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EP 0 892 132 B1 |
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EUROPEAN PATENT SPECIFICATION |
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Mention of the grant of the patent: |
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12.03.2003 Bulletin 2003/11 |
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Date of filing: 15.07.1998 |
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International Patent Classification (IPC)7: E05B 53/00 |
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Lock
Schloss
Serrure
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Designated Contracting States: |
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AT BE CH CY DE DK ES FI FR GB GR IE IT LI LU MC NL PT SE |
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Priority: |
18.07.1997 GB 9715113
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Date of publication of application: |
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20.01.1999 Bulletin 1999/03 |
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Proprietor: Banham Patent Locks Limited |
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London W8 6SF (GB) |
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Inventor: |
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- Cowper, Brian
New Malden, Surrey KT3 3HP (GB)
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Representative: Prutton, Roger et al |
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MARKS & CLERK,
Alpha Tower,
Suffolk Street Queensway Birmingham B1 1TT Birmingham B1 1TT (GB) |
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References cited: :
CH-A- 623 102 DE-A- 4 143 292 DE-U- 9 411 842 FR-A- 2 697 566
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DE-A- 2 442 467 DE-U- 9 400 037 FR-A- 1 349 251 GB-A- 645 556
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Note: Within nine months from the publication of the mention of the grant of the European
patent, any person may give notice to the European Patent Office of opposition to
the European patent
granted. Notice of opposition shall be filed in a written reasoned statement. It shall
not be deemed to
have been filed until the opposition fee has been paid. (Art. 99(1) European Patent
Convention).
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[0001] The present invention relates to an improvement in the design of locks. More specifically,
the present invention is concerned with improving the bolt action of locks.
[0002] In addition to a lock mechanism being resistant to tampering, the lock should not
give way easily under a physical attack. One factor in determining how well a lock
will resist physical attack is the depth to which the bolt is driven into the surrounding
structure, eg. door frame, on locking. The degree of movement of the bolt between
locked and unlocked positions is commonly referred to as the throw of the bolt.
[0003] In a conventional lock, the bolt is engageable with the locking mechanism via a rotatable
cam which is driven by the locking mechanism. The throw of the bolt is determined
by the radius of the cam and the proportion of its path during which it is engaged
with the bolt, this being physically limited to less than 180°.
[0004] In a different type of lock, a larger throw of the bolt is achieved by rotating the
cam through two or more complete revolutions so that it engages with the bolt on each
revolution, thereby increasing the throw of the bolt. However, there is a potential
security risk, in that the key can be removed after each revolution. Thus, it is possible
for the bolt to be left in a partially thrown position.
[0005] DE 24 42 467 A discloses a lock having a pivoted deadbolt which is moved backwards
and forwards by means of a bolt control slide which has mounted thereon a plate constituting
a tumbler, which itself has a cover plate mounted thereon. The tumbler is raised by
a cam of a cylinder lock. A lug projecting from the underside of the tumbler projects
into a slot portion of the bolt control slide and locks the slide in its end positions,
this preventing retraction of the bolt, when it is in its locked position.
[0006] It is an object of the present invention to provide a lock in which the throw of
the bolt is increased as compared with conventional locks by means of a single or
part revolution of a key.
[0007] According to the present invention, there is provided a lock comprising a body, a
bolt member mounted for movement relative to the body, a drive means and a link means,
said link means comprising a first member slidable relative to the body and engageable
with the drive means for movement thereby, and a second member moveable about a pivot
mounting, said second member being driveably connected with said bolt member, wherein
said first member is coupled to said second member at a position between said pivot
mounting and the bolt member, such that, in use, activation of the drive means causes
movement of the sliding first member which in turn produces a relatively larger movement
of the bolt member, a retaining plate mounted in the body for movement relative thereto
being resiliently biased towards the drive means and engageable therewith, such that
in a locked position the bolt member abuts the retaining plate such that the bolt
member cannot be retracted.
