[0001] This invention relates to a pipe duct structure for installation between floors of
a high-rise building for installation of floor-to-floor lengths of heating, plumbing,
air conditioning and comparable risers, the structure comprising a framework, at least
one support plate attached to the framework and having holes for the riser pipes,
and riser pipes lead through said holes and are supported by said plate.
[0002] A known pipe duct structure of this kind (US-A-3 381 313) is a sanitary installation
forming a whole wall for a bathroom and containing the support plate as intermediate
level. A floor opening for the pipes shall be filled with concrete but it is not mentioned
how this is done. This grouting is normally very difficult to do because the opening,
through which the pipes already go, has to be tightly covered from the underside before
the grouting can be done.
[0003] The object of the present invention is to introduce a pipe duct structure of the
abovenamed kind facilitating the grouting of the corresponding floor opening.
[0004] The present invention achieves this object in that said support plate forms a top
for the framework, covering the framework exclusive of the holes for the pipes, and
being a casting bed for grouting of the duct opening in the floor above the framework,
and that the lower ends of the pipes are free to move laterally. So the present invention
gives a very effective solution to the above problem because the top plate of the
framework while supporting the pipes also acts as a casting bed for the grouting.
[0005] In the pipe duct, in accordance with the invention, the upper level of the framework
acts as a casting bed, facilitating the grouting of the duct opening in the floor
slab to an even level with the rest of the surface. When this grouting is done, the
pipes penetrate the floor slab only by their lead-through elements, which guarantee
an air-tight and fire-proof lead-through. The through elements in FI patent applications
871234 and 874992 can economically be used for this purpose. On the other hand, as
the pipes are primarily fixed to the framework by their upper ends with these lead-through
elements, and are not necessarily fixed to any other part of the framework, their
lower ends can easily be moved laterally to the extent that they can be quickly and
easily aligned and connected with the top ends of pipes in a comparable duct element,
penetrating through the floor slab below. An exact top alignment of the duct elements,
located between the different floors, will thus become unnecessary.
[0006] The following is a more detailed description of the pipe duct, according to the invention
with references to the enclosed drawing, which illustrates a sample implementation
of the pipe duct, according to the invention, leaving out unessential structural details,
for the sake of clarity.
[0007] The pipe duct, shown in the drawing, comprises the framework 1, which is assembled
with sheet metal profiles, joined together at the seams by either riveting, sheet
metal screws, bolts or other comparable conventional methods, generally in the shape
of a rectangular frame. This frame is naturally dimensioned and shaped according to
each need, i.e. its dimensions and form are, on one hand, determined by the number
and dimensions of the pipes to be installed inside and, on the other hand, by the
position of the pipe duct in the room space. It is essential that the pipes can be
fitted compactly in the duct element. The solid upper level 6 (for framework 1 ) is
formed of e.g. metal sheeting and so is the solid intermediate level 11. The bottom
end of the framework 1 is left open, instead, and the vertical profiles 12. Exactly
dimensioned holes are cut in both the top level 6 and the intermediate level 11 for
pipes 2, 3, 4 and 5, to be installed in the framework 1. In the example, shown in
the drawing, pipe 2 is an air conditioning duct, pipe 3 a sewer pipe and pipes 4 and
5 are water pipes. After cutting the holes, the lead-through elements 7, 8, 9 and
10 for the pipes are fitted to upper level 6. These lead-through elements have an
external casing, which may be of e.g. plastic or metal, and inserted sleevelike gaskets
of e.g. synthetic rubber, where the central hole is dimensioned according to the pipes
to be installed in them. These through sleeves 7, 8, 9 and 10 are then mounted on
the upper level by a conventional method such as by a support flange 13, as shown
in lead-throughs 9 and 10. Reference to these lead-through elements and their supports
is found in the above-mentioned FI patent applications 871234 and 874992.
[0008] Pipes 2 and 3, which are the said air-conditioning and sewer pipes, are not supported
on the intermediate level 11, sufficiently large lead-through holes have instead been
cut for them on this level 11. Water pipes 4 and 5 are instead supported on this intermediate
level 11 by through elements 9 and 10, corresponding to elements 14 and 15. This support
of the water pipes 4 and 5 to the intermediate level 11 is done because this is a
way to prevent potential vibratory noise coming from the pipes, which is caused by
the use of the water supply. Single handle taps, in particular, have a tendency to
cause this type of vibration. The supporting of water pipes on the intermediate level
11 is also possible, because these pipes are of copper and thus rather flexible, and
will not hamper the lateral moving of their lower ends.
