[0001] The invention relates generally to filter and antenna structures of radio equipment,
and particularly to the connection of a duplex filter to the antenna of a radio device.
[0002] Duplex filters are generally used for separating the transmit and receive signals
in radio devices, where the transmission and the reception are made at different frequencies
via the same antenna. A duplex filter is a three-port circuit element comprising a
transmitter port, a receiver port, and an antenna port. A radio signal supplied to
the transmitter port at the transmit frequency sees the signal path towards the reception
port as a high impedance, so that the radio power is not substantially directed to
the receiver port, but it is directed through the antenna port to the antenna, where
it is radiated as a radio signal to the environment. Correspondingly, a radio signal
received through the antenna and the antenna port at the receive frequency sees the
transmitter port as a high impedance, so that it is directed to the receiver port
and further to the receiver sections of the radio device. The difference between the
transmit frequency and the receive frequency is called the duplex interval. As distinguished
from an antenna switch, the function of the duplex filter is not generally based on
a switching function, in which the signal is controlled by e.g. semiconductor switches,
but on different frequency response characteristics of the filter components.
[0003] In the description below a mobile phone is treated as an illustrative radio device.
In a modern mobile phone the duplex filter is generally realized by transmission line
resonators, which for instance can be helix, coaxial, micro-strip or ceramic resonators.
The desired operation is achieved by combining resonators constructed for different
resonance frequencies, and by arranging the connections between them in a suitable
way. When an antenna is connected to the antenna port, it is provided with impedance
matching which adapts the impedance of the antenna port to the impedance of the antenna
itself.
[0004] The transmit branch of the duplex filter, i.e. the signal path from the transmitter
port to the antenna port, must be designed so that it can tolerate the transmit power
of the radio device, which in a typical mobile phone application is e.g. 0.6 to 1.2
W (in the DAMPS system, Digital Advanced Mobile Phone system), or 0.8 to 2 W (the
GSM system, Group Spéciale Mobile). The receive branch, i.e. the signal path from
the antenna port to the receiver port, would not require nearly as high power ratings
regarding the received radio power, but for certain exceptional situations the receive
branch of conventional solutions had to be dimensioned for almost as high power ratings
as the transmit branch. Exceptional situations refer particularly to a situation when,
for some reason or other, no antenna or corresponding radiating element is connected
to the antenna port, which means that in the worst case the transmitted radio signal
will see the antenna port as an open terminal, whereby it is reflected and tries to
reach the receive branch. If the reflected signal reaches such components of the receiver
section which are dimensioned for the normally received radio power of only a few
milliwatts, it can destroy these components.
[0005] An exceptional situation can occur for instance in a mobile phone when its retractable
antenna comprises a separate helix part and a whip part, of which one is connected
to the antenna port when the antenna is retracted within the cover of the phone, and
correspondingly the other is connected to the antenna port when the antenna is extracted.
In an intermediate state it may happen that neither of these is connected to the antenna
port. In a mobile phone provided with a detachable antenna there might also occur
a situation where the telephone transmits, even if the antenna is detached. An exceptional
situation can also result if the antenna is broken, or if the antenna connector is
damaged as a result of the telephone being dropped or due to inappropriate handling.
The impedance seen by the transmit signal in an exceptional situation will depend
on the length of the transmission line between the filter and the antenna, on the
location and connection of any impedance matching elements, and on the quality and
location of the fault in a fault situation.
[0006] Regarding the filter technique it would be advantageous, if it would not be necessary
to design the duplex filter to withstand high power. For instance, it would be advantageous
to use small-size acoustic filters (SAW, Surface Acoustic Wave) in mobile phones,
but currently these filters withstand a power of only 0.04 to 0.1 W. An example of
the use of SAW technique is in the article by Ikata et al. "
Developement of small antenna duplexer using saw filters for handheld phones" (IEEE Proceedings of the ultrasonics symposium, vol.1, 31 October 1993). In this
article a small size duplex filter consisting of SAW-resonators and strip lines is
descripted. An antenna and the connecting of the antenna are not presented.
[0007] In the prior art there are solutions in which the duplex filter comprises a power
impeding circuit or attenuator, which is located between the antenna port and the
receive filter and dimensioned for a low power, and the function of which in an exceptional
situation is to attenuate the radio power reflected from the antenna port to the receive
branch so much that it will not damage the SAW filter used as the receive filter.