[0008] In one embodiment, the second member forms part of the bolt member, in which case
the bolt is known as a swing or hook bolt. In use, such a bolt has the advantage of
being more difficult to prise from its keep. In addition, such a hook bolt is suitable
for use in a slidably mounted unit, e.g. sliding door. Preferably, when used in such
an application, the lock additionally comprises at least one outwardly extending pin
which, in use, locates in a recess provided in a structure to which the slidably mounted
unit is to be secured. The provision of such a pin prevents the slidably mounted unit
from being levered in a direction parallel to an interface between the slidably mounted
unit and the structure to which it is secured when the bolt is in a locked position.
[0009] Alternatively, the second member and bolt member may be integrally formed as a single
component.
[0010] It will be understood from the above that the relative distance between (i) the position
of coupling of the first and second members and the pivot mounting and (ii) the position
of coupling of the first and second members and the bolt member determines the degree
of leverage obtained.
[0011] The drive means may include mechanical, electromagnetic or electromechanical means,
or a combination thereof. Preferably the drive means is a hand-operated key mechanism.
[0012] Preferably the lock is a dead-bolt lock. That is, once the bolt is in a locked position,
it cannot be retracted into an unlocked position without activation of the drive means.
More preferably, such dead locking is also provided when the bolt is in an unlocked
position.
[0013] In the unlocked position, the bolt member abuts the retaining plate such that the
bolt member cannot be extended, activation of the drive means engaging and moving
the retaining plate so that it no longer retains the bolt member, which is then freely
moveable between its locked and unlocked positions.
[0014] Thus it is to be understood that a single operation of the drive means effects both
movement of the bolt and deadlocking.
[0015] Preferably, the bolt member has a shoulder region and the retaining plate has an
abutment surface, such that movement of the bolt member from its locked position to
its unlocked position is prevented by engagement between the shoulder region and the
abutment surface, thereby achieving deadlocking.
[0016] Embodiments of the present invention will be described, by way of example, with reference
to the accompanying drawings in which;
Fig 1 is a view of a door lock according to the present invention in an unlocked position,
Fig 2 is a view of the lock of Fig 1 in an intermediate position,
Fig 3 is a view of the lock of Figs 1 and 2 in a locked position,
Figs 4, 5a, 5b and 6 are perspective views of part of lock shown in Fig 1 to 3, and
Fig 7 is a view of another embodiment of a lock according to the present invention.
[0017] Referring to Figs 1 to 6, a door lock comprises a body 2, a mounting plate 4, a face
plate 6, a key-operated cylinder locking mechanism 8, a swing bolt 10, a bolt-retaining
plate 12 and a linking member 14. The body 2 is formed by a first side plate 2a having
substantially perpendicularly upstanding edges 2b, a portion of the mounting plate
4 which is riveted to flanges 16 upstanding from the first side plate 2a, and a second
side plate (not shown) which has a downwardly projecting edge and which is releasably
secured to the first side plate 2a by screws at internally screw-threaded posts 18a,18b,18c,18d.
[0018] The locking mechanism 8 is partially located in a passage 20 between said first 2a
and second (not shown) side plates of the body such that it protrudes out of both
ends of the passage, and includes a rotatable cam 8a which is located entirely within
the body 2 and a key receiving slot 8b. First 19 and second (not shown) sleeve members
encase the protruding portions of the locking mechanism 8 and are secured thereto,
each in abutment with a different one of the first 2a and second (not shown) side
plates, thereby preventing axial movement of the locking mechanism 8 in the passage
20. Uwanted rotation of the locking mechanism is prevented by a pair of projections
19a ( Fig 4, only one shown) on the first sleeve member 19 which are located in the
passage 20 in abutment with the first side plate 2a. The lock is rendered tamper resistant
by the provision on the first side plate 2a of an upstanding ridge 2d which abuts
the cam 8a when the lock is in its locked position (Fig 3). Thus, even if the second
sleeve member is removed (as shown in Figs 1-3) the locking mechanism 8 is securely
fixed in position by virtue of the abutment of the ridge 2d with the cam 8a and abutment
of the projections 19a of the first sleeve member 19 with the first side plate 2a.