[0009] This would be the case with the air-conditioning duct and sewer pipes 2 and 3, which
is why they have not been supported on this intermediate level. This way, the lateral
mobility of the lower ends of all the pipes 2, 3, 4 and 5, remains good and the duct
elements to be installed on the different floors can now be easily connected to each
other, even when not fully aligned between the floors.
[0010] This connection of the pipes can in practice be carried out one by one and not even
a plumber is necessarily needed. The connection of the sewer pipe 3 can for example
be done by using a so-called expansion joint unit (not shown) at the lower end of
the pipe in the element. This expansion joint unit allows the axial moving of the
unit in question without its loosing its air tightness. The sewer pipe can thus be
extended simply by moving the bottom end of this expansion unit to the sewer pipe
and pressing it down until its lower end is inserted in the connecting sleeve of the
top end of the sewer pipe in the duct element below. No other connections are needed.
The connection of the air-conditioning duct can be done by a comparable method by
using a long extension (not shown). Water pipes are instead connected by a conventional
method, e.g. by soldering.
[0011] One of the characteristics of the duct element, in accordance with the invention,
to be mentioned, is that the pipes can be preinsulated prior to delivery to the work
site. Furthermore, since the pipes are already fitted to their framework, installation
at worksite will be essentially simpler. Of course the needed branch joints for the
pipe are built-in, they are, however, not shown in the drawing for the sake of clarity.
Branch joints for water pipes are thus most often connected to the lower end of the
framework, where they can be supported either by vertical or horizontal profile 12.
A branch of the air-conditioning duct 2 is most often connected to its upper end,
i.e. immediately below the top level. The simplest way to connect the sewer pipe junction
is to do it immediately above the lead-through element.
[0012] The most practical joint here would be a T pipe, including a connecting sleeve for
the connection of the following duct element. During the delivery of a duct element
of the type in the drawing and its installation, the pipes 2, 3, 4 and 5 are supported
to framework 1 by lead-through elements 7, 8, 9 and 10 and possibly also by lead-through
elements 14 and 15. There is sufficient friction between these lead-through elements
in practice to hold the pipes in place. This friction can easily be increased by forming
a suitable, ring-type protrusion or edge on the external surface of the part inserted
in the lead-through elements. On the water pipes, this edge can be made by compressing
a metal ring around the pipes and for the air-conditioning ducts and the plastic sewer
pipes, in particular, this can be made with e.g. a glued-on rubber or plastic ring.
This type of an extension on the surface of the pipe will, on one hand, increase friction
between the pipe and the through element and, on the other hand, guarantee that it
will stay in place during delivery and installment of the duct element and it will
also improve the air tightness of the lead-through element.
[0013] When a lead-through element, in accordance with the invention, is delivered to the
installation place, it is directly connected e.g. through a part of the framework
or an attached metal connector to either the wall structure or the floor slab above
by either plugging or by shot steel nails. The installation of the duct element can
be carried out either before the installation of floor slabs, such as hollow-core
slabs, or after this by lowering it to the hole reserved for it prior to the casting
of the slab. During the casting of the slab, the through hole, reserved for the duct
element, is also filled, whereby the top level 6 acts as the casting bed. It should
be mentioned that the installation of this duct element or the casting of the floor
slab on top of it do not require the actual connection of pipes, instead, the pipe
connections can be made afterwards, when so desired. The open structure of the framework
and particularly the lateral mobility of the lower ends of the pipes, provide a good
opportunity for this.
[0014] The duct element, in accordance with the invention, was in the above presented with
a single implementation example and it should be understood that this can be modified
in several ways, however, within the limits set by the patent claim. Therefore, the
total shape, number and location of the pipes in the element can be changed, when
needed. It is essential that the element have a solid upper level, which can be used
as a bed for casting and that the lower ends of the pipes can be laterally moved during
their possible connection into continuing risers, regardless of any mistakes in alignment
in the duct elements between the different floors.
