[0001] This invention relates to a method of reducing the level of cytokines and their precursors
in mammals and to compounds and compositions useful therein. In particular, the invention
pertains to a class of compounds which mediate the action of phosphodiesterases, particularly
PDE III and PDE IV, and the formation of TNFα and NFκB.
[0002] Tumor necrosis factor alpha, (TNFα) is a cytokine which is released primarily by
mononuclear phagocytes in response to immunostimulators. When administered to animals
or humans, TNFα can cause inflammation, fever, cardiovascular effects, hemorrhage,
coagulation, and acute phase responses similar to those seen during acute infections
and shock states.
[0003] The nuclear factor κB (NFκB) is a pleiotropic transcriptional activator (Lenardo,
et al., Cell 1989, 58, 227-29) which has been implicated in a variety of disease and inflammatory
states. NFκB is thought to regulate cytokine levels including, but not limited to,
TNFα and to be an activator of HIV transcription (Dbaibo
et al., J. Biol. Chem. 1993, 17762-66; Duh
et al., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 1989,
86, 5974-78; Bachelerie
et al., Nature 1991,
350, 709-12; Boswas
et al., J
Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome 1993,
6, 778-786; Suzuki
et al., Biochem. And Biophys. Res. Comm. 1993,
193, 277-83; Suzuki
et al., Biochem. And Biophys. Res Comm. 1992,
189, 1709-15; Suzuki
et al., Biochem. Mol. Bio. Int. 1993,
31(4), 693-700; Shakhov
et al. 1990, 171, 35-47; and Staal
et al., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 1990,
87, 9943-47). Thus, inhibition of NFκB binding can regulate transcription of cytokine
gene(s) and through this modulation and other mechanisms be useful in the inhibition
of a multitude of disease states. TNFα and NFκB levels are influenced by a reciprocal
feedback loop.
[0004] Many cellular functions are mediated by levels of adenosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate
(cAMP). Such cellular functions can contribute to inflammatory conditions and diseases
including asthma, inflammation, and other conditions (Lowe and Cheng,
Drugs of the Future, 17(9), 799-807, 1992). It has been shown that the elevation of cAMP in inflammatory
leukocytes inhibits their activation and the subsequent release of inflammatory mediators,
including TNFα and NFκB. Increased levels of cAMP also leads to the relaxation of
airway smooth muscle. The primary cellular mechanism for the inactivation of cAMP
is the breakdown of cAMP by a family of isoenzymes referred to as cyclic nucleotide
phosphodiesterases (PDE), of which seven are known. It is recognized, for example,
that the inhibition of PDE type IV is particularly effective in both the inhibition
of inflammatory mediator release and the relaxation of airway smooth muscle. Thus,
compounds which inhibit PDE IV exhibit the desirable inhibition of inflammation and
relaxation of airway smooth muscle with a minimum of unwanted side effects, such as
cardio-vascular or anti-platelet effects. It is now known that inhibition of TNFα
production is a consequence of inhibition of PDE IV. L.J. Lombardo,
Current Pharmaceutical design, 1, 255-268 (1995).
[0005] Excessive or unregulated TNFα production has been implicated in a number of disease
conditions. These include endotoxemia and/or toxic shock syndrome {Tracey
et al., Nature 330, 662-664 (1987) and Hinshaw
et al., Circ. Shock 30, 279-292 (1990)}; cachexia {Dezube
et al., Lancet,
335 (8690), 662 (1990)}; and Adult Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) where TNFα concentrations
in excess of 12,000 pg/milliliters have been detected in pulmonary aspirates from
ARDS patients {Millar
et al., Lancet 2 (8665), 712-714 (1989)}. Systemic infusion of recombinant TNFα also resulted in changes typically
seen in ARDS {Ferrai-Baliviera
et al., Arch. Surg.
124(12), 1400-1405 (1989)}.
[0006] TNFα also appears to be involved in bone resorption diseases, including arthritis
where it has been determined that when activated, leukocytes will produce a bone-resorbing
activity, and data suggests that TNFα contributes to this activity {Bertolini
et al., Nature 319, 516-518 (1986) and Johnson
et al.,
Endocrinology 124(3), 1424-1427 (1989)}. It has been determined that TNFα stimulates bone resorption
and inhibits bone formation
in vitro and
in vivo through stimulation of osteoblast formation and activation in combination with inhibition
of osteoblast function. Although TNFα may be involved in many bone resorption diseases,
including arthritis, the most compelling link with disease is the association between
production of TNFα by tumor or host tissues and malignancy associated hypercalcemia
{
Calci. Tissue Int. (US) 46 (Suppl.), S3-10 (1990)}. In Graft versus Host Reaction, increased serum TNFα levels
have been associated with major complications following acute allogenic bone marrow
transplants {Holler
et al., Blood, 75(4), 1011-1016(1990)}.
[0007] Cerebral malaria is a lethal hyperacute neurological syndrome associated with high
blood levels of TNFα and is the most severe complication occurring in malaria patients.
Levels of serum TNFα correlated directly with the severity of the disease and the
prognosis in patients with acute malaria attacks {Grau
et al., N.
Engl. J. Med.
320 (24), 1586-1591 (1989)}.
[0008] Macrophage-induced angiogenesis is known to be mediated by TNFα. Leibovich
et al. {
Nature,
329, 630-632 (1987)} showed TNFα induces
in vivo capillary blood vessel formation in the rat cornea and the developing chick chorioallantoic
membranes at very low doses and suggest TNFα is a candidate for inducing angiogenesis
in inflammation, wound repair, and tumor growth. TNFα production also has been associated
with cancerous conditions, particularly induced tumors {Ching
et al., Brit. J. Cancer, (1955)
72, 339-343, and Koch,
Progress in Medicinal Chemistry, 22, 166-242 (1985)}.
[0009] TNFα also appears to play a role in the area of chronic pulmonary inflammatory diseases.
The deposition of silica particles leads to silicosis, a disease of progressive respiratory
failure caused by a fibrotic reaction. Antibodies to TNFα completely blocked the silica-induced
lung fibrosis in mice {Pignet
et al., Nature,
344:245-247 (1990)}. High levels of TNFα production (in the serum and in isolated macrophages)
have been demonstrated in animal models of silica and asbestos induced fibrosis {Bissonnette
et al., Inflammation 13(3), 329-339 (1989)}. Alveolar macrophages from pulmonary sarcoidosis patients have
also been found to spontaneously release massive quantities of TNFα as compared with
macrophages from normal donors {Baughman
et al., J. Lab. Clin. Med. 115(1), 36-42 (1990)}.
[0010] TNFα is also implicated in the inflammatory response which follows reperfusion, called
reperfusion injury, and is a major cause of tissue damage after loss of blood flow
{Vedder
et al., PNAS 87, 2643-2646 (1990)}. TNFα also alters the properties of endothelial cells and has various
pro-coagulant activities, such as producing an increase in tissue factor pro-coagulant
activity and suppression of the anticoagulant protein C pathway as well as down-regulating
the expression of thrombomodulin {Sherry
et al., J.
Cell Biol. 107, 1269-1277 (1988)}. TNFα has pro-inflammatory activities which together with its early
production (during the initial stage of an inflammatory event) make it a likely mediator
of tissue injury in several important disorders including but not limited to, myocardial
infarction, stroke and circulatory shock. Of specific importance may be TNFα-induced
expression of adhesion molecules, such as intercellular adhesion molecule (ICAM) or
endothelial leukocyte adhesion molecule (ELAM) on endothelial cells {Munro
et al., Am J. Path. 135 (1), 121-132 (1989)}.
[0011] TNFα blockage with monoclonal anti-TNFα antibodies has been shown to be beneficial
in rheumatoid arthritis {Elliot
et al., Int. J. Pharmac. 1995
17(2), 141-145}. High levels of TNFα are associated with Crohn's disease {von Dullemen
et al., Gastroenterology, 1995
109(1), 129-135} and clinical benefit has been achieved with TNFα antibody treatment,
thus confirming the importance of TNFα in the disease.
[0012] Moreover, it is now known that TNFα is a potent activator of retrovirus replication
including activation of HIV-1. {Duh
et al., Proc. Nal. Acad. Sci. 86, 5974-5978 (1989); Poll
et al., Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. 87, 782-785 (1990); Monto
et al., Blood 79, 2670 (1990); Clouse
et al., J. Immunol.
142, 431-438 (1989); Poll
et al., AIDS Res. Hum. Retrovirus, 191-197 (1992)}. AIDS results from the infection of T lymphocytes with Human Immunodeficiency
Virus (HIV). At least three types or strains of HIV have been identified,
i.e., HIV-1, HIV-2 and HIV-3. As a consequence of HIV infection, T-cell mediated immunity
is impaired and infected individuals manifest severe opportunistic infections and/or
unusual neoplasms. HIV entry into the T lymphocyte requires T lymphocyte activation.
Other viruses, such as HIV-1 and HIV-2, infect T lymphocytes after T cell activation
and such virus protein expression and/or replication is mediated or maintained by
such T cell activation. Once an activated T lymphocyte is infected with HIV, the T
lymphocyte must continue to be maintained in an activated state to permit HIV gene
expression and/or HIV replication. Cytokines, specifically TNFα, are implicated in
activated T-cell mediated HIV protein expression and/or virus replication by playing
a role in maintaining T lymphocyte activation. Therefore, interference with cytokine
activity such as by prevention or inhibition of cytokine production, notably TNFα,
in a HIV-infected individual aids in limiting the maintenance of T lymphocyte activation
caused by HIV infection.
[0013] Monocytes, macrophages, and related cells, such as kupffer and glial cells, have
also been implicated in maintenance of the HIV infection. These cells, like T cells,
are targets for viral replication and the level of viral replication is dependent
upon the activation state of the cells {Rosenberg
et al.,
The Immunopathogenesis of HIV Infection, Advances in Immunology, 57 (1989)}. Cytokines, such as TNFα, have been shown to activate
HIV replication in monocytes and/or macrophages {Poli
et al. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci., 87, 782-784 (1990)}, therefore, prevention or inhibition of cytokine production or activity
aids in limiting HIV progression as stated above for T cells. Additional studies have
identified TNFα as a common factor in the activation of HIV
in vitro and has provided a clear mechanism of action via a nuclear regulatory protein found
in the cytoplasm of cells (Osborn,
et al., PNAS 86, 2336-2340). This evidence suggests that a reduction of TNFα synthesis may have an
antiviral effect in HIV infections, by reducing the transcription and thus virus production.
[0014] AIDS viral replication of latent HIV in T cell and macrophage lines can be induced
by TNFα {Folks
et al., PNAS 86, 2365-2368 (1989)}. A molecular mechanism for the virus inducing activity is suggested
by TNFα's ability to activate a gene regulatory protein (NFκB) found in the cytoplasm
of cells, which promotes HIV replication through binding to a viral regulatory gene
sequence (LTR) {Osborn
et al., PNAS 86, 2336-2340 (1989)}. TNFα in AIDS associated cachexia is suggested by elevated serum
TNFα and high levels of spontaneous TNFα production in peripheral blood monocytes
from patients {Wright
et al., J. Immunol. 141 (1), 99-104 (1988)}.
[0015] TNFα has been implicated in other viral infections, such as the cytomegalia virus
(CMV), influenza virus, adenovirus, and the herpes family of viruses for similar reasons
as those noted.
[0016] It is recognized that suppression of the effects of TNFα can be beneficial in a variety
of conditions and in the past, steroids such as dexamethasone and prednisone as well
as polyclonal and monoclonal antibodies {Beutler
et al., Science 234, 470-474 (1985); WO 92/11383} have been employed for this purpose. Conditions in
which the inhibition of TNFα is desirable include septic shock, sepsis, endotoxic
shock, hemodynamic shock and sepsis syndrome, post ischemic reperfusion injury, malaria,
mycobacterial infection, meningitis, psoriasis, congestive heart failure, fibrotic
disease, cachexia, graft rejection, cancer, autoimmune disease, opportunistic infections
in AIDS, rheumatoid arthritis, rheumatoid spondylitis, osteoarthritis and other arthritic
conditions, Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis, multiple sclerosis, systemic lupus
erythrematosis, ENL in leprosy, radiation damage, asthma, and hyperoxic alveolar injury.
[0017] The suppression of the action of NFκB in the nucleus can be useful in the treatment
of a variety of diseases including but not limited to rheumatoid arthritis, rheumatoid
spondylitis, osteoarthritis, other arthritic conditions, septic shock, septis, endotoxic
shock, graft versus host disease, wasting, Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis, multiple
sclerosis, systemic lupus erythrematosis, ENL in leprosy, HIV, AIDS, and opportunistic
infections in AIDS.
[0018] International patent application no. WO 96/21435 discloses compounds for and method
of inhibiting phosphodiesterase IV. The compounds possess improved PDE IV inhibition
as compared to theophylline or rolipram as well as with improved selectivity with
regard to PDE III inhibition.
[0019] International patent application no. WO 96/20926 discloses substituted imides as
tumor necrosis factor a which can be used to combat cachexia, endotoxic shock and
retrovirus replication. A typical compound disclosed is 2-phthalimido-3-(3',4'-dimethoxyphenyl)
propane.
[0020] International patent application no. WO 94/14800 discloses styril derivatives which
are active PDE IV inhibitors.
[0021] International patent publication no. 94/14742 discloses tri-substituted phenyl derivatives
as phosphodiesterase inhibitors.
Detailed Description
[0022] The compounds of the present invention affect the levels of phosphodiesterases, TNFα
and NFκB and the method involves the regulation of the levels of phosphodiesterases,
TNFα and NFκB through the administration of compounds of the formula:
in which:
- R2
- is hydrogen, nitro, cyano, trifluoromethyl, carboethoxy, carbomethoxy, carbopropoxy,
acetyl, carbamoyl, acetoxy, carboxy, hydroxy, amino, alkyl of 1 to 6 carbon atoms,
alkylidenemethyl of 1 to 6 carbon atoms, alkoxy of 1 to 6 carbon atoms or halo; with
the proviso that either R1 is selected from a group consisting of alkoxy of 1 to 6 carbon atoms, cycloalkoxy
of from 3 to 10 carbon atoms and cyclopentylidenemethyl, and R2 is alkoxy of 1 to 6 carbon atoms; or, R3 is phenyl independently substituted at the 3- and 4-positions with alkoxy up to 10
carbon atoms or cycloalkoxy of up to 10 carbon atoms; and
- R3
- is (i) phenyl, substituted or unsubstituted with 1 or more substituents, each selected
independently from a group consisting of nitro, cyano, halo, trifluoromethyl, carboethoxy,
carbomethoxy, carbopropoxy, acetyl, carbamoyl, or carbamoyl substituted with alkyl
of 1 to 3 carbon atoms, acetoxy, carboxy, hydroxy, amino, amino substituted with an
alkyl of 1 to 5 carbon atoms, alkyl of up to 10 carbon atoms, cycloalkyl of up to
10 carbon atoms, alkoxy of up to 10 carbon atoms, cycloalkoxy of up to 10 carbon atoms,
alkylidenemethyl of up to 10 carbon atoms, cycloalkylidenemethyl of up to 10 carbon
atoms, phenyl or methylenedioxy; (ii) pyridine, substituted pyridine, 2- or 3- pyrrolidene,
imidazole, naphthalene, or thiophene; (iii) cycloalkyl of 4 to 10 carbon atoms, unsubstituted
or substituted with one or more substituents each selected independently from the
group consisting of nitro, cyano, halo, trifluoromethyl, carboethoxy, carbomethoxy,
carbopropoxy, acetyl, carbamoyl, acetoxy, carboxy, hydroxy, amino, substituted amino,
alkyl of 1 to 10 carbon atoms, alkoxy of 1 to 10 carbon atoms, phenyl;
each of R
4 and R
5 taken individually is a hydrogen or R
4 and R
5 together are a carbon-carbon bond;
wherein,
- Y
- is CN;
- R1
- is R8, (CH2)nR8, OR8, CH=CHR8, or CH=C(R10)2 with the proviso that R3 cannot be unsubstituted phenyl when R1 is methyl and R2 is hydroxy;
- R8
- is methyl or R9;
- R9
- is alkyl of 2 to 10 carbon atoms, monocycloalkyl of 3 to 10 carbon atoms, polycycloalkyl
of up to 10 carbon atoms, benzocycloalkyl of up to 10 carbons atoms;
- R10
- together with the carbon atom to which they are attached form a monocycloalkyl or
bicycloalkyl group of up to 10 carbon atoms;
- n
- is 1 to 3;
or, alternatively, when each of R
4 and R
5 taken individually is hydrogen;
- Y
- is -CON(R6)2, -CO2H, -CO2R7;
- R1
- is -R9, -(CH2)nR8, -OR9, -CH=CHR8, or -CH=C(R10)2;
- R6
- is hydrogen or alkyl of 1 to 6 carbon atoms;
- R7
- is alkyl of 1 to 6 carbon atoms or benzyl; or,
- Y
- is COR7;
- R1
- is -R8, (CH2)nR8, OR8, CH=CHR8, or CH=C(R10)2 with the proviso that R1 and R2 cannot be -OMe when R3 is hydroxy substituted phenyl.
[0023] One preferred group are the compounds of Formula I in which Y is -CN or COR
7; R
1 is R
8, (CH
2)
nR
8, OR
8; R
2 is hydrogen, nitro, cyano, trifluoromethyl, carboethoxy, carbomethoxy, carbopropoxy,
acetyl, carbamoyl, acetoxy, carboxy, hydroxy, amino, alkyl of 1 to 6 carbon atoms,
alkoxy of 1 to 6 carbon atoms or halo and R
3, R
4, R
5, and R
10 are as therein defined.
[0024] A second preferred group of compounds are those of Formula I in which Y. is -CONR
6R
6, CO
2H or CO
2R
7; R
1 is R
9, (CH
2)
nR
8, OR
9; R
2 is hydrogen, nitro, cyano, trifluoromethyl, carboethoxy, carbomethoxy, carbopropoxy,
acetyl, carbamoyl, acetoxy, carboxy, hydroxy, amino, alkyl of 1 to 6 carbon atoms,
alkoxy of 1 to 6 carbon atoms or halo and R
3, R
4, R
5, R
6, R
7 and R
10 are as therein defined.
