Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to the packaging, mixing and dispensing of emulsions. It has
particular application to the packaging of coal tar emulsion driveway sealer.
Background
[0002] The most widely used driveway sealer is a thick, black, coal tar emulsion. It is
generally sold retail in large 50 pound metal or plastic pails with lids. In storage,
the emulsion separates into a heavy paste topped by a layer of watery liquid. The
degree of separation depends on the storage time and conditions, but the layer of
supernatent liquid typically makes up 5% to 30% of the material by volume. Viscosities
of the sealer and its separated components have been measured at 75°F with a Brookfield
Syncho-Lectric viscometer Model RVT at 5 RPM using a Helipath stand for vertical travel.
After about three weeks of settling, the settled paste has a viscosity of about 350,000
centipoises and after about six months the paste has a viscosity of about 600,000
centipoises. When mixed with the liquid, which has a viscosity of less than one centipoise,
an emulsion having a viscosity of about 13,000 centipoises is obtained.
[0003] Mixing and dispensing the driveway sealer from a pail can be a very disagreeable
task. The lid is often difficult to remove. Once the lid is removed, mixing of the
heavy, settled paste with the thin, watery liquid is time consuming and inevitably
results in messy spattering of the sealer onto the surrounding ground and onto the
individual mixing the sealer. Once the sealer is thoroughly mixed, usually after about
ten minutes of effort, it must be poured from the pail onto the driveway, and it must
be smoothed out with a squeegee or brush. When poured, the sealer again spatters on
the user as well as on any adjacent wall or the like. The spattered sealer is difficult
to clean from the user's clothing or adjacent surface and is an irritant to the user's
skin.
[0004] The primary object of this invention is to provide a means for mixing and dispensing
a heavy emulsion such as driveway sealer with much less time, effort and mess than
has heretofore been possible and without the need for a mixing implement.
[0005] Conventional pails for storing driveway sealer provide reasonable stacking strength
and resist blows from the side. However, the rims of pails are easily crushed when
dropped at an angle. This is a particular problem when attempting to carry heavy fluids
such as 50 pounds of driveway sealer. When a rim of the bucket is crushed, the pail
not only loses its stacking ability; it is also subject to leakage of the sealer.
Other disadvantages of conventional pails include the cost of metal or plastic and
the cost of forming the pails. Also, the stacking of cylindrical pails results in
a substantial loss of storage space due to the voids between the stacked pails. The
weight of the pails also contributes significantly to the cost of transporting the
sealer. Finally, filling of the pails with the heavy emulsion is a time consuming
process which does not readily lend itself to mechanization.
[0006] A further object of the present invention is to provide a package for storing emulsion
such as driveway sealer which is relatively economical and durable and which lends
itself to high density storage on pallets and the like and high speed filling.
[0007] It is known from US-A-3,430,815 to provide a commercial package comprising a tartar
sauce base in a bag into which other components of the sauce are subsequently placed
by the user and the bag then sealed and kneaded and worked by hand in order to make
the sauce, the sauce being thereafter dispensed from a neck of the bag by suspending
the bag upside down and opening the neck. It is suggested that the original package
comprise about 21 Ibs weight (9.53 Kg) of the tartar sauce base which is then made
up to about 28.5 Ibs weight (12.93 Kg) of ingredients.
Disclosure of the Invention
[0008] A fluid product such as coal tar driveway sealer is packaged in a sealed bag. The
volume of the emulsion in the bag is substantially less, e.g. less than about half
the capacity of the bag. The bag is evacuated of substantially all air. The separated
product can be mixed by laying the bag flat on the ground and pressing the top face
of the bag to induce turbulent flow of components for hydraulic mixing of those components.
[0009] The flexible bag provides for ease of dispensing of the sealer onto a driveway with
controlled flow through a spout which may be a severed corner of the bag.
[0010] Preferably, the bag membrane comprises a thermoplastic material with metal deposited
thereon. Specifically, in one embodiment, aluminum is vapor deposited on polyester,
and that composite is sandwiched between layers of a polymer based largely on ethylene.
[0011] Preferably, the bag lies in a flat rectangular sheet when empty. The partially filled
and sealed bag may be packaged in a carton. For reasons of cost and ease of handling,
driveway sealer should be packaged in quantities within the range of 1 to 3 1/2 gallons.
