[0001] The present invention relates to a high-strength steel sheet for use as an electrode-supporting
frame member installed in an aperture grill-type color picture tube and also relates
to a manufacturing method thereof.
[0002] An aperture-grill type color picture tube has color selecting electrode elements
each made of a thin metal sheet in which striped slits for passage of electron beams
are formed at positions corresponding to matrix of RGB (red, green and blue) phosphors
arranged on a phosphor screen, in order to excite the RGB phosphors with electron
beams discharged from an electron gun. The color selecting electrode elements are
stretched to and supported with an electrode-supporting frame member.
[0003] RGB phosphors on the phosphor screen are selectively irradiated and excited by scanning
with electron beams, so as to display a color image composed of red, green and blue
colors. Directions of electron beams are likely affected by terrestrial magnetism
or the like at the surroundings. If electron beams are deflected by the magnetisms,
the color image can not be accurately reproduced. Influence of the terrestrial magnetism
or the like can be inhibited by covering the color picture tube with a magnetic shield.
[0004] The electrode-supporting frame member installed in the color picture tube is also
affected by the terrestrial magnetism or the like, so that its material is important
to improve performance of the color picture tube.
[0005] The electrode-supporting frame member shall assure location of the slits formed in
the color selecting electrode elements for passage of electron beams at accurate positions
corresponding to the matrix of phosphors, in order to precisely direct electron beams
to each of the RGB phosphors. If the color selecting electrode elements stretched
to the electrode-supporting frame member are deviated from predetermined positions
due to thermal expansion or the like, the electron beams are not directed to selected
phosphors. The maldirection of the electron beams impedes accurate reproduction of
a color image.
[0006] The electrode-supporting frame member for supporting the color selecting electrode
elements is made from a steel sheet of 2-7 mm in thickness formed into a predetermined
shape necessary in response to a size of the color picture tube. An electrode-supporting
frame member for a small-sized color picture tube is manufactured by press forming,
while an electrode-supporting frame member for a big-sized color picture tube is commonly
manufactured by roll-forming or press-forming a steel sheet at its edge corresponding
to four sides of the frame and then fabricating the formed steel sheet to a frame
shape by welding. The electrode-supporting frame member is thereafter stress-relief
annealed.
[0007] As for the color selecting element, a cold-rolled steel sheet of 0.08-0.15 mm in
thickness is etched to form striped slits for passage of electron beams. The etched
steel sheet is welded to upper and lower parts of the electrode-supporting frame member
which is pressed inwards. After the electrode elements are fixed to the frame member,
a pressure is removed from the frame member. As a result, the frame member exhibits
a reaction force for stretching the electrode elements, due to removal of the pressure.
In this way, the electrode elements are fabricated with the frame member.
[0008] The frame member integrated with the electrode elements is then subjected to blackening
treatment, in order to suppress such defects as heat radiation, generation of secondary
electrons and rusts. An oxide film is formed on the frame member by the blackening
treatment. The oxide film shall be firmly adhered onto the frame; otherwise oxide
particles originated in peeling-off of the black oxide film would scatter in the color
picture tube and significantly deteriorates performance of the color picture tube.
[0009] In the aforementioned manufacturing process, after the electrode elements are integrated
with the frame member, the frame member is subjected to a heat cycle of the blackening
treatment under the condition that a bending stress for stretching the electrode elements
is applied to the frame member. A tensile force for stretching the electrode elements
is reduced due to stress relaxation of both the frame member and the electrode elements
which were heated at a high temperature during the blackening treatment.