[0025] A third preferred group of compounds are those of Formula I in which R
3 is (
i) phenyl or naphthalene, unsubstituted or substituted with 1 or more substituents
each selected independently from nitro, cyano, halo, trifluoromethyl, carbethoxy,
carbomethoxy, carbopropoxy, acetyl, carbamoyl, or carbamoyl substituted with alkyl
of 1 to 3 carbon atoms, acetoxy, carboxy, hydroxy, amino, amino substituted with an
alkyl of 1 to 5 carbon atoms, alkyl or cycloalkyl of 1 to 10 carbon atoms, alkoxy
or cycloalkoxy of 1 to 10 carbon atoms; or (
ii) cycloalkyl of 4 to 10 carbon atoms, unsubstituted or substituted with one or more
substituents each selected independently from the group consisting of nitro, cyano,
halo, trifluoromethyl, carbethoxy, carbomethoxy, carbopropoxy, acetyl, carbamoyl,
acetoxy, carboxy, hydroxy, amino, substituted amino, alkyl of 1 to 10 carbon atoms,
alkoxy of 1 to 10 carbon atoms, or phenyl.
[0026] Particularly preferred nitriles or ketones are compound of the formula IIA and IIB:
wherein:
- Y
- is -CN or -COR7,
- R1
- is R8, (CH2)nR8, OR8, CH=CHR8, or CH=C(R10)2;
- R2
- is hydrogen, nitro, cyano, trifluoromethyl, carboethoxy, carbomethoxy, carbopropoxy,
acetyl, carbamoyl, acetoxy, carboxy, hydroxy, amino, alkyl of 1 to 6 carbon atoms,
alkylidenemethyl of 1 to 6 carbon atoms, alkoxy of 1 to 6 carbon atoms or halo; with
the proviso that either R1 is selected from a group consisting of alkoxy of 1 to 6 carbon atoms, cycloalkoxy
of from 3 to 10 carbon atoms and cyclopentylidenemethyl, and R2 is alkoxy of 1 to 6 carbon atoms; or, R3 is phenyl independently substituted at the 3- and 4-positions with alkoxy up to 10
carbon atoms or cycloalkoxy of up to 10 carbon atoms; and,
- R3
- is (i) phenyl, substituted or unsubstituted with 1 or more substituents each selected
independently from a group consisting of nitro, cyano, halo, trifluoromethyl, carboethoxy,
carbomethoxy, carbopropoxy, acetyl, carbamoyl, or carbamoyl substituted with alkyl
of 1 to 3 carbon atoms, acetoxy, carboxy, hydroxy, amino, amino substituted with an
alkyl of 1 to 5 carbon atoms, alkyl of up to 10 carbon atoms, cycloalkyl of up to
10 carbon atoms, alkoxy of up to 10 carbon atoms, cycloalkoxy of up to 10 carbon atoms,
alkylidenemethyl up to 10 carbon atoms, cycloalkylidenemethyl of up to 10 carbon atoms,
phenyl or methylenedioxy; (ii) pyridine, substituted pyridine, pyrrolidene, imidazole,
naphthalene, or thiophene; (iii) cycloalkyl of 4 to 10 carbon atoms, unsubstituted
or substituted with one or more substituents each selected independently from the
group consisting of nitro, cyano, halo, trifluoromethyl, carboethoxy, carbomethoxy,
carbopropoxy, acetyl, carbamoyl, acetoxy, carboxy, hydroxy, amino, substituted amino,
alkyl of 1 to 10 carbon atoms, alkoxy of 1 to 10 carbon atoms, phenyl;
- R8
- is methyl or R9;
- R9
- is alkyl of 2 to 10 carbon atoms, monocycloalkyl of 3 to 10 carbon atoms, polycycloalkyl
of up to 10 carbon atoms, benzocycloalkyl of up to 10 carbons atoms;
- R10
- together with the carbon atom to which they are attached form a monocycloalkyl group.
[0027] Particularly preferred alkanoic acid derivatives are compounds of the formula III.
wherein:
- Y
- is -CO(NR6)2, -CO2H, -CO2R7;
- R1
- is R9, (CH2)nR8, OR9, CH=CHR8, or CH=C(R10)2;
- R2
- is hydrogen, nitro, cyano, trifluoromethyl, carboethoxy, carbomethoxy, carbopropoxy,
acetyl, carbamoyl, acetoxy, carboxy, hydroxy, amino, alkyl of 1 to 6 carbon atoms,
alkylidenemethyl of 1 to 6 carbon atoms, alkoxy of 1 to 6 carbon atoms or halo; with
the proviso that either R1 is selected from a group consisting of alkoxy of 1 to 6 carbon atoms, cycloalkoxy
of from 3 to 10 carbon atoms and cyclopentylidenemethyl, and R2 is alkoxy of 1 to 6 carbon atoms; or, R3 is phenyl independently substituted at the 3- and 4-positions with alkoxy up to 10
carbon atoms or cycloalkoxy of up to 10 carbon atoms; and,
- R3
- is (i) phenyl, substituted or unsubstituted with 1 or more substituents each selected
independently from a group consisting of nitro, cyano, halo, trifluoromethyl, carboethoxy,
carbomethoxy, carbopropoxy, acetyl, carbamoyl, or carbamoyl substituted with alkyl
of 1 to carbon atoms, acetoxy, carboxy, hydroxy, amino, amino substituted with an
alkyl of 1 to 5 carbon atoms, alkyl of up to 10 carbon atoms, cycloalkyl of up to
10 carbon atoms, alkoxy of up to 10 carbon atoms, cycloalkoxy of up to 10 carbon atoms,
alkylidenemethyl up to 10 carbon atoms, cycloalkylidenen of up to 10 carbon atoms,
phenyl or methylenedoxy; (ii) pyridine, substituted pyridine, pyrrolidene, imidazole,
naphthalene, or thiophene; (iii) cycloalkyl of 4 to 10 carbon atoms, unsubstituted
or substituted with one or more substituents each selected independently from the
group consisting of nitro, cyano, halo, trifluoromethyl, carboethoxy, carbomethoxy,
carbopropoxy, acetyl, carbamoyl, acetoxy, carboxy, hydroxy, amino, substituted amino,
alkyl of 1 to 10 carbon atoms, alkoxy of 1 to 10 carbon atoms, phenyl;
- R6
- is hydrogen or alkyl of 1 to 6 carbon atoms;
- R7
- is alkyl of 1 to 6 carbon atoms or benzyl;
- R8
- is methyl or R9;
- R9
- is alkyl of 2 to 10 carbon atoms, monocycloalkyl of 3 to 10 carbon atoms, polycycloalkyl
of up to 10 carbon atoms, benzocycloalkyl of up to 10 carbons atoms;
- R10
- together with the carbon atom to which they are attached form a monocycloalkyl or
bicycloalkyl group; or,
- n
- is 1 to 3.
[0028] The term alkyl as used herein denotes a univalent saturated branched or straight
hydrocarbon chain. Unless otherwise stated, such chains can contain from 1 to 18 carbon
atoms. Representative of such alkyl groups are methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl,
isobutyl, sec-butyl, tert-butyl, pentyl, isopentyl, neopentyl, tert-pentyl, hexyl,
isohexyl, heptyl, octyl, nonyl, decyl, undecyl, dodecyl, tridecyl, tetradecyl, pentadecyl,
hexadecyl, heptadecyl, octadecyl, and the like. When qualified by "lower", the alkyl
group will contain from 1 to 6 carbon atoms. The same carbon content applies to the
parent term "alkane" and to derivative terms such as "alkoxy".
[0029] The term cycloalkyl as used herein denotes a univalent saturated cyclic hydrocarbon
chain. Unless otherwise stated, such chains can contain up to 18 carbon atoms. Monocyclicalkyl
refers to groups having a single ring group. Polycycloalkyl denotes hydrocarbon systems
containing two or more ring systems with two or more ring carbon atoms in common.
Benzocycloalkyl signifies a monocyclicalkyl group fused to a benzo group. Representative
of monocycloalkyl groups are cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, cycloheptyl,
cyclooctyl, cyclononyl, cyclodecyl, cycloundecyl, cyclododecyl, cyclotridecyl, cyclotetradecyl,
cyclopentadecyl, cyclohexadecyl, cycloheptadecyl, and cyclooctadecyl. Representative
of polycycloalkyl include bicyclo[2.2.1] heptyl, bicyclo [3.2.1]octyl, and bicyclo[2.2.2]octyl.
Benzocycloalkyl is typified by tetrahydronaphthyl, indanyl, and 1.2-benzocycloheptanyl.
[0030] The compounds can be prepared using methods which are known in general for the preparation
of diaryl alkenes. For example, an appropriately substituted bis(aryl) ketone can
be treated with a dialkyl cyanomethylphosphonate to yield the corresponding bis aryl
acrylonitrile. This can be hydrolysesd to the corresponding carboxylic acid, esters
and amides by methods known per se. Alternatively, the substituted bis(aryl) ketone
can be treated with an alkyl disubstituted phosphonoacetate or a disubstituted carbamoylmethylphosphonate
and lithium hexamethyldisilazide to form the ester or amide, respectively, directly.
The substituted bis(aryl) ketone alternatively can be treated with the appropriate
triphenylphosphite.
[0031] The
bis(aryl) ketones also are obtained by methods known
per se such as for example by Friedel-Crafts acylations with acid chlorides in the presence
of a Lewis acid.
[0032] Representative examples of these compounds include 3,3-
bis-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)acrylonitrile, 3,3-
bis-(3-ethoxy-4-methoxyphenyl) acrylonitrile, 3-(3-propoxy-4-methoxyphenyl)-3-phenylacrylonitrile,
3-(3-ethoxy-4-methoxyphenyl)-3-phenylacrylonitrile, 3,3-
bis-(3-cyclopentoxy-4-methoxyphenyl) acrylonitrile, 3-(3-cyclopentoxy-4-methoxyphenyl)-3-phenylacrylonitrile,
3-(3-cyclopentoxy-4-methoxyphenyl)-3-phenylpropanenitrile, methyl 3-(3-cyclopentoxy-4-methoxyphenyl)-3-phenylpropanoate,
3-(3-ethoxy-4-methoxyphenyl)-3-phenylpropanenitrile, methyl 3-(3-ethoxy-4-methoxyphenyl)-3-phenylpr6panoate,
3,3-
bis-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl) propanenitrile, 3,3-
bis-(3-ethoxy-4-methoxyphenyl) propanenitrile, 3-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-phenylacrylonitrile,3-(3-ethoxy-4-methoxyphenyl)-3-naphthylpropanenitrile,
3-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-phenylpropanenitrile and 3-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-(3-ethoxy-4-methoxyphenyl)propanenitrile.
[0033] A further group of preferred compounds include 4-(3-ethoxy-4-methoxyphenyl)-4-(4-pyridyl)butan-2-one;
4-(3-cyclopentoxy-4-methoxyphenyl)-4-(4-pyridyl)butan-2-one; methyl 3-(3-ethoxy-4-methoxyphenyl)-3-(4-pyridyl)
propanoate; 3-(3-ethoxy-4-methoxyphenyl)-3-(4-pyridyl)prop-2-enenitrile; 3-(3-ethoxy-4-methoxyphenyl)-3-(4-pyridyl)propanenitrile;
3-(3-cyclopentoxy-4-methoxyphenyl)-3-(4-pyridyl)prop-2-enenitrile; 3-(3-cyclopentoxy-4-methoxyphenyl)-3-(4-pyridyl)
propanenitrile; 4,4-
bis-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)butan-2-one; 4-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-4-(3-ethoxy-4-methoxyphenyl)butan-2-one;
4-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-4-(3-(cyclopentylidenemethyl)-4-methoxyphenyl)butan-2-one;
3-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-(3-(cyclopentylidenemethyl)-4-methoxyphenyl)prop-2-enerutrile;
3-(3-(cyclopentylidenemethyl)-4-methoxyphenyl)-3-phenyl-prop-2-enenitrile; 1-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-1-(3-ethoxy-4-methoxyphenyl)pentan-3-one;
1,1-
bis-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)pentan-3-one; 3-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-(3-(cyclopentylidenemethyl)-4-methoxyphenyl)prop-2-enenitrile;
3-(3-(cyclopentylidenemethyl)-4-methoxyphenyl)-3-phenyl-propanenitrile; 3,3-
bis-(3-(cycloentylidenemethyl)-4-methoxyphenyl)propanenitrile; 3,3-
bis-(3-(cyclopentylidenemethyl)-4-methoxyphenyl)prop-2-enenitrile; 3-(3-(cyclopentylidenemethyl)-4-methoxyphenyl-3-phenyl)propanamide;
3,3-
bis-(3-(cyclopentylidenemethyl)-4-methoxyphenyl)propanamide; 3,3-
bis-(3-ethoxy-4-methoxyphenyl)propanamide; 3,3-
bis-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)propanamide; 4-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-4-(4-methoxy-3-exo-norbornyloxyphenyl)but-3-en-2-one;
3-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-(4-methoxy-3-exo-norbornyloxyphenyl)prop-2-enenitrile; 3-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-(3,4-methylenedioxyphenyl)prop-2-enenitrile;
3-(4-aminophenyl)-3-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)prop-2-enenitrile; and 3-(4-aminophenyl)-3-(3-ethoxy-4-dimethoxyphenyl)prop-2-enenitrile.
[0034] These compounds may possess one or more centers of chirality and thus can exist as
optical isomers. Both the racemates of these isomers and the individual isomers themselves,
as well as diastereoisomers when there are two or more chiral centers, are within
the scope of the present invention. The racemates can be used as such or can be separated
into their individual isomers mechanically as by chromatography using a chiral absorbent.
Alternatively, the individual isomers can be prepared in chiral form or separated
chemically from a mixture by forming salts with a chiral acid, such as the individual
enantiomers of 10-camphorsulfonic acid, camphoric acid, alpha-bromocamphoric acid,
methoxyacetic acid, tartaric acid, diacetyltartaric acid, malic acid, pyrrolidone-5-carboxylic
acid, and the like, and then freeing one or both of the resolved bases, optionally
repeating the process, so as to obtain either or both isomers substantially free of
the other;
i.e., in a form having an optical purity of >95%. In addition, the compounds in which R
4 and R
5 taken together are a carbon-carbon bond can exist as cis (
Z) and trans (
E) isomers.
[0035] The compounds can be used, under the supervision of qualified professionals, to inhibit
the undesirable effects of TNFα, NFκB, and phosphodiesterase. The compounds can be
administered orally, rectally, or parenterally, alone or in combination with other
therapeutic agents including antibiotics, steroids,
etc., to a mammal in need of treatment. Oral dosage forms include tablets, capsules, dragees,
and similar shaped, compressed pharmaceutical forms. Isotonic saline solutions containing
20-100 milligrams/milliliter can be used for parenteral administration which includes
intramuscular, intrathecal, intravenous and intra-arterial routes of administration.
Rectal administration can be effected through the use of suppositories formulated
from conventional carriers such as cocoa butter.
[0036] Dosage regimens must be titrated to the particular indication, the age, weight, and
general physical condition of the patient, and the response desired but generally
doses will be from about 1 to about 1000 milligrams/day as needed in single or multiple
daily administration. In general, an initial treatment regimen can be copied from
that known to be effective in interfering with TNFα activity for other TNFα mediated
disease states by the compounds of the present invention. Treated individuals will
be regularly checked for T cell numbers and T4/T8 ratios and/or measures of viremia
such as levels of reverse transcriptase or viral proteins, and/or for progression
of cytokine-mediated disease associated problems such as cachexia or muscle degeneration.
If no effect is observed following the normal treatment regimen, then the amount of
cytokine activity interfering agent administered is increased,
e.g., by fifty percent a week.
[0037] The compounds of the present invention can also be used topically in the treatment
or prophylaxis of topical disease states mediated or exacerbated by excessive TNFα
production, such as viral infections, for example those caused by the herpes viruses
or viral conjunctivitis, psoriasis, other skin disorders and diseases,
etc.
[0038] The compounds can also be used in the veterinary treatment of mammals other than
humans in need of prevention or inhibition of TNFα production. TNFα mediated diseases
for treatment, therapeutically or prophylactically, in animals include disease states
such as those noted above, but in particular viral infections. Examples include feline
immunodeficiency virus, equine infectious anaemia virus, caprine arthritis virus,
visna virus, and maedi virus, as well as other lentiviruses.
[0039] Inhibition of PDE III, PDE IV, TNFα and NFκB by these compounds can be conveniently
assayed using methods known in the art, e.g., enzyme immunoassay, radioimmunoassay,
immunoelectrophoresis, affinity labeling, etc., of which the following are typical.
Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay for TNFα
[0040] PBMC isolation: PBMC from normal donors were obtained by Ficoll-Hypaque density centrifugation. Cells
were cultured in RPMI supplemented with 10% AB+ serum, 2mM L-glutamine, 100 U/mL penicillin
and 100 mg/mL streptomycin.
[0041] PBMC suspensions: Drugs were dissolved in dimethylsulfoxide (Sigma Chemical), further dilutions were
done in supplemented RPMI. The final dimethylsulfoxide concentration in the presence
or absence of drug in the PBMC suspensions was 0.25 wt %. Drugs were assayed at half-log
dilutions starting at 50 mg/mL. Drugs were added to PBMC (10
6 cells/mL) in 96 wells plates one hour before the addition of LPS.
[0042] Cell stimulation: PBMC (10
6 cells/mL) in the presence or absence of drug were stimulated by treatment with 1
mg/mL of LPS from
Salmonella minnesota R595 (List Biological Labs, Campbell, CA). Cells were then incubated at 37°C for
18-20 hours. Supernatants were then harvested and assayed immediately for TNFα levels
or kept frozen at -70°C (for not more than 4 days) until assayed.
[0043] TNFα Determination: The concentration of TNFα in the supernatant was determined by human TNFα ELISA kits
(ENDOGEN, Boston, MA) according to the manufacturer's directions.
[0044] Phosphodiesterase can be determined in conventional models. For example, using the
method of Hill and Mitchell, U937 cells of the human promonocytic cell line are grown
to 1x10
6 cells /mL and collected by centrifugation. A cell pellet of 1x10
9 cells is washed in phosphate buffered saline and then frozen at -70°C for later purification
or immediately lysed in cold homogenization buffer (20mM Tris-HCI, pH 7.1, 3 mM 2-mercaptoethanol,
1 mM magnesium chloride, 0.1 mM ethylene glycol-
bis-(β-aminoethyl ether)-N,N,N',N'-tetraacetic acid (EGTA), 1 µM phenylmethylsulfonyl
fluoride (PMSF), and 1 µg/mL leupeptin). Cells are homogenized with 20 strokes in
a Dounce homogenizer and supernatant containing the cytosolic fraction are obtained
by centrifugation. The supernatant then is loaded onto a Sephacryl S-200 column equilibrated
in homogenization buffer. Phosphodiesterase is eluted in homogenization buffer at
a rate of approximately 0.5 mL/min and fractions are assayed for phosphodiesterase
activity -/+ rolipram. Fractions containing phosphodiesterase activity( rolipram sensitive)
are pooled and aliquoted for later use.
