[0001] This invention relates to a means for effecting the spray of a liquid from a tank
and pump means, and more particularly to means for increasing the area of spread of
a liquid spray from a nozzle head fastened to a tank and pump means. Such a nozzle
head attached to a tank and pump means is intended to reduce the distance between
the nozzle head and the receiving area.
[0002] The nozzle heads presently available on the market are fastened to a tank and pump
means by means of a connecting pipe or hose. To operate such equipment, the tank is
filled with liquid and the contents are subsequently subjected to an increase in atmospheric
pressure, usually by means of activating the pump means. The contents of the tank
being subjected to increased atmospheric pressure, is forced out through the nozzle
head. The nozzle head typically comprises of a drum with one open end. The other end
accommodates a hollow cylindrical shaft in a sealingly engageable manner. The said
hollow cylindrical shaft is cooperably movable along the longitudinal axis of the
said cylindrical body. The terminal end of the shaft inside the drum is fastened to
a flange which is sealingly engageable and movable along the said longitudinal axis,
thereby altering the spacious volume between the flange and the nozzle cover.
[0003] The open end of the drum is typically demountably and sealingly fastened to a planar
cover; the said cover includes at least one orifice. The said cover is of two portions,
the first portion is a cylindrical and of sufficient thickness so as to enable the
portion to be sealingly engageable to the open end of the drum; and the second portion
is usually of larger/equal diameter to the drum to facilitate the mounting of the
cover onto the drum.
[0004] To have a spray effect of the liquid, the presently available nozzle include the
following configuration or features. The nozzle cover includes at least one chamber
terminating in an orifice and the said chamber communicating to a central chamber
by means of a duct, whose width is substantially equal to the diameter of the orifice.
The said duct is positioned tangentically to the central chamber. The said central
chamber is axially placed in registration with the terminal opening of the shaft hereinbefore
described, and the diameter of the central chamber is marginally smaller than the
diameter of the said terminal opening. Further, the said central chamber does not
include any orifice connecting the chamber to the outside. Typically the central chamber
is connected to a plurality of secondary chambers with orifices.
[0005] The above described nozzle heads currently available in the market suffer from a
number of disadvantages. The secondary chamber is of two portions. The first portion
is fructo-conical whose apex terminates in an orifice connecting the chamber to the
outside, and the second portion is cylindrical with a connecting duct to the central
chamber. The height of the secondary chamber comprising of the fructo-cone and the
cylinder equals the thickness of the nozzle cover. In some embodiments, the secondary
chamber consists only of one fructo-conical portion and whose height equals the thickness
of the nozzle cover. The liquid from the drum is introduced into the central chamber
from where the liquid is subsequently introduced into the secondary chamber via the
connecting duct. The said liquid at pressure is ejected out of the nozzle via the
orifice in a spray form. The angle at the vertex of the cone of spray is a function
of the height of the chamber.
[0006] The size of the angle of spray cone is inversely proportional to the height of the
chamber and to the distance of the flange from the nozzle cover. Thus, the angle of
spray cone is relatively small when the height of the secondary chamber is relatively
large and conversely the angle of the spray cone is large when the said height is
relatively small. Thus, it is advantageous to reduce the height of the secondary chamber
to facilitate a wide angle of spray cone. Further, angle of spray is increased as
the distance between the flange and the nozzle cover is reduced. Optimally the flange
should be in close contact with the nozzle cover.
[0007] In the presently available nozzle covers, the height of the secondary chamber equals
the total thickness of the nozzle cover. The problem has been how to reduce the height
of the secondary chamber without in any way limiting the mountability of the nozzle
cover onto the open end of the drum.
[0008] It is an object of the present invention to provide a new and improved sealingly
mountable nozzle cover to facilitate the ejection of the liquid from the container
tank in a wide angle spray cone.
[0009] It is another object of the present invention to provide such a nozzle cover, which
when employed in nozzle heads facilitates the ejection of the liquid from the container
tank in a wide angle spray cone.
