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EP 0 521 006 B1 |
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EUROPEAN PATENT SPECIFICATION |
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Mention of the grant of the patent: |
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14.09.1994 Bulletin 1994/37 |
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Date of filing: 08.03.1991 |
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International Patent Classification (IPC)5: E05B 27/00 |
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International application number: |
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PCT/NO9100/037 |
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International publication number: |
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WO 9114/064 (19.09.1991 Gazette 1991/22) |
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CYLINDER LOCK
ZYLINDERSCHLOSS
SERRURE A CYLINDRES
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Designated Contracting States: |
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AT BE CH DE DK ES FR GB GR IT LI NL SE |
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Priority: |
12.03.1990 NO 901133
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Date of publication of application: |
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07.01.1993 Bulletin 1993/01 |
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Proprietor: TrioVing a.s. |
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N-1522 Moss (NO) |
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Inventor: |
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- Pedersen, Kai
N-0662 Oslo (NO)
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Representative: Rackham, Stephen Neil et al |
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GILL JENNINGS & EVERY,
Broadgate House,
7 Eldon Street London EC2M 7LH London EC2M 7LH (GB) |
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References cited: :
EP-A- 0 298 600
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US-A- 3 990 281
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Note: Within nine months from the publication of the mention of the grant of the European
patent, any person may give notice to the European Patent Office of opposition to
the European patent
granted. Notice of opposition shall be filed in a written reasoned statement. It shall
not be deemed to
have been filed until the opposition fee has been paid. (Art. 99(1) European Patent
Convention).
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[0001] This invention relates to an improvement of cylinder locks of the type which comprises
a plug with a key channel, a housing surrounding the plug and an intermediate sleeve
provided between the plug and the housing and adapted to be rotated about the same
axis as the plug, as well as a number of through bores for locking pins being divided
and adapted to be shifted in their longitudinal direction in the bores by means of
a key inserted in the key channel.
[0002] The invention in particular is directed to providing a cylinder lock having substantially
increased security against unauthorized tampering in attempts of non-permitted intrusion
by opening a door being locked. A particular form for tampering in this connection
is a method involving the use of a key blank and successively by simultaneously applying
a strong torque and bending of the key blank, for causing the various bottom or tumbler
pins in the cylinder lock to emboss more or less weak markings on the key blank. Thereafter
these markings can be used for filing down the blank and gradually approximating towards
the correct key which makes it possible to open the lock. In expert circles the method
is referred to as "impressioning".
[0003] Numerous proposals are previously known, directed to improving the security in lock
designs. As examples reference can be made to European patent application publication
No. 212.468, GB patent application No.2.222.201, SE published application No. 427.483
and US patents Nos. 4.351.171, 1.434.483 and 2.295.737, and more specifically US patents
Nos. 4.386.510, 3.990.281 and 4.282.731 as well as European patent application No.
06765.
[0004] US patent 3.990.281 is of interest since it aims at the prevention of tampering by
"impressioning", and in principle involves functions which to some extent are similar
to the solution according to the present invention.
[0005] The invention provides a cylinder lock as previously detailed, in which each of the
locking pins is divided into a bottom pin, a number of thin dividing pins, a code
pin and an upper pin, for establishing a first shear surface between the plug and
the sleeve and a second shear surface between the sleeve and the housing upon insertion
of a correct key, the sleeve has a radial dimension being sufficiently large to accommodate
the whole length of a code pin and a portion of an upper pin, the thin dividing pins
are located between each code pin and an associated bottom pin, an additional bore
for a separate auxiliary pin is provided in the housing and the sleeve, adapted to
be engaged by surfaces on the plug so that the blocking effect of the auxiliary pin
with respect to the sleeve in relation to the housing, is released when the plug is
rotated through a given angle in relation to the sleeve, and drive means is adapted
to transfer rotational movement of the plug beyond said given angle, into movement
of a blocking member for a lock, for example a locking bolt.
[0006] Additional specific features and advantages of the invention will appear from the
following description with reference to the drawings, in which:
- Fig. 1
- shows a schematic longitudinal section through a cylinder lock according to an embodiment
of the invention,
- Fig. 2
- shows a schematic cross section along the line II-II in fig. 1,
- Fig. 3
- shows in principle another embodiment according to the invention, in cross section,
- Fig. 4
- shows a partial and enlarged cross section of a detail Of the embodiment in fig. 3,
- Fig. 5
- shows in schematic longitudinal section corresponding to fig. 1, a third embodiment
according to the invention,
- Fig. 6
- shows a longitudinal section perpendicular to the section according to fig. 5, and
- Fig. 7
- shows a schematic cross section along the line VII-VII in fig. 5.