[0045] The phosphodiesterase assay is carried out based on procedure described by Hill and
Mitchell. The assay is carried out in a total volume of 100 µl containing various
concentration of test compounds, 50mM Tris-HCI, pH 7.5,5 mM magnesium chloride and
1 µM cAMP of which 1% was
3H cAMP. Reactions are incubated at 30°C for 30 minutes and terminated by boiling for
2 minutes. The amount of phosphodiesterase IV containing extract used for these experiments
is predetermined such that reactions are within the linear range and consumed less
than 15% of the total substrate. Following termination of reaction, samples are chilled
at 4°C and then treated with 10µl 10 mg/mL snake venom for 15 min at 30°C. Unused
substrate then is removed by adding 200µl of a quaternary ammonium ion exchange resin
(AG1-X8, BioRad) for 15 minutes. Samples then are spun at 3000 rpm, 5 min and 50 µl
of the aqueous phase are taken for counting. Each data point is carried out in duplicate
and activity is expressed as percentage of control. The IC
50 of the compound then is determined from dose response curves of a minimum of three
independent experiments.
[0046] The following examples will serve to further typify the nature of this invention
but should not be construed as a limitation in the scope thereof, which scope is defined
solely by the appended claims.
EXAMPLE 1
3,3-bis-(3,4-Dimethoxyphenyl)acrylonitrile
A. 3,4,3',4,'-Tetramethoxybenzophenone
[0047] To a stirred ice bath cooled solution of veratole (2.07 g, 15.0 mmol) in 30 mL of
methylene chloride under nitrogen was added aluminum chloride (2.20 g, 16.5 mmol).
A slight exotherm resulted. To the reaction mixture was then added 3,4-dimethoxybenzoyl
chloride (3.01 g, 15.0 mmol) and 20 mL of methylene chloride. The reaction was then
allowed to warm to room temperature and then refluxed for 3.5 hours and then allowed
to stir at room temperature for 16 hours. The reaction mixture was then poured into
50 mL of ice water and stirred for 15 minutes. This mixture was extracted with methylene
chloride (2 x 25 mL each). The combined extracts were dried over sodium sulfate and
concentrated
in vacuo to afford the crude product as a tan solid. The crude product was purified by flash
chromatography (silica gel, 4/96 ethyl acetate/methylene chloride) to afford 2.97
g (66%) of the product as a white powder:
1H NMR (CDCl
3) δ 7.4 (m, 4 H), 6.91 (m, 2 H), 3.97 (s, 6 H), 3.95 (s, 6 H);
13C NMR (DMSO-d
6) δ 194.4, 152.5, 148.8, 130.7, 124.7, 112.2, 109.7, 56.0. Anal. Calcd for C
17H
18O
5. Theoretical: C, 67.54; H, 6.00. Found: C, 67.42; H, 6.03.
B. 3,3-bis-(3',4'-Dimethoxyphenyl)acrylonitrile
[0048] To an ice bath cooled stirred suspension of sodium hydride (5.0 mmol) in 20 mL of
tetrahydrofuran was added 0.8 mL of diethyl cyanomethylphosphonate dropwise via syringe.
The mixture was allowed to warm to room temperature and then 3,4,3',4,'-tetramethoxybenzophenone
(1.51 g, 5.00 mmol) and 10 mL of tetrahydrofuran were added. The mixture was stirred
for 5 days and then quenched with 100 mL of H
2O. The reaction mixture was then extracted with methylene chloride (50 mL and 25 mL).
The combined extracts were dried over sodium sulfate and concentrated to afford the
crude product as an oil. The crude product was purified by flash chromatography to
afford the product as a white wax:
1H NMR (CDCl
3) δ 7.95 (br m, 6 H), 5.57 (s, 1 H), 3.94 (s, 3 H), 3.92 (s, 3 H), 3.87 (s, 3 H),
3.84 (s, 3 H);
13C NMR (DMSO-d
6) δ 162.4, 151.0, 150.5, 148.8, 148.5, 131.8, 129.5, 123.2, 122.2, 118,6, 112.7, 111.4,
110.7, 110.7, 91.9, 56.0, 55.9, 55.9.
EXAMPLE 2
cis and trans 3-(3,4-Dimethoxyphenyl)-3-(3-ethoxy-4-methoxyphenyl)acrylonitrile
A. 3, 4-Dimethoxy-3-ethoxy-4-methoxybenzophenone
[0049] To an ice bath cooled stirred suspension of 3-ethoxy-4-methoxybenzoic acid (0.98
g, 5.0 mmol) in 20 mLmethylene chloride was added oxalyl chloride (0.44 mL, 5.0 mmol)
and 2 drops of N,N dimethylformamide (dimethylformamide). The resulting yellow mixture
was stirred at room temperature for 35 minutes at which time a solution had formed.
The solution was cooled in an ice bath and veratrole (0.64 mL, 5.0 mmol) was added
followed by aluminum chloride (0.73 g, 5.5 mmol). The ice bath was removed and the
mixture was stirred at room temperature. The reaction was monitored by HPLC (Waters
Nova-Pak/C,8 column 3.9 x 150 mm, 4 micron, 1mL/min, 35/65 acrylonitrile/0.1% aqueous
phosphoric acid and after 37 hours the reaction was complete. The reaction mixture
was poured into 30 mL of ice, stirred for 30 minutes and was then extracted with methylene
chloride (3 x 20 mL). The methylene chloride extracts were washed successively with
aqueous sodium bicarbonate (30 mL), water (2 x 50 mL) and brine (50 nlL). The organic
layer was then dried over magnesium sulfate, filtered and concentrated
in vacuo to afford 1.05 g of a brown solid. The crude product was purified by flash column
chromatography (silica gel, 5% ethyl acetate/methylene chloride) and the resulting
product was then dried
in vacuo (60 °C, < 1mmHg) to afford 0. 8 g (51%) of the product: mp 122-124.5 °C;
1H NMR (CDCl3) δ 7.48-7.34 (m, 4 H),6.98-6.86 (m, 2 H), 4.16 (q, J = 7 Hz, 2 H), 3.96
(s, 3 H), 3.96 (s, 3 H), 3.94 (s, 3 H),1.49 (t, J = 7 Hz, 3 H);
13C NMR (CDCl3) δ 194.4, 152.8, 152.5, 148.8, 148.0, 130.7, 130.6, 124.6, 124.5, 113.5,
112.2, 109.9, 109.7, 64.3, 55.9, 55.9, 14.6; HPLC (Waters Nova-Pak/C,8 column, 3.9
x 150 mm, 4 micron, 1 mL/min, 35/65 acrylonitrile/0.1% aqueous phosphoric acid 8 min,
99%; Anal. Calcd for C
18H
20O
5. Theoretical: C, 68.34; H, 6.37. Found: C, 68.56; H, 6.51.
B. cis and trans 3-(3, 4-Dimethoxyphenyl)-3-(3-ethoxy-4-methoxyphenyl)acrylonitrile
[0050] To an ice bath cooled stirred solution of diethylcyanomethylphosphonate (0.9 mL,
5.5 mmol) in 15 mL of tetrahydrofuran was added a 1.3 M solution of lithium hexamethyldisilazide
(4.2 niL, 5.5 mmol) in tetrahydrofuran. The solution was allowed to warm to room temperature
and was stirred for 30 minutes and then a slurry of 3, 4-dimethoxy-3-ethoxy-4-methoxybenzophenone
(1.58 g, 5.00 mmol) in 20 mL of tetrahydrofuran was added. The reaction mixture was
stirred at room temperature for 21 hours and was then quenched with I 00 mL of water.
The resulting mixture was extracted with methylene chloride (2 x 50 mL). The combined
extracts were washed with water, chied over magnesium sulfate, and concentrated
in vacuo to afford the crude product as an orange oil. The crude product was purified by flash
column chromatography (silica gel, 3% ethyl acetate/methylene chloride) and then recrystallized
from hexane/ethyl. The resulting product was then dried
in vacuo (40 °C, < I mmHg) to afford 0.6 g (35 %) of a white solid: mp 103-106 °C;
1H NMR (CDCl
3) δ 7.10-6.75 (m, 6 H), 5.55 (s, 1H), 4.17-3.76 (m, I 1 H), 1.54-1.36 (m, 3 H);
13C NMR (CDCl
3) δ 162.5, 151.0, 150.8, 150.5, 148.8, 148.6, 148.1, 147.8, 131.9, 131.7, 129.6, 129.5,
123.2, 123.1, 122.1, 122.0, 118.6, 114.2, 1 1 2.9, 112.8, 111.4, 110.9, 110.9, 110.7,
110.7, 91.8, 64.5, 56.0, 5 5.9, 14.6; HPLC (Waters Nova-Pak/C,8 column, 3.9 x 150
mm, 4 micron, 1 mL/min, 45/55 acrylonitrile/0.1% aqueous phosphoric acid 7 min, 100%;
Anal. Calcd for C
20H
21NO
4. Theoretical: C, 70.78; H, 6.24; N, 4.13. Found: C, 70.62; H, 6.2 1; N, 4.07.
EXAMPLE 3
3-(3,4-Dimethoxyphenyl)-3-phenylacetate
A. 3,4-Dimethoxybenzophenone
[0051] 3,4-Dimethoxybenzophenone was prepared analogously to 3,4,3',4'-tetramethoxybenzophenone
using veratrole (2 mL, 15 mmol), aluminum chloride (2.2 g, 16.5 mmol) and benzoyl
chloride (1.8 mL, 15.5 mmol). The crude mixture was purified by flash column chromatography
(silica gel, 3% ethyl acetate/methylene chloride) to yield 3.44 g (93%) of the product
as a white solid: mp 99-100 °C;
1H NMR (CDCl
3) δ 7.82-7.30 (m, 7 H), 6.95-6.85 (m, 1 H), 3.96 (s, 3 H), 3.94 (s, 3 H);
13C NMR (CDCl
3) δ 195.5, 153.0, 149.0, 138.2, 131.8, 130.2, 129.6, 128.1, 125.4, 112.1, 109.7, 56.0,
56.0; Anal. Calcd for C
15H
14O
3. Theoretical: C, 74.36; H, 5.82. Found: C, 74.21; H, 6.01.
B. 3-(3,4-Dimethoxyphenyl)-3-phenylacetate (E and Z Isomers)
[0052] 3-(3,4-Dimethoxyphenyl)-3-phenylacetate was prepared analogously to 3,3-
bis-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)acrylate using 3,4-dimethoxybenzophenone (4.8 g, 20 mmol), trimethylphosphonoacetate
(4.1 g, 22 mmol) and lithium hexamethyldisilazide (22 mL, 22 mmol, 1M) with a reaction
time of 138 hours at reflux. The crude mixture was purified by flash column chromatography
(silica gel, 1% ethyl acetate/methylene chloride) to afford 14.39 g (73%) of a mixture
of the E and Z isomers as an oil. The isomers were separated by additional purification
(silica gel, 1% ethyl acetate/methylene chloride) to afford pure samples of each of
the isomers.
[0053] Isomer 1:
1H NMR (CDCl
3) δ 7.40-7.36 (m, 3 H), 7.26-7.20 (m, 2 H), 6.88 (s, 1 H), 6.80 (s, 2 H), 6.30 (s,
1 H), 3.88 (s, 3 H), 3.82 (s, 3 H), 3.60 (s, 3 H);
13C NMR (CDCl
3) δ 166.5, 156.9, 150.4, 148.7, 138.9, 133.4, 129.1, 128.1, 128.0, 127.8, 122.1, 114.9;
110.8, 110.6, 55.9, 55.8, 51.1; Anal. Calcd for C
18H
18O
4. Theoretical: C, 72.47; H, 6.08. Found: C, 72.08; H, 6.11.
[0054] Isomer 2:
1H NMR (CDCl
3) δ 7.35-7.32 (m, 5 H), 6.90-6.83. (m, 2 H), 6.73 (s, 1 H), 6.30 (s, 1 H), 3.92 (s,
3 H), 3.81 (s, 3 H), 3.64 (s, 3 H);
13C NMR (CDCl
3) δ 166.6, 156.7, 149.2, 148.3, 141.2, 131.1, 129.4, 128.5, 128.3, 122.4, 116.4, 112.7,
110.4, 55.8, 55.7, 51.2; Anal. Calcd for C
18H
18O
4. Theoretical: C, 72.47; H, 6.08. Found: C, 72.28; H, 5.94.
EXAMPLE 4
3-(3-Ethoxy-4-methoxyphenyl)-3-phenylacrylonitrile (E and Z Isomers)
[0055] 3-(3-Ethoxy-4-methoxyphenyl)-3-phenylacrylonitrile was prepared analogously to 3,3-
bis-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)acrylate using 3-ethoxy-4-methoxybenzophenone (1.3g, 5mmol),
diethylcyanomethylphosphonate (0.9mL, 5.5mmol) and lithium hexamethyldisilazide (4.2mL,
5.5mmol, 1.3M) with a reaction time of 24 hours at room temperature. The crude mixture
was purified by flash column chromatography (silica gel, methylene chloride) to afford
1.35g (96%) of a mixture of the E and Z isomers as a white solid: mp 74-77°C;
1H NMR (CDCl
3) δ 7.50-7.24 (m, 10 H), 7.07-6.75 (m, 6 H), 5.67 (s, 1 H), 5.60 (s, 1 H), 4.15-3.95
(m, 4 H), 3.92 (s, 3 H), 3.89 (s, 3 H), 1.50-1.36 (m, 6 H);
13C NMR (CDCl
3) δ 162.8, 162.7, 151.4, 150.9, 148.1, 147.1, 147.9, 139.3, 137.1, 131.3, 130.2, 129.9,
129.5, 129.3, 128.6, 128.5, 128.4, 123.1, 122.0, 118.3, 118,2, 113.9, 112.5, 110.9,
93.3, 92.9, 64.4, 55.9, 55.9, 14.6; Anal. Calcd for C
18H
17NO
2. Theoretical: C, 77.40; H, 6.13; N, 5.01. Found: C, 77.14; H, 6.06; N, 4.75.
EXAMPLE 5
3-(3-Ethoxy-4-methoxyphenyl)-3-phenylpropionitrile
[0056] To a solution of 3-(3-ethoxy-4-methoxyphenyl)-3-phenylacrylonitrile (0.9g, 3.2 mmol)
in a mixture of ethanol and ethyl acetate (20 mL/ 30mL) was added 0.5 g of 10% palladium
on carbon catalyst in portions. The mixture was hydrogenated in a Parr-Shaker apparatus
at 55-60 psi of hydrogen for 12 days. The reaction mixture was filtered through celite
and the filtrate was concentrated in vacuo to afford the crude product. The crude
product was purified by flash column chromatography (silica gel, 4% hexane/methylene
chloride) to afford 0.15g (15%) of the product as an oil:
1H NMR (CDCl
3) δ 7.40-7.16 (m, 5 H); 6.88-6.78 (m, 3 H), 4.32 (t, J = 7.5 Hz, 1 H), 4.03 (q, J
= 7 Hz, 2 H), 3.85 (s, 3 H), 3.00 (d, J = 7.5 Hz, 2 H), 1.42 (t, J = 7 Hz, 3 H);
13C NMR (CDCl
3) δ 148.7, 148.5, 141.5, 133.7, 128.8, 127.4, 127.3, 119.5, 118.5, 112.7, 111.6, 64.4,
55.9, 46.7, 24.5, 14.7; Anal. Calcd for C
18H
17NO
2. Theoretical: C, 76.84; H, 6.81; N,.4.98. Found: C, 76.53; H, 6.92; N, 4.95.
EXAMPLE 6
3-(3,4-Dimethoxyphenyl)-3-(3',5)-dimethoxyphenyl)-acrylonitrile (E and Z Isomers)
A. 3,4,3',5'-Tetramethoxybenzophenone
[0057] 3,4,3',5'-Tetramethoxybenzophenone was prepared analogously to 4-(3,4-dimethoxybenzoyl)pyridine
using butyl lithium (9 mL, 22 mmol, 2.5M), 4-bromoveratrole (2.9 mL, 20 mmol) and
3,5-dimethoxybenzonitrile (3.75 g, 23 mmol). The crude product was purified by flash
column chromatography (silica gel, methylene chloride) to afford 1.54 g (26%) of the
product: mp 107-110 °C;
1H NMR (CDCl
3) δ 7.53-7.39 (m, 2 H), 6.95-6.84 (m, 3 H), 6.70-6.60 (m, 1 H), 3.96 (s, 3 H), 3.95
(s, 3 H), 3.83 (s, 6 H);
13C NMR (CDCl
3) δ 195.0, 160.4, 153.0, 148.9, 140.1, 130.0, 125.4, 112.0, 109.7, 107.5, 104.1, 56.0,
55.5; Anal. Calcd for C
17H
18O
5. Theoretical: C, 67.54; H, 6.00. Found: C, 67.38; H, 5.96.
B. 3-(3,4-Dimethoxyphenyl)-3-(3',5'-dimethoxyphenyl)acrylonitrile
[0058] 3-(3,4-Dimethoxyphenyl)-3-(3',5'-dimethoxyphenyl)acrylonitrile was prepared analogously
to methyl 3,3-
bis-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)acrylate using 3,4,3',5'-tetramethoxybenzophenone (0.7 g, 2.3
mmol), diethylcyanomethylphosphonate (0.42 mL, 2.5 mmol) and lithium hexamethyldisilazide
(1.9 mL, 2.5 mmol, 1.3M) with a reaction time of 60 hours at room temperature. The
crude product was purified by flash chromatography (silica gel, 1% ethyl acetate/methylene
chloride) to afford 0.66 g (81%) of a mixture of the E and Z isomers as a white solid:
mp 88-90°C;
1H NMR (CDCl
3) δ 7.10-6.80 (m, 6 H), 6.61-6.40 (m, 6 H), 5.66 (s, 1 H), 5.61 (s, 1 H), 3.94 (s,
3 H), 3.91 (s, 3 H), 3.87 (s, 3 H), 3.84 (s, 3 H), 3.80 (s, 3 H), 3.77 (s, 6 H);
13C NMR (CDCl
3) δ 162.7, 162.5, 160.7, 160.6, 151.1, 150.6, 148.8, 148.5, 141.3, 138.9, 131.1, 129.2,
123.2, 122.1, 118.2, 118.0, 112.6, 110.9, 110.7, 110.7, 107.6, 107.0, 102.1, 102.0,
93.4, 93.1, 56.0, 55.9, 55.5, 55.4; Anal. Calcd for C
19H
19NO
4. Theoretical: C, 70.14; H, 5.89; N, 4.30. Found: C, 70.33; H, 5.89; N, 4.03.
EXAMPLE 7
3-(3,4-Dimethoxyphenyl)-3-(3'-nitrophenyl)acrylonitrile
A. 3,4-Dimethoxy-3'-nitrobenzophenone
[0059] To a stirred ice bath cooled solution of veratrole (2.55 mL, 20 mmol) in methylene
chloride (30 mL) under nitrogen was added aluminum chloride (2.93 g, 22 mmol). A slight
exotherm resulted. To the resulting mixture was added 3-nitrobenzoyl chloride (3.8
g, 20 mmol) in 30 mL of methylene chloride. The reaction was then allowed to warm
to room temperature and followed by heating to refluxed. After 5 hours at reflux the
reaction mixture was allowed to cool to room temperature and stirred for 72 hours.
