[0001] This invention relates to a crash helmet for motorcyclists, car-drivers and sportspeople
in general which utilize crash helmets provided with ventilation devices of the suction
type, whose structure is such as to help a regular and controlled exhaust of the hot
air and/or condensate which builds up within the helmet during its use and such as
to exert its maximum efficiency even at low speeds.
[0002] As is known, crash helmets for motorcyclists and, generally, for people taking part
in sports competitions which require the use of a helmet, are realized in the shape
of a full cap, which in the case of the integral helmets is provided on the front
side, in correspondence of the eyes, with an opening closable through a transparent
liftable and/or removable visor.
[0003] Normally, helmets have a cap or external shell made from a rigid and resistant material,
such as polycarbonate or the like or composite materials, inside which a safety padding
is coupled, for instance from expanded polystyrene or polyurethane; to this safety
padding a lining from soft material constituting a comfort padding is associated.
Also open helmets, commonly called "Jet" or "Demijet", have analogous structures.
Especially because of their special structure and wrapping shape, integral helmets
need to be ventilated in the inside by air circulation, in order to prevent head from
overheating and the formation of condensate due to transpiration.
[0004] To achieve an adequate ventilation within the helmet, several solutions are adopted
which are substantially based on the principle of taking air from the outside through
holes or openings provided in given zones of the helmet, to cause it to circulate
through the padding layers by means of special channels of various shape and position,
and to exhaust it afterwards outside the helmet.
[0005] Also a type of crash helmet is known provided with air intakes in the lower front,
with circulation of air inside the helmet and exhaust both laterally and on top of
the cap where an inclined flange, positioned before air intakes obtained in said cap,
creates a depression such as to draw the hot air from within the helmet towards the
outside.
[0006] Patent US 3496854 (F.W. FELDMANN et al.) describes a ventilation device for helmets
which comprises a plurality of openings on top of the helmet cap. Above the openings
a channel is positioned provided with air intakes in the upper part, connected to
a part of the openings to allow a portion of air to pass through the channel into
the helmet, and with air outlet baffles in the lower part connected to the remaining
parts of the openings, to remove the air from within the helmet.
[0007] A partial closing device may also be provided between the internal and external cap
of the helmet, to adjust the air flow through the openings. The device, slidingly
connected to the cap, may have a plurality of openings suitable to be selectively
aligned with the openings provided on the cap or off-set relatively to the same. However,
by this type of ventilation there is the drawback that unwished particles, rain or
snow penetrate through the openings looking towards the front of the helmet.
[0008] Patent GB 2167285 (P.L. NAVA) describes a helmet provided with openings on its top,
through which the air which penetrates from the lower part of the visor and through
passages provided in the lateral parts is exhausted outwards. The openings are provided
with an ejector having the shape of a bent hood open towards the back of the helmet
and whose aim is to protect the opening from rain and to increase the suction created
at the opening level by the air which flows on the helmet. The openings may be opened
or closed by means of a suitable sliding device.
[0009] Patent US 4622700 (J.G. SUNDHALL) describes a helmet provided, in its median part,
with backwards looking openings. The external surface of the cap of the helmet is
bent towards the inside and extends backwards to join with the cap where it forms
a sort of dome.
[0010] EP patent 0252243 describes a helmet for motorcyclists in which the cap is provided
with holes positioned on the back relatively to the top of the cap, to allow the exhaust
of ventilation air; the holes which form outlet orifices are covered by an inclined
flange whose opening is orientated towards the back of the helmet; the holes may be
closed by a device which slides on a plate and has an intake and holes that may coincide
with the holes provided on the cap, causing in this way either a closing or an opening.
[0011] All the known embodiments which provide for direct air intakes through openings in
the helmet involve in practice annoying conditions of localized cooling, especially
at high speeds, and insufficient ventilation at low speeds, because of the pressure
reduction which the air flow is subject to in channels, in deviation openings and
in exhaust openings.
[0012] Besides, as by high speeds the air flow that circulates within the channels is very
fast, nuisance conditions for the eyes and the face may set in and even undesirable
air jets in the occipital region.