Brief Description of the Drawings
[0012] The foregoing and other objects, features and advantages of the invention will be
apparent from the following more particular description of preferred embodiments of
the invention, as illustrated in the accompanying drawings in which like reference
characters refer to the same parts throughout the different views. The drawings are
not necessarily to scale, emphasis instead being placed upon illustrating the principles
of the invention.
Fig. 1 is a perspective view of a thermoplastic bag partially filled with driveway
sealer in accordance with this invention, showing hydraulic mixing of the sealer by
compression of the bag with two hands;
Fig. 2 graphically illustrates experimental results which demonstrate the nedd for
having a fill ratio of less than about 1/2 for quick mixing.
Fig. 3 is a view of the bag of Fig. 1 with a corner cut from the bag for controlled
dispensing of a bead of driveway sealer adjacent a wall;
Fig. 4 is a view of the partially filled bag of Fig. 1 with a larger cut from the
corner of the bag for dispensing of the driveway sealer as a wide but controlled stream;
Fig. 5 is a plan view of an alternative embodiment of a driveway sealer packing in
which flow restrictions are provided in the bag by heat sealing of the bag faces;
Fig. 6 is a perspective view, partially broken away, of the bag of Fig. 1 stored in
a carton;
Fig. 7 is a sectional view of the composite material which forms the bag membrane
in a preferred embodiment.
Preferred Embodiment of the Invention
[0013] A coal tar emulsion driveway sealer is packaged in a thermoplastic bag 12. The bag
12 is of a material which is substantially impermeable to the comonents of the driveway
sealer over a typical shelf life of the package. Based on considerations of impermeability,
a two layer bag membrane of 3 mil, ethylene/vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA) has been
used. Such a material provides reasonable shelf life, but certain corn- . ponents
of the coal tar emulsion driveway sealer did permeate the bag over an extended period
of time. To make the bag less permeable to sealer vapors, an aluminum foil layer may
be provided. However, the foil may have minute pin holes which would pass the sealer
component.
[0014] A preferred bag membrane composition comprises a 50 gauge (.5 mil) layer of polyester
film coated with a vapor deposited layer of aluminum on one side. The aluminum layer
is about 500-1000 A thick. That two layer composite is extrusion coated on both sides
with a polymer based largely on ethylene. The specific polymer used is the copolymer
EVA with about 7% vinyl acetate. It is coated to a thickness of about 2 mils on each
side. The result is illustrated by Fig. 7 which shows the polyester layer 50 and coated
layer 52 between EVA layers 54 and 56. An additional film of EVA may be used to form
a double membrane with an air space between the two membranes. This layer may have
about 12% vinyl acetate for low temperature toughness.
[0015] The bag 12 is formed of flat membranes joined along a rectangular periphery 14 so
that, when empty, it can be laid flat on one face with complete face-to-face contact.
Driveway sealer is introduced into the flat, empty bag through inlet port 16 during
a filling operation. The bag is filled to less than half its total capacity. As little
air as possible is introduced into the bag during filling, or it is later vacuum evacuated,
so that it is substantially completely evacuated but for the sealer.
[0016] The incomplete filling of the bag 12 with driveway sealer is important to enable
mixing of the separated components of the sealer without opening the bag. Preferably,
just prior to opening the bag 12 to dispense the sealer, the bag is laid on a flat
surface as shown in Fig. 1 and the bag is compressed with two hands so that the upper
bag face contacts the lower face. Pressure to the bag may then be quickly and repeatedly
released and reapplied in a pumping action. Preferably, the hands are moved to different
portions as shown in phantom with each pumping action. The hands may also be pressed
against the bag alternately rather than together. Further, a foot may be used for
the pumping movement. This pumping action causes a turbulent flow of the paste and
liquid in the bag and results in complete hydraulic mixing of the contents of the
bag within about one minute. As an alternative to the rapid pumping action, the upper
face may be pressed down against the lower face to cause flow of the sealer, and then
the hands or foot may be moved laterally with the two bag faces still pressed together
to cause a shearing action on the paste between the two bag faces. Repetitive pressing
of the bag faces and lateral movement causes turbulent flow of the bag contents for
hydraulic mixing of the separated contents and also allows the individual to smooth
out any globules of paste in the mixture.