The reaction mixture was then poured into 100 mL of iced water and stirred for 20
minutes. This mixture was extracted with CH
2Cl
2 (3 x 60 mL). The organic layer was dried over magnesium sulfate and concentrated
in vacuo to afford the crude product as a green solid. The crude product was purified
by flash column chromatography (silica gel, CH
2Cl
2) to afford 2.21 g (39%) of the product as a yellow solid: mp 133-135°C;
1H NMR (CDCl
3) δ 8.64-8.56 (m, 1 H), 8.49-8.39 (m, 1 H), 8.10-8.05 (m, 1 H), 7.76-7.65 (m, 1H),
7.55-7.47 (m, 1 H), 7.36-7.29 (m, 1 H), 7.00-6.87 (m, 1 H), 3.99 (s, 3 H), 3.97 (s,
3 H);
13C NMR (CDCl
3) δ 192.8, 153.8, 149.4, 147.9, 139.7, 135.2, 129.5, 128.9, 126.2, 125.6, 124.4, 11.8,
110.0, 56.2, 56.1; Anal. Calcd for C
15H
13NO
5. Theoretical: C, 62.72; H, 4.56; N, 4.88. Found: C, 62.74; H, 4.59; N, 4.89.
B. 3-(3,4-Dimethoxyphenyl)-3-(3'-nitrophenyl)acrylonitrile
[0060] 3-(3,4-Dimethoxyphenyl)-3-(3'-nitrophenyl)acrylonitrile was prepared analogously
to methyl 3,3-
bis-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)acrylate using 3,4-dimethoxy-3'nitrobenzophenone (1.44 g, 5
mmol), diethylcyanomethylphosphonate (0.91 mL, 5.5 mmol) and lithium hexamethyldisilazide
(4.2 mL, 5.5 mmol, 1.3M) with a reaction time of 24 hours at room temperature. The
crude product was purified by flash chromatography (silica gel, 3% hexane/methylene
chloride) to afford 1.12 g (72%) of a mixture of the E and Z isomers as a yellow solid:
mp 117.5-120 °C;
1H NMR (CDCl
3) δ 8.40-8.17 (m, 4 H), 7.90-7.55 (m, 4 H), 7.08-6.89 (m, 6 H), 5.84 (s, 1 H), 5.71
(s, 1 H), 3.95 (s, 3 H), 3.92 (s, 3 H), 3.88 (s, 3 H), 3.85 (s, 3 H);
13CNMR (CDCl
3) δ 160.2, 160.1, 151.7, 151.1, 149.2, 148.3, 148.2, 141.0, 138.8, 135.4, 134.4, 129.9,
129.7, 129.7, 128.1, 124.8, 124.6, 124.4, 123.3, 123.1, 122.3, 117.4, 117.3, 112.3,
111.0, 110.4, 95.7, 94.8, 56.0, 55.9; Anal. Calcd for C
17H
14N
2O
4. Theoretical: C, 65.80; H, 4.55; N, 9.03. Found: C, 65.57; H, 4.64; N, 8.92.
EXAMPLE 8
3-(3'-Aminophenyl)-3-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)acrylonitrile (E and Z Isomers)
[0061] To a solution of 3-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-(3'-nitrophenyl)acrylonitrile (0.7 g,
2.3 mmol) in 40 mL of ethyl acetate was added 0.1 g of 10% palladium on carbon catalyst.
The mixture was hydrogenated in a Parr-Shaker apparatus at 55-60 psi of hydrogen for
2.5 hours. The reaction mixture was filtered through celite and the filtrate was concentrated
in vacuo to afford the crude product. The crude product was purified by flash column
chromatography (silica gel, 15% ethyl acetate/methylene chloride) to afford 0.25 g
(56%) of a mixture of the E and Z isomers as a yellow solid: mp 100-101 °C;
1H NMR (CDCl
3) δ 7.30-6.59 (m, 14 H); 5.63 (s, 1 H), 5.59 (s, 1 H), 3.94 (s, 3 H), 3.91 (s, 3 H),
3.87 (s, 3 H), 3.84 (s, 3 H);
13C NMR (CDCl
3) δ 163.1, 162.9, 151.1, 150.5, 148.8, 148.7, 146.5, 146.4, 140.4, 138.2, 131.5, 129.5,
129.5, 129.4, 123.2, 122.1, 119.9, 119.0, 118.4, 118.2, 116.8, 116.6, 115.9, 115.0,
112.7, 111.0, 110.7, 93.3, 92.7, 56.1, 56.0, 55.9; Anal. Calcd for C
17H
16N
2O
3. Theoretical: C, 72.84; H, 5.75; N, 9.99. Found: C, 72.48; H, 6.05; N, 9.58.
EXAMPLE 9
3,4-Dimethoxy-3'-aminobenzophenone
[0062] To a solution of 3,4-dimethoxy-3'-nitrobenzophenone (0.5 g, 1.7 mmol) in 40 mL of
ethyl acetate was added 0.05 g of 10% palladium on carbon catalyst. The mixture was
hydrogenated in a Parr-Shaker apparatus at 55-60 psi of hydrogen for 1.5 hours. The
reaction mixture was filtered through celite and the filtrate was concentrated in
vacuo to afford the crude product. The crude product was purified by flash column
chromatography (silica gel, 10% ethyl acetate/methylene chloride) to afford 0.17 g
(38%) of the product as a yellow solid: mp 157-175 °C;
1H NMR (CDCl
3) δ 7.56-6.80 (m, 7 H); 3.95 (s, 3 H), 3.94 (s, 3 H);
13C NMR (CDCl
3) δ 195.7, 152.9, 148.9, 146.4, 139.3, 130.3, 128.9, 125.4, 120.1, 118.4, 115.6, 112.1,
109.7, 56.0, 56.0; Anal. Calcd for C
15H
15NO
3. Theoretical: C, 70.02; H, 5.88; N, 5.44. Found: C, 70.00; H, 6.10; N, 5.13.
EXAMPLE 10
3-(3,4-Dimethoxyphenyl)-3-(4-nitrophenyl)acrylonitrile (E and Z Isomers)
A. 3,4-Dimethoxy-4'-nitrobenzophenone
[0063] 3,4-Dimethoxy-4'-nitrobenzophenone was prepared analogously to 3,4-dimethoxy-3'-nitrobenzophenone
using veratrole (3.8 mL, 30 mmol), aluminum chloride (4.4 g, 33 mmol) and 4-nitrobenzoyl
chloride (5.7 g, 30 mmol) with a reaction time of 48 hours at reflux. The crude mixture
was purified by flash column chromatography (silica gel, 4% ethyl acetate/methylene
chloride) to afford 1.69 g (78%) of the product as a white solid: mp 172-173 °C;
1H NMR (CDCl
3) δ 8.43-8.31 (m, 2 H), 7.97-7.86 (m, 2 H), 7.55-7.46 (m, 1 H), 7.40-7.30 (m, 1 H),
7.00-6.89 (m, 1 H), 3.99 (s, 3 H), 3.96 (s, 3 H);
13C NMR (CDCl
3) δ 193.4, 153.8,149.4, 149.3, 143.8, 130.2, 130.0, 125.8, 123.4, 111.7, 109.9, 56.1,
56.0; Anal. Calcd for C
15H
13NO
5. Theoretical: C, 62.72; H, 4.56; N, 4.88. Found: C, 62.49; H, 4.68; N, 4.86.
B. 3-(3,4-Dimethoxyphenyl)-3-(4'-nitrophenyl)acrylonitrile
[0064] 3-(3,4-Dimethoxyphenyl)-3-(4'-nitrophenyl)acrylonitrile was prepared analogously
to methyl 3,3-bis-(3',4'-dimethoxyphenyl)acrylate using 3,4-dimethoxy-4'nitrobenzophenone
(4 g, 14 mmol), diethylcyanomethylphosphonate (2.5 mL, 15.4 mmol) and lithium hexamethyldisilazide
(11.8 mL, 15.4 mmol, 1.3M) with a reaction time of 17 hours at room temperature. The
crude product was purified by chromatography (silica gel, 3% hexane/methylene chloride)
to afford 2.38 g (55%) of a mixture of the E and Z isomers as a yellow solid: mp 117.5-120
°C;
1H NMR (CDCl
3) δ 8.40-8.20 (m, 4 H), 7.70-7.46 (m, 4 H), 7.06-6.75 (m, 6 H), 5.84 (s, 1 H), 5.70
(s, 1 H), 3.95 (s, 3 H), 3.93 (s, 3 H), 3.88 (s, 3 H), 3.85 (s, 3 H);
13C NMR (CDCl
3) δ 160.3, 151.7, 151.1, 149.2, 148.9, 148.7, 148.5, 148.5, 143.5, 130.6, 129.9, 129.6,
128.2, 123.7, 123.1, 122:2, 117.4, 117.3, 112.3, 111.0, 110.5, 96.2, 94.9, 56.0, 56.0;
Anal. Calcd for C
17H
14N
2O
4. Theoretical: C, 65.80; H, 4.55; N, 9.03. Found: C, 65.45; H, 4.66; N, 8.82.
EXAMPLE 11
3-(4-Aminophenyl)-3-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)acrylonitrile
[0065] 3-(4-Aminophenyl)-3-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)acrylonitrile was prepared analogously to
3-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-(3-aminophenyl)acrylonitrile using 3-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-(4-nitrophenyl)acrylonitrile
(1.24 g, 4 mmol) and 0.15 g of 10% palladium on carbon catalyst in 100 mL of ethyl
acetate. The crude mixture was purified by flash column chromatography (silica gel,
5% ethyl acetate/methylene chloride) to afford 0.19 g (17%) of a mixture of the E
and Z isomers as a yellow solid: mp 150-152 °C;
1H NMR (CDCl
3) δ 7.38-6.56 (m, 14 H); 5.51 (s, 1 H), 5.44 (s, 1 H), 3.97 (br s, 4 H), 3.93 (s,
3 H), 3.91 (s, 3 H), 3.85 (s, 3 H), 3.82 (s, 3 H);
13C NMR (CDCl
3) δ 162.8, 162.6, 150.8, 150.3, 148.8, 148.7, 148.5, 148.4, 132.4, 131.4, 130.1, 129.5,
129.9, 128.6, 126.7, 123.0, 122.1, 114.4, 114.3, 112.8, 111.6, 110.7, 90.3, 89.9,
56.0, 55.9; Anal. Calcd for C
17H
16N
2O
3. Theoretical: C, 72.84; H, 5.75; N, 9.99. Found: C, 72.79; H, 5.83; N, 9.59.
EXAMPLE 12
3-(3,4-Dimethoxyphenyl)-3-(4-methylphenyl)acrylonitrile
A. 3,4-Dimethoxy-4'-methylbenzophenone
[0066] The title compound was prepared analogously to 3,4,3',4'-tetramethoxybenzophenone
using veratrole (3.9 mL, 28 mmol), aluminum chloride (4.1 g, 31 mmol) and 4-methyl-benzoyl
chloride (4.6 mL, 29 mmol) with a reaction time of 6 hours at room temperature. The
crude mixture was purified by flash column chromatography (silica gel, 2% ethyl acetate/methylene
chloride) to afford 4.22 g (59%) of the product as a white solid: mp 121.5-122 °C;
1H NMR (CDCl
3) δ 7.70-7.67 (d, J = 8 Hz, 2 H), 7.48-7.26 (m, 4 H), 6.91-6.88 (d, J = 8.3 Hz, 1
H), 6.96 (s, 3 H), 3.94 (s, 3 H), 2.44 (s, 3 H);
13C NMR (CDCl
3)δ 195.1, 152.6, 148.8, 142.4, 135.3, 130.3, 129.8, 128.7, 125.0, 112.0, 109.6, 55.9,
55.8, 21.4; Anal. Calcd for C
16H
16O
3. Theoretical: C, 74.98; H, 6.29. Found: C, 74.84; H, 6.43.
B. 3-(3,4-Dimethoxyphenyl)-3-(4-methylphenyl)acrylonitrile
[0067] 3-(3,4-Dimethoxyphenyl)-3-(4-methylphenyl)acrylonitrile was prepared analogously
to methyl 3,3-
bis-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)acrylate using 3,4-dimethoxy-4'-methylbenzophenone (2.3 g, 9
mmol), diethylcyanomethylphosphonate (1.8 mL, 9.9 mmol) and lithium hexamethyldisilazide
(10 mL, 9.9 mmol, 1M) with a reaction time of 22 hours at room temperature. The crude
product was purified by chromatography (silica gel, 1% ethyl acetate/methylene chloride)
to afford 1.83 g (73%) of a mixture of the E and Z isomers as a white solid: mp 83.5-86.5
°C;
1H NMR (CDCl
3) δ 7.35-7.20 (m, 8 H), 7.04-6.81 (m, 6 H), 5.62 (s, 1 H), 5.59 (s, 1 H), 3.90 (s,
3 H), 3.90 (s, 3 H), 3.88 (s, 3 H), 3.82 (s, 3 H), 2.41 (s, 3 H), 2.39 (s, 3 H);
13C NMR (CDCl
3) δ 162.7, 162.6, 160.0, 150.4, 148.8, 148.5, 140.6, 140.1, 136.3, 134.1, 131.6, 129.5,
129.2, 129.0, 128.5, 123.0, 122.1, 118.4, 118.3, 112.6, 111.1, 110.7, 92.6, 92.4,
55.9, 55.9, 55.8, 21.3, 21.2; Anal. Calcd for C
18H
17NO
2. Theoretical: C, 77.40; H, 6.13; N, 5.01. Found: C, 77.64; H, 5.93; N, 5.01.
EXAMPLE 13
3-(4-Biphenylyl)-3-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)acrylonitrile
A. 3,4-Dimethoxy-4'-phenylbenzophenone
[0068] 3,4-Dimethoxy-4'-phenylbenzophenone was prepared analogously to 3,4,3',4'-tetramethoxybenzophenone
using veratrole (2.4 g, 17 mmol), aluminum chloride (2.5 g, 19 mmol) and 4-biphenylcarbonyl
chloride (4 g, 18 mmol) with a reaction time of 24 hours at room temperature. The
crude product was purified by flash column chromatography (silica gel, 2% ethyl acetate/methylene
chloride) to afford 3.86 g (70%) of the product as a white solid: mp 103-104 °C;
1H NMR (CDCl
3) δ 7.88-7.84 (m, 2 H), 7.73-7.64 (m, 4 H), 7.52-7.40 (m, 5 H), 6.93-6.90 (m, 1 H),
3.97 (s, 3 H), 3.96 (s, 3 H);
13C NMR (CDCl
3) δ 194.9, 152.9, 148.9, 144.5, 139.8, 136.8, 130.2, 130.2, 128.8, 127.9, 127.1, 126.7,
125.2, 112.0, 109.7, 55.9, 55.9; Anal. Calcd for C
21H
18O
3. Theoretical: C, 79.23; H, 5.70. Found: C, 78.91; H, 5.87.
B. 3-(4-Biphenylyl)-3-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)acrylonitrile
[0069] 3-(4-Biphenylyl)-3-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)acrylonitrile was prepared analogously to
methyl 3,3-bis-(3',4'-dimethoxyphenyl)acrylate using 3,4-dimethoxy-4'-phenylbenzophenone
(2.33 g, 7.32 mmol), diethylcyanomethylphosphonate (1.5 mL, 8.1 mmol) and lithium
hexamethyldisilazide (8.1 mL, 8.1 mmol, 1M) with a reaction time of 22 hours. The
crude product was purified by chromatography (silica gel, 1% ethyl acetate/methylene
chloride) to afford 1.76 g (70%) of a mixture of the E and Z isomers as a white solid:
mp 132.0-134 °C;
1H NMR (CDCl
3) δ 7.70-7.39 (m, 18 H), 7.10-6.80 (m, 6 H), 5.69 (s, 1 H), 5.68 (s, 1 H), 3.95 (s,
6 H), 3.93 (s, 3 H), 3.89 (s, 3 H), 3.85 (s, 3 H);
13C NMR (CDCl
3) δ 162.2, 151.1, 148.8, 148.6, 143.0, 142.6, 140.0, 137.9, 135.9, 131.4, 130.1, 129.3,
129.1, 128.8, 128.8, 127.9, 127.1, 127.0, 126.0, 126.9, 123.1, 122.2, 118.3, 118.2,