[0013] EP patent 0320622 B1 (NOLAN S.p.A.) (upon which the preamble of claim 1 is based)
describes a crash helmet provided with channels for the internal ventilation and an
opening on the top of the cap; a streamlined flange is located above these openings,
whose shape is such as to create, between the cap surface and the flange, a duct having
a decreasing section towards the back of the helmet, so as to allow an air flow passing
through said duct to assume locally, in correspondence of the openings provided on
the cap, a speed increase and a local pressure decrease, such as to draw hot air from
within the helmet; between the flange and the cap external surface a guided slider
is provided which slides on the cap surface inside the duct, said slider being adjustable
in correspondence of said openings, wedge-shaped and which can be so positioned as
to constitute either a flow shutter or a baffle capable of facilitating the suction
of hot air from within the helmet. The slider is guided through a stem which protrudes
from the flange through a guide slit.
[0014] The device described in EP 0320622 (NOLAN S.p.A.) ensures the air circulation within
the helmet and the exhaust of the same by suction which takes place from the inside
towards the outside of the helmet thanks to the special shape of the device, preventing
in this way direct and localized air intakes in correspondence of regions of the head
which might have severe adverse reactions, such as headaches, rheumatic pains due
to cooling, and the like. However, this device has the drawback that the shutting
of the air flow from the inside towards the outside of the helmet takes place by reducing
the width of the openings provided on the cap surface, progressively alterating their
outline, and also that, when the openings are closed because, especially by high speeds
and/or very low temperatures, one does not wish to draw air and to create a suction
from within the helmet, the air flow of the device hits all the same the slider and
is deviated by the same. This can create whirlwinds within the duct, vibrations, annoying
noises and the like.
[0015] Other embodiments of the type described in EP 0320622 B1 (NOLAN S.p.A.), which provide
permanent supplementary air intakes in the streamlined flange do not prevent entirely
the noisiness phenomena at high speeds, and besides they do not allow to fully isolate
the suction aeration device when, for any reason whatever, one wishes to substantially
reduce or completely exclude air suction from within the inside of the helmet, eliminating
at the same time any air canalization which would constitute in any case a noisiness
and vibration element, and which would be anyhow a perturbating element for the laminar
flow on the surface of the helmet cap.
[0016] Object of this invention is to provide a crash helmet of the type equipped with suction
devices external to said helmet having a structure such as to ensure air suction and
exhaust from within the helmet in a constant, uniform and regular way, both by high
and low speeds, and independently on the quantity of air exhausted, and without whirlwinds,
vibrations, noises and the like taking place.
[0017] A further object of this invention is to provide a helmet equipped with suction devices
such as to be simply and economically realizable, and applicable, without substantial
modifications, also to the various types of helmets already known and utilized.
[0018] Still a further object of this invention is to provide a crash helmet equipped with
external suction devices with a simple line, aesthetically agreeable and harmonizing,
aesthetically and aerodynamically, with the helmet line.
[0019] Still another object of this invention is to provide an aeration device of the suction
type such as to be fully releasable in case of need and such as not to constitute,
in this case, an element likely to generate noisiness and/or vibrations or to hinder
the air laminar flow on the surface of the helmet.
[0020] These and still further objects and associated advantages which shall be made clear
by the following description, are reached by a crash helmet for motorcyclists and
the like, comprising a rigid cap and underlying protection layers, provided in the
inside with channels for the aeration and cooling of the inside area comprising :
- at least an opening or air intake on the top of the rigid cap, in communication with
said channels and obtained in the cap and the underlying protective layers,
- a fixed flange, positioned above said air intake, at a short distance from the cap
external surface, so shaped as to create, between the cap and the flange, a duct constituted
by a channel, which is whole in the front part with the inlet window facing the front
part of the cap and which, in correspondence of said air intake, divides into at least
two outlet channels with exhaust mouths oriented towards the back part of the cap,
said duct being capable of allowing an air flow passing through it to locally assume,
in correspondence of said air intake, a speed increase with a local pressure reduction,
such as to cause an air draw from within the helmet up to the exhaust from said air
intake,
- a slider provided with at least two outlet holes, longitudinally slidable above said
fixed and adjustable flange in advanced closing position, so as to close said inlet
window through the mating of the peripheral edge of said slider with the cap surface
by superposition with the surface of said flange and in an opening back position,
so as to leave said inlet window uncovered, and to cause said outlet holes to be in
correspondence of said exhaust mouths.