[0017] Hydraulic mixing of the sealer in bags as shown in Fig. 1 allows for mixing of the
sealer in less than one-third the time required to mix the same amount of sealer in
five gallon pails. Tests have shown that it takes from seven to ten minutes to adequately
mix the contents of a five gallon pail. Only about one minute is required to adequately
mix 2-1/2 gallons of sealer which has settled for several months in a bag by hydraulic
mixing. Where the sealer has settled for less than a month, mixing can be completed
in only about thirty seconds or less.
[0018] It is important that the bag be only partially filled with sealer and that it be
substantially completely evacuated but for the sealer. This partial filling allows
for the pumping or smoothing action and the turbulent flow which results in the hydraulic
mixing of the sealer. Fig. 2 shows the results of tests in which three differently
sized bags were filled to different degrees. The medium size bag was a 19 x 25 inch
rectangle when empty and laid flat. It had a maximum capacity of 7.9 gallons. Such
a bag is conventionally used to contain about five gallons of liquid. The smaller
bag was a 12 x 20 inch rectangle when empty and laid flat and had a total capacity
of 3.1 gallons. It is conventionally used to hold two gallons of liquid. A single
test was made of a much larger bag, 24 x 34 inches, which had a total capacity of
18 gallons and is ordinarily used to carry over ten gallons of liquid.
[0019] The degree of mixing, as indicated by the percent of undispersed paste collected
on a sieve, was determined after sixty seconds of mixing. The degree of mixing was
indicated by the amount of paste retained on a one-half inch mesh screen of a six
inch square sieve when the contents of the bag or pail were poured over the screen.
The sealer was considered to be adequately mixed when the weight of the sealer collected
on the seive was less than two percent of the total weight of the sealer.
[0020] The results of the tests shown in Fig. 2 indicate that it is critical that the bag
be filled to less than about 50% of its total capacity to provide for quick mixing;
that is, it must have a fill ratio of less than 1/2. Preferably, the percent fill
is less than 45%.
[0021] Although the large 18 gallon capacity bag allowed for excellent mixing of 5 gallons,
or about 50 pounds of sealer, this bag was considered to be to unwieldy for most applications.
Three and one-half gallons is considered to be the upper limit of an easily handled
bag of driveway sealer. On the other hand, to maintain a reasonable cost of the bag
relative to its contents and to provide a reasonable volume of sealer for use in most
applications the bag should hold at least one gallon of sealer.
[0022] It is significant that, for the 7.9 gallon capacity bag, it was also found that film
to film contact between the two faces of the bag, as shown in Fig. 1, could not be
readily made with two hands without excessive pressure when the volume of liquid in
the bag was 3.6 gallons or greater. This is a percent fill of 45%. It is where face
to face contact can be made with two hands that the contents of the bag can be most
readily and quickly mixed by the turbulent flow of the hydraulic mixing process. Face
to face contact could not even be made with one hand when the percent fill was greater
than about 50%, and without such contact the ability to easily mix the separated contents
of the bag is lost.
[0023] The package disclosed above for coal tar emulsion driveway sealer has the further
advantages of easy opening and clean and easy dispensing as illustrated in Figs. 3
and 4. A corner of the plastic bag 12 may be quickly cut from the bag as at 18. Because
the bag is less than half filled, two corners of an opposite edge of the bag can be
readily grasped as shown, and the bag can be lifted and tilted to pour the sealer
20. As shown in Fig. 3, by cutting only a small tip 18 of the corner from the bag,
a very small pour spout can be provided for very controlled dispensing of a bead 17
of sealer near walls and the like. Controlled pouring of the sealer adjacent to walls
and the like is not possible with a large pail.
[0024] For more rapid pouring of the sealer from the bag, a larger amount of the corner
plastic can be cut from the bag as at 18' of Fig. 4 to provide a wide pour spout.
The size of that spout depends on the ambition of the user. Although this larger spout
allows for rapid pouring of the sealer onto a driveway, it results in essentially
no spattering, which compares with a great deal of spattering with the conventional
pail. This is because a relatively small opening is provided in the bag. Also, the
very flexible, half-filled bag can be positioned so that the spout is close to the
ground before the bag is tipped for pouring through the spout. With a pail, pouring
of the sealer is initiated from a height of twelve inches or greater..