[0007] Figures 1 and 2 show the common components of the cylinder lock in the form of a
plug 1, a housing 3 and a number of locking pins located in bores 11 - 17, whereby
the assembled locking pin in bore 11 nearest to the opening of the key channel 2,
is denoted 21.
[0008] As shown with respect to locking pin 21 each locking pin comprises several parts,
including an upper pin 21A being under the influence of a compression spring 21C,
and a tumbler or bottom pin 21B which has a somewhat pointed lower end adapted to
be engaged by the various faces or bits on a key being inserted into the key channel
2. The particular subdivision and the other parts of the locking pins in fig. 1 shall
be discussed more closely below.
[0009] A hollow cylindrical intermediate sleeve 5 is arranged to be rotatable between the
housing 3 and the plug 1. The mutual rotation between these three parts will of course
depend upon the position of the locking pins in bores 11 - 17, all these penetrating
from housing 3 through sleeve 5 and into plug 1.
[0010] As a result of the provision of sleeve 5, which plays a substantial role for the
locking function, there are established two surfaces or levels for possible divisions
or sheares so that a plug 1 and sleeve 5 respectively, can be rotated in relation
to each other and in relation to housing 3, provided that a correct positioning of
the individual locking pins 11 - 17, is brought about by insertion of a correct key.
What is essential, however, for an increased security in this connection, is an auxiliary
pin 20 consisting of an upper part 20A and a lower part 20B both of which in similarity
to the other pin parts, are under the influence of a compression spring in its bore
19. Normally the auxiliary pin 20 (in the position shown in fig. 1) will block sleeve
5 against rotation in relation to housing 3. When, however, a key is used which releases
plug 1 for rotation in relation to sleeve 5, a cut-away part 1B which is engaged by
auxiliary pin part 20B will be displaced by rotation so that the end of pin part 20B
upon rotation through a sufficient angle (see fig. 2) will engage the actual cylindrical
periphery of plug 1. Since the length of the lower part 20B of auxiliary pin 20 is
equal to the radial thickness of sleeve 5 this also leads to the release of sleeve
5 for rotation in relation to housing 3.
[0011] Such continued rotation of sleeve 5 by using a correct key, is adapted to bring about
the actual movements of the blocking member of the lock, for example a locking bolt.
An axial stud 9 at the end of sleeve 5 is provided for this purpose.
[0012] At the inner end of plug 1 there is a drive mechanism 7 which transfers the torque
from an inserted key through plug 1 to sleeve 5 when the above blocking by auxiliary
pin 20 is removed. It is just this required angle of rotation between plug 1 and sleeve
5 for displacing auxiliary pin 20, which to a substantial degree eliminates the possibility
of the particular form of tampering which was discussed at the beginning of this description.
[0013] Moreover it is obvious that the two shear surfaces being established at the inside
and at the outside respectivly of sleeve 5, makes it possible to code the locking
pin assembly in a high number of different ways. Each such locking pin 21 thus comprises
a particular code pin 21D and a number of dividing pins 21E between the code pin and
the bottom pin 21B. Whereas the upper pin 21A normally has the same length in all
bores 11 - 17, the bottom pin 21D advantageously can have one of two predetermined
lengths, which in combination with individually selected lengths of the respective
code pins, constitutes the total key code which can be implemented in each individual
lock.
[0014] As will appear in particular from fig. 2, the cut-away face 1B which co-operates
with auxiliary pin 20 is a plane surface, but it is obvious that this surface can
be shaped in various manners in order to perform its cam-like function.
[0015] Fig. 2 further shows in a schematic way how a divided locking pin is raised by means
of a key inserted in the key channel 2. Besides fig. 2 shows more in detail a device
for releasable mutual fixation of plug 1 and sleeve 5 in a normal angular position
or central position. A projecting member in the form of a ball 25 lies in a bore 26
in plug 1 under the influence of a compression spring 27 and can be pressed out to
engage a groove 28 in the surrounding sleeve 5. Obviously this arrangement could be
inverted, i.e. with ball 25 lying at the end of a bore in the sleeve for engaging
a groove or a depression in plug surface 1A. This positioning device serves to bring
sleeve 5 back to its normal central position when the key is turned back after opening
the lock.