However, these solutions have the disadvantage that a power impeding or attenuating
circuit always also to some degree attenuates the received signal, whereby the signal-to-noise
ratio is worsened.
[0008] One potential outcome of this invention is an antenna and duplex filter structure,
in which the components of the receive branch can be dimensioned for a substantially
lower power than the transmit power, without any risk for these components to be damaged
in an exceptional situation like those described above. Another potential outcome
is to present an antenna and a duplex filter structure, where it is possible to use
surface acoustic filters in the receive branch, without a separate power impeding
or attenuating circuit. Another potential outcome is further to present an antenna
and duplex filter structure, which due to its size, characteristics and manufacturing
costs is suitable for series production of modem mobile phones. Another potential
outcome is to present an antenna and duplex filter structure where transmission line
losses and space requirement is minimized.
[0009] Preferred aspects of the invention are attained with an integrated solution, in which
the antenna has a fixed connection to the antenna port of the duplex filter structure.
[0010] The antenna and duplex filter structure may suitably be characterized in that said
antenna at its input point is connected directly to the duplex filter.
[0011] In order to avoid a situation where the transmit power is reflected from an open
antenna port to the duplex filter it must preferably be secured in a way or other
that the antenna port is never open. The arrangement of the invention preferably takes
care of this so that the radiating antenna element has a fixed connection at its input
point, directly to the duplex filter, without any transmission lines or coaxial lines.
Further the structure according to the invention preferably means the antenna impedance
is matched in the duplex filter itself.
[0012] The combined antenna and duplex filter structure according to the invention comprises
a duplex filter having a transmitter port and a receiver port, and an antenna connected
directly to the duplex filter at an antenna connection point. From the standpoint
of the invention it is not necessarily essential in which technology the filter is
realized or which antenna structure is used. In the preferred embodiment the filter
may comprise helix or ceramic resonators. Because it is not necessary to design the
receive branch to tolerate a high power level, it can preferably comprise a surface
acoustic filter. The antenna can also be a planar antenna (PIFA, Planar Inverted F-Antenna),
a radiation coupled antenna (RCDLA, Radiation coupled Double L-Antenna) or a micro-strip
antenna (micro-strip/patch antenna). According to the preferred embodiment the structure
according to the invention is placed in a mobile phone or in a corresponding device
so that the outer covering of the device protects the antenna, or at least the connection
between the input point of the antenna and the duplex filter, against mechanical stress.
[0013] Because the transmit power is not reflected towards the receiver port in any situation,
the receive filter can be dimensioned for a substantially lower power level than hitherto,
whereby it is for instance possible to utilize the characteristics of SAW filters.
The invention may provide an advantage compared to prior art, in that the impedance
matching required by the antenna can be made directly in the duplex filter by using
partly components already present in the filter. The components of the duplex filter
can also be designed so that the impedance of the duplex filter at the antenna connection
point directly corresponds to the input impedance of the antenna, so that no separate
impedance matching is required. The structure according to the invention may also
reduce or minimize transmission line losses which are typical in a prior art mobile
phone, in which the antenna is connected to the duplex filter via a coaxial line or
a transmission line.
[0014] The invention is described in more detail below with reference to the preferred embodiments
shown as examples and to the enclosed figures, in which
figure 1a shows schematically a prior art antenna and duplex filter structure;
figure 1b shows schematically an antenna and duplex filter structure according to
the invention;
figure 2a shows a preferred embodiment according to the invention;
figure 2b shows another preferred embodiment according to the invention;
figure 3a shows a third preferred embodiment according to the invention;
figure 3b shows a fourth preferred embodiment according to the invention;
figure 4 shows a fifth preferred embodiment according to the invention;
figure 5 shows in more detail a way to realize a mechanical connection, which can
be used to realize the structure according to the invention;
figures 6a to 6c schematically show preferred ways to locate the structure according
to the invention in a mobile phone;
figure 7a shows in more detail another way to realize a mechanical connection, which
can be used to realize the structure according to the invention;
figure 7b shows the structure according to figure 7a, when the movable part of the
antenna is retracted;
figures 8a and 8b show schematically a preferred way to locate the structure according
to figures 7a and 7b in a mobile phone;
figure 9 shows a sixth embodiment of the structure according to the invention; and
figure 10 shows schematically a preferred way to locate the structure according to
figure 9 in a mobile phone.