[0010] The structure that the electrode elements are stretched to the frame member by application
of the tensile force aims at maintaining accurate positional relationship of the electrode
elements by the applied tensile force. The tensile force absorbs elongation of the
electrode members and eliminates color dislocation, even when the electrode elements
are heated and thermally expanded due to radiation with electron beams. However, reduction
of the stretching tensile force caused by the blackening treatment weakens function
of the frame member and often causes occurrence of color dislocation. Especially,
the aperture grill-type color picture tube is likely affected by vibrations due to
the structure that striped slits for passage of electron beams are formed in the electrode
elements. When the stretching tensile force is reduced to a certain degree, the electrode
elements resonate with acoustic waves from a speaker and causes occurrence of color
dislocation.
[0011] The frame member is thermally expanded when the electrode elements are heated at
a higher temperature. The thermal expansion also causes occurrence of color dislocation.
[0012] In this regard, a high-Cr ferritic stainless steel has been used as material for
an electrode-supporting frame member, since it is resistant to reduction of a stretching
tensile force necessary for the frame member and of a small thermal expansion coefficient.
But, use of the ferritic stainless steel causes an increase in a cost of the frame
member for a color picture tube.
[0013] The inventors proposed an alloyed steel which is cheaper than the ferritic stainless
steel, as disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open 8-67945. The proposed
steel contains 0.01-1.0 wt.% Mo and not more than 2.0 wt.% Cu to improve tensile strength
both at a room temperature and a high temperature. Since the steel contains only 3.0
wt.% or less Cr, it is used as a cheaper material instead of a ferritic stainless
steel for an electrode-supporting frame member.
[0014] By the way, there is a tendency to produce a big-sized color picture tube in these
days. Color selecting electrode elements as well as an electrode-supporting frame
member becomes large in size to cope with the size of the color picture tube. Since
affections of a stretching tensile force and thermal expansion are greater as enlargement
of a frame member in size, it has been inevitable to design a big and heavy electrode-supporting
frame member in order to endure the reduction of the stretching tensile force or the
thermal expansion.
[0015] Taking into consideration the aforementioned properties necessary for an electrode-supporting
frame member, there is a strong demand for provision of a new material for the frame
member which is improved in strength enough to enable fabrication of an enlightened
frame member, good of formability and cheap, and hardly reduces a stretching tensile
force.
[0016] The present invention aims at provision of such a material, which is cheap, exhibits
high strength and hardly reduces a tensile force for stretching color selecting electrode
elements even after being subjected to a heat cycle of blackening treatment, suitable
for an electrode-supporting frame member. The object of the present invention is to
provide an inexpensive Cr steel sheet which is excellent in strength and formability
and has properties necessary for an electrode-supporting frame member instead of an
expensive ferritic stainless steel.
[0017] A high-strength steel sheet for use as an electrode-supporting frame member according
to the present invention consists of 0.003-0.10 wt.% C, not more than 1.0 wt.% Si,
0.05-1.5 wt.% Mn, not more than 0.10 wt.% P, not more than 0.02 wt.% S, 1.5-8.0 wt.%
Cr, 0.003-0.10 wt.% Al, and one or more selected from 0.08-0.40 wt.% Ti, 0.08-0.40
wt.% Nb and 0.08-0.40 wt.% V, and the balance being essentially Fe except inevitable
impurities. The steel sheet may further contain one or more of Cu up to 2.0 wt.%,
Ni up to 2.0 wt.%, 0.01-2.0 wt.% Mo, 0.01-2.0 wt.% W and 0.0003-0.0050 wt.% B.
[0018] The steel sheet is manufactured as follows: A slab having the specified composition
is hot-rolled at a finishing temperature of 820-950°C and a coiling temperature of
400-700°C. A hot-rolled steel strip is skin-pass rolled and then pickled, or the hot-rolled
steel strip is pickled and then skin-pass rolled. The steel sheet may be also manufactured
by hot-rolling a slab having the specified composition at a finishing temperature
of 820-950°C, and coiling temperature of 400-700°C, pickling the hot-rolled steel
strip, cold-rolling the pickled steel strip, finally annealing the cold-rolled steel
strip and then skin-pass rolling the annealed steel strip.