[0021] More particularly, said strealined flange is fixed to the cap surface, for instance
by means of pins, plates or other like means provided peripherally relatively to said
flange and suitable to be snap or plug fitted in special seats provided on the cap
surface.
[0022] They slidable slider is preferably so shaped that its perimeter follows the line
of said underlying fixed flange, harmonizing with the same from the aerodynamic and
also the aesthetical aspect.
[0023] Said slider is caused to be slidable on said flange by means of plates or protrusions
provided on the inner face of the same element and slidingly engaged and guided in
special slits or grooves obtained on the surface of said flange, said plates or projections
being so realized as to second the air flow without giving rise to whirlwinds or hindrances
to said flow.
[0024] Besides, always on the internal side of said slider a restraint element with opposing
plates or the like is provided, suitable to be snap-engaged in special seats obtained
on the surface of said flange, so as to lock said slider in a position of opening
or total closing of the inlet window, according to need, said slider being realized
in such a way as to second the air flow without giving rise to whirlwinds or hindrances
to said flow.
[0025] Through the sliding of the slider which may reach the complete closing of the inlet
window and of both the exhaust mouths window, one obtains the adjustment of the air
flow capacity as well as a depression in correspondence of the air intake suitable
to assist the suction of hot air from within the helmet. The conformation of the slider
is such that, in full closing position, only a slight protrusion results on the cap,
which protrusion is almost flush with the cap surface and does not hinder in the least
the flow of air streams, and therefore the aerodynamic conditions, as the tests performed
in the wind tunnel have confirmed.
[0026] Always according to this invention, the fixed flange with the associated mobile slider
may be housed in a corresponding recess provided on the cap surface, so that the peripheral
edge of the flange is aerodynamically connected with the cap surface, without surface
dishomogeneities and/or discontinuities taking place.
[0027] Always according to this invention, within said duct, on the cap surface and before
said air intake, a baffle or spoiler is positioned having a substantially isosceles
or trapezoid shape, connected, through its greater base with said whole inlet channel,
and with both its sides with said two outlet channels, divergent from one another,
and with exhaust mouths positioned on the two opposite sides in the back part of said
flange.
[0028] Besides, according to this invention, said fixed flange and said spoiler may also
be obtained as integral part of the cap, by moulding them in one only piece with said
cap. This involves a remarkable simplification of the helmet manufacture, with ensuing
reduction in costs and working time, and a simplification of the manufacturing methods.
[0029] This invention is disclosed more in detail in the following, according to a preferred
non exclusive embodiment, with reference to the enclosed drawings, given only by way
of non limitative indication, wherein:
Fig. 1 shows a schematic top view of the upper part of the crash helmet subject matter
of this invention, with the internal ventilation device in the position of complete
closing of the inlet window and the exhaust mouths,
Fig. 2 shows a median section along the A-A line of the upper part of the helmet of
Fig. 1,
Figs. 3 through 5 show from a top view and separated from one another, the slider,
the fixed flange and the spoiler respectively,
Fig. 6 shows schematically in perspective view the fixed flange,
Fig, 7 shows schematically in perspective view the device with the slider in advanced
closing position, while
Fig. 8 shows, always in perspective view, the device with the slider in back opening
position.
[0030] With reference to the aforementioned figures, the helmet according to this invention
is constituted by an external rigid cap 1, for instance from polycarbonate, composite
material or the like, in whose inside the protection padding and the comfort padding
- not shown in the figure - are associated.
[0031] Branched channels are provided inside the helmet according to various known techniques,
for the circulation of cooling air, which are in communication with air intakes or
holes on the front part of the helmet and/or in correspondence of the chin and the
outlet opening for the exhaust of hot air.