[0016] It is obvious that a cylinder lock according to the principles of figs. 1 and 2 can
be provided with internal steel rods or the like so as to make it difficult to break
the lock by boring holes at different points, in particular in the area of the locking
pins. In this connection it is an advantage to locate the auxiliary pin 20 axially
innermost in the lock, i.e. as far as possible away from that side of the lock which
is accessible, namely to the left in fig. 1, where the opening into the key channel
2 is found.
[0017] The embodiment in fig. 3 specifically aims at saving space and makes it possible
to employ the improved design according to the invention, also in a type of lock of
a certain standard which is available commercially. The actual lock housing 33 here
has a generally oval shape with a width which is not much larger than the diameter
of the plug 31 of the lock. The intermediate sleeve here has the shape of a hollow
cylindrical sector 35 which may be considered cut out from a complete hollow cylinder
as shown in figs. 1 and 2. The sector-shaped sleeve 35, however, comprises the parts
of such a sleeve which are essential to the function described. Even though locking
pins and an auxiliary pin have not been indicated in fig. 3, these are provided in
a manner fully corresponding to what is found in the embodiment of figs. 1 and 2.
Housing 33 in fig. 3 has a cavity or chamber which covers an angular range between
side walls 37A and 37B so that sleeve 35 can move within these limitations. In this
particular embodiment the blocking effect of the auxiliary pin between housing 33
and sleeve 35 is released upon a rather small angular displacement from the central
position. Thus at 31B there is indicated a form of incision in the cylinder surface
31A which in contrast to cam face 1B on the plug 1 in figs. 1 and 2, has a very short
extension along the periphery, with an associated small operational angle as mentioned
above. This has a relationship to the reduced total rotational movement which is possible
in the embodiment of fig. 3. Thus in this embodiment it is the plug 31 itself which
carries the drive member for transferring rotation from an inserted key through plug
31 directly to a blocking member for the locking function, for example a locking bolt.
[0018] In the embodiment of fig. 3 an additional pin is required, as shown in the enlarged
cross-sectional view of fig. 4. Radially through the intermediate sleeve 35 there
is provided a bore 41 for a pin 40 which by means of a compression spring 42 is urged
radially outwards against the inner cylindrical surface of the surrounding housing
33. In the angular position shown in fig. 4 the inner end 40A of pin 40 engages a
short peripheric groove 31C in plug surface 31A, so that this engagement makes the
sleeve 35 rotate together with plug 31 when a correct key has been inserted and is
turned. When, however, this rotation has brought the pin into a certain angle (at
the right in fig 4) to a recess 33A in the cylindrical surface of the housing, pin
40 will be pressed out and the above engagement in the peripheric groove 31C is terminated.
Apparently this will take place when the aforementioned small angle determined by
the cam face and/or the incision 31B has been exceeded, but before sleeve 35 abutts
against the side wall 37B of the chamber in housing 33. When plug 31 has become free
to be further rotated in relation to sleeve 35, a sufficient rotation can be performed
by the plug in order to cause the required movement of the blocking member in the
lock.
[0019] The embodiment of figs. 3 and 4 in practice will be considered somewhat less secure
than the embodiment of figs. 1 and 2, but anyhow will be completely useful in many
instances, in particular when the question of space and the commonly used standard
locks with associated lock casing and so forth are taken into consideration. In principle,
however, the embodiment of figs. 3 and 4 will give the same protection against the
particular form of tampering ("impressioning") as the embodiment first described above.
[0020] Figs. 5, 6 and 7, however, show a further embodiment which represents an improvement
in relation to the one in figs. 1 and 2 as far as security is concerned. The improvement
is related to a specific solution regarding the auxiliary pin and its function.
[0021] In figs. 5, 6 and 7 there is again a plug 51, an intermediate sleeve 55 and a housing
53 as well as other components found in the embodiment of figs. 1 and 2, including
a number of locking pins 51A-F. Instead of a separate radial auxiliary pin in line
with the locking pins as in figs. 1 and 2, the embodiment of figs. 5, 6 and 7 has
an auxiliary pin 60 lying in principle parallel to the axis of the plug. More particularly
this auxiliary pin is located with the main portion of its length in a bore in the
sleeve and normally projects with an end part 64 into a bore 53A in the surrounding
housing 53. A compression spring 61 serves to push auxiliary pin 60 into bore 53A.