[0015] The same reference numerals have been used in the figures for corresponding parts.
[0016] Figure 1a shows schematically a prior art antenna and duplex filter structure, where
the antenna 1 is connected via a coaxial line 4 to the antenna port 3 of the duplex
filter 2a. Further the structure comprises an impedance matching circuit 5 close to
the junction of the coaxial line 4 and the antenna 1. It has to be noted that because
a person skilled in the art regards the transmission line 4 between the antenna and
the duplex filter and the impedance matching circuit 5 as self-evident parts of a
radio apparatus, they are frequently omitted from schematic circuit diagrams and block
diagram representations (this practice is comparable to that of leaving the operating
voltage connections of integrated circuits out of circuit diagrams to enhance graphical
clarity). Figure 1b shows a corresponding structure according to the invention, in
which the input point of the antenna 1 is connected directly to the duplex filter
2b at an antenna connection point 3, which can also be nominated as an antenna port.
The structure according to the invention requires no separate transmission lines between
the filter and the antenna, and no separate impedance matching circuits.
[0017] Figure 2a shows a structure according to the invention, in which the filter TX of
the transmit branch of the duplex filter comprises helix resonators 6, and in which
the filter RX is a surface acoustic filter 7. The substrate of the filter is a circuit
board 8 made of low-loss material and with comb-like branches supporting the helix
resonators 6. A structure where a circuit board with branches supports the helix resonators
is called a helix filter with a comb structure, and it is
per se a filter type known by a person skilled in the art. With a method known
per se the surface of the circuit board 8 is provided with strip lines for wire connections
and terminal pads to attach the required discrete components, such as switching diodes.
[0018] For the sake of clarity the figures do not show strip lines, terminal pads and discrete
components, which are not relevant for the invention. The surface acoustic filter
7 of the receive branch RX is attached on the surface of the circuit board 8, and
required connections are arranged as strip lines. The surface acoustic filter 7 of
the receive branch RX is attached on the surface of the circuit board 8, on which
required wire connections are made as strip lines. In order to achieve the correct
function of the resonators and to prevent electromagnetic interference the filter
is protected according to a practice known by a person skilled in the art by a cover
made of electrically conducting material, which for the sake of clarity is not shown
in figure 2a.
[0019] The antenna connection point 3, the transmitter port 9 and the receiver port 10 of
the duplex filter shown in figure 2a are connection points made on the circuit board
8. According to the invention the antenna 1 is connected directly to the filter at
an antenna connection point 3. The duplex filter's impedance at the antenna connection
point 3, which in the preferred embodiment of the invention is matched directly to
the input impedance of the antenna, is determined in a way known
per se to a person skilled in the art by the dimensioning the strip lines made on the circuit
board surface and any discrete components connected to the strip lines, and by their
mutual location on the circuit board.
[0020] The antenna and duplex filter structure shown in figure 2b corresponds to that of
figure 2a, but here the filter section of the transmit branch TX is realized with
ceramic resonators. The body of the resonators is a block 11 made of a dielectric
ceramic material, and the resonators 12 are holes made in the block and coated with
an electrically conducting material. The ceramic body 11 is fastened on a substrate
or a circuit board 8 made of low-loss material, the surface of which is used to form
strip lines and connection patches, in the same way as described in connection with
figure 2a. The antenna port 3, the transmitter port 9 and the receiver port 10 are
also terminal points made on the circuit board 8. According to the invention the antenna
1 is connected directly to the antenna port 3. Also this structure is protected by
a cover made of generally electrically conducting material.
[0021] In the embodiments of figures 2a and 2b a part of the helix or ceramic resonators
can be used in the receive branch, whereby the filter of the transmit branch comprises
only resonators and the filter of the receive branch comprises both resonators and
a surface acoustic filter 7.
[0022] Figure 3a shows a filter structure, in which the filter section of both the transmit
branch TX and the receive branch RX comprise only helix resonators 6. Filters of this
type do not have the same power tolerance problems as surface acoustic filters, but
when the antenna 1 is connected directly to the filter at an antenna connection point
3 we achieve the other advantages of the invention, i.e. the transmission line losses
are low and the space requirements are small, and the filter's impedance at the antenna
connection point can be designed so that it directly corresponds to the input impedance
of the antenna. The structure of figure 3b corresponds to that of figure 3a, but here
ceramic resonators 12 are used as filter resonators.
