BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
1. Field of the Invention
[0001] This invention relates to locks, more particularly to locks of the barrel and cylinder
type.
[0002] Thieves today have acquired the lock picking tools and the skills for use of them
on a sufficiently wide scope to create a significant demand for locks of enhanced
security. Such thieves are able to pick a barrel and cylinder type lock very quickly.
In particular this type of lock is commonly used for motor vehicle doors and ignition
switches and motor vehicle thefts are now increasingly commonly carried out in this
manner.
2. Description of the related art.
[0003] U.S. 4100777, P.A.G. Fredon, discloses a lock and key combination, the key having
a series of axially arranged pegs co-operating with holes in the lock as well as a
central blade co-operating with a similar shaped aperture in the lock.
[0004] U.S. 3992907, A. Pilvet, discloses a lock in which cylindrical spring-loaded pin
members are located in a rotatable barrel on axes parallel with but spaced from the
central axis of rotation, a key having rods of appropriate lengths to displace the
pins axially and compress the springs to bring the waists of the pins into registration
with a clutch control plate.
[0005] U.S. 3817066, R.S. Pearson, discloses a cylinder type lock having two coaxial cylinders,
and a rotatable cylinder slideably mounting a plurality of tumblers. The inner wall
of the outer cylinder has a radial opening as a terminal for the tumblers when a key
inserted into the lock contacts various pusher elements and positions all the associated
tumblers at the terminal simultaneously.
[0006] G.B. 1503526, Danilin et al, discloses a lock and key combination, the lock having
a plurality of different length pins located in bores of the housing co-operating
with a key having pins of varying length, the combined length of each key pin in the
bore together with the tumbler pin being equal to the length of the through bore thereby
displacing the pins in the housing and of the through bores in the drum and allowing
the drum to be rotated to unlock the lock mechanism.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
[0007] A lock in accordance with this invention comprises a barrel turnable in a cylinder,
a plurality of rods with rod formations at selected positions establishing a combination,
the rods slideably located in slotted holes arranged longitudinally in the barrel,
the rod formations projecting through the slots of the slotted holes into the inner
surface of the cylinder and movable by application of the appropriate combination
to coincide with a circumferentially disposed cylinder formation in the inner surface
of the cylinder and permit rotation of the barrel in the cylinder, the rods including
tabs located at selected positions establishing a further combination and acted on
by a suitable key of the appropriate combination.
[0008] Preferably the tabs project radially inwardly through slots of the slotted holes
into the key hole.
[0009] A further preferred or alternative feature is that the lock includes a key retaining
plate, preferably a front plate, having a slotted hole adapted to retain the key in
the lock except when the key is rotated to the insertion and withdrawal position.
[0010] The rods must be predisposed to adopt a position in which the rod formations do not
coincide with the circumferentially disposed cylinder formation until the correct
combination is applied, for example, by means of a key. For example, the rods are
preferably spring loaded axially.
[0011] The rod formations may comprise stops which project through the slots into longitudinally
disposed grooves in the inner surface of the cylinder and the circumferentially disposed
cylinder formation a circumferentially disposed groove in the inner surface of the
cylinder.
[0012] As an alternative to the use of stops on the rods which co-operate with a circumferentially
disposed groove in the cylinder a mechanical inversion can be employed thus in place
of each stop a gap in a wing where a stop would be, the wing longitudinally slideable
in a longitudinal slot in a circumferentially disposed notch in the inner surface
of the cylinder when the circumferentially disposed groove would be. The mechanical
locking and unlocking effect is the same.
[0013] The barrel is in an optional security enhanced embodiment provided with radially
oriented tumblers of conventional kind operated on by a key having conventional formations
simultaneously with the key operating on the rods with stops.
[0014] The number of rods may be varied as well as their disposition in the barrel thereby
increasing the effective number of different combinations. Although the rods may be
round, non circular cross sectional shapes will also allow an increase in the effective
number of combinations.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0015] The invention will be more fully described by way of examples with reference to the
accompanying drawings in which :
Figure 1 is an isometric view of a lock and key in accordance with the preferred embodiment
of the invention,
Figures 2, 3 and 4 are rear elevation, plan view and front elevation respectively
of the lock,
Figure 5 is a cross sectional plan view on Section V - V shown in figure 6,
Figure 6 is a cross sectional elevation of the lock on section VI - VI shown in figure
5,
Figure 7 is a cross sectional plan view on Section VII - VII shown in figure 6,
Figure 8 is an elevation of the key, and
Figure 9 is a plan view of the key.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
[0016] As shown in the drawings the lock comprises a barrel 1 turnable in a cylinder 2 and
five rods 3 each carrying a stop 4 at selected positions establishing a combination.