Thus in this normal position sleeve 51 is rotatably locked to housing 53.
[0022] Release of this lock or blocking effect takes place by means of cam surfaces formed
by edge portions of a recess 66 in the surface of plug 51. A radial stud 62 on auxiliary
pin 60 co-operates with recess 66 for this prupose. Stud 62 projects through an elongated
groove 55B in the intermediate sleeve so that it can enter into recess 66.
[0023] As shown more clearly in fig. 5 recess 66 is approximately heart-shaped, having a
crest or top point 66C and edge portions 66A and 66B tapering outwards from this point
and extending in this example at angles symmetrically in relation to the longitudinal
axis. From the opposite side in relation to point 66C a tongue 66D projects in a direction
towards top point 66C and has its end located at a distance from point 66C greater
than the lateral dimension of stud 62. In the normal position (as appears in particular
from fig. 6) this stud has a rest just in top point 66C, which in actual practice
will be represented by a rounding between the tapered edges 66A and 66B. Between these
tapered edges and the tongue 66D there is all the way a sufficient space for stud
62 to be displaced while guided by these tapered edges outwards and inwards in relation
to top point 66C.
[0024] With such a cam-like recess 6 rotation of plug 51 in relation to sleeve 55 will result
in retraction of auxiliary pin 60 from bore 53A against the influence of spring 61,
whereby a sufficient mutual rotational angle leads to removal of the rotational blocking
between housing 53 and sleeve 55. In this respect the effect will be quite analogous
to what is obtained by the auxiliary pin 20 and the cut-away cam part 1B on the plug
in the embodiment of figs. 1 and 2. Because of its position, however, the auxiliary
pin 60 is less subject to various forms of tampering or attempts to break the lock.
[0025] An important detail regarding the recess 66 consists therein that the end of the
projecting tongue 66D has an end surface which faces the stud 62 at a relatively small
spacing therefrom, so that possible attempts of boring opposite the end 64 of auxiliary
pin 60, will not allow the auxiliary pin to be pushed inwards, because the stud 62
in such case wil abutt the end of tongue 66D. In this connection it is remarked that
auxiliary pin 60 may also be oriented in an opposite manner, i.e. with the end part
64 directed to the left in figs. 5 and 6, with corresponding inverting of the recess
66.
[0026] Finally this embodiment has advantages with respect to centering of the plug for
retraction of the key after use. Tapering edges 66A and 66B together with spring 61
will bring plug 51 to be centered by having stud 61 pressed towards top point 66C.
A dual function is obtained thereby, namely this centering effect in addition to removal
of the blocking between housing 53 and sleeve 55. Compared to the embodiment of figs.
1 and 2, where particular structural elements 25 - 28 serve for the centering, a simplification
is then obtained here. The simplification also applies to the auxiliary pin itself,
which in figs. 5 and 6 is made up by a single element. Moreover the latter embodiment
has the advantage of reducing the total length of the lock arrangement.
1. Cylinder lock comprising
- a plug (1, 31) having a key channel (2, 32),
- a housing (3, 33) surrounding the plug and
- an intermediate sleeve (5, 35) provided between the plug (1, 31) and the housing
(3, 33) and adapted to be rotated about the same axis (10, 50) as the plug, as well
as
- a number of through bores (11-17) for divided locking pins (21) adapted to be shifted
in their longitudinal direction in the bores by means of a key inserted into the key
channel (2, 32),
characterized in that
- each of the locking pins is subdivided to a bottom pin (21B), a number of thin dividing
pins (21E), a code pin (21D) and an upper pin (21A), for establishing a first shear
surface between the plug (1, 31) and the sleeve (5, 35) and a second shear surface
between the sleeve (5, 35) and the housing (3, 33), upon insertion of a correct key,
- the intermediate sleeve (5, 35) has a sufficiently large radial thickness so as
to accommodate the whole length of a code pin (21D) and a portion of an upper pin
(21A),
- the thin dividing pins (21E) are located between each code pin (21D) and the associated
bottom pin (21D),
- an additional bore (19) for separate auxiliary pin (20) is provided in the housing
(3, 33) and the sleeve (5, 35), adapted to be engaged by surfaces (1A, 1B, 31A, 31B)
on the plug (1, 31) so that the blocking effect of the auxiliary pin with respect
to the sleeve (5, 35) in relation to the housing (3, 33) is released when the plug
(1, 31) is rotated through a given angle in relation to the sleeve, and
- drive means (7, 9) is adapted to transfer the rotation of the plug beyond said given
angle, into movement of a blocking member in a lock, for example a locking bolt.