A steel sheet for use as an electrode-supporting frame member shall be good of magnetic
property, adhesiveness of a black film to a steel substrate and keep a high tensile
force necessary for stretching color selecting electrode elements, due to such a structure,
quite sensitive to affections derived from reduction of the stretching tensile force
as noted in resonance with acoustic waves from a speaker, that the frame member is
integrated with color selecting electrode members having striped slits for passage
of electron beams formed therein.
[0019] The frame member is exposed to a high-temperature atmosphere during blackening treatment
under the condition that a bending stress for stretching electrode elements is applied
thereto. If a steel sheet lacks in strength at the high temperature, stress relaxation
occurs in the frame member. In this point of view, the inventors have researched on
steel sheets belonging to low-cost common steels but which are excellent in magnetic
property, good of adhesiveness of a black film to a steel substrate, and strong at
both a room temperature and a high temperature necessary for the frame member.
[0020] As a result of our researches on various properties of common steels such as thermal
expansion, strengthening and high-temperature strength, the inventors have found that
addition of Cr together with one or more of Ti, Nb and V and/or one or more of Cu,
Ni, Mo, W and B to a low-C steel remarkably strengthens the steel and also increases
its high-temperature strength when the steel is subjected to blackening treatment.
The increase of strength at both a room temperature and a high temperature suppresses
reduction of a tensile force for stretching color selecting electrode elements, so
as to provide a steel sheet suitable for a frame member which diminishes color dislocation
caused by thermal expansion thereof.
[0021] When the new steel sheet is used as material for a frame member for stretching electrode
elements, the frame member exhibits sufficient strength at a high temperature so as
to suppress reduction of a tensile force for stretching the electrode elements in
a state subjected to a heat cycle in a manufacturing process. The steel sheet also
has magnetic property, formability and blackening property suitable for the frame
member.
[0022] Strength at a room temperature, formability, weldability in addition to the high-temperature
strength suitable for the frame member of the aperture grill-type color picture tube
are bestowed to the steel sheet by manufacturing the steel sheet under conditions
specified by the newly proposed method.
Fig. 1 is a graph which shows an effect of Cr content on a ratio of a thermal expansion
coefficient of an electrode-supporting frame member to that of a color selecting electrode
element.
[0023] The new steel sheet for use as an electrode-supporting frame member of an aperture
grill-type color picture tube contains C, Si, Mn, P, S, Cr, Al and at least one of
Ti, Nb and V as essential elements. The steel sheet may further contain at least one
of Cu, Ni, Mo, W and B. The effects of these alloying elements will be apparent from
the following explanation.
C: 0.003-0.10 wt.%
[0024] C is an alloying element for effectively increasing strength of a steel sheet. The
effect of C on increase of strength is realized by addition in amount of 0.003 wt.%
or more. But, excessive addition of C more than 0.10 wt.% unfavorably deteriorates
formability and weldability of a steel sheet.
Si: not more than 1.0 wt.%
[0025] Si is added to a steel as a deoxidizing agent but also effectively improves strength
of a steel sheet. But, excessive addition of Si more than 1.0 wt.% causes poor external
appearance of a steel sheet and also poor adhesiveness of a black film formed on the
steel sheet.
Mn: 0.05-1.5 wt.%
[0026] Mn serves as a deoxidizing agent and improves strength of a steel sheet. The addition
of Mn is also effective for inhibition of high-temperature embrittlement due to stabilization
of inevitably included S as MnS. These effects are apparently noted by addition of
Mn in amount of 0.05 wt.% or more. But, excessive addition of Mn more than 1.5 wt.%
deteriorates formability and weldability of a steel sheet.
P: not more than 0.10 wt.%
[0027] P is effective for improving strength of a steel sheet but is likely segregated at
grain boundaries in a steel matrix. When a steel sheet contains excessive amount of
P, the steel sheet has strength varied over a broad range and poor formability. In
this regard, P content is necessarily controlled not more than 0.10 wt.%, preferably
0.04 wt.% or less.