[0010] The invention accordingly provides a nozzle head for liquid spray which comprises
drum body and a sealingly mountable nozzle cover; wherein the drum body includes a
hollow cylindrical shaft cooperably movable along the longitudinal axis and a flange
fastened to the terminal end of the shaft inside the said drum body sealingly engageable
and movable along the said longitudinal axis. The said flange includes an aperture
coaxially placed. The nozzle cover includes a first portion capable of being sealingly
mountable onto the open end of the said drum body, and the said first portion includes
a primary chamber in registration with the open end of the shaft and the central axis
of the said flange, and the diameter of the primary chamber is marginally smaller
than the diameter of the aperture (open end of the shaft). The nozle cover further
includes at least one secondary chamber which is fructo-conical in cross-section
and whose vertex terminates in an orifice extending to the external environment; the
said primary chamber connected to the said secondary chamber via a communication duct.
The diameter of the orifice is substantially smaller than the width of the duct (optimally
in the ratio 1:3). The said duct connects the primary and secondary chamber in a tangentical
position in relation to both chambers. Advantageously the nozzle cover also includes
an annular ring preferably integrally connected to the external edge of the said first
portion and whose outer perimeter surface is serrated and/or grooved to provide a
non-slip surface. Preferrably the inner side of the annular ring on the external surface
is cut at an inclination to the first portion to prevent the obstruction of the spray.
[0011] The nozzle cover preferably includes a plurality of secondary chambers, each connected
to the said central chamber via a communicating duct as described earlier.
[0012] The invention will now be further described by way of example only, with reference
to the accompanying drawings, in which:
Fig 1 illustrates a perspective views of a nozzle head.
Fig 2 is a plan view of the inside surface of the nozzle corresponding to the invention.
Fig 3 is a plan view of the outside surface of the nozzle cover.
Fig 4 is a cross-section view of the nozzle cover along line AA in Fig 2.
Fig 5 is a cut-out view showing nozzle cover in position in nozzle head and diagrammatical
representing the flow of liquid inside the nozzle head.
[0013] The illustrated nozzle (1) includes a nozzle cover (2) sealingly mounted onto to
a nozzle drum body (3). The drum body (3) further includes a hollow shaft (4), the
terminal end of which is fastened to a flange (5). The flange (5) is sealingly engageable
and movable along the longitudinal axis preferably by screw means. Accordingly, the
inner circumferential side of the drum body (3) has corresponding thread to accommodate
the flange (5) (Fig 5).
[0014] The nozzle cover (2) is advantageously of two portions (7, 8). The first portion
(7) is sealingly mountable onto the open end of the drum body (3). It is a preferred
embodiment of the present invention that the circumferential edge of the first portion
includes threads to cooperate with the threads in the inner circumferential surface
of the drum body. This facilitates the mounting of the nozzle cover (2) onto the nozzle
drum body (3) in a sealing manner. The said first portion (7) includes a primary chamber
(9), positioned co-axially with the open end of the shaft (4). The diameter of the
primary chamber is marginally smaller than the diameter of the open end of shaft.
The first portion (7) further includes at least one other secondary chamber (10).
It is another preferred embodiment of the present invention that first portion (7)
includes a plurality of secondary chambers positioned symmetrically to the outside
of the primary chamber (9) (Fig 2). The secondary chambers (10a, b, c, d) communicate
to the primary chamber (9) via connecting ducts (11a, b, c, d). The said duct is positioned
tangentically to both the primary and secondary chambers (Fig 2). The width of the
communicating duct (11) is preferably larger than the diameter of the orifice opening
(13). It is a preferred embodiment of the present invention that the width of the
said duct and the diameter of the orifice opening be in the ratio 3:1.
[0015] The secondary chamber (10) includes a fructo-conical chamber (12), the vertex of
which chamber terminates in an orifice (13). The height of the secondary chamber (10)
is equal to the thickness of the first portion (7). It is to be understood that the
height of the secondary chamber is a function of the thickness of the first portion.
As will described hereafter, the said height must be kept to an optimum dimension
to achieve the desired objectives of the invention.
[0016] The nozzle cover (2) advantageously includes a second portion (8) which is integrally
connected to the first portion (7) to form an annular ring. The circumferential edge
of the portion (8) is preferably grooved or serrated to provide a slip resistant surface.