[0023] With advances in technology it is probable that in the future it is possible to manufacture
surface acoustic filters having so high power ratings that they can also be used in
the transmit branch of the duplex filter. Figure 4 shows a combined antenna and duplex
filter structure according to the invention, in which a surface acoustic filter 7,
13 is used as the filter in both the transmit branch TX and the receive branch. Then
the size of the structure can probably be made substantially smaller than with the
current filter technology. Even if the power rating requirements do not restrict the
realization of the structure, it is useful to make according to the invention the
connection of the antenna 1 directly to the antenna port 3 of the filter, in order
to minimize transmission line losses and in order to arrange the impedance matchings
as advantageously as possible.
[0024] Figure 5 shows an arrangement to attach the antenna to the filter. Figure 5 corresponds
to the structure of figure 2b, in that there the filter of the transmit branch TX
is realized by ceramic resonators 12, and the filter of the receive branch RX is a
surface acoustic filter 7. Required wire connections are made as strip lines 14 on
the surface of the circuit board 8. The antenna connector 15 has a fixed connection
to the filter structure, in this case to the circuit board 8. In the neighborhood
of the connector there can be matching elements (not shown in the figure) for the
matching of the filter's impedance to the input impedance of the antenna 1. The outline
of the electrically conducting and protecting cover 16 placed on the filter is shown
with a broken line in figure 5.
[0025] The structure according to the invention is preferably placed in a mobile phone or
other radio device so that the outer covering of the device protects both the filter
and at least partly also the antenna, and particularly the junction between the antenna
and the duplex filter, against bending and impacts. The figures 6a to 6c show different
exemplary alternative locations. The reference numeral 17 denotes the circuit board
of the mobile phone and the reference numeral 18 denotes the outer covering of the
telephone, which can be designed in many different ways. In figure 6a a helix antenna
1a is used as the antenna, whereby the combination according to the invention formed
by the antenna and the duplex filter 2b is quite small and compact. It can be located
in the top part of the mobile phone so that the duplex filter 2b is fastened to the
telephone's circuit board 17 and the helix antenna 1a is directed upwards, or in the
position shown in the figure, away from the circuit board 17. The outer covering 18
of the mobile phone is designed in this embodiment so that it encloses all components,
whereby the structure is very compact, and viewed from the outside it is elegant in
a simple way.
[0026] The embodiment of figure 6b utilizes a whip antenna 1b having a substantially greater
length in the direction of its longitudinal axis than the helix antenna of a corresponding
electrical length. Then it is usually not worth wile to enclose the whole antenna
1b within the outer covering 18, but a part of the antenna is left visible. The task
of the telephone's outer covering 18 is to protect the base of the antenna 1b and
the junction between it and the duplex filter 2b. The visible part of the antenna
is made flexible, so that it withstands bending an other mechanical stresses. Figure
6c shows a modification of the same structure, where the antenna port of the duplex
filter 2b due to its structure is located at one end of its longitudinal shape. Then
the filter 2b can be mounted on the circuit board 17 in a vertical direction as seen
in the figure. Other mounting directions are also possible.
[0027] The structure according to the invention can be used also when the antenna of the
radio device is retractable or otherwise movable. Such a solution comes often into
question in mobile phones, which in the portable state must occupy as little space
as possible, but which require a rather long antenna for the best communication quality.
In the prior art several retractable antennas are known which have both helix and
whip parts. Particularly reference is made to the antenna structure presented in the
Finnish patent application FI-952742 (LK-Products Oy: Kaksitoiminen antenni (Double-acting
antenna)), in which the antenna structure comprises a fixed helix part and a whip
part which can be moved in relation to the helix part, whereby the extracted whip
part forms a series connection with said helix part. Figure 7a illustrates a way to
connect such an antenna to be a part of a combined antenna and duplex filter structure
according to the invention. The filter utilizes a ceramic filter 12 in the transmit
branch and a surface acoustic filter 7 in the receive branch. The antenna connector
15 has a fixed connection to the low-loss circuit board 8 of the filter, and the required
conductor connections between the connector and the other parts of the filter are
made by strip lines 14. The antenna helix part 19 has a fixed connection to the antenna
connector 15, which in the center has a hole, in which the whip part 20 can move back
and forth. The electrically conducting and protecting cover 16 of the duplex filter
covers in the embodiment of figure 7a only the filters 12 and 7, but it could also
be designed so that the antenna connector 15 is within the cover. In the situation
of figure 7a the whip part 20 is extracted, whereby it forms a series connection with
the helix part 19. In figure 7b the whip part 20 is retracted, whereby only the helix
part 19 acts as the antenna of the telephone. The presented structure, in which the
helix part 19 has a fixed connection to the antenna connector 15, is advantageous
in that when the antenna is moved there occurs no such situation in which no radiating
element would be connected to the antenna port of the filter.