Conversely there should be provision for dismantling of the lock. In its unlocked
position and with the second sleeve removed (Fig 1), there is no abutment of the cam
8a with the first side plate 2a, allowing the projections 19a, and consequently the
locking mechanism 8, to be withdrawn from the passage 20.
[0019] In this embodiment, the locking mechanism 8 shown is that which is described in more
detail in copending British Application No. 9715114.6.
[0020] The swing bolt 10 has a head portion 10a with a shoulder 10b, a stepped region 10c
being defined therebetween, and an arm portion 10d. The bolt 10 is mounted for movement
relative to the body 2 about a first pin 22 and a pair of retaining washers 24 (only
one shown) which are held between said first 2a and second (not shown) side plates
at a free end of the arm portion 10d. The bolt 10 is of four piece laminate construction,
with two inner pieces 10e (only one shown) forming the arm 10d and part of the head
10a and two outer pieces 10f (only one shown) forming the remainder of the head 10a.
In another embodiment (not shown), the bolt is of unitary construction formed by casting.
In use, the head 10a of the bolt 10 may partially protrude from the body 2 through
an aperture (not shown) provided in the mounting plate 4 and face plate 6.
[0021] The bolt 10 is moveable by the cam 8a of the locking mechanism 8, in use, via the
linking member 14. The linking member 14 is provided with substantially perpendicular
first 14a and second 14b slots, a recess 14c and a peg 14d (Figs 5a and 5b). The linking
member 14 is mounted in the body 2 for sliding movement (Figs 1-3), the direction
and extent of such movement determined by a groove 2c in the first side plate 2a in
which the peg 14d is located and the post 18b which is located in the first slot 14a.
The linking member 14 is attached to an intermediate position of the arm portion 10d
of the bolt 10 by a pin 26 which passes through the arm portion 10d and is located
in the second slot 14b of the linking member 14.
[0022] The bolt-retaining plate 12 has a pair of parallel slots 12a,12b, a recess 12c, a
shallow indentation 12d and an abutment member 28 having first 28a and second 28b
abutment surfaces (Fig 6). In the assembled lock (as shown in Figs 1-3) the plate
12 is located in the body 2 by posts 18a and 18b in slots 12a and 12b respectively,
thereby allowing movement relative to the body 2 in a direction substantially perpendicular
to the direction of movement of the linking member 14. The recess 12c in an end of
the plate 12 remote from the locking mechanism 8 locates one end of a compression
spring 30, the other end of the spring 30 abutting one upstanding edge 2b of the first
side plate 2a, biasing the plate 12 towards the locking mechanism 8. The abutment
member 28 extends towards the first side plate 2a. In the lock-open position (Fig
1) the first abutment surface 28a acts on the stepped region 10c of the bolt 10 so
as to prevent the bolt 10 moving towards its lock-closed position. In the lock-closed
position (Fig 3) the second abutment surface 28b acts on the shoulder 10b of the bolt
10 to prevent the bolt 10 moving towards its lock-open position.
[0023] A retaining pin 32 is riveted to the mounting plate 4 and projects through the face
plate 6. In use, the retaining pin 32 locates in a recess provided in the keep of
the lock (not shown). This is particularly advantageous when the lock is fitted to
a sliding door (not shown) in that it prevents leverage of the door perpendicularly
to its sliding direction, when the door is closed.
[0024] In use, to close the lock, a key (not shown) is inserted into the receiving slot
8b of the locking mechanism 8 and turned so as to cause rotation of the cam 8a. The
cam 8a abuts the bolt-retaining plate 12 and further rotation of the cam 8a causes
the bolt-retaining plate 12 to move against the bias of the compression spring 30
(the shallow indentation 12d in the retaining plate 12 facilitates smooth operation
of the locking mechanism 8) until the first abutment surface 28a of the abutment member
28 is no longer in contact with the stepped region 10c of the bolt 10. The cam 8a,
partially located in the recess 14c of the linking member 14 then engages the linking
member 14, with further rotation of the cam 8a causing the linking member 14 to slide
towards the mounting plate 4 which by virtue of the attachment of the linking member
14 to the arm portion 10d of the bolt 10 causes the bolt 10 to pivot about the pin
22, since movement of the bolt 10 is no longer restricted by the retaining plate 12,
resulting in the head portion 10a of the bolt 10 extending through the aperture in
the mounting plate 4 and the face plate 6. The pivoting movement of the bolt 10 causes
the pin 26 to move perpendicularly relative to the sliding movement of the linking
member 14 so that the pin 26 rides in the second slot 14b provided in the linking
member 14 (see Fig 2). Still further rotation of the cam 8a moves the cam 8a away
from the retaining plate 12 which returns to its original position due to the bias
of the compression spring 30 and which deadlocks the bolt 10 in its locked position
as described above (Fig 3).