112.6, 111.1, 110.7, 93.2, 92.9, 56.0, 55.9, 55.8; Anal. Calcd for C
23H
19NO
2. Theoretical: C, 80.92; H, 5.61; N, 4.10. Found: C, 80.55; H, 5.80; N, 3.95.
EXAMPLE 14
3-(3,4-Dimethoxyphenyl)-3-(4'-fluorophenyl)acrylonitrile
[0070] 3-(3,4-Dimethoxyphenyl)-3-(4'-fluorophenyl)acrylonitrile was prepared analogously
to methyl 3,3-
bis-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)acrylate using 3,4-dimethoxy-4'-fluorobenzophenone (1.3 g, 5
mmol), diethylcyanomethylphosphonate (0.91 mL, 5.5 mmol) and lithium hexamethyldisilazide
(5.5 mL, 5.5 mmol, 1M) with a reaction time of 22 hours at room temperature. The crude
product was purified by chromatography (silica gel, 1% ethyl acetate/methylene chloride)
to afford 2.38 g (55%) of a mixture of the E and Z isomers as a white solid: mp 100-102°C;
1H NMR (CDCl
3) δ 7.54-6.74 (m, 14 H), 5.67 (s, 1 H), 5.57 (s, 1 H), 3.94 (s, 3 H), 3.92 (s, 3 H),
3.87 (s, 3 H), 3.83 (s, 3 H);
13C NMR (CDCl
3) δ 166.0, 165.6, 162.0, 161.6, 151.3, 150.7, 148.9, 148.7, 135.4, 135.4, 133.2, 133.1,
131.7, 131.6, 131.3, 130.7, 130.5, 129.2, 123.1, 122.1, 118.1, 118.0, 115.8, 115.8,
115.5, 115.4, 112.6, 111.0, 110.8, 93.4, 93.2, 56.0, 56.0, 55.9; Anal. Calcd for C
17H
14FNO
2. Theoretical: C, 72.07; H, 4.98; N, 4.94. Found: C, 71.91; H, 4.98; N, 4.79.
EXAMPLE 15
3-(3,4-Dimethoxyphenyl)-3-naphth-2-ylacrylonitrile (E and Z Isomers)
A. 2-(3,4-Dimethoxybenzoyl)naphthalene
[0071] 2-(3,4-Dimethoxybenzoyl)naphthalene was prepared analogously to 3,4,3',4'-tetramethoxybenzophenone
using veratrole (2.6 mL, 20 mmol), aluminum chloride (2.9 g, 22 mmol) and 2-naphthoyl
chloride (3.9 g, 20 mmol) with a reaction time of 4 hours at reflux. The crude product
was purified by flash column chromatography (silica gel, 2.5% ethyl acetate/methylene
chloride) to afford 4.52 g (77%) of the product as a white solid: mp 120-121.5 °C;
1H NMR (CDCl
3) δ 8.24 (s, 1 H), 8.03-7.84 (m, 4 H), 7.68-7.40 (m, 4 H), 7.00-6.87 (m, 1 H), 3.97
(s, 3 H), 3.95 (s, 3 H);
13C NMR (CDCl
3) δ 195.5, 153.0, 149.0, 135.5, 134.9, 132.2, 131.0, 130.4, 129.2, 128.1, 128.0, 127.8,
126.7, 125.9, 125.4, 112.2, 109.8, 56.1, 56.0; Anal. Calcd for C
19H
16O
3. Theoretical: C, 78.06; H, 5.52. Found: C, 77.73; H, 5.69.
B. 3-(3,4-Dimethoxyphenyl)-3-naphth-2-ylacrylonitrile
[0072] 3-(3,4-Dimethoxyphenyl)-3-naphth-2-ylacrylonitrile was prepared analogously to methyl
3,3-bis-(3',4'-dimethoxyphenyl)acrylate using 2-(3,4-dimethoxybenzoyl)naphthalene
(2.9 g, 10 mmol), diethylcyanomethylphosphonate (1.8 mL, 11 mmol) and lithium hexamethyldisilazide
(8.5 mL, 11 mmol, 1.3M) with a reaction time of 1 hour at reflux. The crude product
was purified by chromatography (silica gel, methylene chloride) to afford 2.93 g (93%)
of a mixture of the E and Z isomers as a white solid: mp 121-123 °C;
1H NMR (CDCl
3) δ 8.11-6.78 (m, 20 H), 5.76 (s, 1 H), 5.75 (s, 1 H), 3.96 (s, 3 H), 3.92 (s, 3 H),
3.85 (s, 3 H), 3.80 (s, 3 H);
13C NMR (CDCl
3) δ 162.7, 162.7, 151.2, 150.6, 148.9, 148.7, 136.6, 134.5, 134.0, 133.8, 132.8, 131.5,
129.7, 129.4, 129.0, 128.6, 128.6, 128.3, 128.1, 127.7, 127.7, 127.4, 127.2, 126.8,
126.6, 125.4, 123.2, 122.2, 118.4, 118.2, 112.7, 111.1, 110.8, 93.9, 93.4, 56.0, 56.0,
55.9; Anal. Calcd for C
21H
17NO
2. Theoretical: C, 79.98; H, 5.43; N, 4.44. Found: C, 79.90; H, 5.65; N, 4.46.
EXAMPLE 16
3-(3,4-Dimethoxyphenyl)-3-(3,4-methylenedioxyphenyl)acrylonitrile
(E and Z Isomers)
A. 1-(3,4-Dimethoxybenzoyl)-3,4-methylenedioxybenzene
[0073] 1-(3,4-Dimethoxybenzoyl)-3,4-methylenedioxybenzene was prepared analogously to 3,4,3',4'-tetrarnethoxybenzophenone
using veratrole (1.3 mL, 10 mmol), aluminum chloride (1.5 g, 11 mmol) and piperonyloyl
chloride (1.9 g, 10 mmol) with a reaction time of 2.5 hours at room temperature. The
crude product was purified by flash column chromatography (silica gel, 5% ethyl acetate/methylene
chloride) to afford 1.99 g (69%) of the product as a white solid: mp 164-165°C;
1H NMR (CDCl
3) δ 7.46-7.26 (m, 4 H), 6.95-6.82 (m, 2 H), 6.06 (s, 2 H), 3.96 (s, 3 H), 3.94 (s,
3 H);
13C NMR (CDCl
3) δ193.9, 152.7, 151.0, 148.9, 147.8, 132.4, 130.6, 126.1, 124.8, 112.2, 109.9, 109.7,
107.6, 101.7, 56.0, 56.0; Anal. Calcd for C
16H
14O
5. Theoretical: C, 67.13; H, 4.93. Found: C, 66.86; H, 5.11.
B. 3-(3,4-Dimethoxyphenyl)-3-(3,4-methylenedioxyphenyl)acrylonitrile
[0074] 3-(3,4-Dimethoxyphenyl)-3-(3,4-methylenedioxyphenyl)acrylonitrile was prepared analogously
to methyl 3,3-bis-(3',4'-dimethoxyphenyl)acrylate using 1-(3,4-dimethoxybenzoyl)-3,4-methylenedioxybenzene
(1.43 g, 5 mmol), diethylcyanomethylphosphonate (0.91 mL, 5.5 mmol) and lithium hexamethyldisilazide
(4.2 mL, 5.5 mmol, 1.3M) with a reaction time of 1 hour at reflux and 24 hours at
room temperature. The crude product was purified by chromatography (silica gel, 2%
ethyl acetate/methylene chloride) to afford 0.79 g (51%) of a mixture of the E and
Z isomers as an off white solid: mp 121-123 °C;
1H NMR (CDCl
3) δ 7.10-6.73 (m, 12 H), 6.13-5.94 (m, 4 H), 5.57 (s, 1 H), 5.53 (s, 1 H), 3.94 (s,
3 H), 3.92 (s, 3 H), 3.87 (s, 3 H), 3.84 (s, 3 H);
13C NMR (CDCl
3) δ 162.3, 151.0, 150.5, 149.6, 149.1, 148.8, 148.5, 147.9, 133.2, 131.6, 130.8, 129.4,
124.3, 123.5, 123.1, 122.1, 118.5, 118.3, 112.6, 111.1, 110.7, 109.9, 108.5, 108.2,
101.6, 101.5, 92.2, 92.2, 56.0, 55.9, 55.9; Anal. Calcd for C
18H
15NO
4. Theoretical: C, 69.89; H, 4.89; N, 4.53. Found: C, 69.61; H, 5.01; N, 4.37.
EXAMPLE 17
3-(3,4-Dimethoxyphenyl)-3-pyridin-4-ylacrylonitrile (E and Z Isomers)
A. 4-(3,4-Dimethoxybenzoyl)pyridine
[0075] A hexane solution of butyl lithium (9 mL, 22 mmol, 2.5M) was slowly added to a stirring
solution of 4-bromoveratrole (2.9 mL, 20 mmol) in 40 mL of tetrahydrofuran under nitrogen
at -70 °C. After 15 minutes a solution of 4-cyanopyridine in 12 mL of tetrahydrofuran
was added to the reaction mixture and stirring was continued for 45 minutes. The reaction
was then allowed to warm to -10 °C and the reaction was carefully quenched with hydrochloric
acid (45 mL, 1N). The mixture was stirred for 30 minutes at room temperature. The
pH was then adjusted to 12 with 50 mL of a 10% aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide.
The mixture was extracted with ether (3 x 50 mL). The combined ethereal extracts were
washed with brine (100 mL) then dried over magnesium sulfate and concentrated in vacuo
to a brown solid. The crude product was purified by flash column chromatography (silica
gel, 3% methanol/methylene chloride) to afford after vacuum drying (60°C, 1 mm) 1.9
g (39%) of the product: mp 117-118°C;
1H NMR (CDCl
3) δ 8.85-8.76 (m, 2 H), 7.60-7.50 (m, 3 H), 7.40-7.30 (m, 1 H), 6.97-6.88 (m, 1 H),
3.98 (s, 3 H), 3.96 (s, 3 H);
13C NMR (CDCl
3) δ 193.7, 153.9, 150.1, 149.3, 145.2, 128.7, 125.9, 122.6, 111.5, 109.9, 56.1, 56.0;
Anal. Calcd for C
14H
13NO
3. Theoretical: C, 69.12; H, 5.39; N, 5.76. Found: C, 69.05; H, 5.39; N, 5.85.
B. 3-(3,4-Dimethoxyphenyl)-3-pyridin-4-ylacrylonitrile
[0076] 3-(3,4-Dimethoxyphenyl)-3-pyridin-4-ylacrylonitrile was prepared analogously to methyl
3,3-bis-(3',4'-dimethoxyphenyl)acrylate using 4-(3,4-dimethoxybenzoyl)pyridine (1
g, 4 mmol), diethylcyanomethylphosphonate (0.73 mL, 4.4 mmol) and lithium hexamethyldisilazide
(3.4 mL, 4.4 mmol, 1.3M) with a reaction time of 24 hours at room temperature. The
crude product was slurried in 10 mL of hexane. The mixture was filtered, the solid
was washed with hexane, air dried and then dried in vacuo to afford 0.91 g (85%) of
a mixture of the E and Z isomers as an off white solid: mp 116-125°C;
1H NMR (CDCl
3) δ 8.80-8.63 (m, 4 H), 7.40-7.20 (m, 4 H), 7.04-6.74 (m, 6 H), 5.81 (s, 1 H), 5.70
(s, 1 H), 3.94 (s, 3 H), 3.92 (s, 3 H), 3.87 (s, 3 H), 3.84 (s, 3 H);
13C NMR (CDCl
3) δ 160.1, 157.0, 151.6, 151.1, 150.3, 149.2, 148.9, 146.7, 144.9, 129.6, 127.8, 123.7,
123.1, 122.7, 122.1, 117.4, 117.1, 112.3, 111.0, 110.5, 96.1, 94.8, 56.0, 56.0; Anal.
Calcd for C
16H
14N
2O
2. Theoretical: C, 72.17; H, 5.30; N, 10.52. Found: C, 72.35; H, 5.43; N, 10.47.
EXAMPLE 18
3-(3,4-Dimethoxyphenyl)-3-pyridin-2-ylacrylonitrile
A. 2-(3,4-Dimethoxybenzoyl)pyridine
[0077] 2-(3,4-Dimethoxybenzoyl)pyridine was prepared analogously to 4-(3,4-dimethoxybenzoyl)pyridine
using 2-cyanopyridine. The crude mixture was purified by flash column chromatography
(silica gel, 1% methanol/methylene chloride) to afford after drying in vacuo (60°C,
1 mm) 1.67 g (34%) of the product: mp 91.5-93 °C;
1H NMR (CDCl
3) δ 8.76-8.70 (m, 1 H), 8.05-7.71 (m, 4 H), 7.55-7.45 (m, 1 H), 7.00-6.89 (m, 1 H),
3.96 (s, 3 H), 3.96 (s, 3 H);
13C NMR (CDCl
3) δ 192.1, 155.7, 153.3, 148.7, 148.2, 136.9, 128.9, 126.7, 125.7, 124.4, 112.6, 109.8,
56.0, 55.9; Anal. Calcd for C
14H
13NO
3. Theoretical: C, 69.12; H, 5.39; N, 5.76. Found: C, 68.96; H, 5.47; N, 5.66.
B. 3-(3,4-Dimethoxyphenyl)-3-pyridin-2-ylacrylonitrile
[0078] 3-(3,4-Dimethoxyphenyl)-3-pyridin-2-yl)acrylonitrile was prepared analogously to
methyl 3,3-bis-(3',4'-dimethoxyphenyl)acrylate using 2-(3,4-dimethoxybenzoyl)pyridine
(1 g, 4 mmol), diethylcyanomethylphosphonate (0.73 mL, 4.4 mmol) and lithium hexamethyldisilazide
(3.4 mL, 4.4 mmol, 1.3M) with a reaction time of 17 hours at room temperature. The
crude product was purified by flash column chromatography (silica gel, 1% methanol/methylene
chloride) to afford 0.8 g (75%) of a mixture of the E and Z isomers as a brown solid.
The isomers were separated by additional purification (silica gel, 10% ethyl acetate/methylene
chloride) to afford pure samples of each of the isomers.
[0079] Isomer 1: mp 125-126 °C;
1H NMR (CDCl
3) δ 8.75-8.65 (m, 1 H), 7.75-7.60 (m, 1 H), 7.41-7.16 (m, 2 H), 7.10-6.90 (m, 3 H),
6.52 (s, 1 H), 3.95 (s, 3 H), 3.89 (s, 3 H);
13C NMR (CDCl
3) δ 159.9, 154.9, 150.4, 149.9, 148.9, 136.7, 128.0, 124.6, 124.1, 122.6, 118.1, 112.4,
111.1, 97.8, 56.1, 56.0; Anal. Calcd for C
16H
14N
2O
2. Theoretical: C, 72.17; H, 5.30; N, 10.52. Found: C, 71.90; H, 5.28; N, 10.33.
[0080] Isomer 2: mp 134.5-135.5 °C;
1H NMR (CDCl
3) δ 8.82-8.70 (m, 1 H), 7.88-7.76 (m, 1 H), 7.60-7.34 (m, 2 H), 6.94-6.80 (m, 3 H),
5.82 (s, 1 H), 3.91 (s, 3 H), 3.83 (s, 3 H);
13C NMR (CDCl
3) δ 160.8, 155.3, 151.2, 149.9, 149.0, 136.6, 130.2, 124.9, 124.3, 122.1, 117.6, 110.9,
95.4, 56.0; Anal. Calcd for C
16H
14N
2O
2. Theoretical: C, 72.17; H, 5.30; N, 10.52. Found: C, 72.13; H, 5.23; N, 10.40.
EXAMPLE 19
3-(3,4-Diethylphenyl)-3-phenylacrylonitrile (E and Z Isomers)
A. 3,4-Diethylbenzophenone
[0081] To a stirred ice bath cooled solution of diethylbenzene (1.7 mL, 10 mmol) in methylene
chloride (30 mL) under nitrogen was added aluminum chloride (2.93 g, 22 mmol). A slight
exotherm resulted. To the resulting reaction mixture was added benzoyl chloride (1.2
mL, 10 mmol). The reaction mixture was allowed to warm to room temperature and was
then stirred at room temperature for 1.5 hours. The reaction mixture was poured into
60 mL of iced water and stirred for 20 minutes. The resulting mixture was extracted
with methylene chloride (2 x 40 mL). The combined extracts were dried over magnesium
sulfate and concentrated in vacuo to afford the crude product as an orange oil. The
crude product was purified by flash column chromatography (silica gel, 2.5 % ethyl
acetate/hexane) to afford 1.22 g (51%) of the product as a yellow oil:
1H NMR (CDCl
3) δ 7.85-7.41 (m, 7 H), 7.30-7.20 (m, 1 H) 2.83-2.61(m, 4 H), 1.35-1.17 (m, 6 H);
13C NMR (CDCl
3) δ 196.8, 147.0, 141.9, 138.1, 135.3, 132.1, 132.1, 130.1, 130.0, 128.1, 128.1, 25.6,
25.4, 15.1, 15.0; Anal. Calcd for C
17H
18O. Theoretical: C, 85.67; H, 7.61. Found: C, 85.38; H, 7.42.
B. 3-(3,4-Diethylphenyl)-3-phenylacrylonitrile
[0082] 3-(3,4-Diethylphenyl)-3-phenylacrylonitrile was prepared analogously to methyl 3,3-
bis-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)acrylate using 3,4-diethylbenzophenone (0.95 g, 4 mmol), diethylcyanomethylphosphonate
(0.73 mL, 4.4 mmol) and lithium hexamethyldisilazide (3.4 mL, 4.4 mmol, 1.3M) with
a reaction time of 2 hours at room temperature. The crude product was purified by
flash chromatography (silica gel, 8% ethyl acetate/methylene chloride) to afford an
oil which was stirred in hexane until it solidified. The resulting slurry was filtered,
the solid washed with hexane, air dried and then dried in vacuo to afford 0.6 g (57%)
of a mixture of the E and Z isomers as a white solid: mp 63-64 °C;
1H NMR (CDCl
3) δ 7.51-6.99 (m, 16 H), 5.72 (s, 2 H), 2.76 -2.55 (m, 8 H), 1.32-1.14 (m, 12 H);
13C NMR (CDCl
3) δ 163.3, 144.7, 142.2, 137.3, 136.5, 130.2, 129.8, 129.6, 128.6, 128.5, 128.4, 128.3,
127.2, 126.2, 118.2, 93.9, 93.7, 25.5, 25.3, 15.2, 15.0.
