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(11) | EP 0 799 356 B1 |
| (12) | EUROPEAN PATENT SPECIFICATION |
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| (54) |
AN EXTERNAL PLASTER FACING AND A METHOD OF MAKING IT AUSSENVERPUTZ UND DESSEN HERSTELLUNG PAREMENT DE PLATRE ET SON PROCEDE DE FABRICATION |
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| Note: Within nine months from the publication of the mention of the grant of the European patent, any person may give notice to the European Patent Office of opposition to the European patent granted. Notice of opposition shall be filed in a written reasoned statement. It shall not be deemed to have been filed until the opposition fee has been paid. (Art. 99(1) European Patent Convention). |
[0002] It is known from DE-C-693 554 to provide a building wall with an external plaster facing (façade lining) by first securing a layer of facing tiles to the wall and then applying a layer of plaster over the tiles. This procedure is very laborious and costly.
[0003] The present invention aims at providing an improved external plaster facing of the kind known from DE-C-693 554 and a method of making such a facing and more particularly an external plaster facing which has a ventilating gap between the wall and the inner or rear side of the facing tiles and which can be produced in a simple manner using well-tried components and materials available on the market.
[0004] An external plaster facing according to the invention comprises a layer of facing tiles attached to a building wall and a layer of plaster applied over the facing tiles and is characterised in that
the facing tiles are supported on the building wall by support bars which are attached to the wall and serve as spacers between the wall and the facing tiles, the facing tiles being hooked to the support bars from above with. freedom of movement relative to the wall parallel to the plane of the wall,
the facing tiles are arranged so as to overlap one another from above and with a gap between horizontally neighbouring tiles, said gap being open outwardly from the building wall and extending through a portion only of the thickness of the tiles, and
the gaps are filled with the plaster.
[0005] Further in accordance with the invention, a method of making an external plaster facing on a building wall comprises applying a layer of facing tiles to the building wall and then applying a layer of plaster mixture over the facing tiles and is characterised by
providing the building wall, before attaching the facing tiles to it, with support bars serving both as spacers between the wall and the tiles and as supports for the tiles, and then hooking the facing tiles to the support bars from above such that they have a freedom of movement relative to the wall parallel to the plane thereof,
arranging the tiles so that they overlap one another from above and a gap is formed between vertically neighbouring tiles, said gap being open outwardly from the building wall and extending through a portion only of the thickness of the tiles, and
filling the gap with the plaster mixture.
[0006] The invention will be described in greater detail below with reference to the accompanying drawing.
Fig. 1 is a vertical sectional view of a portion of an external facing embodying the invention;
Fig. 2 is an elevational view, drawn to a smaller scale, of the facing portion shown in Fig. 1, the plaster layer being removed over a portion of the figure so that the facing tiles behind the plaster layer can be seen.
[0007] As shown in the drawing, the external facing or facade lining is provided on a wall 11 of a building. Horizontally spaced-apart, fixedly secured support bars 12 are attached to the wall and comprise flanges 13 which project from the wall and are provided along their free, outwardly directed vertical edges with uniformly spaced-apart, upwardly directed hooks 14.
[0008] The hooks 14 of the support bars 12 support facing tiles 15 of stone material in a manner such that these facing tiles form a monolayer which covers the wall 11. At the same time, the flanges 13 of the support bars constitute spacer members which keep the rear side of the facing tiles 15 at a certain distance from the wall so that there is an air gap between the wall and the layer of facing tiles.
[0009] In their upper portion, the facing tiles 15 have a rebate 16 which extends along the upper edge on the front side and the depth of which approximately corresponds to one-half of the thickness or depth of the tiles. In their lower portion the tiles have a downwardly projecting lip 17 the thickness of which corresponds to the depth of the rebate.
[0010] As shown in Fig. 2, the facing tiles 15 are hooked up from above on the hooks 14 and the lower portion of the lip 17 extends from above into the rebate 16 of the next lower tile to slightly overlap this tile.
[0011] Between the lower edge of the lip 17 and the lower wall of the rebate 16, there is a gap so that the tiles 15 have a certain limited freedom of relative movement in the vertical direction, parallel to the wall 11.
[0012] The suspension of the tiles 15 on the hooks 14 is also designed such that the tiles also have a freedom of movement relative to one another and relative to the wall 11 in the horizontal direction and parallel to the wall. As is indicated in Fig. 2, a small gap may also exist between horizontally neighbouring tiles 15.
[0014] A layer 18 of plaster is applied to the front side of the layer of facing tiles 15. This layer of plaster also fills the gaps between the lower edge of the lip 17 and the lower wall or ledge of the rebates 16. The gaps may be completely filled so that the layer of plaster is even throughout the front side as is shown in Fig. 1 at the upper gaps. The filling may also be incomplete so that a depression of greater or lesser depth is formed at the gaps as is shown in Fig. 1 at the lowermost gap. Such incomplete filling may be utilized to provide a desired effect on the appearance.