S: not more than 0.02 wt.%
[0028] S is a harmful element which exists as inclusions such as MnS in a steel matrix and
reduces formability of a steel sheet. In this regard, it is favorable to reduce S
content to the lowest possible level not more than 0.02 wt.%.
Cr: 1.5-8.0 wt.%
[0029] Cr is solved or precipitated as a carbide in a steel matrix, resulting in increase
of a high-temperature strength effective for enhancing a tensile force for stretching
electrode elements. The addition of Cr is also effective for decrease of thermal expansion.
In order to inhibit color dislocation caused by thermal expansion, a thermal expansion
coefficient of a frame member is necessarily adjusted less than 0.97 times a thermal
expansion coefficient of electrode elements. Color dislocation originated in thermal
expansion of the frame member is diminished by decreasing the thermal expansion coefficient
of the frame member. If a ratio of the thermal expansion coefficient of the frame
member to that of the electrode elements is more than 0.97, an effect for a practical
use is not realized.
[0030] The thermal expansion coefficient of the frame member is controlled by addition of
Cr in amount of 1.5 wt.% or more taking into consideration relationship of Cr content
with the thermal expansion coefficient as shown in Fig. 1. However, excessive addition
of expensive Cr in amount more than 8.0 wt.% unfavorably raises a cost of a steel
sheet and also causes poor productivity.
Al: 0.003-0.10 wt.%
[0031] Al serves as a deoxidizing agent and stabilizes inevitably included N as AlN. These
effects are realized by addition of Al in amount of 0.003 wt.% or more. However, excessive
addition of Al in amount more than 0.10 wt.% causes surface defects on a steel sheet
and reduces adhesiveness of a black film formed on the steel sheet.
Ti, Nb, V: each 0.08-0.40 wt.%
[0032] These elements promote precipitation of carbides in a steel matrix and minimize crystal
grains, so as to improve both a room-temperature strength and a high-temperature strength
necessary for increase of a tensile force for stretching electrode elements. These
effects are typically noted by addition of at least one of Ti, Nb and V in amount
of 0.08 wt.% or more. However, excessive addition of these elements in amount more
than 0.40 wt.% causes poor formability and weldability.
Cu: up to 2.0 wt.%
[0033] Cu is an optional alloying element which is dissolved or precipitated in a steel
matrix, so as to enhance a room-temperature strength and a high-temperature strength,
resulting in increase of a tensile force for stretching electrode elements. However,
excessive addition of Cu in amount more than 2.0 wt.% causes poor formability and
poor weldability.
Ni: up to 2.0 wt.%
[0034] Ni is an optional alloying element which effectively inhibits high-temperature embrittlement
caused by Cu. The effect of Ni on inhibition of high-temperature embrittlement is
apparently noted, when Ni content is adjusted to a half or more of Cu content. The
additive Ni is also effective for increase of a tensile force for stretching electrode
elements, since both a room-temperature strength and a high-temperature strength are
enhanced by dissolution and precipitation of Ni in a steel matrix. However, Ni content
is preferably adjusted to 2.0 wt.% or less; otherwise excessive use of expensive Ni
would increase a cost of a steel sheet.
Mo, W: each 0.01-2.0 wt.%
[0035] Mo and W are optional alloying elements which are dissolved or precipitated as fine
carbides in a steel matrix, so as to enhance both a room-temperature strength and
a high-temperature strength, resulting in increase of a tensile force for stretching
electrode elements. These effects are apparently noted by addition of Mo or W in amount
of 0.01 wt.% or more. However, excessive addition of Mo or W in amount more than 2.0
wt.% unfavorably increases a cost of a steel sheet and also causes poor formability
and weldability.