EXAMPLE 20
3-(3,4-Diethylphenyl)-3-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)acrylonitrile
A. 3',4'-Diethyl-3,4-dimethoxybenzophenone
[0083] 3',4'-Diethyl-3,4-dimethoxybenzophenone was prepared analogously to 3,4-diethylbenzophenone
using diethylbenzene (2.5 mL, 15 mmol), aluminum chloride (2.2 g, 16.5 mmol) and 3,4-dimethoxybenzoyl
chloride (3 g, 15 mmol) with a reaction time of 3 hours at reflux. The crude product
was purified by flash column chromatography (silica gel, 1.5 % ethyl acetate/hexane)
to afford 0.84g (20%) of the product as an orange solid: mp 60-61 °C;
1H NMR (CDCl
3) δ 7.74-7.15 (m, 5 H), 7.00-6.80 (m, 1 H) 3.96 (s, 3 H), 3.94 (s, 3 H), 2.93-2.60
(m, 4 H), 1.43-1.15 (m, 6 H);
13C NMR (CDCl
3) δ 195.5, 152.7, 148.8, 146.3, 141.7, 135.9, 130.6, 129.8, 128.0, 127.7, 125.1, 112.2,
109.7, 56.0, 25.6, 25.4, 15.1, 15.0; Anal. Calcd for C
19H
22O
3. Theoretical: C, 76.48; H, 7.43. Found: C, 76.53; H, 7.34.
B. 3-(3,4-Diethylphenyl)-3-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)acrylonitrile
[0084] 3-(3,4-Diethylphenyl)-3-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)acrylonitrile was prepared analogously
to methyl 3,3-bis-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)acrylate using 3',4'-diethyl-3,4-dimethoxybenzophenone
(0.51 g, 1.7 mmol), diethylcyanomethylphosphonate (0.31 mL, 1.9 mmol) and lithium
hexamethyldisilazide (1.4 mL, 1.9 mmol, 1.3M) with a reaction time of 60 hours at
room temperature. The crude product was purified by chromatography (silica gel, 1%
ethyl acetate/methylene chloride) to afford an oil which was stirred in hexane until
it solidified. The resulting slurry was filtered, the solid washed with hexane, air
dried, and dried in vacuo to afford 0.31 g (57%) of a mixture of the E and Z isomers
as an off white solid: mp 78-82 °C;
1H NMR (CDCl
3) δ 7.30-6.75 (m, 12 H), 5.61 (s, 1 H), 5.60 (s, 1 H), 3.94 (s, 3 H), 3.92 (s, 3 H),
3.87 (s, 3 H), 3.83 (s, 3 H), 2.80-2.59 (m, 8 H), 1.35-1.14 (m, 12 H);
13C NMR (CDCl
3) δ 163.0,163.0, 151.0, 150.5, 148.8, 148.6, 144.6, 143.9, 142.1, 141.8, 136.8, 134.5,
131.9, 129.7, 128.6, 128.5, 128.2, 127.3, 126.3, 123.2, 122.2, 118.7, 118.6, 112.8,
111.3, 110.7, 92.5, 92.2, 56.1, 56.0, 25.5, 25.4, 25.4, 25.3, 15.3, 15.2, 15.0, 14,9;
Anal, Calcd for C
21H
23NO
2. Theoretical: C, 78.47; H, 7.21; N, 4.36. Found: C, 77.80; H, 7.25; N, 4.68.
EXAMPLE 21
4-(3-Ethoxy-4-methoxypbenyl)-4-phenyl-3-butan-2-one
[0085] To a suspension of cuprous cyanide (0.21 g, 2.3 mmol) in tetrahydrofuran (8 mL) at
-70 °C under nitrogen was added a cyclohexyl/ether solution of phenyl lithium (2.6
mL, 4.6 mmol, 1.8M). After 45 minutes a solution of 4-(3-ethoxy-4-methoxyphenyl)-3-buten-2-one
(0.51 g, 2,3 mmol) in 10 mL of tetrahydrofuran was slowly added to the reaction mixture.
After 1 hour at -78 °C the mixture was allowed to warm to room temperature. The reaction
mixture was then carefully quenched with 10 mL of an aqueous solution of ammonium
chloride. The resulting mixture was extracted with methylene chloride (3 x 10 mL).
The combined organic extracts were dried over magnesium sulfate and concentrated in
vacuo to afford 0.7 g of the crude product. The crude product was purified by chromatography
(silica gel, 2% ethyl acetate/methylene chloride) to afford 0.41 g (60%) of the product
as an oil which solidified: mp 57-58 °C;
1H NMR (CDCl
3) δ 7.31-7.13 (m, 5 H), 6.83-6.69 (m, 3 H), 4.48 (t, J = 7.5 Hz, 1 H), 4.03 (q, J
= 7 Hz, 2 H), 3.82 (s, 3 H), 3.13 (d, J = 7.5 Hz, 2 H), 2.07 (s, 3 H), 1.41 (t, J
= 7 Hz, 3 H);
13C NMR (CDCl
3) δ 207.0, 148.2, 148.0, 144.2, 136.4, 128.6, 127.6, 126.4, 119.4, 113.0, 111.5, 64.3,
55.9, 49.9, 45.6, 30.6, 14.8; Anal. Calcd for C
19H
22O
3. Theoretical: C, 76.48; H, 7.43. Found: C, 76.81; H, 7.44.
EXAMPLE 22
3-(3,4-Dimethoxyphenyl)-3-(naphth-1-yl)acrylonitrile
[0086] 1-(3,4-Dimethoxybenzoyl)naphthalene was prepared analogously to 3,4,3',4'-tetramethoxybenzophenone
using veratrole (1.3 mL, 10 mmol), aluminum chloride (1.5 g, 11 mmol) and 1-naphthoyl
chloride (1.5 mL, 10 mmol) with a reaction time of 24 hours at room temperature. The
crude product was purified by flash column chromatography (silica gel, 2.5% ethyl
acetate/methylene chloride) to afford 1.85 g (63%) of the product as a white solid:
mp 92.5-94.5°C;
1H NMR (CDCl
3) δ 8.06-7.84 (m, 3 H), 7.80-7.39 (m, 5 H), 7.31-7.21 (m, 1 H), 6.84-6.74 (m, 1 H),
3.94 (s, 3 H), 3.91 (s, 3 H);
13C NMR (CDCl
3) δ 196.6, 153.5, 149.0, 136.8, 133.6, 131.1, 130.9, 130.5, 128.2, 126.9, 126.7, 126.3,
126.3, 125.6, 124.3, 111.3, 109.7, 56.0, 55.9; Anal. Calcd for C
19H
16O
3. Theoretical: C, 78.06; H, 5.52. Found: C, 77.97; H, 5.66.
3-(3,4-Dimethoxyphenyl)-3-(naphth-1-yl)acrylonitrile is prepared in a fashion similar
to that described in Example 15.
EXAMPLE 23
3-(3,4-Dimethoxyphenyl)-3-(2,5-dichlorophenyl)acrylonitrile
[0087] 2',5'-Dichloro-3,4-dimethoxybenzophenone was prepared analogously to 3,4,3',4'-tetramethoxybenzophenone
using veratrole (2.15 mL, 15 mmol), aluminum chloride (2.2 g, 16.5 mmol) and 2,5-dichlorobenzoyl
chloride (1.9 mL, 15 mmol) with a reaction time of 3 hours at reflux. The crude product
was purified by flash column chromatography (silica gel, 2.5% ethyl acetate/methylene
chloride) to afford 3.88 g (83%) of the product as a white solid: mp 129-130°C;
1H NMR (CDCl
3) δ 7.65-7.56 (m, 1 H), 7.41-7.12 (m, 4 H), 6.89-6.81 (m, 1 H), 3.96 (s, 3 H), 3.94
(s, 3 H);
13C NMR (CDCl
3) δ 191.1, 154.4, 149.6, 137.9, 132.0, 130.5, 128.7, 128.0, 125.7, 110.2, 56.1, 56.0;
Anal. Calcd for C
15H
12Cl
2O
3. Theoretical: C, 57.90; H, 3.89. Found: C, 57.58; H, 3.87.
3-(3,4-Dimethoxyphenyl)-3-(2,5-dichlorophenyl)acrylonitrile is prepared in an analogous
fashion as described in Example 20 starting with 5'-dichloro-3,4-dimethoxybenzophenone.
EXAMPLE 24
[0088] Tablets, each containing 50 milligrams of active ingredient, can be prepared in the
following manner:
Constituents (for 1000 tablets) |
|
active ingredient |
50.0 grams |
lactose |
50.7 grams |
wheat starch |
7.5 grams |
polyethylene glycol 6000 |
5.0 grams |
talc |
5.0 grams |
magnesium stearate |
1.8 grams |
demineralized water |
q.s. |
[0089] The solid ingredients are first forced through a sieve of 0.6 mm mesh width. The
active ingredient, the lactose, the talc, the magnesium stearate and half of the starch
then are mixed. The other half of the starch is suspended in 40 milliliters of water
and this suspension is added to a boiling solution of the polyethylene glycol in 100
milliliters of water. The resulting paste is added to the pulverulent substances and
the mixture is granulated, if necessary with the addition of water. The granulate
is dried overnight at 35°C, forced through a sieve of 1.2 mm mesh width and compressed
to form tablets of approximately 6 mm diameter which are concave on both sides.
EXAMPLE 25
[0090] Tablets, each containing 100 milligrams of active ingredient, can be prepared in
the following manner:
Constituents (for 1000 tablets) |
|
active ingredient |
100.0 grams |
lactose |
100.0 grams |
wheat starch |
47.0 grams |
magnesium stearate |
3.0 grams |
[0091] All the solid ingredients are first forced through a sieve of 0.6 mm mesh width.
The active ingredient, the lactose, the magnesium stearate and half of the starch
then are mixed. The other half of the starch is suspended in 40 milliliters of water
and this suspension is added to 100 milliliters of boiling water. The resulting paste
is added to the pulverulent substances and the mixture is granulated, if necessary
with the addition of water. The granulate is dried overnight at 35°C, forced through
a sieve of 1.2 mm mesh width and compressed to form tablets of approximately 6 mm
diameter which are concave on both sides.
EXAMPLE 26
[0092] Tablets for chewing, each containing 75 milligrams of active ingredient, can be prepared
in the following manner:
Composition (for 1000 tablets) |
|
active ingredient |
75.0 grams |
mannitol |
230.0 grams |
lactose |
150.0 grams |
talc |
21.0 grams |
glycine |
12.5 grams |
stearic acid |
10.0 grams |
saccharin |
1.5 grams |
5% gelatin solution |
q.s. |
[0093] All the solid ingredients are first forced through a sieve of 0.25 mm mesh width.
The mannitol and the lactose are mixed, granulated with the addition of gelatin solution,
forced through a sieve of 2 mm mesh width, dried at 50°C and again forced through
a sieve of 1.7 mm mesh width. The active ingredient, the glycine and the saccharin
are carefully mixed, the mannitol, the lactose granulate, the stearic acid and the
talc are added and the whole is mixed thoroughly and compressed to form tablets of
approximately 10 mm diameter which are concave on both sides and have a breaking groove
on the upper side.
EXAMPLE 27
[0094] Tablets, each containing 10 milligrams of active ingredient, can be prepared in the
following manner:
Composition (for 1000 tablets) |
|
active ingredient |
10.0 grams |
lactose |
328.5 grams |
corn starch |
17.5 grams |
polyethylene glycol 6000 |
5.0 grams |
talc |
25.0 grams |
magnesium stearate |
4.0 grams |
demineralized water |
q.s. |
[0095] The solid ingredients are first forced through a sieve of 0.6 mm mesh width. Then
the active ingredient, lactose, talc, magnesium stearate and half of the starch are
intimately mixed. The other half of the starch is suspended in 65 milliliters of water
and this suspension is added to a boiling solution of the polyethylene glycol in 260
milliliters of water. The resulting paste is added to the pulverulent substances,
and the whole is mixed and granulated, if necessary with the addition of water. The
granulate is dried overnight at 35°C, forced through a sieve of 1.2 mm mesh width
and compressed to form tablets of approximately 10 mm diameter which are concave on
both sides and have a breaking notch on the upper side.
EXAMPLE 28
[0096] Gelatin dry-filled capsules, each containing 100 milligrams of active ingredient,
can be prepared in the following manner
Composition (for 1000 capsules) |
|
active ingredient |
100.0 grams |
microcrystalline cellulose |
30.0 grams |
sodium lauryl sulphate |
2.0 grams |
magnesium stearate |
8.0 grams |
[0097] The sodium lauryl sulphate is sieved into the active ingredient through a sieve of
0.2 mm mesh width and the two components are intimately mixed for 10 minutes. The
microcrystalline cellulose is then added through a sieve of 0.9 mm mesh width and
the whole is again intimatelymixed for 10 minutes. Finally, the magnesium stearate
is added through a sieve of 0.8 mm width and, after mixing for a further 3 minutes,
the mixture is introduced in portions of 140 milligrams each into size 0 (elongated)
gelatin dry-fill capsules.
EXAMPLE 29
[0098] A 0.2% injection or infusion solution can be prepared, for example, in the following
manner:
active ingredient |
5.0 grams |
sodium chloride |
22.5 grams |
phosphate buffer pH 7.4 |
300.0 grams |
demineralized water to 2500.0 milliliters |
[0099] The active ingredient is dissolved in 1000 milliliters of water and filtered through
a microfilter or slurried in 1000 mL of H
2O. The buffer solution is added and the whole is made up to 2500 milliliters with
water. To prepare dosage unit forms, portions of 1.0 or 2.5 milliliters each are introduced
into glass ampoules (each containing respectively 2.0 or 5.0 milligrams of active
ingredient).
1. A compound of the formula:
in which:
R2 is hydrogen, nitro, cyano, trifluoromethyl, carboethoxy, carbomethoxy, carbopropoxy,
acetyl, carbamoyl, acetoxy, carboxy, hydroxy, amino, alkyl of 1 to 6 carbon atoms,
alkylidenemethyl of 1 to 6 carbon atoms, alkoxy of 1 to 6 carbon atoms or halo; with
the proviso that either R1 is selected from a group consisting of alkoxy of 1 to 6 carbon atoms, cycloalkoxy
of from 3 to 10 carbon atoms and cyclopentylidenemethyl, and R2 is alkoxy of 1 to 6 carbon atoms; or, R3 is phenyl independently substituted at the 3- and 4-positions with alkoxy up to 10
carbon atoms or cycloalkoxy of up to 10 carbon atoms; and,
R3 is (i) phenyl, substituted or unsubstituted with 1 or more substituents each selected
independently from a group consisting of nitro, cyano, halo, trifluoromethyl, carboethoxy,
carbomethoxy, carbopropoxy, acetyl, carbamoyl, or carbamoyl substituted with alkyl
of 1 to 3 carbon atoms, acetoxy, carboxy, hydroxy, amino, amino substituted with an
alkyl of 1 to 5 carbon atoms, alkyl of up to 10 carbon atoms, cycloalkyl of up to
10 carbon atoms, alkoxy of up to 10 carbon atoms, cycloalkoxy of up to 10 carbon atoms,
alkylidenemethyl of up to 10 carbon atoms, cycloalkylidenemethyl of up to 10 carbon
atoms, phenyl or methylenedioxy; (ii) pyridine, substituted pyridine, 2- or 3- pyrrolidene,
imidazole, naphthalene, or thiophene; (iii) cycloalkyl of 4 to 10 carbon atoms, unsubstituted
or substituted with one or more substituents each selected independently from the
group consisting of nitro, cyano, halo, trifluoromethyl, carboethoxy, carbomethoxy,
carbopropoxy, acetyl, carbamoyl, acetoxy, carboxy, hydroxy, amino, substituted amino,
alkyl of 1 to 10 carbon atoms, alkoxy of 1 to 10 carbon atoms, phenyl;
each of R
4 and R
5 taken individually is a hydrogen or R
4 and R
5 together are a carbon-carbon bond; wherein,
Y is CN;
R1 is R8, (CH2)nR8, OR8, CH=CHR8, or CH=C(R10)2 with the proviso that R3 cannot be unsubstituted phenyl when R1 is methyl and R2 is hydroxy;
R8 is methyl or R9;
R9 is alkyl of 2 to 10 carbon atoms, monocycloalkyl of 3 to 10 carbon atoms, polycycloalkyl
of up to 10 carbon atoms, benzocycloalkyl of up to 10 carbons atoms;
R10 together with the carbon atom to which they are attached form a monocycloalkyl
or bicycloalkyl group of up to 10 carbon atoms;
n is 1 to 3;
or, alternatively, when each of R
4 and R
5 taken individually is hydrogen;
Y is -CON(R6)2, -CO2H, -CO2R7;
R1 is -R9, -(CH2)nR8, -OR9, -CH=CHR8, or -CH=C(R10)2;
R6 is hydrogen or alkyl of 1 to 6 carbon atoms;
R7 is alkyl of 1 to 6 carbon atoms or benzyl; or,
Y is COR7;
R1 is -R8, (CH2)nR8, OR8, CH=CHR8, or CH=C(R10)2 with the proviso that R1 and R2 cannot be -OMe when R3 is hydroxy substituted phenyl;
2. A compound according to claim 1 where Y is -CN or COR7; R1 is R8, (CH2)nR8, OR8; R2 is hydrogen, nitro, cyano, trifluoromethyl, carboethoxy, carbomethoxy, carbopropoxy,
acetyl, carbamoyl, acetoxy, carboxy, hydroxy, amino, alkyl of 1 to 6 carbon atoms,
alkoxy of 1 to 6 carbon atoms or halo.
3. A compound according to claim 1 where Y is -CONR6R6, CO2H or CO2R7; R1 is R9, (CH2)nR8, OR9; R2 is hydrogen, nitro, cyano, trifluoromethyl, carboethoxy, carbomethoxy, carbopropoxy,
acetyl, carbamoyl, acetoxy, carboxy, hydroxy, amino, alkyl of 1 to 6 carbon atoms,
alkoxy of 1 to 6 carbon atoms or halo.
4. A compound according to claim 1 in which R3 is (i) phenyl or naphthalene, substituted or unsubstituted with 1 or more substituents
each selected independently from a group consisting of nitro, cyano, halo, trifluoromethyl,
carboethoxy, carbomethoxy, carbopropoxy, acetyl, carbamoyl, or carbamoyl substituted
with alkyl of 1 to 3 carbon atoms, acetoxy, carboxy, hydroxy, amino, amino substituted
with an alkyl of 1 to 5 carbon atoms, alkyl of up to 10 carbon atoms, cycloalkyl of
up to 10 carbon atoms, alkoxy of up to 10 carbon atoms, cycloalkoxy of up to 10 carbon
atoms, alkylidenemethyl up to 10 carbon atoms, cycloalkylidenemethyl of up to 10 carbon
atoms, phenyl or methylenedioxy; or (ii) cycloalkyl of 4 to 10 carbon atoms, unsubstituted
or substituted, nitro, cyano, halo, trifluoromethyl, carboethoxy, carbomethoxy, carbopropoxy,
acetyl, carbamoyl, acetoxy, carboxy, hydroxy, amino, substituted amino, alkyl of 1
to 10 carbon atoms, alkoxy of 1 to 10 carbon atoms, phenyl.
