension anormale (8), ledit dispositif de régulation de tension (2) ayant
pour fonction de maintenir une désactivation forcée dudit générateur (1), qui a lieu
quand survient une tension anormale, la fonction de maintien dudit dispositif de régulation
de tension (2) prenant fin quand on actionne une clé de contact (9), caractérisé en
ce que ledit circuit détecteur de tension anormale (8) comprend un transistor (82;
802) couplé à la base d'un transistor (71) dudit circuit détecteur de tension (7),
ledit transistor (71) du circuit détecteur de tension (7) étant de son côté relié
à la base d'un transistor de puissance (61) dudit circuit de commutation (6) de manière
que seule l'alimentation en courant de la base dudit transistor de puissance (61)
soit coupée quand une tension anormale est produite par ledit redresseur (5), la condition
de coupure de l'alimentation en courant de la base dudit transistor de puissance (61)
étant maintenue jusqu'à ce que la clé de contact (9) soit fermée, ledit transistor
de puissance (61) revenant ensuite à son mode de fonctionnement normal.
2. Système de commande de génération de puissance selon la revendication 1, caractérisé
en ce que ledit circuit détecteur de tension anormale (8) comprend un circuit diviseur
de tension (88, 89), un élément Zener (83) mis sous tension quand la tension de détection
dudit circuit diviseur de tension dépasse une valeur réglée, et un circuit à transistors
(80, 81, 82) branché en réponse au branchement dudit élément Zener, ledit circuit
à transistors comprenant un transistor NPN (80) et deux transistors PNP (81, 82) et
ledit transistor (82; 802) dudit circuit détecteur de tension anormale (8) formant
une partie dudit circuit à transistors.
3. Système de commande de génération de puissance selon la revendication 1, caractérisé
en ce que ledit circuit détecteur de tension anormale (8) comprend un circuit diviseur
de tension (88, 89), un élément Zener (83) branché quand la tension de détection dudit
circuit diviseur de tension dépasse une valeur réglée, et un circuit à transistors
(801, 802, 803) mis sous tension en réponse à la mise sous tension dudit élément Zener,
ledit circuit à transistors comprenant trois transistors NPN et ledit transistor (82;
802) dudit circuit détecteur de tension anormale (8) formant une partie dudit circuit
à transistors.
4. Système de commande de génération de puissance selon la revendication 1, caractérisé
en ce qu'il comprend en outre un dispositif indicateur de charge (100) qui allume
une lampe indicatrice de charge (110) seulement en réponse à l'absence de sortie dudit
générateur.