[0028] Figures 8a and 8b correspond to the figures 7a and 7b and show an example of how
the structure presented there is located in a mobile phone, when the antenna whip
part 20 is extracted (figure 8a) and retracted (figure 8b). The telephone's outer
covering is preferably designed so that it covers the helix part 19. The cover has
a hole, in which the whip part 20 can move back and forth. Other alternatives for
the location and design are also possible.
[0029] Figure 9 shows schematically an alternative to use a planar antenna as a part of
the combined antenna and duplex filter structure according to the invention. The figure
shows a duplex filter 2b enclosed by an electrically conducting cover, and a PIFA
antenna 21 (Planar Inverted F-Antenna) known
per se to a person skilled in the art, which is connected to one corner of the cover. The
casing of the filter acts as an essentially shorting element, which is essential to
the function of the antenna, and the antenna input is at the connection point of the
antenna port 3 at the center of the filter. Instead of the PIFA structure shown in
the figure also other planar antennas known
per se can be used, such as micro strip antennas and RCDLA antennas (Radiation coupled Double
L-Antenna).
[0030] Figure 10 shows an exemplary way to locate the structure of figure 9 in a mobile
phone. The probable position of the mobile phone in use must be observed when the
planar antenna is placed the mobile phone
's case, because the whole planar antenna is preferably located within the case so
that the antenna should operate in the best possible way, and so that as little as
possible of its radiation would be directed to the telephone user. A preferred location
is in the upper part of the mobile phone, and on its back side, so that in a normal
position of use the antenna is located as far as possible from the body and the head
of the user, and so that the user's hand has as little influence as possible on the
radiation characteristics of the antenna. The radiation pattern of the planar antenna
is directional, and the direction of the strongest amplification should point away
from the body of the user.
[0031] Above it was discussed how the structure according to the invention is placed mainly
in a mobile phone. However, the presented examples are not intended to be limiting,
but to a person skilled in the art it is clear that the invention can be applied in
many different filter and antenna structures in radio devices of all kinds, preferably
at the UHF and VHF frequencies, but also at other frequencies.
[0032] The invention presents a potential solution to the receive branch power tolerance
problem of a duplex filter, so that very small-sized filters can be used, for instance
surface acoustic filters. The invention preferably does not require any particular
and exact manufacturing steps, and no particularly expensive components or materials,
so aspects of the invention are well suited for series production of radio devices,
such as mobile phones.
1. A combined antenna and duplex filter structure, which antenna comprises a connector
and which duplex filter comprises
- an antenna connection point to direct the transmit signal to the antenna and to
direct the received signal from the antenna,
- a transmitter port for the input of the transmit signal, and
- a receiver port for the output of the received signal,
characterized in that the antenna (1) and the duplex filter (2b) are integrated so that said connector
(15) is fixed directly to the antenna connection point (3).
2. A combined structure according to claim 1, characterized in that said duplex filter (2b) comprises a transmit branch (TX) between said transmitter
port (9) and said antenna connection point (3), and a receive branch (RX) between
said antenna connection point (3) and said receiver port (10), and that said receive
branch (RX) comprises a surface acoustic filter (7) (SAW, Surface Acoustic Wave).
3. A combined structure according to claim 2, characterized in that said transmit branch (TX) comprises ceramic resonators (12).
4. A combined structure according to claim 2, characterized in that said transmit branch (TX) comprises helix resonators (6).
5. A combined structure according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that said receive branch (RX) further comprises ceramic resonators.
6. A combined structure according to claim 2 or 4, characterized in that said receive branch (RX) further comprises helix resonators.