[0015] If desired, the plaster may be reinforced by means of reinforcing netting or unbonded reinforcing fibres (not shown) as is known in the art.
[0016] The plaster may be a plaster mixture available on the market, such as lime-cement plaster mixture (LC-stuff). Because the facing tiles are relatively small, however, it may be preferable to use a slightly elastic plaster mixture, such as a polymer plaster mixture, so that the danger of the plaster cracking between the facing tiles because of relative movements of the tiles will be reduced. Several brands of polymer plaster mixtures are also available on the market.
the facing tiles (15) are supported on the building wall (11) by support bars (12) which are attached to the wall and serve as spacers between the wall (11) and the facing tiles, the facing tiles being hooked to the support bars from above with freedom of movement relative to the wall parallel to the plane of the wall,
the facing tiles are arranged so as to overlap one another from above and with a gap between horizontally neighbouring tiles, said gap being open outwardly from the building wall and extending through a portion only of the thickness of the tiles, and
the gaps are filled with the plaster.
providing the building wall (11), before attaching the facing tiles (15) to it, with support bars (12) serving both as spacers between the wall and the tiles and as supports for the tiles, and then hooking the facing tiles (15) to the support bars from above such that they have a freedom of movement relative to the wall (15) parallel to the plane thereof,
arranging the tiles (15) so that they overlap one another from above and a gap is formed between vertically neighbouring tiles, said gap being open outwardly from the building wall and extending through a portion only of the thickness of the tiles, and
filling the gap with the plaster mixture.
die Verkleidungsplatten (15) an der Gebäudewand (11) durch Haltestäbe (12) gehalten werden, die an der Wand befestigt sind und als Abstandshalter zwischen der Wand (11) und den Verkleidungsplatten dienen, wobei die Verkleidungsplatten an den Haltestäben von oben frei beweglich relativ zur Wand parallel zur Ebene der Wand eingehakt sind,
die Verkleidungsplatten in der Weise angeordnet sind, daß sie von oben einander überlappen und zwischen horizontal benachbarten Platten ein Spalt vorhanden ist, wobei der Spalt von der Gebäudewand auswärts offen ist und sich lediglich über einen Teil der Dicke der Platten erstreckt, und
die Spalte mit dem Verputz gefüllt sind.
Versehen der Gebäudewand (11) mit Haltestäben (12) vor der Befestigung der Verkleidungsplatten (15), wobei die Haltestäbe (12) sowohl als Abstandshalter zwischen der Wand und den Platten als auch als Halter für die Platten dienen, und anschließend Einhaken der Verkleidungsplatten (15) an den Haltestäben von oben in der Weise, daß sie relativ zur Wand (15) parallel zu ihrer Ebene frei beweglich sind,
Anordnen der Platten (15) in der Weise, daß sie von oben einander überlappen und zwischen vertikal benachbarten Platten ein Spalt gebildet wird, wobei der Spalt ausgehend von der Gebäudewand nach außen offen ist und sich lediglich über einen Teil der Dicke der Platten erstreckt, und
Füllen des Spalts mit dem Verputzgemisch.
les carreaux de parement (15) sont supportés sur le mur (11) du bâtiment par des barres de support (12) qui sont fixées au mur et servent d'écarteurs entre le mur (11) et les carreaux de parement, les carreaux de parement étant accrochés aux barres de support depuis le haut avec une liberté de mouvement relativement au mur, parallèle au plan du mur,
les carreaux de parement sont agencés de manière à se chevaucher les uns les autres depuis le haut et avec un espace entre des carreaux voisins horizontalement, ledit espace étant ouvert vers l'extérieur depuis le mur du bâtiment et s'étendant dans une partie seulement de l'épaisseur des carreaux, et
les espaces sont remplis du plâtre.
doter le mur (11) du bâtiment, avant d'y fixer les carreaux de parement (15), de barres de support (12) servant à la fois d'écarteurs entre le mur et les carreaux et de supports pour les carreaux, puis à accrocher les carreaux de parement (15) aux barres de support depuis le haut de manière qu'ils aient une liberté de mouvement relativement au mur (11), parallèle au plan du mur,
agencer les carreaux (15) de manière qu'ils se chevauchent les uns les autres depuis le haut et qu'un espace soit formé entre des carreaux voisins verticalement, ledit espace étant ouvert vers l'extérieur depuis le mur du bâtiment et s'étendant dans une partie seulement de l'épaisseur des carreaux, et
remplir l'espace du mélange de plâtre.