[0025] Opening of the lock involves rotation of the cam 8a in the opposite direction and
is similar to the closing operation described above. Initial rotation of the cam 8a
moves the second abutment surface 28b of the abutment member 28 away from the shoulder
10b of the bolt 10, allowing the bolt 10 to be retracted into the body 2 of the lock
by further rotation of the cam 8a. Still further rotation of the cam 8a moves the
cam 8a away from the retaining plate 12 which returns to its original position due
to the bias of the compression spring 30 and which deadlocks the bolt 10 in its unlocked
position as described above (Fig 1).
[0026] In both locking and unlocking operations, the complete throw of the bolt 10 is achieved
by turning the key (and hence the cam 8a) through 180°. For a given bolt 10, the closer
that the linking member 14 is attached to the pin 22, the greater the throw of the
bolt 10 for the same turn of the key.
[0027] Referring to Fig 7, similar parts to those in the previous embodiment are accorded
the same reference numerals. The swing bolt 10 of Figs 1-3 is replaced by a sliding
bolt 40 and a pivot member 42. The sliding bolt 40 has a slot 40a substantially parallel
to the first slot 14a of the linking member 14 and is mounted about the pin 44 for
sliding movement substantially parallel to the movement of the linking member 14.
A projection 40b on the bolt 40 has first 40c and second 40d ramped surfaces which
deadlock the bolt 40 by abutment with the first abutment surface 28a (unlocked) and
second abutment surface 28b (locked) respectively of the retaining plate 12. The pivot
member 42 has an arcuate end region 42a which is coupled to the bolt 40 by location
in a recess 40e in the bolt 40.
[0028] In use, the lock operates as described for the previous embodiment, except that the
movement of the bolt 40 is linear and driven by the linking member 14 through coupling
with the pivot member 42, the latter pivoting about the pin 22. The throw of the bolt
is increased by attaching the linking member 14 to the pivot member closer to the
pin 22.
1. A lock comprising a body (2), a bolt member (10, 40) mounted for movement relative
to the body (2), a drive means (8) and a link means, said link means (10d, 14, 42)
comprising a first member (14) slidable relative to the body (2) and engageable with
the drive means (8) for movement thereby, and a second member (10d, 42) moveable about
a pivot mounting (22), said second member (10d, 42) being driveably connected with
said bolt member (10, 40), wherein said first member (14) is coupled to said second
member (10d, 42) at a position between said pivot (22) mounting and the bolt member
(10, 40), such that, in use, activation of the drive means (8) causes movement of
the sliding first member (14) which in turn produces a relatively larger movement
of the bolt member (10, 40), a retaining plate (12) mounted in the body (2) for movement
relative thereto being resiliently biased towards the drive means (8) and engageable
therewith, such that in a locked position the bolt member (10, 40) abuts the retaining
plate (12) such that the bolt member cannot be retracted.
2. A lock in accordance with Claim 1, characterised in that the second member (10d) forms part of the bolt member (10).
3. A lock in accordance with Claim 2, characterised in that the second member (10d) and bolt member (10) are integrally formed as a single component.
4. A lock in accordance with Claim 2 or 3, characterised in that at least one outwardly extending pin (32) is provided, said at least one pin (32)
adapted to locate in a recess provided in a structure to which the lock is to be secured.
5. A lock in accordance with any preceding claim, characterised in that the drive means (8) is a hand-operated key mechanism.
6. A lock in accordance with any preceding claim, characterised in that the bolt member (10, 40) cannot be retracted from said locked position into an unlocked
position without activation of the drive means (8).