[0032] According to this invention, the channels within the cap and the padding are in communication
with the openings or air intakes 2, whose number ranges preferably from one to three
and which are arranged on top of the cap, through which the hot air that has built
up inside the helmet is sucked and then exhausted. Such air intakes may be arranged
vertically, as shown in Fig. 2, or may be inclined towards the back of cap 1, to facilitate
the exhaust of hot air.
[0033] To obtain, according to this invention, a hot air suction through air intakes 2,
above said air intakes the fixed flange 3 is positioned, substantially bent like cap
1, and kept spaced from cap 1 and so shaped as to form a duct suitable to transmit
to an air flow coming in according to arrow N a speed increase in correspondence of
air intakes 2, and therefore a localized pressure reduction which causes a draw of
hot air from within the helmet at the mouth of the air intakes and its subsequent
exhaust according to arrows M and M'.
[0034] Said flange 3 has a shape converging towards the back end of the helmet, i.e. a substantially
trapezoid shape, with the greater base carrying the inlet window 4 looking towards
the front of the helmet; on the contrary, the two outlet channels 5 and 5a are looking
towards the back of the helmet. In other words, said flange has a streamlined shape,
in order to obtain the best suction conditions and a laminar non turbulent flow.
[0035] The flange is fixed to the cap for instance by means of the butt pins 6 or any other
suitable like means. Or, as already said, the flange may be obtained as an integral
of the cap by moulding it together with the latter. On flange 3 the slider 8 having
a substantially trapezoid shape is positioned, which slides above the inlet window
4 and the two channels 5 and 5a through two couples of plates or pins restrained and
guided in slits 7 and 11 provided in flange 3. Said plates are restrained and guided
in their relevant slits for instance by means of protruding edges or the like. In
this way, slider 8 can be moved in both directions, forwards and backwards, acting
on the upper surface of said slider which may be provided, to this purpose, with knurls
or other grip means suitable to facilitate said grip; the stable stop of element 8
is obtained by known means, for instance, by means of a pin slidable in a slit 14
provided with suitable stop seats 13 and 13a, in closing (advanced) and opening (back)
positions respectively.
[0036] Slider 8 is provided with two holes 16 and 16a which, when said slider is in back
position, are located in correspondence of the exhaust mouths in the two channels
5 and 5a: in this way, the air flow entering the duct from window 4, according to
arrow N, is exhausted outside according to arrows M and M', together with the air
sucked from within the helmet through hole 2, passing through the two divergent channels
5 and 5a.
[0037] Within the duct, before air intakes corresponding to holes 2, baffle or spoiler 15
is located having a trapezoid shape, whose greater base 17 is connected to the air
intake channel, while the two bent sides 18 and 18a are connected respectively with
the two channels 5 and 5a. It has been seen that this arrangement allows an optimum
air suction from within the helmet, without giving rise to whirlwinds and therefore
vibrations and/or noisiness.
[0038] The spoiler may be obtained integrally and in one only piece with the surface of
the cap, as said, or may be caused to be integral with flange 3, for instance by means
of peduncles or ribs 20.
[0039] When the slider is in advanced position, as shown in Fig. 7 and in Figs, 1 and 2,
both window 4 and channels 5 and 5a are completely closed, and of course there is
no air suction from within the helmet outwards.
[0040] According to a variant of this invention, flange 3 may carry on its back part an
impression or low area 19, so that when the slider is in back position, as shown in
Fig. 8, the low area 19 is in communication with ducts 5 and 5a and constitutes in
this way a supplementary exhaust channel, according to arrow M".