2. Cylinder lock according to claim 1,
characterized in that the auxiliary pin (20) is located axially inwardly of the locking pins (21)
as seen in relation to the opening of the key channel.
3. Cylinder lock according to claim 1 or 2,
characterized in that said surfaces on the plug (1) comprise a preferably plane cut-away part (1B)
from the adjacent cylindrical surface (1A) of the plug.
4. Cylinder lock according to claim 1, 2 or 3,
characterized in that there is provided a spring-actuated projecting member (25) at one (1) of
the parts comprising the plug (1) and the sleeve (5), and a complementary groove (28)
at the other (5) of these parts, for a releasable mutual fixation of the plug (1)
and the sleeve (5) in a normal angular position.
5. Cylinder lock according to claim 1,
characterized in that the auxiliary pin (60) is located parallel to the axis of the plug (51) with
a substantial portion of its length in a bore in the sleeve (55) and an end part (64)
being adapted to enter into a bore (53A) in the housing (53) under the influence of
a spring (61), and that a radially inwards projecting stud (62) on the auxiliary pin
(60) enters through a groove (55B) in the sleeve (55) into a cam-like recess (66)
at the surface of the plug (51), for releasing said blocking effect by axial shifting
of the auxiliary pin (60) against the spring influence, by said rotation of the plug
in relation to the sleeve.
6. Cylinder lock according to claim 5,
characterized in that said cam-like recess (66) has an approximate heart shape with two tapering
edges (66A, 66B) which in relation to the axial direction diverge from a top point
(66C) in which the stud (62) on the auxiliary pin (60) normally has its rest, and
that an axially projecting tongue (66D) from the opposite side of the recess (66)
protrudes towards the top point (66C) with a spacing therefrom somewhat larger than
the lateral dimension of the stud (62).
7. Cylinder lock according to any one of claims 1-6,
characterized in that the intermediate sleeve (5) has a hollow cylindrical shape and substantially
encloses the plug (1) and is itself substantially surrounded by the housing (3).
8. Cylinder lock according to claim 7,
characterized in that drive means (7) provide for rotation of the sleeve (5) together with the
plug (1) when the latter is rotated beyond said given angle, and that a member (9)
of the sleeve is adapted to move a blocking member in a lock, for example a locking
bolt.
9. Cylinder lock according to any one of claims 1-4,
characterized in that the intermediate sleeve (35) has the shape of a hollow cylinder sector comprising
an angle being substantially less than 180° and being adapted to be moved in a sector-shaped
chamber in the housing (33) having an angular extension between side walls (37A, 37B)
somwhat larger than the angle of the hollow cylinder sector, and that a member of
the plug (31) is adapted to move a blocking member in a lock, for example a locking
bolt.
10. Cylinder lock according to claim 9,
characterized by additionally comprising a radially moveable pin (40) provided in a bore (41) in the
sleeve (35) and adapted to have its inner end (40A) engage a short peripheric groove
(31C) on the plug (31) and to be urged under spring actuation with its opposite end
against the inner cylindrical surface of the housing (33), and that the cylindrical
surface of the housing at a certain angular position has a depression (33A) for said
opposite end of the pin (40) so that a blocking effect between the groove (31C) and
said inner end (40A) is released to allow continued rotation of the plug (31) for
opening the lock.