7. A lock in accordance with Claim 6, characterised in that the bolt member (10, 40) cannot be extended from the unlocked position to the locked
position without activation of the drive means (8).
8. A lock in accordance with Claim 7, characterised in that in the unlocked position, the bolt member (10, 40) abuts the retaining plate (12)
such that the bolt member (10, 40) can not be extended, activation of the drive means
(8) engaging and moving the retaining plate so that it no longer retains the bolt
member (10, 40), which is then freely moveable between its locked and unlocked positions.
9. A lock in accordance with Claim 8, characterised in that the bolt member (10, 40) has a shoulder region (10b) and the retaining plate (12)
has an abutment surface (28b), such that movement of the bolt member (10, 40) from
its locked position to its unlocked position is prevented by engagement between the
shoulder region (10b) and the abutment surface (28b), thereby achieving deadlocking.
1. Schloß, das aufweist: einen Körper (2); ein Schraubenelement (10, 40), das für eine
Bewegung relativ zum Körper (2) montiert ist; eine Antriebseinrichtung (8); und eine
Verbindungsgliedeinrichtung, wobei die Verbindungsgliedeinrichtung (10d, 14, 42) aufweist:
ein erstes Element (14), das relativ zum Körper (2) verschiebbar ist und mit der Antriebseinrichtung
(8) für eine Bewegung dadurch in Eingriff kommen kann; und ein zweites Element (10d,
42), das um eine Drehpunkthalterung (22) beweglich ist, wobei das zweite Element (10d,
42) mit dem Schraubenelement (10, 40) antreibbar verbunden ist, worin das erste Element
(14) mit dem zweiten Element (10d, 42) in einer Position zwischen der Drehpunkthalterung
(22) und dem Schraubenelement (10, 40) so gekoppelt ist, daß bei Benutzung eine Aktivierung
der Antriebseinrichtung (8) eine Bewegung des verschiebbaren ersten Elementes (14)
bewirkt, die wiederum eine relativ größere Bewegung des Schraubenelementes (10, 40)
bewirkt, wobei eine Halteplatte (12), die im Körper (2) für eine Bewegung relativ
dazu montiert ist, elastisch zur Antriebseinrichtung (8) hin vorgespannt wird und
damit in Eingriff kommen kann, so daß in einer gesperrten Position das Schraubenelement
(10, 40) gegen die Halteplatte (12) stößt, so daß das Schraubenelement nicht zurückgezogen
werden kann.
2. Schloß nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das zweite Element (10d) einen Teil des Schraubenelementes (10) bildet.
3. Schloß nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das zweite Element (10d) und das Schraubenelement (10) zusammenhängend als ein einzelnes
Bauteil ausgebildet sind.
4. Schloß nach Anspruch 2 oder 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß mindestens ein sich nach außen erstreckender Bolzen (32) vorhanden ist, wobei der
mindestens eine Bolzen (32) so ausgeführt ist, daß er in einer Aussparung angeordnet
wird, die in einer Konstruktion vorhanden ist, an der das Schloß gesichert werden
soll.
5. Schloß nach vorhergehenden Ansprüchen, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Antriebseinrichtung (8) ein handbetätigter Schlüsselmechanismus ist.
6. Schloß nach vorhergehenden Ansprüchen, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Schraubenelement (10, 40) nicht aus der gesperrten Position in eine entriegelte
Position ohne Aktivierung der Antriebseinrichtung (8) zurückgezogen werden kann.
7. Schloß nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Schraubenelement (10, 40) nicht aus der entriegelten Position in die gesperrte
Position ohne Aktivierung der Antriebseinrichtung (8) ausgezogen werden kann.
8. Schloß nach Anspruch 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Schraubenelement (10, 40) in der entriegelten Position an die Halteplatte (12)
stößt, so daß das Schraubenelement (10, 40) nicht ausgezogen werden kann, wobei die
Aktivierung der Antriebseinrichtung (8) einen Eingriff bewirkt und die Halteplatte
bewegt, so daß sie nicht mehr das Schraubenelement (10, 40) festhält, das dann zwischen
seiner gesperrten und entriegelten Position frei beweglich ist.