1. Crash helmet for motorcyclists and the like, comprising a rigid cap (1) and underlying
protective layers, of the type provided internally with channels for the ventilation
and cooling of internal area comprising
at least an opening or air intake (2) on top of the rigid cap (1), in communication
with said channels and obtained in the cap and the underlying protective layers,
a fixed flange (3), positioned above said air intake (2), at a short distance from
the cap external surface, so shaped as to create, between the cap and the flange,
a duct constituted by a channel with an inlet window (4) facing the front part of
the cap
said duct being such as to allow an air flow passing through it to locally assume,
in correspondence of said air intake (2), a speed increase with a local pressure reduction
such as to cause an air draw from within the helmet up to the exhaust of said air
intake, characterized in that
said channel is whole in the front part of the cap in correspondence of said inlet
window(4) and which in correspondence of said air intake (2) divides in at least two
outlet channels (5,5a), with the exhaust mouths oriented towards the back of the cap,
a slider (8) provided with at least two outlet holes (16, 16a), being slidable longitudinally
on said fixed flange (3) adjustable in advanced closing position so as to close said
inlet window (4) and said outlet holes (16, 16a) by superposition with the surface
of said flange, and in back opening position so as to leave uncovered said inlet window
(4) and to lead said outlet holes (16, 16a) in correspondence of said exhaust mouths
of said outlet channels (5, 5a).
2. Crash helmet according to claim 1, characterized in that said slider (8) is caused
to be slidable above said flange (3) by means of plates or projections obtained on
the internal face of said slider and slidingly engaged and guided in special slits
or grooves (7, 11) provided on the surface of said flange (3), said plates or projections
being so realized as to second the air flow without giving rise to whirlwinds or hindrances
to said flow.
3. Crash helmet according to claim 1, characterized in that on the internal face of said
slider (8) a restraint element is provided with opposing plates suitable to to be
snap-engaged in special seats (13, 13a) provided on the surface of said flange (3),
so as to lock said slider (8) in back opening position or in advanced full closing
position of said inlet window (4) and said exhaust mouths of said outlet channels
(5, 5a) according to need, said slider being so realized as to second the air flow
without giving rise to whirlwinds or hindrances to said flow.
4. Crash helmet according to claim 1, characterized in that within said duct on the surface
of cap (1) and before said air intake (2) a wedge-baffle or spoiler (15) is positioned
having a substantially isosceles or trapezoid shape with its greater and thinner base
(7) facing the air intake and connected with said whole inlet channel, while its two
bent sides (18, 18a) are connected with said two divergent outlet channels (5, 5a)
having the exhaust mouths positioned on the two opposite sides, in the back part of
said flange (3).
5. Crash helmet according to claim 1, characterized in that said fixed flange (3) and/or
said spoiler (15) are obtained as an integral part of cap (1) in one only piece with
said cap by moulding.
6. Crash helmet according to claim 1, characterized in that in the back part of said
fixed flange (3) an impression or low area is obtained (19), which communicates with
said channels (5, 5a) when said slider (8) is in back opening position, constituting
in this way an additional air exhaust channel.
1. Sturzhelm für Motorradfahrer und dergleichen, mit einer steifen Haube (1) und darunterliegenden
Schutzschichten, der Art, die innen mit Kanälen zum Belüften und Kühlen eines Innenbereichs
versehen ist, wobei
an der Oberseite der steifen Haube (1) mindestens eine Öffnung oder ein Lufteinlaß
(2) vorgesehen ist und in Verbindung mit den genannten Kanälen steht sowie in der
Haube und in den darunterliegenden Schutzschichten vorliegt, und
ein fixierter Flansch (3) vorhanden ist, der oberhalb des genannten Lufteinlasses
(2) in einer kurzen Entfernung von der äußeren Haubenoberfläche angeordnet und derart
gestaltet ist, das er zwischen der Haube und dem Flansch eine Leitung ausbildet, die
aus einem Kanal mit einem Einlaßfenster (4) besteht, das zum vorderen Teil der Haube
hin gerichtet ist, wobei die genannte Leitung derart gestaltet ist, daß sie den Durchtritt
eines Luftstroms durch sie erlaubt, um entsprechend dem genannten Lufteinlaß (2) eine
Geschwindigkeitszunahme mit einer lokalen Druckverminderung derart auszubilden, daß
ein Luftzug vom Innern des Helms hinaus bis zum Austritt des genannten Lufteinlasses
hinauf bewirkt wird,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sich der genannte Kanal ganz im vorderen Teil der Haube
entsprechend dem erwähnten Einlaßfenster (4) befindet und entsprechend dem Lufteinlaß
(2) in mindestens zwei Auslaßkanäle (5, 5a) aufgeteilt ist, wobei die Austrittsöffnung
zur Rückseite der Haube hin gerichtet ist und
ein Schieber (8), der mit mindestens zwei Auslaßöffnungen (16, 16a) versehen ist sowie
in Längsrichtung auf dem fixierten Flansch (3) verschiebbar und in eine vorgeschobene
Schließposition einstellbar ist, um das Einlaßfenster (4) und die Auslaßöffnungen
(16, 16a) durch Überlagerung mit der Oberfläche des genannten Flansches zu schließen,
und der in eine zurückgeschobene Öffnungsposition verschiebbar ist, um das Einlaßfenster
(4) unbedeckt zu lassen und die Auslaßöffnungen (16, 16a) in Übereinstimmung mit den
Austrittsöffnungen der genannten Auslaßkanäle (5, 5a) zu bringen.