5. A compound according to claim 1 which is a nitrile or ketone of the formula:
Y is -CN or -COR7,
R1 is R8, (CH2)nR8, OR8, CH=CHR8, or CH=C(R10)2;
R2 is hydrogen, nitro, cyano, trifluoromethyl, carboethoxy, carbomethoxy, carbopropoxy,
acetyl, carbamoyl, acetoxy, carboxy, hydroxy, amino, alkyl of 1 to 6 carbon atoms,
alkoxy of 1 to 6 carbon atoms or halo;
R8 is methyl or R9;
R9 is alkyl of 2 to 10 carbon atoms, monocycloalkyl of 3 to 10 carbon atoms, polycycloalkyl
of up to 10 carbon atoms, benzocycloalkyl of up to 10 carbon atoms;
R10 together with the carbon atom to which they are attached form a monocycloalkyl
group.
6. A compound according to claim 1 which is a carboxylic acid, ester or amide of the
formula:
wherein:
Y is -CO(NR6)2, -CO2H, -CO2R7;
R1 is R9, (CH2)nR8, OR9, CH=CHR8, or CH=C(R10)2;
R6 is hydrogen or alkyl of 1 to 6 carbon atoms;
R7 is alkyl of 1 to 6 carbon atoms or benzyl;
R8 is methyl or R9;
R9 is alkyl of 2 to 10 carbon atoms, monocycloalkyl of 3 to 10 carbon atoms, polycycloalkyl
of up to 10 carbon atoms, benzocycloalkyl of up to 10 carbon atoms; R10 together with the carbon atom to which they are attached form a monocycloalkyl or
bicycloalkyl group; or,
n is 1 to 3.
7. A compound according to claim 1 which is:
3,3-bis-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)acrylonitrile,
3,3-bis-(3-ethoxy-4-methoxyphenyl)acrylonitrile,
3-(3-propoxy-4-methoxyphenyl)-3-phenylacrylonitrile,
3-(3-ethoxy-4-methoxyphenyl)-3-phenylacrylonitrile,
3,3-bis-(3-cyclopentoxy-4-methoxyphenyl)acrylonitrile,
3-(3-cyclopentoxy-4-methoxyphenyl)-3-phenylacrylonitrile, 3-(3-cyclopentoxy-4-methoxyphenyl)-3-phenylpropanenitrile,
methyl 3-(3-cyclopentoxy-4-methoxyphenyl)-3-phenylpropanoate,
3-(3-ethoxy-4-methoxyphenyl)-3-phenylpropanenitrile,
methyl 3-(3-ethoxy-4-methoxyphenyl)-3-phenylpropanoate,
3,3-bis-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)propanenitrile,
3,3-bis-(3-ethoxy-4-methoxyphenyl)propanenitrile,
3-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-phenylacrylonitrile,
3-(3-ethoxy-4-methoxyphenyl)-3-naphthylpropanenitrile,
3-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-phenylpropanenitrile, or
3-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-(3-ethoxy-4-methoxyphenyl)propanenitrile.
8. A compound according to claim 1 which is:
4-(3-ethoxy-4-methoxyphenyl)-4-(4-pyridyl)butan-2-one;
4-(3-cyclopentoxy-4-methoxyphenyl)-4-(4-pyridyl)butan-2-one;
methyl 3-(3-ethoxy-4-methoxyphenyl)-3-(4-pyridyl)propanoate;
3-(3-ethoxy-4-methoxyphenyl)-3-(4-pyridyl)prop-2-enenitrile;
3-(3-ethoxy-4-methoxyphenyl)-3-(4-pyridyl)propanenitrile;
3-(3-cyclopentoxy-4-methoxyphenyl)-3-(4-pyridyl)prop-2-enenitrile;
3-(3-cyclopentoxy-4-methoxyphenyl)-3-(4-pyridyl)propanenitrile;
4,4-bis-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)butan-2-one;
4-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-4-(3-ethoxy-4-methoxyphenyl)butan-2-one;
4-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-4-(3-(cyclopentylidenemethyl)-4-methoxyphenyl)butan-2-one;
3-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-(3-(cyclopentylidenemethyl)-4-methoxyphenyl)prop-2-enenitrile;
3-(3-(cyclopentylidenemethyl)-4-methoxyphenyl)-3-phenyl-prop-2-enenitrile;
1 -(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-1-(3-ethoxy-4-methoxyphenyl)pentan-3-one;
1,1-bis-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)pentan-3-one;
3-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-(3-(cyclopentylidenemethyl)-4-methoxyphenyl)prop-2-enenitrile;
3-(3-(cyclopentylidenemethyl)-4-methoxyphenyl)-3-phenyl-propanenitrile;
3,3-bis-(3-(cyclopentylidenemethyl)-4-methoxyphenyl)propanenitrile;
3,3-bis-(3-(cyclopentylidenemethyl)-4-methoxyphenyl)prop-2-enenitrile;
3-(3-(cyclopentylidenemethyl)-4-methoxyphenyl-3-phenyl)propanamide;
3,3-bis-(3-(cyclopentylidenemethyl)-4-methoxyphenyl)propanamide;
3,3-bis-(3-ethoxy-4-methoxyphenyl)propanamide;
3,3-bis-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)propanamide;
3-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-(4-methoxy-3-exo-norbornyloxyphenyl)prop-2-enenitrile;
3-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-(3,4-methylenedioxyphenyl)prop-2-enenitrile;
3-(4-aminophenyl)-3-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)prop-2-enenitrile; or
3-(4-aminophenyl)-3-(3-ethoxy-4-dimethoxyphenyl)prop-2-enenitrile.
9. A compound for use as an immunotherapeutic agent for reduction of cytokine levels
and precursors of the formula:
in which:
R2 is hydrogen, nitro, cyano, trifluoromethyl, carboethoxy, carbomethoxy, carbopropoxy,
acetyl, carbamoyl, acetoxy, carboxy, hydroxy, amino, alkyl of 1 to 6 carbon atoms,
alkylidenemethyl of 1 to 6 carbon atoms, alkoxy of 1 to 6 carbon atoms or halo; with
the proviso that either R1 is selected from a group consisting of alkoxy of 1 to 6 carbon atoms, cycloalkoxy
of from 3 to 10 carbon atoms and cyclopentylidenemethyl, and R2 is alkoxy of 1 to 6 carbon atoms; or, R3 is phenyl independently substituted at the 3- and 4-positions with alkoxy up to 10
carbon atoms or cycloalkoxy of up to 10 carbon atoms; and,
R3 is (i) phenyl, substituted or unsubstituted with 1 or more substituents each selected
independently from a group consisting of nitro, cyano, halo, trifluoromethyl, carboethoxy,
carbomethoxy, carbopropoxy, acetyl, carbamoyl, or carbamoyl substituted with alkyl
of 1 to 3 carbon atoms, acetoxy, carboxy, hydroxy, amino, amino substituted with an
alkyl of 1 to 5 carbon atoms, alkyl of up to 10 carbon atoms, cycloalkyl of up to
10 carbon atoms, alkoxy of up to 10 carbon atoms, cycloalkoxy of up to 10 carbon atoms,
alkylidenemethyl of up to 10 carbon atoms, cycloalkylidenemethyl of up to 10 carbon
atoms, phenyl or methylenedioxy; (ii) pyridine, substituted pyridine, 2- or 3- pyrrolidene,
imidazole, naphthalene, or thiophene; (iii) cycloalkyl of 4 to 10 carbon atoms, unsubstituted
or substituted nitro, cyano, halo, trifluoromethyl, carboethoxy, with one or more
substituents each selected independently from the group consisting of carbomethoxy,
carbopropoxy, acetyl, carbamoyl, acetoxy, carboxy, hydroxy, amino, substituted amino,
alkyl of 1 to 10 carbon atoms, alkoxy of 1 to 10 carbon atoms, phenyl;
each of R
4 and R
5 taken individually is a hydrogen or R
4 and R
5 together are a carbon-carbon bond; wherein,
Y is CN;
R1 is R8, (CH2)nR8, OR8, CH=CHR8, or CH=C(R10)2 with the proviso that R3 cannot be unsubstituted phenyl when R1 is methyl and R2 is hydroxy; R8 is methyl or R9;
R9 is alkyl of 2 to 10 carbon atoms, monocycloalkyl of 3 to 10 carbon atoms, polycycloalkyl
of up to 10 carbon atoms, benzocycloalkyl of up to 10 carbon atoms; R10 together with the carbon atom to which they are attached form a monocycloalkyl or
bicycloalkyl group of up to 10 carbon atoms;
n is 1 to 3;
or, alternatively, when each of R
4 and R
5 taken individually is hydrogen;
Y is -CON(R6)2, -CO2H, -CO2R7;
R1 is -R9, -(CH2)nR8, -OR9, -CH=CHR8, or -CH=C(R10)2;
R6 is hydrogen or alkyl of 1 to 6 carbon atoms;
R7 is alkyl of 1 to 6 carbon atoms or benzyl; or,
Y is COR7;
R1 is -R8, (CH2)nR8, OR8, CH=CHR8, or CH=C(R10)2 with the proviso that R1 and R2 cannot be -OMe when R3 is hydroxy substituted phenyl.
10. A compound according to claim 9 where Y is -CN or COR7; R1 is R8, (CH2)nR8, OR8; R2 is hydrogen, nitro, cyano, trifluoromethyl, carboethoxy, carbomethoxy, carbopropoxy,
acetyl, carbamoyl, acetoxy, carboxy, hydroxy, amino, alkyl of 1 to 6 carbon atoms,
alkoxy of 1 to 6 carbon atoms or halo.
11. A compound according to claim 9 where Y is -CONR6R6, CO2H or CO2R7; R1 is R9, (CH2)nR8, OR9; R2 is hydrogen, nitro, cyano, trifluoromethyl, carboethoxy, carbomethoxy, carbopropoxy,
acetyl, carbamoyl, acetoxy, carboxy, hydroxy, amino, alkyl of 1 to 6 carbon atoms,
alkoxy of 1 to 6 carbon atoms or halo.
12. A compound according to claim 9 in which R3 is (i) phenyl or naphthalene, substituted or unsubstituted with 1 or more substituents
each selected independently from a group consisting of nitro, cyano, halo, trifluoromethyl,
carboethoxy, carbomethoxy, carbopropoxy, acetyl, carbamoyl, or carbamoyl substituted
with alkyl of 1 to 3 carbon atoms, acetoxy, carboxy, hydroxy, amino, amino substituted
with an alkyl of 1 to 5 carbon atoms, alkyl of up to 10 carbon atoms, cycloalkyl of
up to 10 carbon atoms, alkoxy of up to 10 carbon atoms, cycloalkoxy of up to 10 carbon
atoms, alkylidenemethyl up to 10 carbon atoms, cycloalkylidenemethyl of up to 10 carbon
atoms, phenyl or methylenedoxy; or (ii) cycloalkyl of 4 to 10 carbon atoms, unsubstituted
or substituted with one or more substituents each selected independently from the
group consisting of nitro, cyano, halo, trifluoromethyl, carboethoxy, carbomethoxy,
carbopropoxy, acetyl, carbamoyl, acetoxy, carboxy, hydroxy, amino, substituted amino,
alkyl of 1 to 10 carbon atoms, alkoxy of 1 to 10 carbon atoms, phenyl.
13. A compound according to claim 9 which is a nitrile or ketone of formula:
Y is -CN or -COR7,
R1 is R8, (CH2)nR8, OR8, CH=CHR8, or CH=C(R10)2;
R2 is hydrogen, nitro, cyano, trifluoromethyl, carboethoxy, carbomethoxy, carbopropoxy,
acetyl, carbamoyl, acetoxy, carboxy, hydroxy, amino, alkyl of 1 to 6 carbon atoms,
alkoxy of 1 to 6 carbon atoms or halo;
R8 is methyl or R9;
R9 is alkyl of 2 to 10 carbon atoms, monocycloalkyl of 3 to 10 carbon atoms, polycycloalkyl
of up to 10 carbon atoms, benzocycloalkyl of up to 10 carbon atoms;
R10 together with the carbon atom to which they are attached form a monocycloalkyl
group.
14. A compound according to claim 9 which is a carboxylic acid, ester or amide of the
formula:
wherein:
Y is -CO(NR6)2, -CO2H, -CO2R7;
R1 is R9, (CH2)nR8, OR9, CH=CHR8, or CH=C(R10)2;
R6 is hydrogen or alkyl of 1 to 6 carbon atoms;
R7 is alkyl of 1 to 6 carbon atoms or benzyl;
R8 is methyl or R9;
R9 is alkyl of 2 to 10 carbon atoms, monocycloalkyl of 3 to 10 carbon atoms, polycycloalkyl
of up to 10 carbon atoms, benzocycloalkyl of up to 10 carbon atoms;
R10 together with the carbon atom to which they are attached form a monocycloalkyl
or bicycloalkyl group; or,
n is 1 to 3.
15. A compound according to claim 9 which is:
3,3-bis-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)acrylonitrile,
3,3-bis-(3-ethoxy-4-methoxyphenyl)acrylonitrile,
3-(3-propoxy-4-methoxyphenyl)-3-phenylacrylonitrile,
3-(3-ethoxy-4-methoxyphenyl)-3-phenylacrylonitrile,
3,3-bis-(3-cyclopentoxy-4-methoxyphenyl)acrylonitrile,
3-(3-cyclopentoxy-4-methoxyphenyl)-3-phenylacrylonitrile,
3-(3-cyclopentoxy-4-methoxyphenyl)-3-phenylpropanenitrile,
methyl 3-(3-cyclopentoxy-4-methoxyphenyl)-3-phenylpropanoate,
3-(3-ethoxy-4-methoxyphenyl)-3-phenylpropanenitrile,
methyl 3-(3-ethoxy-4-methoxyphenyl)-3-phenylpropanoate,
3,3-bis-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)propanenitrile,
3,3-bis-(3-ethoxy-4-methoxyphenyl)propanenitrile,
3-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-phenylacrylonitrile,
3-(3-ethoxy-4-methoxyphenyl)-3-naphthylpropanenitrile,
3-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-phenylpropanenitrile, or
3-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-(3-ethoxy-4-methoxyphenyl)propanenitrile.
16. A compound according to claim 9 which is:
4-(3-ethoxy-4-methoxyphenyl)-4-(4-pyridyl)butan-2-one;
44-(3-cyclopentoxy-4-methoxyphenyl)-4-(4-pyridyl)butan-2-one;
methyl 3-(3-ethoxy-4-methoxyphenyl)-3-(4-pyridyl)propanoate;
3-(3-ethoxy-4-methoxyphenyl)-3-(4-pyridyl)prop-2-enenitrile;
3-(3-ethoxy-4-methoxyphenyl)-3-(4-pyridyl)propanenitrile;
3-(3-cyclopentoxy-4-methoxyphenyl)-3-(4-pyridyl)prop-2-enenitrile;
3-(3-cyclopentoxy-4-methoxyphenyl)-3-(4-pyridyl)propanenitrile;
4,4-bis-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)butan-2-one;
4-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-4-(3-ethoxy-4-methoxyphenyl)butan-2-one;
4-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-4-(3-(cyclopentylidenemethyl)-4-methoxyphenyl)butan-2-one;
3-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-(3-(cyclopentylidenemethyl)-4-methoxyphenyl)prop-2-enenitrile;
3-(3-(cyclopentylidenemethyl)-4-methoxyphenyl)-3-phenyl-prop-2-enenitrile;
1-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-1-(3-ethoxy-4-methoxyphenyl)pentan-3-one;
1,1-bis-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)pentan-3-one;
3-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-(3-(cyclopentylidenemethyl)-4-methoxyphenyl)prop-2-enenitrile;
3-(3-(cyclopentylidenemethyl)-4-methoxyphenyl)-3-phenyl-propanenitrile; 3,3-bis-(3-(cyclopentylidenemethyl)-4-methoxyphenyl)propanenitrile;
3,3-bis-(3-(cyclopentylidenemethyl)-4-methoxyphenyl)prop-2-enenitrile;
3-(3-(cyclopentylidenemethyl)-4-methoxyphenyl-3-phenyl)propanamide;
3,3-bis-(3-(cyclopentylidenemethyl)-4-methoxyphenyl)propanamide;
3,3-bis-(3-ethoxy-4-methoxyphenyl)propanamide;
3,3-bis-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)propanamide;
3-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-(4-methoxy-3-exo-norbomyloxyphenyl)prop-2-enenitrile;
3-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-(3,4-methylenedioxyphenyl)prop-2-enenitrile;
3-(4-aminophenyl)-3-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)prop-2-enenitrile; or
3-(4-aminophenyl)-3-(3-ethoxy-4-dimethoxyphenyl)prop-2-enenitrile.