7. A combined structure according to claim 1, characterized in that said duplex filter (2b) is wholly realized in ceramic resonator technology (12).
8. A combined structure according to claim 1, characterized in that said duplex filter (2b) is wholly realized in helix resonator technology (6).
9. A combined structure according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that said duplex filter (2b) is wholly realized in surface acoustic filter technology
(7, 13).
10. A combined structure according to any previous claim, characterized in that said antenna (1) is one of the following: a helix antenna (1a), a whip antenna (1b),
a combined helix and whip antenna (19, 20), an extractable antenna (20), a micro-strip
antenna, a planar inverted F-antenna (21) (PIFA), a radiation coupled double L-antenna
(RCDLA).
11. A radio communication device, which comprises an outer covering, an antenna and a
duplex filter, which antenna comprises a connector and which duplex filter comprises
- an antenna connection point to direct the transmit signal to the antenna and to
direct the received signal from the antenna,
- a transmitter port for the input of the transmit signal, and
- a receiver port for the output of the received signal,
characterized in that the antenna and the duplex filter are integrated so that said connector is fixed
directly to the antenna connection point, and that the antenna and the duplex filter
are located within said outer covering (18), which is designed to protect at least
the junction between the antenna and the duplex filter.
12. A radio communication device according to claim 12, characterized in that it is mobile phone of a cellular radio network.
1. Aus der Kombination einer Antenne mit einem Duplexfilter gebildete Baugruppe, deren
Antenne ein Anschlußteil einschließt und deren Duplexfilter einschließt:
- einen Antennenverbindungspunkt, um das Sendesignal zur Antenne auszurichten und
um das von der Antenne kommende, aufgenommene Signal auszurichten,
- einen Senderanschluß für den Eingang des Sendesignals und
- einen Empfängeranschluß für das Ausgeben des empfangenen Signals,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
die Antenne (1) und das Duplexfilter (2b) integriert sind, sodass das genannte Anschlußteil
(15) direkt dem Antennenverbindungspunkt (3) fest zugeordnet ist.
2. Kombinierte Baugruppe nach Anspruch 1,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
das genannte Duplexfilter (2b) einen Sendezweig (TX) zwischen dem genannten Senderanschluß
(9) und dem genannten Antennenverbindungspunkt (3) einschließt sowie einen Empfangszweig
(RX) zwischen dem genannten Antennenverbindungspunkt (3) und dem genannten Empfängeranschluß
(10) und dass der genannte Empfangszweig (RX) ein akustisches Oberflächenfilter (7)
(SAW, Surface Acoustic Wave -akustische Oberflächenwelle) einschließt.
3. Kombinierte Baugruppe nach Anspruch 2,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
der genannte Sendezweig (TX) Keramik-Resonatoren (12) einschließt.
4. Kombinierte Baugruppe nach Anspruch 2,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
der genannte Sendezweig (TX) gewickelte Resonatoren einschließt.
5. Kombinierte Baugruppe nach Anspruch 2,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
der genannte Empfangszweig (RX) ferner Keramikresonatoren einschließt.
6. Kombinierte Baugruppe nach Anspruch 2,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
der genannte Empfangszweig (RX) ferner gewickelte Resonatoren einschließt.
7. Kombinierte Baugruppe nach Anspruch 1,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
das genannte Duplexfilter (2b) in seiner Gesamtheit in Keramik-Resonatoren-Technologie
(12) ausgeführt ist.
8. Kombinierte Baugruppe nach Anspruch 1,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
das genannte Duplexfilter (2b) in seiner Gesamtheit in Wikkelresonatorentechnologie
ausgeführt ist.
9. Kombinierte Baugruppe nach Anspruch 1 oder 2,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
das Duplexfilter in seiner Gesamtheit in der Technologie akustischer Oberflächenfilter
ausgeführt ist.
10. Kombinierte Baugruppe nach einem beliebigen der vorstehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
die genannte Antenne (1) eine der folgenden ist: eine gewickelte Antenne (1a), eine
Peitschenantenne (1b), eine kombinierte Wickel-Peitschen-Antenne (19, 20), eine ausziehbare
Antenne (20), eine Mikrostreifenantenne, eine ebene Umgekehrt-F-Antenne (21) (PIFA),
eine strahlungsgekoppelte Doppel-L-Antenne (RCDLA).