2. Sturzhelm nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der genannte Schieber (8) veranlaßt
wird, sich mittels Platten oder Vorsprüngen an seiner Innenseite verschiebbar oberhalb
des erwähnten Flansches (3) zu befinden, sowie in speziellen Schlitzen oder Nuten
(7, 11) an der Oberfläche des Flansches (3) verschiebbar im Eingriff steht und geführt
wird, wobei die genannten Platten oder Vorsprünge derart verwirklicht sind, daß sie
die Luftströmung unterstützen, ohne Wirbelwinde oder Hindernisse für diese Strömung
zu verursachen.
3. Sturzhelm nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß an der Innenseite des genannten
Schiebers (8) ein Beschränkungselement mit einander gegenüberliegenden Platten versehen
ist, die für einen Schnappeingriff in spezielle Sitze (13, 13a) geeignet sind, die
an der Oberfläche des Flansches (3) vorliegen, um den Schieber (8) in der rückwärtigen
Öffnungsposition oder in der vorgeschobenen vollen Schließposition des genannten Einlaßfensters
(4) und der erwähnten Austrittsöffnungen der Auslaßkanäle (5, 5a) nach Bedarf zu verriegeln,
wobei der Schieber derart ausgebildet ist, daß er die Luftströmung unterstützt, ohne
Wirbelwinde oder Hindernisse für diese Strömung zu verursachen.
4. Sturzhelm nach Aspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß innerhalb der Leitung an der
Oberfläche der Haube (1) und vor der Luftaufnahme (2) ein keilförmiges Leitelement
oder ein Zusatzflügel (15) angeordnet ist, das bzw. der eine im wesentlichen gleichschenklige
oder trapezförmige Form aufweist, deren größerer und dünnerer Boden (7) der Luftaufnahme
zugewandt und mit dem Gesamteinlaßkanal verbunden ist, wobei seine zwei gebogenen
Seiten (18, 18a) mit den genannten zwei divergierenden Auslaßkanälen (5, 5a) verbunden
sind, bei denen die Austrittsöffnungen an den zwei gegenüberliegenden Seiten im Hinterteil
des Flansches (3) angeordnet sind.
5. Sturzhelm nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der fixierte Flansch (3) und/oder
der genannte Zusatzflügel (15) als ein integraler Teil der Haube (1) einstückig mit
dieser Haube durch Formen erhalten worden ist.
6. Sturzhelm nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß im Hinterteil des fixierten
Flansches (3) ein eingedrückter oder niedriger Bereich (19) vorliegt, der mit den
Kanälen (5, 5a) in Verbindung steht, wenn sich der Schieber (8) in der rückwärtigen
Öffnungsposition befindet, wodurch auf diese Weise ein zusätzlicher Luftaustrittskanal
besteht.