1. Zylinderschloß, mit
- einem Stopfen (1, 31) mit einem Schlüsselkanal (2, 32),
- einem den Stopfen umgebenden Gehäuse (3, 33), und
- einer Zwischenhülse (5, 35), die zwischen dem Stopfen (1, 31) und dem Gehäuse (3,
33) vorgesehen und um dieselbe Achse (10, 50) wie der Stopfen drehbar ist, sowie
- einer Anzahl von Durchgangsbohrungen (11-17) für unterteilte Sperrstifte (21), die
in ihrer Längsrichtung in den Bohrungen mit Hilfe eines in den Schlüsselkanal (2,
32) eingeführten Schlüssels verschiebbar sind,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß
- jeder der Sperrstifte in einen unteren Stift (21B), eine Anzahl dünner Unterteilungsstifte
(21E), einen Kodierungsstift (21D) und einen oberen Stift (21A) unterteilt ist, um
eine erste Scherfläche zwischen dem Stopfen (1, 31) und der Hülse (5, 35) und eine
zweite Scherfläche zwischen der Hülse (5, 35) und dem Gehäuse (3, 33) nach Einführen
eines richtigen Schlüssels zu errichten,
- die Zwischenhülse (5, 35) eine ausreichend große radiale Dicke hat, um die gesamte
Länge eines Kodierungsstiftes (21D) und eines Teiles eines oberen Stiftes (21A) aufzunehmen,
- die dünnen Unterteilungsstifte (21E) zwischen jedem Kodierungsstift (21D) und dem
zugeordneten unteren Stift (21D) angeordnet sind,
- eine zusätzliche Bohrung (19) für einen gesonderten Hilfsstift (20) im Gehäuse (3,
33) vorgesehen ist und die Hülse (5, 35) von Oberflächen (1A, 1B, 31A, 31B) auf dem
Stopfen (1, 31) ergreifbar ist, so daß der Blockierungseffekt des Hilfsstiftes im
Hinblick auf die Hülse (5, 35) gegenüber dem Gehäuse (3, 33) aufgehoben wird, wenn
der Stopfen (1, 31) um einen vorgegebenen Winkel bezüglich der Hülse verdreht wird,
und
- Antriebsmittel (7, 9) dafür ausgelegt sind, eine Drehung des Stopfens über den vorgegebenen
Winkel hinaus auf eine Bewegung eines Blockierelementes in einem Schloß, beispielsweise
eines Sperrbolzens, zu übertragen.
2. Zylinderschloß nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Hilfsstift (20) axial
einwärts der Sperrstifte (21), gesehen in Bezug auf die Öffnung des Schlüsselkanales,
angeordnet ist.
3. Zylinderschloß nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die genannten Oberflächen
auf dem Stopfen (1) einen bevorzugt flach abgeschnittenen Teil (1B) von der benachbarten
zylinderischen Oberfläche (1A) des Stopfens umfassen.
4. Zylinderschloß nach Anspruch 1, 2 oder 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß auf einem (1)
der Teile Stopfen (1) und Hülse (5) ein federbetätigtes Vorsprungelement (25) und
auf dem anderen (5) dieser Teile eine komplementäre Nut (28) zur lösbaren gegenseitigen
Festlegung des Stopfens (1) und der Hülse (5) in einer normalen Winkelstellung vorgesehen
ist.
5. Zylinderschloß nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Hilfsstift (60) parallel
zur Achse des Stopfens (51) liegt, wobei ein wesentlicher Teil seiner Länge in einer
Bohrung der Hülse (55) liegt und ein Endteil (64) dafür ausgelegt ist, in eine Bohrung
(53A) im Gehäuse (53) unter dem Einfluß einer Feder (61) einzutreten, und daß ein
radial einwärts vorragender Ansatz (62) auf dem Hilfsstift (60) durch eine Nut (55B)
in der Hülse (55) in eine steuernockenartige Ausnehmung (66) an der Oberfläche des
Stopfens (51) tritt, um den genannten Blockierungseffekt durch eine Axialverschiebung
des Hilfsstiftes (60) gegen die Federkraft aufzuheben, und zwar durch die genannte
Verdrehung des Stopfens gegenüber der Hülse.
6. Zylinderschloß nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die steuernockenartige
Ausnehmung (66) annähernd Herzform mit zwei sich verjüngenden Kanten (66A, 66B) hat,
welche bezüglich der Axialrichtung von einer Spitze (66C) aus divergieren, in welcher
der Ansatz (62) auf dem Hilfsstift (60) normalerweise seine Ruhestellung hat, und
daß eine axial vorragende Zunge (66D) von der gegenüberliegenden Seite der Ausnehmung
(66) in Richtung auf die Spitze (66C) mit einem Abstand zu dieser Spitze vorspringt,
der etwas größer ist als die Querabmessung des Ansatzes (62).