[0025] Once a desired quantity of sealer is poured from the bag, the bag can be set on a
flat surface. The sealer is sufficiently thick that the bag can be positioned to prevent
loss of sealer through the open corner until additional sealer is required. If the
bag contents are only partially used, or in the unlikely event that the contents are
inadequately mixed, the bag can be resealed by a conventional tie. A conventional
pail cannot be as readily resealed.
[0026] An alternative bag design is shown in Fig. 5. In this design orifices are provided
between two ends 24 and 26 of the bag by means of heat seals 22. With this bag design,
the sealer can be pumped from one half of the bag to the other through the orifices.
The orifices cause added turbulent flow to improve the hydraulic mixing of the sealer.
[0027] The thermoplastic bag is sufficiently durable that it may be handled without the
need for further packaging. Such a use of the bag as the sole container provides for
maximum density stacking of the container. It also minimizes the cost of the package.
When individually sold, the bag may be carried by the purchaser by a handle integral
with the bag or in a paper or plastic shopping bag which preferably has an integral
handle.
[0028] The plastic bag may be contained in a carton 28 as shown in Fig. 6. With the very
low fill ratio, the flexible bag 12 and its contents conform to the shape of the carton.
Excess bag membrane 30 can be folded at the top of the carton. Alternatively, the
bag can be partially folded into the carton prior to filling, and then the bag can
be filled while positioned in the carton. The carton shown in Fig. 6 also includes
a plastic carrying handle 32.
[0029] The primary advantages to the consumer of the above-disclosed driveway sealer package
are the ease of mixing, the ease of opening the container, the ease and cleanliness
of dispensing the sealer, and the better disposability of the bag and carton as compared
to a pail. There are also significant advantages to those who sell the sealer. The
cost of the plastic bag with a carton is 15% to 20% less than that of a metal or plastic
pail. Without the carton the savings is substantially greater. There is also a savings
in the cost of transporting packaged sealer because of the lighter weight of the plastic
bag and carton relative to a metal pail.
[0030] Further, both the bag alone and the bag in a carton allow for much greater stacking
density of both empty and filled containers than does a round pail.
[0031] Further cost savings in fabricating bags for containing the sealer can be had by
eliminating the need for a discrete fill spout. For example, one end of the bag may
be only partially sealed prior to filling to provide an opening in the bag. The opening
can then be sealed after filling by a heat seal, metal tie or the like. Such bags
may be formed by heat sealing a plastic tube to provide a continuous roll of empty
bags. The intersection between such bags in a roll may be shaped to provide for an
extended spout from the top of each bag.
[0032] A further advantage of the plastic bag package is that it is more resistant to damage
when dropped. A pail cannot generally withstand a drop on edge from more than 14 inches.
The bag, in or out of a carton, can be dropped from several feet without damage. The
result is significantly less leakage from a supply of containers.
[0033] The filling of pails is a time consuming process. It generally requires three men
to fill the pails at a rate of three pails per minute. By providing an individual
with a large supply of plastic bags, he can be expected to fill over ten bags, with
2-1/2 gallons each, per minute. Thus, one individual can fill bags with driveway sealer
at a much faster rate than that at which three individuals can fill pails. He can
inject the driveway sealer through the small opening 16 of an evacuated bag very quickly
without the spattering that occurs with an open top pail.
[0034] While the invention has been particularly shown and described with references to
preferred embodiments thereof, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that
various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the
spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
1. A package comprising a fluid product, and in particular a coal tar emulsion driveway
sealer product, in a sealed bag, the fluid product being subject to separation into
a paste and liquid, the volume of product being substantially less than that of the
bag and the bag being substantially completely evacuated but for the product such
that the separated contents of the bag may be remixed by compressing the sides of
the sealed bag into face-to-face contact by hand, inducing turbulent flow of the bag
contents for hydraulic mixing thereof.
2. A package as claimed in claim 1 wherein the volume of the product is less than
half the volume of the bag.
3. A package as claimed in claim 1 or 2 wherein between 1 and 3-1/2 gallons of product
are contained in the bag.
4. A package as claimed in any preceding claim wherein the bag, when empty, may be
laid flat with complete face-to-face contact of opposed faces of the bag.
5. A package as claimed in any preceding claim wherein the bag membrane comprises
a metal layer deposited on a sheet of thermoplastic material.
6. A package as claimed in claim 5 wherein aluminum is deposited on polyester and
those layers are sandwiched between layers of a polymer based largely on ethylene.