B: 0.0003-0.0050 wt.%
[0036] B is an optional alloying element which strengthens grain boundaries effectively
for improvement in rolling ability of a steel strip and stabilizes inevitably included
N as BN in a steel matrix. These effects are realized by addition of B in amount of
0.0003 wt.% or more, but saturated at 0.0050 wt.% B.
[0037] A steel having the specified composition is hot-rolled and skin-pass rolled. A steel
strip is pickled before or after the skin-pass rolling. The pickled steel strip may
be further cold-rolled, finally annealed and then skin-pass rolled.
Hot-Rolling:
[0038] A steel is principally hot-rolled at a finishing temperature just above its Ar
3 transition temperature in order to minimize crystal grains. The finishing temperature
is preferably controlled in a range of 820-950°C. If the finishing temperature is
lower than 820°C, the steel is hot-rolled in a phase-α zone. If the finishing temperature
is higher than 950°C, the steel is hot-rolled in a phase-γ zone. In any case, crystal
grains in the hot-rolled steel strip are coarse.
[0039] The hot-rolled steel strip is coiled at a temperature of 400-700°C. The coiling temperature
effects a shape and properties of the steel strip. If the coiling temperature is lower
than 400°C , the obtained steel strip has a poor shape. On the other hand, the coiling
temperature higher than 700°C causes poor strength of the obtained steel strip and
also poor performance in pickling.
Cold-Rolling:
[0040] A hot-rolled steel strip is optionally cold-rolled in succession. Although there
are no discriminative restrictions on cold-rolling, a rolling ratio is preferably
controlled at 40 % or greater. If the steel strip is cold-rolled at a rolling ratio
less than 40 %, crystal grains grow coarse during annealing in the following step.
Annealing:
[0041] A cold-rolled steel strip is annealed at a temperature of 650°C or higher in a zone
where recrystallization is completed. However, an annealing temperature above 950°C
causes occurrence of coarse grains. By the annealing, the steel strip is conditioned
to a metallurgical structure free from unrecrystallized grains. Due to the conditioned
structure, an obtained steel sheet is improved in formability. If a steel sheet having
a structure including unrecrystallized grains is formed to a frame member, it is difficult
to keep a shape necessary for the purpose.
Skin-Pass Rolling:
[0042] A hot-rolled or cold-rolled steel strip is reformed to a flat shape by skin-pass
rolling. Skin-pass rolling is favorably performed with a ratio of elongation of approximately
1 % or more to assure the flat shape. Skin-pass rolling at a greater ratio of elongation
promotes formation of fine precipitates such as MoC, WC and Cu due to introduction
of dislocations. The fine precipitates serve as inhibitors against movement of dislocations.
Consequently, a high-temperature strength of a steel sheet is improved by stress-relief
annealing which is performed after the steel sheet is formed, welded and fabricated
to a frame member. However, an excessively greater ratio of elongation decreases formability
of an obtained steel sheet. In this regard, a ratio of elongation during skin-pass
rolling is preferably controlled to 7 % or lower.
EXAMPLE
[0043] Each slab having composition shown in Table 1 was hot-rolled under conditions defined
in Table 2, skin-pass rolled at a ratio of elongation of 1.5 % and then pickled. Steel
strips Nos. 8 and 9 were further cold-rolled, annealed and skin-pass rolled at a ratio
of elongation of 1.5 %.
[0045] It is noted from Table 2 that steel sheets according to the present invention satisfy
requisitions for use as an electrode-supporting frame member of a color picture tube.
[0046] On the other hand, steel sheets Nos. 11 and 12 had poor strength at both a room temperature
and a high temperature due to less Cr contents, i.e. 0.05 wt.% and 1.11 wt.%, respectively.
A thermal expansion coefficient of a frame member made from the steel sheet containing
Cr in such less amount was higher than 0.97 times a thermal expansion coefficient
of color selecting electrode elements, as shown in Fig. 1. Due to these inferiority,
the steel sheets Nos. 11 and 12 were not favorable material for a frame member.