7. Zylinderschloß nach einem der Ansprüche 1-6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Zwischenhülse
(5) Hohlzylinderform hat, im wesentlichen den Stopfen (1) einschließt und ihrerseits
im wesentlichen vom Gehäuse (3) umgeben ist.
8. Zylinderschloß nach Anspruch 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß Antriebsmittel (7) eine
Verdrehung der Hülse (5) zusammen mit dem Stopfen (1) bewirken, wenn letzterer über
den vorgegebenen Winkel hinaus verdreht wird, und daß ein Element (9) der Hülse dafür
ausgelegt ist, ein Blockierelement in einem Schloß zu bewegen, beispielsweise einen
Sperrbolzen.
9. Zylinderschloß nach einem der Ansprüche 1-4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Zwischenhülse
(35) die Form eines Hohlzylindersektors mit einem Winkel hat, der im wesentlichen
kleiner als 180° ist, und in einer sektorförmigen Kammer im Gehäuse (33) bewegbar
ist, die eine Winkelerstreckung zwischen den Seitenwänden (37A, 37B) hat, welche geringfügig
größer ist als der Winkel des Hohlzylindersektors ist, und daß ein Element des Stopfens
(31) dafür ausgelegt ist, ein Blockierelement in einem Schloß zu bewegen, beispielsweise
einen Sperrbolzen.
10. Zylinderschloß nach Anspruch 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß es zusätzlich einen radial
bewegbaren Stift (40) aufweist, der in einer Bohrung (41) in der Hülse (35) vorgesehen
ist und dafür ausgelegt ist, mit seinem inneren Ende (40A) in eine kurze Umfangsnut
(31C) auf dem Stopfen (31) einzugreifen und unter Federbelastung mit seinem gegenüberliegenden
Ende gegen die zylindrische Innenfläche des Gehäuses (33) gepreßt zu werden, und daß
die zylindrische Oberfläche des Gehäuses an einer bestimmten Winkelposition eine Vertiefung
(33A) für dieses gegenüberliegende Ende des Stiftes (40) hat, so daß ein Blockierungseffekt
zwischen der Nut (31C) und dem genannten inneren Ende (40A) aufgehoben wird, um eine
fortgesetzte Verdrehung des Stopfens (31) zum Öffnen des Schlosses zu ermöglichen.
1. Serrure à cylindre comprenant :
- un barillet (1, 31) possédant une entrée de clef (2, 32);
- une enveloppe (3, 33) entourant le barillet, et
- un manchon intermédiaire (5, 35) prévu entre le barillet (1, 31) et l'enveloppe
(3, 33) et destiné à tourner autour du même axe (10, 50) que le barillet, ainsi
- qu'une pluralité d'alésages traversants (11-17) pour des goupilles de blocage divisées
(21) destinées à être déplacées dans leur direction longitudinale dans les alésages
au moyen d'une clef insérée dans l'entrée de clef (2, 32);
caractérisée en ce que :
- chacune des goupilles de blocage est subdivisée en une goupille de fond (21B), plusieurs
fines goupilles de division (21E), une goupille de codage (21D) et une goupille supérieure
(21A) pour établir une première surface de cisaillement entre le barillet (1, 31)
et le manchon (5, 35) et une deuxième surface de cisaillement entre le manchon (5,
35) et l'enveloppe (3, 33) lors de l'insertion d'une clef correcte;
- le manchon intermédiaire (5, 35) possède une épaisseur radiale suffisamment grande
pour loger toute la longueur d'une goupille de codage (21D) et une partie d'une goupille
supérieure (21A);
- les fines goupilles de division (21E) sont situées entre chaque goupille de codage
(21D) et la goupille de fond correspondante (21B);
- un alésage supplémentaire (19) pour une goupille auxiliaire séparée (20) est prévu
dans l'enveloppe (3, 33) et le manchon (5, 35) destiné à être attaqué par les surfaces
(1A, 1B, 31A, 31B) sur le barillet (1, 31), de sorte que l'effet bloquant sur la goupille
auxiliaire par rapport au manchon (5, 35) en relation avec l'enveloppe (3, 33) soit
libéré lorsque le barillet (1, 31) est tourné d'un angle donné par rapport au manchon,
et
- en ce qu'un moyen d'entraînement (7, 9) est destiné à transférer la rotation du
barillet au-delà dudit angle donné en un mouvement d'un élément de blocage dans une
serrure, par exemple un pêne de fermeture.