Advantageously a sealing ring washer (14) can be mounted onto the internal surface
of the second portion to facilitate a leak-proof mounting.
[0017] In the present invention, the thickness of the first portion is approximately one
half of the total thickness of the nozzle cover, thereby substantially reducing the
height of the secondary chamber as compared to the height of such chambers in conventional
nozzle covers.
[0018] The flow of liquid during the operation of the nozzle head will now be described.
The liquid is introduced into the drum body of the nozzle head from the pressurized
tank holding the liquid. Typically the tank body is connected to the nozzle head by
means of a flexible tube. The liquid travels through the hollow shaft (4) through
force of pressure to the primary chamber (9) from where it travels into the secondary
chamber (10) via the connecting duct (11). The travel of the liquid from the primary
chamber to the secondary chamber via the said duct creates a churning effect in the
liquid contained in the secondary chamber (10). The liquid is ejected out through
the orifice (13) in a conical spray. The vertex angle of the spray (α) is a function
of the height of the secondary chamber. In the present invention, the said height
is smaller than in presently available nozzles. Accordingly, the angle of the vertex
of the spray cone (α) is substantially broader than in conventional nozzles. The angle
is largest when the planar surface of the flange is in contact with surface of the
first portion (7) of the nozzle cover (2) at a given pressure. In this operating position,
the liquid from the shaft (4) directly impinges on the primary chamber and is directly
ejected into the secondary chamber in a tangentical direction, thereby creating a
churning effect. As the liquid is introduced into the nozzle head at substantially
above atmospheric pressures, the liquid contained in the secondary chamber (10) is
ejected out through the orifice (13) in a conical spray.
[0019] It is to be understood that for a given orifice size, the angle of spray (α) is a
function of the pressure applied on the liquid. Accordingly, the pressure can be reduced
by moving the flange (5) away from the nozzle cover, thereby reducing the angle spray
(α). Conversely to increase the angle of spray (α) the flange is moved forward in
the direction of the nozzle cover. The angle (α) is widest when the flange is in contact
with the nozzle cover. In this operating position, all the liquid in the shaft is
ejected into the primary chamber. All the said liquid is subsequently forced into
the secondary chambers via the communicating ducts. As the width of the ducts is substantially
larger than the diameter of the orifice, larger volume of the liquid enters the chamber,
thereby ejecting the liquid in the chamber via the orifice at a pressure. The liquid
leaves the chamber in a spray form.
1. A nozzle head (1) means for effectuating broad angle cone of liquid spray comprising:
a) A drum body (3) having a hollow cylindrical shaft (4) coaxially movable along the
longitudinal axis and a flange (5) fastened to the terminal end of the shaft (4) inside
the said drum body (3) sealingly engageable and coaxially movable along the said longitudinal
axis, and the said flange (5) includes an aperture coaxially placed; and
b) A nozzle cover (2) of a nut configuration having an outer circumferential surface,
of the first portion (7) and a second portion (8) being at least partially sealingly
mountable onto the open end of the drum body (3) the said cover (2) having a circular
primary chamber (9) and at least one secondary chamber (10) on the external side of
the primary chamber (9), the said secondary chamber is connected to the primary chamber
by means of a communication duct (11) positioned tangentically in relation to the
both said chambers and the secondary chamber (10) is tapered terminating in an orifice
(13) leading to the outside, and wherein the primary chamber (9) is in registration
with the aperture in the said shaft (4) and the height of the secondary chamber being
the thickness of the nozzle characterised in that the outer circumferential surface
(8) of the second portion is depressed and/or cut away and the first portion (7) includes
at least one secondary chamber (10) wherein the height of the secondary chamber equals
the thickness of the first portion (7) and the width of the communication duct (11)
is substantially larger than the diameter of the orifice (13), wherein nozzle cover
(2) is engaged to the drum body (3), and the flange (5) is in contact with the said
first portion, all the liquid ejected from the tank into the shaft (4) impinges on
the primary chamber (9), and is subsequently ejected through the communication ducts
(11) into the secondary chamber (10) from where it is ejected out into the environment
in a broad angle cone of spray via the orifice (13).
2. A nozzle head according to claim 1, substantially as described with reference to
the drawings.