7. A method of storing and mixing a fluid product, and in particular a coal tar emulsion
sealer product, which is subject to separation, the method comprising sealing a stored
volume of the product in a bag, substantially evacuated except for the product, the
bag having a total capacity substantially greater than the stored volume of product,
and mixing the stored volume of product within the sealed bag by compressing the sides
of the bag into face-to-face contact at a sufficient velocity to induce turbulent
flow of the product for hydraulic mixing thereof.
8. A method as claimed in claim 7 wherein the bag has a total capacity of at least
twice the stored volume of product.
9. A method as claimed in claim 7 or 8 wherein between 1 and 3-1/2 gallons of product
are stored and mixed in the bag.
10. A method as claimed in claim 7, 8 or 9 wherein the product is mixed by repeatedly
compressing one face of the bag against another in a pumping action to create turbulent
flow of the product in the bag.
11. A method as claimed in claim 10 wherein the bag is repeatedly compressed by forcing
hands or feet against a face of the bag.
12. A method as claimed in any one of claims 7 to 11 further comprising the step of
dispensing the stored product from the bag by tilting the bag for flow of its mixed
product through a pour spout at a rate controlled by the area of the spout.
13. A method as claimed in claim 12 wherein the pour spout is provided by cutting
a corner from the bag.
14. A method as claimed in claim 7 or 8 wherein the stored volume is less than 45%
of the total capacity of the bag.
1. Verpackung, die ein Flüssigprodukt, und insbesondere ein Fahrwegdichtmittelprodukt
aus einer Steinkohlenteeremulsion, in einem geschlossenen Beutel enthält, bei der
das Flüssigprodukt einer Trennung in eine Paste und Flüssigkeit ausgesetzt ist und
das Volumen des Produkts wesentlich geringer als das des Beutels und der Beutel mit
Ausnahme des Produkts im wesentlichen vollständig evakuiert ist, derart, daß die getrennten
Inhalte des Beutels dadurch wieder gemischt werden können, daß die Seiten des geschlossenen
Beutels von Hand in Fläche-an-Fläche-Berührung zusammengedrückt werden, wodurch eine
turbulente Strömung des Beutelinhalts für dessen hydraulisches Mischen herbeigeführt
wird.
2. Verpackung nach Anspruch 1, bei der das Volumen des Produkts weniger als die Hälfte
des Volumens des Beutels beträgt.
3. Verpackung nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, bei der in dem Beutel 1 bis 3-1/2 Gallonen des
Produkts enthalten sind.
4. Verpackung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, bei der der Beutel im Leerzustand
mit vollständiger Fläche-an-Fläche-Berührung einander gegenüberliegender Flächen des
Beutels flachgelegt werden kann.
5. Verpackung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, bei der die Beutelwand eine
auf einer Folie aus thermoplastischem Material abgelagerte Metallschicht umfaßt.
6. Verpackung nach Anspruch 5, bei der Aluminium auf Polyester abgelagert ist und
diese Schichten zwischen Schichten eines zum großen Teil auf Äthylen basierenden Polymers
eingefaßt sind.
7. Verfahren zum Lagern und Mischen eines Flüssigprodukts, und insbesondere eines
Dichtmitteiprodukts aus einer Steinkohlenteeremulsion, das einer Trennung ausgesetzt
ist, wobei das Verfahren darin besteht, daß ein gespeichertes Volumen des Produkts
in einem Beutel eingeschlossen wird, der im wesentlichen mit Ausnahme des Produkts
evakuiert ist, der Beutel ein Gesamtfassungsvermögen besitzt, das wesentlich größer
als das gespeicherte Volumen des Produkts ist, und das gespeicherte Volumen des Produkts
innerhalb des geschlossenen Beutels dadurch gemischt wird, daß die Seiten des Beutels
in Fläche-an-Fläche-Berührung mit einer solchen Geschindigkeit zusammengedrückt werden,
daß eine turbulente Strömung des Produkts für dessen hydraulisches Mischen hervorgerufen
wird.
8. Verfahren nach Anspruch 7, bei dem der Beutel ein Gesamtfassungsvermögen von zumindest
dem Zweifachen des gespeicherten Produktvolumens-besitzt.
9. Verfahren nach Anspruch 7 oder 8, bei dem 1 bis 3-1/2 Gallonen des Produkts in
dem Beutel gespeichert und gemischt werden.