Each rod 3 furthermore comprises tabs 5 further establishing combinations. The rods
3 are slideably located in holes 41 arranged longitudinally in the barrel 1 with the
stops 4 projecting through slots 6 which communicate with the holes 41 thus establishing
slotted holes. The rods 3 are spring loaded by springs 7 so as to normally take up
the advantages of having both the stops 4 and tabs 5 in accordance with combinations
unique to each lock are two-fold, firstly that the number of potential combinations
is increased and secondly that the distance of the tabs 5 down the keyhole 8 of the
lock is variable in the lock position, thus further increasing the difficulty of the
lock picker to estimate what must be done in order to pick the lock. The holes 41
are thus slotted not only outwardly by the slot 6 but also inwardly by slots 9 which
permit the tabs 5 to extend from the rods 3 into the keyhole 8. The cylinder 2 has
longitudinally running grooves 10 in which the stops 4 run and which will hold the
barrel in the cylinder in a locked irrotational state until the correct combination
key is applied. A circumferential groove 11 runs around the inside of the cylinder
2 and when the correct combination is applied all of the stops 4 coincide with the
groove allowing the lock to be unlocked and rotated freely by the key. The cylinder
2 has a front plate 12 fixed to it having a hole 13 with slot 14 to receive the key.
The barrel 1 has fitted to its end terminal a portion 15 which rotates with the barrel
1 when the lock is unlocked and to this portion can be attached operative components
such as a tab, flange, plate or other component to be controlled by the lock. The
key 16 has a longitudinally running ridge 17 which is broken at 18 short of the boss
19 of the key. When the key is inserted it cannot be rotated because of the front
plate 12 until the ridge 17 is entirely within the front plate and the gap 18 then
allows the key to be rotated and it then cannot be withdrawn until it is turned back
again to the position in which it was first inserted. The distal end of the key has
a number of grooved formations 20 formed in it which correlate to the combination
of the lock which the key is to open. The length of each groove along the key shaft
relates to the combination and is selected to push the tab 5 of each rod 3 just the
right amount to bring the stop 4 in each case into line with the circumferential groove
11.
1. A lock which comprises a barrel turnable in a cylinder, a plurality of rods with
formations at selected positions establishing a combination, the rods slideably located
in slotted holes arranged longitudinally in the barrel, the formations projecting
through the slots of the slotted holes into recesses in the inner surface of the cylinder
the rods movable by application of a key of the appropriate combination for the formations
to coincide with a circumferentially disposed formation in the inner surface of the
cylinder and permit rotation of the barrel in the cylinder.
2. A lock as claimed in claim 1, in which the formations on the rods are stops which
project through the slots into longitudinally disposed grooves in the inner surface
of the cylinder and the circumferentially disposed formation in the inner surface
of the cylinder is a groove.
3. A lock as claimed in claim 1, in which the formations on the rods are gaps in wings
which project through the slots into recesses in the inner surface of the cylinder
and the circumferentially disposed formation in the inner surface of the cylinder
is a circumferential ridge, the wings intercepting the ridge in longitudinally disposed
slots.
4. A lock as claimed in claim 1, in which the rods carry radially inwardly directed
tabs movable in longitudinally directed slots, which tabs penetrate the front surface
of the lock to be acted on by combination established by longitudinally directed formations
of a key.
5. A lock as claimed in claim 4, with a key which comprises a rod having pins formed
around its surface, the pins being of variable axial length establishing a combination
and adapted to engage the tabs to release the lock when the rod of the key is inserted
into the lock.
6. A lock as claimed in claim 4, with a key which comprises a rod having grooves around
its surface of variable axial length establishing a combination and adapted to engage
the tabs to release the lock, which tabs project for this purpose into a hole in the
lock into which the rod of the key is inserted.
7. A lock as claimed in claim 1, in which the barrel is provided with radially oriented
tumblers of conventional kind operated on by a key simultaneously with the key operating
on the rods with stops.