11. Funkkommunikationsvorrichtung mit einem äußeren Gehäuse, einer Antenne und einem Duplexfilter,
wobei die Antenne ein Anschlußteil einschließt und das Duplexfilter einschließt
- einen Antennenverbindungspunkt, um das Sendesignal zur Antenne auszurichten und
um das von der Antenne kommende, aufgenommene Signal auszurichten,
- einen Senderanschluß für den Eingang des Sendesignals und
- einen Empfängeranschluß für das Ausgeben des empfangenen Signals
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
die Antenne und das Duplexfilter innerhalb des genannten äußeren Gehäuses (18) angeordnet
sind, das so ausgebildet ist, dass es zumindest die Verbindung zwischen der Antenne
und dem Duplexfilter schützt.
12. Funkkommunikationsvorrichtung nach Anspruch 1,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
sie ein Mobilfunktelefon eines zellularen Funknetzwerkes ist.
1. Structure combinée d'antenne et de filtre duplex, laquelle antenne comprend un connecteur
et lequel filtre duplex comprend :
un point de connexion d'antenne pour diriger le signal d'émission sur l'antenne et
pour diriger le signal reçu depuis l'antenne ;
un port d'émetteur pour l'entrée du signal d'émission ; et
un port de récepteur pour la sortie du signal reçu,
caractérisée en ce que l'antenne (1) et le filtre duplex (2b) sont intégrés de telle sorte que ledit connecteur
(15) soit fixé directement sur le point de connexion d'antenne (3).
2. Structure combinée selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que ledit filtre duplex (2b) comprend une branche d'émission (TX) entre ledit port d'émetteur
(9) et ledit point de connexion d'antenne (3) et une branche de réception (RX) entre
ledit point de connexion d'antenne (3) et ledit port de récepteur (10), et en ce que ladite branche de réception (RX) comprend un filtre acoustique de surface (7) (SAW,
ondes acoustiques de surface).
3. Structure combinée selon la revendication 2, caractérisée en ce que ladite branche d'émission (TX) comprend des résonateurs en céramique (12).
4. Structure combinée selon la revendication 2, caractérisée en ce que ladite branche d'émission (TX) comprend des résonateurs en hélice (6).
5. Structure combinée selon la revendication 2 où 3, caractérisée en ce que ladite branche de réception (RX) comprend en outre des résonateurs en céramique.
6. Structure combinée selon la revendication 2 ou 4, caractérisée en ce que ladite branche de réception (RX) comprend en outre des résonateurs en hélice.
7. Structure combinée selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que ledit filtre duplex (2b) est totalement réalisé selon une technologie par résonateurs
en céramique (12).
8. Structure combinée selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que ledit filtre duplex (2b) est totalement réalisé selon une technologie par résonateurs
en hélice (6).
9. Structure combinée selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisée en ce que ledit filtre duplex (2b) est totalement réalisé selon une technologie par filtres
acoustiques de surface (7, 13).
10. Structure combinée selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que ladite antenne (1) est une antenne prise parmi celles qui suivent : une antenne en
hélice (1a), une antenne-fouet (1b), une antenne combinée en hélice et fouet (19,
20), une antenne rétractable (20), une antenne microbande, une antenne en F inversé
plane (21) (PIFA) et une antenne en L double couplée en rayonnement (RCDLA).
11. Dispositif de communication radio qui comprend un recouvrement externe, une antenne
et un filtre duplex, laquelle antenne comprend un connecteur et lequel filtre duplex
comprend :
un point de connexion d'antenne pour diriger le signal d'émission sur l'antenne et
pour diriger le signal reçu depuis l'antenne ;
un port d'émetteur pour l'entrée du signal d'émission ; et
un port de récepteur pour la sortie du signal reçu,
caractérisé en ce que l'antenne et le filtre duplex sont intégrés de telle sorte que ledit connecteur soit
fixé directement sur le point de connexion d'antenne et
en ce que l'antenne et le filtre duplex sont localisés à l'intérieur dudit recouvrement externe
(18), lequel est conçu pour protéger au moins la jonction entre l'antenne et le filtre
duplex.
12. Dispositif de communication radio selon la revendication 11, caractérisé en ce qu'il s'agit d'un téléphone mobile d'un réseau radio cellulaire.