[0047] Steel sheets Nos. 13 and 14 had high strength at both a room temperature and a high
temperature. However, these steel sheets were expensive ferritic stainless steel which
contained Cr in amount exceeding a range of Cr content defined by the present invention.
[0048] A steel sheet according to the present invention as aforementioned exhibits high
strength at a room temperature as well as at a high temperature after stress-relief
annealing. The steel sheet is useful as an electrode-supporting frame member of a
color picture tube, due to small reduction of a tensile force for stretching color
selecting electrode elements and also suppression of color dislocations caused by
thermal expansion of the frame member. In addition, the steel sheet is cheaper than
a ferritic stainless steel sheet, since Cr content is controlled at a lower level.
Consequently, the steel sheet is suitable for an aperture grill-type color picture
tube as well as a shadow mask-type color picture tube. Moreover, the steel sheet sufficiently
meets with the development of color picture tubes designed for a large-sized or high
definition television set.
1. A steel sheet for use as an electrode supporting frame member of a color picture tube,
which consists of 0.003-0.10 wt.% C, not more than 1.0 wt.% Si, 0.05-1.5 wt.% Mn,
not more than 0.10 wt.% P, not more than 0.02 wt.% S, 1.5-8.0 wt.% Cr, 0.003-0.10
wt.% Al, at least one of 0.08-0.40 wt.% Ti, 0.08-0.40 wt.% Nb and 0.08-0.40 wt.% V,
optionally at least one of Cu up to 2.0 wt.%, Ni up to 2.0 wt.%, 0.01-2.0 wt.% Mo,
0.01-2.0 wt.% W and 0.0003-0.0050 wt.% B, and the balance being essentially Fe except
inevitable impurities.
2. A method of manufacturing a steel sheet for use as an electrode supporting frame member
of a color picture tube, which comprises the steps of:
preparing a slab having composition consisting of 0.003-0.10 wt.% C, not more than
1.0 wt.% Si, 0.05-1.5 wt.% Mn, not more than 0.10 wt.% P, not more than 0.02 wt.%
S, 1.5-8.0 wt.% Cr, 0.003-0.10 wt.% Al, at least one of 0.08-0.40 wt.% Ti, 0.08-0.40
wt.% Nb and 0.08-0.40 wt.% V, optionally at least one of Cu up to 2.0 wt.%, Ni up
to 2.0 wt.%, 0.01-2.0 wt.% Mo, 0.01-2.0 wt.% W and 0.0003-0.0050 wt.% B and the balance
being essentially Fe except inevitable impurities;
hot-rolling said slab at a finishing temperature of 820-950°C and a coiling temperature
of 400-700°C;
skin-pass rolling the hot-rolled steel strip; and
pickling the hot-rolled steel strip before or after the skin-pass rolling.
3. A method of manufacturing a steel sheet for use as an electrode supporting frame member
of a color picture tube, which comprises the steps of:
preparing a slab having composition consisting of 0.003-0.10 wt.% C, not more than
1.0 wt.% Si, 0.05-1.5 wt.% Mn, not more than 0.10 wt.% P, not more than 0.02 wt.%
S, 1.5-8.0 wt.% Cr, 0.003-0.10 wt.% Al, at least one of 0.08-0.40 wt.% Ti, 0.08-0.40
wt.% Nb and 0.08-0.40 wt.% V, optionally at least one of Cu up to 2.0 wt.%, Ni up
to 2.0 wt.%, 0.01-2.0 wt.% Mo, 0.01-2.0 wt.% W and 0.0003-0.0050 wt.% B and the balance
being essentially Fe except inevitable impurities;
hot-rolling said slab at a finishing temperature of 820-950°C and a coiling temperature
of 400-700°C;
pickling the hot-rolled steel strip;
cold-rolling the pickled steel strip;
finally annealing the cold-rolled steel sheet; and
skin-pass rolling the annealed steel strip.