10. Verfahren nach Anspruch 7, 8 oder 9, bei dem das Produkt dadurch gemischt wird,
daß eine Fläche des Beutels wiederholt gegen eine andere in einer Pumpwirkung zusammengedrückt
wird, um eine turbulente Strömung des Produkts im Beutel zu erzeugen.
11. Verfahren nach Anspruch 10, bei dem der Beutel dadurch wiederholt zusammengedrückt
wird, daß Hände oder Füße gegen eine Fläche des Beutels gedrückt werden.
12. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 7 bis 11, mit dem weiteren Verfahrenschritt,
daß das gespeicherte Produkt aus dem Beutel dadurch abgegeben wird, daß der Beutel
für eine Ausfließen seines gemischten Produkts durch eine Ausgießmündung mit einer
von der Ausgußfläche bestimmten Durchsatzmenge geneigt wird. 13. Verfahren nach Anspruch
12, bei dem die Ausgießmündung durch Abschneiden einer Ecke vom Beutel geschaffen
wird.
14. Verfahren nach Anspruch 7 oder 8, bei dem das gespeicherte Volumen weniger als
45% des Gesamtfassungsvermögens des Beutels beträgt.
1. Emballage comprenant un produit fluide, et en particulier un produit pour joint
d'étanchéité fait d'une émulsion à base de goudron de houille, dans un sac scellé,
le produit fluide étant sujet à ' séparation en une pâte et un liquide, le volume
du produit étant substantiellement inférieur à celui du sac et le sac substantiellement
totalement vide à l'exception du product, de telle façon que les composants contenus
séparément dans le sac puissent être remélangés en comprimant les côtés du sac scellé
par un contact face à face avec les mains, pour produire une vive circulation des
composants du sac et obtenir un mélange hydraulique de ceux-ci.
2. Emballage selon la revendication 1, dans lequel le volume du produit est inférieur
à la moitié du volume du sac.
3. Emballage selon les revendications 1 ou 2, dans lequel sont contenus dans le sac
4,5 litres et 16 litres de produit.
4. Emballage selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans lequel le
sac, lorsqu'il est vide, peut être posé à plat avec un contact face-à-face total de
ses faces opposées.
5. Emballage selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans lequel la
membrane du sac comprend une couche métallique déposée sur une feuille de matière
thermo-plastique.
6. Emballage selon la revendication 5, dans lequel de l'aluminium est déposé sur du
polyester et dans lequel ces couches sont intercalées entre des couches d'un polymer
à base d'éthylène.
7. Méthode de stockage et de mélange d'un produit fluide et en particulier d'un produit
pour joint d'étanchéité fait d'une émulsion à base de goudron de houille, produit
sujet à séparation, ladite méthode comportant le scellement d'un volume stocké du
produit dans un sac substantiellement vide à l'exception du produit, le sac ayant
une capacité totale substantiellement plus importante que le volume de produit stocké,
et le mélange du volume de produit stocké dans le sac scellé en comprimant les côtés
du sac en un contact face-à-face avec un vélocité suffisante pour induire une vive
circulation du produit pour le mélanger hydrauliquement.
8. Méthode selon la revendication 7, dans laquelle le sac possède une capacité totale
au moins double du volume de produit stocké.
9. Méthode selon les revendications 7 ou 8, dans laquelle sont stockés et mélangés
dans le sac entre 4,5 litres et 16 litres de produit.
10. Méthode selon les revendications 7, 8 ou 9, dans laquelle le produit est mélangé
en compressant de manière répétée une face du sac contre l'autre en un mouvement de
pompage pour créer une vive circulation du produit dans le sac.
11. Méthode selon la revendication 10, dans laquelle le sac est compressé de façon
répétée en appuyant les mains ou les pieds sur une face du sac.
12. Méthode selon l'une quelconque des revendications 7 à 11, comprenant en outre
la distribution du produit stocké hors du sac en inclinant le sac pour faire écouler
le produit mélangé au travers d'un bec de déversement selon un débit contrôlé par
la taille du bec.
13. Méthode selon la revendication 12, dans laquelle le bec de déversement est formé
en coupant un angle du sac.
14. Méthode selon l'une des revendications 7 ou 8, dans laquelle le volume stocké
est inférieur à 45 % de la capacité totale du sac.