1. Casque de sécurité pour motocyclistes et similaires comprenant une calotte rigide
(1) et des couches de protection situées au dessous, du type muni à l'intérieur de
canalisations pour la ventilation et le refroidissement de l'aire intérieure comprenant
au moins une ouverture ou amenée d'air (2) au sommet de la calotte rigide (1) en communication
avec lesdites canalisations et obtenue dans la calotte et dans les couches de protection
situées au dessous,
une flange fixe (3) située au dessous de ladite amenée d'air (2) à une distance limitée
de la surface extérieure de la calotte, façonnée de sorte à former, entre la calotte
et la flange, une conduite constituée d'une canalisation avec une fenêtre d'entrée
(4) tournée vers la partie frontale de la calotte, ladite conduite étant susceptible
de permettre au flux d'air qui la traverse de favoriser en correspondance de ladite
entrée d'air (2) une augmentation de vitesse avec une réduction de la pression locale
susceptible de déterminer un rappel d'air à l'intérieur du casque jusqu'à la sortie
de ladite amenée d'air,
caractérisé en ce que ladite canalisation est toute entière dans la partie frontale
de la calotte en correspondance de ladite fenêtre d'entrée (4) et qui, en correspondance
de ladite amenée d'air (2) se divise en au moins deux canalisations de sortie (5,
5a) avec les goulottes d'évacuation orientées vers la partie postérieure de la calotte,
un curseur (8) muni d'au moins deux trous de sortie (16, 16a) poouvant glisser longitudinalement
sur ladite flange fixe (3) réglable en position avancée de fermeture de façon à fermer
ladite fenêtre d'entrée (4) et lesdits trous de sortie (16, 16a) par superposition
avec la surface de ladite flange et en position reculée d'ouverture de façon à laisser
découverte ladite fenêtre d'entrée (4) et à placer lesdites trous de sortie (16, 16a)
en correspondance desdites goulottes d'évacuation desdites canalisations de sortie
(5, 5a).
2. Casque de sécurité selon la revendication 1 caractérisé en ce que ledit curseur (8)
est translable sur ladite flange (3) au moyen de plaques ou saillies obtenues sur
la surface intérieure dudit curseur et engagées de façon glissante et guidées dans
des fissures ou rainures (7, 11) prévues sur la surface de ladite flange (3) lesdites
plaques ou rainures étant réalisées de façon à favoriser le flux d'air sans créer
des tourbillons ou d'obstacles audit flux.
3. Casque de sécurité selon la revendication 1 caractérisé en ce que sur la surface intérieure
dudit curseur (8) est prévu un élément de freinage avec des lames opposées apte à
être engagé par declic dans des siéges spéciaux (13, 13a) prévus sur la surface de
ladite flange (3) de façon à bloquer ledit curseur (8) en position reculée d'ouverture
ou avancée de fermeture complète de ladite fenêtre d'entrée (4) et desdites goulottes
d'évacuation desdites canalisations de sortie (5, 5a) quand il est necessaire, ledit
curseur étant réalisé de façon à favoriser le flux d'air sans créer des tourbillons
ou d'obstacles audit flux.
4. Casque de sécurité selon la revendication 1 caractérisé en ce que à l'intérieur de
ladite conduite, sur la surface de la calotte (1) et avant ladite amenée d'air (2),
est située un déflecteur ou spoiler (15) ayant substantiellement une forme de triangle
isocèle ou de trapèze qui présente sa base majeure et à épaisseur moindre (7) devant
l'amenée d'air et connectée avec ladite canalisation unique d'entrée alors que ses
deux côtés pliés (18, 18a) sont connectés avec lesdites deux canalisations divergentes
de sortie (5, 5a) ayant les goulottes d'evacuation situées aux deux cotés opposés
de la partie postérieure de ladite flange (3).
5. Casque de sécurité selon la revendication 1 caractérisé en ce que ladite flange fixe
(3) et/ou ledit spoiler (15) sont obtenus comme une partie integrante de la calotte
1 en une seule pièce avec ladite calotte par moulage.
6. Casque de sécurité selon la revendication 1 caractérisé en ce que dans la partie postérieure
de ladite flange fixe (3) est obtenue une empreinte ou une zone baissée (19) qui communique
avec lesdites canalisations (5, 5a) lorsque ledit curseur (8) est en position reculée
d'ouverture, ce qui constitue de cette façon une goulotte d'évacuation supplémentaire.