2. Serrure à cylindre selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que la goupille auxiliaire
(20) est située axialement vers l'intérieur des goupilles de blocage (21), vu par
rapport à l'ouverture de l'entrée de clef.
3. Serrure à cylindre selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisée en ce que lesdites
surfaces sur le barillet (1) comprennent une partie découpée de préférence plane (1B)
à partir de la surface cylindrique adjacente (1A) du barillet.
4. Serrure à cylindre selon la revendication 1, 2 ou 3, caractérisée en ce qu'elle comprend
un élément en saillie actionné par ressort (25) au niveau d'une (1) des parties comprenant
le barillet (1) et le manchon (5) et une rainure complémentaire (28) au niveau de
l'autre (5) de ces parties, pour une fixation mutuelle libérable du barillet (1) et
du manchon (5) dans une position angulaire normale.
5. Serrure à cylindre selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que la goupille auxiliaire
(60) est située parallèlement à l'axe du barillet (51) avec une partie substantielle
de sa longueur dans un alésage dans le manchon (55) et une partie d'extrémité (64)
destinée à pénétrer dans un alésage (53A) dans le boitier (53) sous l'influence d'un
ressort (61) et en ce qu'un goujon (62) faisant saillie radialement vers l'intérieur
sur la goupille auxiliaire (60) traverse une rainure (55B) dans le manchon (55) et
pénètre dans une cavité formant came (66) à la surface du barillet (51) pour relâcher
ledit effet bloquant par déplacement axial de la goupille auxiliaire (60) contre l'influence
du ressort, par ladite rotation du barillet par rapport au manchon.
6. Serrure à cylindre selon la revendication 5, caractérisée en ce que la cavité formant
came (66) est approximativement en forme de coeur avec deux bords en pente (66A, 66B)
qui, par rapport à la direction axiale, divergent d'un point supérieur (66C) dans
lequel le goujon (62) sur la goupille auxiliaire (60) repose normalement et qu'une
languette (66D) faisant saillie axialement à partir du côté opposé de la cavité (66)
s'étend vers le point supérieur (66C) dont elle est espacée d'une distance légèrement
supérieure à la dimension latérale du goujon (62).
7. Serrure à cylindre selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisée en
ce que le manchon intermédiaire (5) possède une forme cylindrique creuse, enferme
essentiellement le barillet (1) et est lui-même essentiellement entouré par l'enveloppe
(3).
8. Serrure à cylindre selon la revendication 7, caractérisée en ce que le moyen d'entraînement
(7) assure la rotation du manchon (5) avec le barillet (1) lorsque ce dernier est
tourné au-delà dudit angle donné et en ce qu'un élément (9) du manchon est destiné
à déplacer un élément de blocage dans une serrure, par exemple un pêne de fermeture.
9. Serrure à cylindre selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisée en
ce que le manchon intermédiaire (35) a la forme d'un secteur de cylindre creux comprenant
un angle sensiblement inférieur à 180° et destiné à être déplacé dans une chambre
en forme de secteur dans l'enveloppe (33) ayant une étendue angulaire entre les parois
latérales (37A, 37B) quelque peu supérieure à l'angle du secteur de cylindre creux
et en ce qu'un élément du barillet (31) est destiné à déplacer un élément de blocage
dans une serrure, par exemple un pêne de fermeture.
10. Serrure à cylindre selon la revendication 9, caractérisée en ce qu'elle comprend,
par ailleurs, une goupille mobile radialement (40) prévue dans un alésage (41) dans
le manchon (35), agencée de façon que son extrémité interne (40A) attaque une courte
rainure périphérique (31C) sur le barillet (31) et étant pressée sous la sollicitation
d'un ressort par son extrémité opposée contre la surface cylindrique interne de l'enveloppe
(33) et en ce que la surface cylindrique de l'enveloppe dans une certaine position
angulaire possède une cavité (33A) pour ladite extrémité opposée de la goupille (40),
de sorte qu'un effet de blocage entre la rainure (31C) et ladite extrémité interne
(40A) est libéré pour permettre une rotation continue du barillet (31) en vue de l'ouverture
de la serrure.