1. A pipe duct structure for installation between floors of a high-rise building for
installation of floor-to-floor lengths of heating, plumbing, air conditioning and
comparable risers, the structure comprising a framework (1), at least one support
plate (6) attached to the framework and having holes for the riser pipes, and riser
pipes (2, 3, 4, 5) lead through said holes and are supported by said plate (6), characterized in that said support plate (6) forms a top for the framework (1), covering the framework
exclusive of the holes for the pipes (2, 3, 4, 5), and being a casting bed for grouting
of the duct opening in the floor above the framework, and that the lower ends of the
pipes are free to move laterally.
2. A pipe duct, according to Patent Claim 1, distinguished by the fact that the pipes (2, 3, 4 and 5) are fitted to the upper level (6) with
lead-through sockets (7, 8, 9 and 10).
3. A pipe duct, according to Patent Claim 1 or 2, distinguished by the fact that the framework comprises a minimum of one intermediate level (11)
onto which at least some of the pipes are supported, in addition to their fittings
to the upper level (6).
4. A pipe duct in accordance with some previous patent claim, distinguished by that the bottom end of the framework (1) is open.
1. Rohrführungskonstruktion zur Installation zwischen den Geschossen eines Hochhauses,
die Abschnitte von Heizungsrohren, Gas- und Wasserrohren, Rohren von Klimaanlagen
und vergleichbaren Steigrohrleitungen aufnimmt, die von Geschoß zu Geschoß geführt
werden, wobei die Konstruktion ein Rahmengerüst (1), mindestens eine mit dem Rahmengerüst
verbundene und mit Öffnungen für die Steigrohrleitungen versehene Auflageplatte (6)
sowie durch die besagten Öffnungen geführte und von der besagten Platte (6) gestützte
Steigrohrleitungen (2, 3, 4, 5) umfaßt, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die besagte Auflageplatte (6) eine Abdeckung für das Rahmengerüst (1) bildet,
die das Rahmengerüst mit Ausnahme der Öffnungen für die Rohre (2, 3, 4, 5) abdeckt
und ein Gießbett für das Eingießen der Rohrführung in den Boden oberhalb des Rahmengerüstes
bildet, sowie dadurch, daß die unteren Enden der Rohre zur Seite hin frei beweglich
sind.
2. Rohrführung nach Patentanspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Rohre (2, 3, 4 und 5) an der oberen Ebene (6) mit Durchführungsmuffen (7,
8, 9 und 10) befestigt sind.
3. Rohrführung nach Patentanspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Rahmengerüst mindestens eine Zwischenebene (11) enthält, von der mindestens
einige der Rohre zusätzlich zu ihren Befestigungen an der oberen Ebene (6) gestützt
werden.
4. Rohrführung nach einem der vorstehenden Patentansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das untere Ende des Rahmengerüstes (1) offen ist.
1. Structure de conduits pour être installée entre les différents étages d'un immeuble,
destinée à l'installation d'étage à étage de segments de conduits ascendants de chauffage,
plomberie, climatisation et similaires, la structure comportant une ossature (1),
au moins une plaque support (6) fixée sur l'ossature et munie de trous pour le passage
des conduits ascendants ainsi que des conduits ascendants (2, 3, 4, 5) acheminés par
lesdits trous et soutenus par ladite plaque (6), caractérisé par le fait que ladite plaque support (6) forme une chape pour l'ossature (1), recouvrant l'ensemble
de l'ossature à l'exception des trous conçus pour le passage des conduits (2, 3, 4,
5) et servant de support de coulée pour le jointoiement de l'ouverture de conduit
située dans le plancher au-dessus de l'ossature, et par le fait que les extrémités
inférieures des conduits sont à mouvement libre dans le sens latéral.
2. Système de conduits selon la revendication 1, caractérisé par le fait que les conduits (2, 3, 4 et 5) sont fixés au niveau supérieur à l'aide de raccords
de traversée (7, 8, 9 et 10).
3. Système de conduits selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé par le fait que la structure comporte au minimum un niveau intermédiaire (11) disposant de fixations
pour certains des conduits, outre leurs fixations au niveau supérieur (6).
4. Système de conduits selon une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé par le fait
que l'extrémité inférieure de l'ossature (1) est ouverte.