9. Schloß nach Anspruch 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Schraubenelement (10, 40) einen Vorsprungbereich (10b) aufweist und die Halteplatte
(12) eine Widerlagerfläche (28b) aufweist, so daß die Bewegung des Schraubenelementes
(10, 40) aus seiner gesperrten Position in seine entriegelte Position durch einen
Eingriff zwischen dem Vorsprungbereich (10b) und der Widerlagerfläche (28b) verhindert
wird, wodurch ein Stillstehen bewirkt wird.
1. Serrure comprenant un corps (2), un élément de pêne (10, 40) monté de sorte à se déplacer
par rapport au corps (2), un moyen d'entraînement (8) et un moyen de liaison, ledit
moyen de liaison (10d, 14, 42) comprenant un premier élément(14) pouvant glisser par
rapport au corps (2) et pouvant s'engager dans le moyen d'entraînement (8) en vue
d'un déplacement correspondant, et un deuxième élément (10d, 42) pouvant se déplacer
autour d'une fixation pivotante (22), ledit deuxième élément (10d, 42) étant raccordé
par entraînement audit élément de pêne (10, 40), ledit premier élément (14) étant
accouplé audit deuxième élément (10d, 42) au niveau d'une position entre ladite fixation
pivotante (22) et l'élément de pêne (10, 40), de sorte qu'en service, l'actionnement
du moyen d'entraînement (8) entraîne le déplacement du premier élément coulissant
(14), entraînant à son tour un déplacement relativement plus important de l'élément
de pêne (10, 40), une plaque de retenue (12) montée dans le corps (2) en vue d'un
déplacement par rapport à celui-ci, par suite de la poussée élastique vers le moyen
d'entraînement (8) et pouvant s'engager dans celui-ci, de sorte que dans une position
verrouillée, l'élément de pêne (10, 40) bute contre la plaque de retenue (12), l'élément
de pêne ne pouvant ainsi pas être rétracté.
2. Serrure selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que le deuxième élément (10d) fait partie de l'élément de pêne (10).
3. Serrure selon la revendication 2, caractérisée en ce que le deuxième élément (10d) et l'élément de pêne (10) sont formés d'une seule pièce
sous forme d'un seul composant.
4. Serrure selon les revendications 2 ou 3, caractérisée en ce qu'elle comporte au moins une goupille s'étendant vers l'extérieur (32), ladite au moins
une goupille (32) étant destinée à être agencée dans un évidement agencé dans une
structure sur laquelle la serrure doit être fixée.
5. Serrure selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que le moyen d'entraînement (8) est un mécanisme à clé à actionnement manuel.
6. Serrure selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que l'élément de pêne (10, 40) ne peut pas être rétracté de ladite position verrouillée
dans une position non verrouillée sans l'actionnement du moyen d'entraînement (8).
7. Serrure selon la revendication 6, caractérisée en ce que l'élément de pêne (10, 40) ne peut pas être étendu de la position non verrouillée
vers la position verrouillée sans l'actionnement du moyen d'entraînement (8).
8. Serrure selon la revendication 7, caractérisée en ce que dans la position non verrouillée, l'élément de pêne (10, 40) bute contre la plaque
de retenue (12), de sorte que l'élément de pêne (10, 40) ne peut pas être étendu,
l'actionnement du moyen d'entraînement (8) entraînant l'engagement et le déplacement
de la plaque de retenue de sorte qu'elle ne retient plus l'élément de pêne (10, 40),
qui peut alors être déplacé librement entre ses positions verrouillée et non verrouillée.
9. Serrure selon la revendication 8, caractérisée en ce que l'élément de pêne (10, 40) comporte une région d'épaulement (10b), la plaque de retenue
(12) comportant une surface de butée (28b), de sorte que le déplacement de l'élément
de pêne (10, 40) de sa position verrouillée dans sa position non verrouillée est empêché
par l'engagement de la région d'épaulement (10b) dans la surface de butée (28b), entraînant
ainsi le verrouillage dormant.