1. Verbindung der Formel:
in der:
R2 Wasserstoff, Nitro, Cyano, Trifluormethyl, Carboethoxy, Carbomethoxy, Carbopropoxy,
Acetyl, Carbamoyl, Acetoxy, Carboxy, Hydroxy, Amino, Alkyl mit 1 bis 6 Kohlenstoffatomen,
Alkylidenmethyl mit 1 bis 6 Kohlenstoffatomen, Alkoxy mit 1 bis 6 Kohlenstoffatomen
oder Halo ist; mit der Maßgabe, daß entweder R1 ausgewählt ist aus einer Gruppe, die aus Alkoxy mit 1 bis 6 Kohlenstoffatomen, Cycloalkoxy
mit von 3 bis 10 Kohlenstoffatomen und Cyclopentylidenmethyl besteht, und R2 Alkoxy mit 1 bis 6 Kohlenstoffatomen ist; oder R3 Phenyl ist, unabhängig substituiert an den 3- und 4-Positionen mit Alkoxy mit bis
zu 10 Kohlenstoffatomen oder Cycloalkoxy mit bis zu 10 Kohlenstoffatomen; und
R3 (i) Phenyl, substituiert oder unsubstituiert mit 1 oder mehr Substituenten, jeder
unabhängig ausgewählt aus einer Gruppe, die aus Nitro, Cyano, Halo, Trifluormethyl,
Carboethoxy, Carbomethoxy, Carbopropoxy, Acetyl, Carbamoyl oder Carbamoyl, substituiert
mit Alkyl mit 1 bis 3 Kohlenstoffatomen, Acetoxy, Carboxy, Hydroxy, Amino, Amino,
substituiert mit einem Alkyl mit 1 bis 5 Kohlenstoffatomen, Alkyl mit bis zu 10 Kohlenstoffatomen,
Cycloalkyl mit bis zu 10 Kohlenstoffatomen, Alkoxy mit bis zu 10 Kohlenstoffatomen,
Cycloalkoxy mit bis zu 10 Kohlenstoffatomen, Alkylidenmethyl mit bis zu 10 Kohlenstoffatomen,
Cycloalkylidenmethyl mit bis zu 10 Kohlenstoffatomen, Phenyl oder Methylendioxy; (ii)
Pyridin, substituiertes Pyridin, 2- oder 3-Pyrroliden, Imidazol, Naphtalin oder Thiophen;
(iii) Cycloalkyl mit 4 bis 10 Kohlenstoffatomen ist, unsubstituiert oder substituiert
mit einem oder mehreren Substituenten, jeweils unabhängig ausgewählt aus der Gruppe,
bestehend aus Nitro, Cyano, Halo, Trifluormethyl, Carboethoxy, Carbomethoxy, Carbopropoxy,
Acetyl, Carbamoyl, Acetoxy, Carboxy, Hydroxy, Amino, substituiertem Amino, Alkyl mit
1 bis 10 Kohlenstoffatomen, Alkoxy mit 1 bis 10 Kohlenstoffatomen, Phenyl;
jedes R
4 und R
5 einzeln genommen ein Wasserstoff ist oder R
4 und R
5 zusammen eine Kohlenstoff-Kohlenstoff-Bindung sind; wobei
Y CN ist;
R1 R8, (CH2)nR8, OR8, CH=CHR8 oder CH=C(R10)2 ist, mit der Maßgabe, daß R3 nicht unsubstituiertes Phenyl sein kann, wenn R1 Methyl ist und R2 Hydroxy ist;
R8 Methyl oder R9 ist;
R9 Alkyl mit 2 bis 10 Kohlenstoffatomen, Monocycloalkyl mit 3 bis 10 Kohlenstoffatomen,
Polycycloalkyl mit bis zu 10 Kohlenstoffatomen, Benzocycloalkyl mit bis zu 10 Kohlenstoffatomen
ist;
R10 zusammen mit dem Kohlenstoffatom, an das sie gebunden sind, eine Monocycloalkyloder
Bicycloalkylgruppe mit bis zu 10 Kohlenstoffatomen bilden;
n 1 bis 3 ist;
oder, alternativ, wenn jedes von R4 und R5 einzeln genommen Wasserstoff ist;
Y -CON(R6)2, -CO2H, -CO2R7 ist;
R1 R9, -(CH2)nR8, -OR9, -CH=CHR8 oder -CH=C(R10)2 ist;
R6 Wasserstoff oder Alkyl mit 1 bis 6 Kohlenstoffatomen ist;
R7 Alkyl mit 1 bis 6 Kohlenstoffatomen oder Benzyl ist; oder
Y COR7 ist;
R1 R8, (CH2)nR8, OR8, CH=CHR8 oder CH=C(R10)2 ist, mit der Maßgabe, daß R1 und R2 nicht -OMe sein können, wenn R3 Hydroxy-substituiertes Phenyl ist.
2. Verbindung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß Y -CN oder COR7 ist; R1 R8, (CH2)nR8, OR8 ist; R2 Wasserstoff, Nitro, Cyano, Trifluormethyl, Carboethoxy, Carbomethoxy, Carbopropoxy,
Acetyl, Carbamoyl, Acetoxy, Carboxy, Hydroxy, Amino, Alkyl mit 1 bis 6 Kohlenstoffatomen,
Alkoxy mit 1 bis 6 Kohlenstoffatomen oder Halo ist.
3. Verbindung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß Y -CONR6R6, CO2H oder CO2R7 ist; R1 R9, (CH2)nR8, OR9 ist; R2 Wasserstoff, Nitro, Cyano, Trifluormethyl, Carboethoxy, Carbomethoxy, Carbopropoxy,
Acetyl, Carbamoyl, Acetoxy, Carboxy, Hydroxy, Amino, Alkyl mit 1 bis 6 Kohlenstoffatomen,
Alkoxy mit 1 bis 6 Kohlenstoffatomen oder Halo ist.
4. Verbindung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß R3 (i) Phenyl oder Naphtalin ist, substituiert oder unsubstituiert mit 1 oder mehr Substituenten,
jeder unabhängig ausgewählt aus einer Gruppe, die aus Nitro, Cyano, Halo, Trifluormethyl,
Carboethoxy, Carbomethoxy, Carbopropoxy, Acetyl, Carbamoyl oder Carbamoyl, substituiert
mit Alkyl mit 1 bis 3 Kohlenstoffatomen, Acetoxy, Carboxy, Hydroxy, Amino, Amino,
substituiert mit einem Alkyl mit 1 bis 5 Kohlenstoffatomen, Alkyl mit bis zu 10 Kohlenstoffatomen,
Cycloalkyl mit bis zu 10 Kohlenstoffatomen, Alkoxy mit bis zu 10 Kohlenstoffatomen,
Cycloalkoxy mit bis zu 10 Kohlenstoffatomen, Alkylidenmethyl mit bis zu 10 Kohlenstoffatomen,
Cycloalkylidenmethyl mit bis zu 10 Kohlenstoffatomen, Phenyl oder Methylendioxy besteht;
oder (ii) Cycloalkyl mit 4 bis 10 Kohlenstoffatomen, unsubstituiert oder substituiert,
Nitro, Cyano, Halo, Trifluormethyl, Carboethoxy, Carbomethoxy, Carbopropoxy, Acetyl,
Carbamoyl, Acetoxy, Carboxy, Hydroxy, Amino, substituiertes Amino, Alkyl mit 1 bis
10 Kohlenstoffatomen, Alkoxy mit 1 bis 10 Kohlenstoffatomen, Phenyl ist.
5. Verbindung nach Anspruch 1,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sie ein Nitril oder Keton der Formel ist:
oder
Y -CN oder -COR7 ist,
R1 R8, (CH2)nR8, OR8, CH=CHR8 oder CH=C(R10)2 ist;
R2 Wasserstoff, Nitro, Cyano, Trifluormethyl, Carboethoxy, Carbomethoxy, Carbopropoxy,
Acetyl, Carbamoyl, Acetoxy, Carboxy, Hydroxy, Amino, Alkyl mit 1 bis 6 Kohlenstoffatomen,
Alkoxy mit 1 bis 6 Kohlenstoffatomen oder Halo ist;
R8 Methyl oder R9 ist;
R9 Alkyl mit 2 bis 10 Kohlenstoffatomen, Monocycloalkyl mit 3 bis 10 Kohlenstoffatomen,
Polycycloalkyl mit bis zu 10 Kohlenstoffatomen, Benzocycloalkyl mit bis zu 10 Kohlenstoffatomen
ist;
R10 zusammen mit dem Kohlenstoffätom, an das sie gebunden sind, eine Monocycloalkylgruppe
bilden.
6. Verbindung nach Anspruch 1,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sie eine Carbonsäure, Ester oder Amid der Formel ist:
wobei:
Y -CO(NR6)2, -CO2H, -CO2R7 ist;
R1 R9, (CH2)nR8, OR9, CH=CHR8 oder CH=C(R10)2 ist;
R6 Wasserstoff oder Alkyl mit 1 bis 6 Kohlenstoffatomen ist;
R7 Alkyl mit 1 bis 6 Kohlenstoffatomen oder Benzyl ist;
R8 Methyl oder R9 ist;
R9 Alkyl mit 2 bis 10 Kohlenstoffatomen, Monocycloalkyl mit 3 bis 10 Kohlenstoffatomen,
Polycycloalkyl mit bis zu 10 Kohlenstoffatomen, Benzocycloalkyl mit bis zu 10 Kohlenstoffatomen
ist;
R10 zusammen mit dem Kohlenstoffatom, an das sie gebunden sind, eine Monocycloalkyloder
Bicycloalkylgruppe bilden; oder
n 1 bis 3 ist.
7. Verbindung nach Anspruch 1,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sie:
3,3 -Bis-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)acrylnitril,
3,3-Bis-(3-ethoxy-4-methoxyphenyl)acrylnitril,
3-(3-Propoxy-4-methoxyphenyl)-3-phenylacrylnitril,
3-(3-Ethoxy-4-methoxyphenyl)-3-phenylacrylnitril,
3,3-Bis-(3-cyclopentoxy-4-methoxyphenyl)acrylnitril,
3 -(3-Cyclopentoxy-4-methoxyphenyl)-3 -phenylacrylnitril,
3-(3-Cyclopentoxy-4-methoxyphenyl)-3-phenylpropannitril,
Methyl-3-(3-cyclopentoxy-4-methoxyphenyl)-3-phenylpropanoat,
3-(3-Ethoxy-4-methoxyphenyl)-3-phenylpropannitril,
Methyl-3-(3-ethoxy-4-methoxyphenyl)-3-phenylpropanoat,
3,3-Bis-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)propannitril,
3,3-Bis-(3-ethoxy-4-methoxyphenyl)propannitril,
3-(3,4-Dimethoxyphenyl)-3-phenylacrylnitril,
3-(3-Ethoxy-4-metoxyphenyl)-3-naphthylpropannitril,
3-(3,4-Dimethoxyphenyl)-3-phenylpropannitril oder
3-(3,4-Dimethoxyphenyl)-3-(3-ethoxy-4-methoxyphenyl)propannitril
ist.
8. Verbindung nach Anspruch 1,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sie:
4-(3-Ethoxy-4-methoxyphenyl)-4-(4-pyridyl)butan-2-on;
4-(3-Cyclopentoxy-4-methoxyphenyl)-4-(4-pyridyl)butan-2-on;
Methyl-3-(3-ethoxy-4-methoxyphenyl)-3-(4-pyridyl)propanoat;
3-(3-Ethoxy-4-methoxyphenyl)-3-(4-pyridyl)prop-2-ennitril;
3-(3-Ethoxy-4-methoxyphenyl)-3-(4-pyridyl)propannitril;
3-(3-Cyclopentoxy-4-methoxyphenyl)-3-(4-pyridyl)prop-2-ennitril;
3-(3-Cyclopentoxy-4-methoxyphenyl)-3-(4-pyridyl)propannitril;
4,4-Bis-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)butan-2-on;
4-(3,4-Dimethoxyphenyl)-4-(3-ethoxy-4-methoxyphenyl)butan-2-on;
4-(3,4-Dimethoxyphenyl)-4-(3-(cyclopentylidenmethyl)-4-methoxyphenyl)-butan-2-on;
3-(3,4-Dimethoxyphenyl)-3-(3-(cyclopentylidenmethyl)-4-methoxyphenyl)prop-2-ennitril;
3-(3-(Cyclopentylidenmethyl)-4-methoxyphenyl)-3-phenyl-prop-2-ennitril;
1-(3,4-Dimethoxyphenyl)-1-(3-ethoxy-4-methoxyphenyl)pentan-3-on;
1,1-Bis-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)pentan-3-on;
3-(3,4-Dimethoxyphenyl)-3-(3-(cyclopentylidenmethyl)-4-methoxyphenyl)prop-2-ennitril;
3-(3-(Cyclopentylidenmethyl)-4-methoxyphenyl)-3-phenyl-propannitril;
3,3-Bis-(3-(cyclopentylidenmethyl)-4-methoxyphenyl)propannitril;
3,3-Bis-(3-(cyclopentylidenmethyl)-4-methoxypenyl)prop-2-ennitril;
3-(3-(Cyclopentylidenmethyl)-4-methoxyphenyl-3-phenyl)propanamid;
3,3-Bis-(3-(cyclopentylidenmethyl)-4-methoxyphenyl)propanamid;
3,3-Bis-(3-ethoxy-4-methoxyphenyl)propanamid;
3,3-Bis-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)propanamid;
3-(3,4-Dimethoxyphenyl)-3-(4-methoxy-3-exo-norbomyloxyphenyl)prop-2-ennitril;
3-(3,4-Dimethoxyphenyl)-3-(3,4-methylendioxyphenyl)prop-2-ennitril;
3-(4-Aminophenyl)-3-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)prop-2-ennitril oder
3-(4-Aminophenyl)-3-(3-ethoxy-4-dimethoxyphenyl)prop-2-ennitril
ist.
9. Verbindung zur Verwendung als ein Immuntherapeutikum zur Verringerung von Cytokinspiegeln
und Vorläufer der Formel:
in der:
R2 Wasserstoff, Nitro, Cyano, Trifluormethyl, Carboethoxy, Carbomethoxy, Carbopropoxy,
Acetyl, Carbamoyl, Acetoxy, Carboxy, Hydroxy, Amino, Alkyl mit 1 bis 6 Kohlenstoffatomen,
Alkylidenmethyl mit 1 bis 6 Kohlenstoffatomen, Alkoxy mit 1 bis 6 Kohlenstoffatomen
oder Halo ist; mit der Maßgabe, daß entweder R1 ausgewählt ist aus einer Gruppe, die aus Alkoxy mit 1 bis 6 Kohlenstoffatomen, Cycloalkoxy
mit von 3 bis 10 Kohlenstoffatomen und Cyclopentylidenmethyl besteht, und R2 Alkoxy mit 1 bis 6 Kohlenstoffatomen ist; oder R3 Phenyl ist, unabhängig substituiert an den 3- und 4-Positionen mit Alkoxy mit bis
zu 10 Kohlenstoffatomen oder Cycloalkoxy mit bis zu 10 Kohlenstoffatomen; und
R3 (i) Phenyl, substituiert oder unsubstituiert mit 1 oder mehr Substituenten, jeder
unabhängig ausgewählt aus einer Gruppe, die aus Nitro, Cyano, Halo, Trifluormethyl,
Carboethoxy, Carbomethoxy, Carbopropoxy, Acetyl, Carbamoyl oder Carbamoyl, substituiert
mit Alkyl mit 1 bis 3 Kohlenstoffatomen, Acetoxy, Carboxy, Hydroxy, Amino, Amino,
substituiert mit einem Alkyl mit 1 bis 5 Kohlenstoffatomen, Alkyl mit bis zu 10 Kohlenstoffatomen,
Cycloalkyl mit bis zu 10 Kohlenstoffatomen, Alkoxy mit bis zu 10 Kohlenstoffatomen,
Cycloalkoxy mit bis zu 10 Kohlenstoffatomen, Alkylidenmethyl mit bis zu 10 Kohlenstoffatomen,
Cycloalkylidenmethyl mit bis zu 10 Kohlenstoffatomen, Phenyl oder Methylendioxy; (ii)
Pyridin, substituiertes Pyridin, 2- oder 3-Pyrroliden, Imidazol, Naphtalin oder Thiophen;
(iii) Cycloalkyl mit 4 bis 10 Kohlenstoffatomen ist, unsubstituiert oder substituiert
mit einem oder mehreren Substituenten, jeweils unabhängig ausgewählt aus der Gruppe,
bestehend aus Nitro, Cyano, Halo, Trifluormethyl, Caxboethoxyl Carbomethoxy, Carbopropoxy,
Acetyl, Carbamoyl, Acetoxy, Carboxy, Hydroxy, Amino, substituiertem Amino, Alkyl mit
1 bis 10 Kohlenstoffatomen, Alkoxy mit I bis 10 Kohlenstoffatomen, Phenyl;
jedes R
4 und R
5 einzeln genommen ein Wasserstoff ist oder R
4 und R
5 zusammen eine Kohlenstoff-Kohlenstoff-Bindung sind; wobei
Y CN ist;
R1 R8, (CH2)nR8, OR8, CH=CHR8 oder CH=C(R10)2 ist, mit der Maßgabe, daß R3 nicht unsubstituiertes Phenyl sein kann, wenn R1 Methyl ist und R2 Hydroxy ist;
R8 Methyl oder R9 ist;
R9 Alkyl mit 2 bis 10 Kohlenstoffatomen, Monocycloalkyl mit 3 bis 10 Kohlenstoffatomen,
Polycycloalkyl mit bis zu 10 Kohlenstoffatomen, Benzocycloalkyl mit bis zu 10 Kohlenstoffatomen
ist;
R10 zusammen mit dem Kohlenstoffatom, an das sie gebunden sind, eine Monocycloalkyloder
Bicycloalkylgruppe mit bis zu 10 Kohlenstoffatomen bilden,
n 1 bis 3 ist;
oder, alternativ, wenn jedes von R
4 und R
5 einzeln genommen Wasserstoff ist;
Y -CON(R6)2, -CO2H, -CO2R7 ist;
R1 R9, -(CH2)nR8, -OR9, -CH=CHR8 oder -CH=C(R10)2 ist;
R6 Wasserstoff oder Alkyl mit 1 bis 6 Kohlenstoffatomen ist;
R7 Alkyl mit 1 bis 6 Kohlenstoffatomen oder Benzyl ist; oder
Y COR7 ist;
R1 R8, (CH2)nR8, OR8, CH=CHR8 oder CH=C(R10)2 ist, mit der Maßgabe, daß R1 und R2 nicht -OMe sein können, wenn R3 Hydroxy-substituiertes Phenyl ist.
10. Verbindung nach Anspruch 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß Y -CN oder COR7 ist; R1 R8, (CH2)nR8, OR8 ist; R2 Wasserstoff, Nitro, Cyano, Trifluormethyl, Carboethoxy, Carbomethoxy, Carbopropoxy,
Acetyl, Carbamoyl, Acetoxy, Carboxy, Hydroxy, Amino, Alkyl mit 1 bis 6 Kohlenstoffatomen,
Alkoxy mit 1 bis 6 Kohlenstoffatomen oder Halo ist.
11. Verbindung nach Anspruch 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß Y -CONR6R6, CO2H oder CO2R7 ist; R1 R9, (CH2)nR8, OR9 ist; R2 Wasserstoff, Nitro, Cyano, Trifluormethyl, Carboethoxy, Carbomethoxy, Carbopropoxy,
Acetyl, Carbamoyl, Acetoxy, Carboxy, Hydroxy, Amino, Alkyl mit 1 bis 6 Kohlenstoffatomen,
Alkoxy mit 1 bis 6 Kohlenstoffatomen oder Halo ist.
12. Verbindung nach Anspruch 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß R3 (i) Phenyl oder Naphtalin ist, substituiert oder unsubstituiert mit 1 oder mehr Substituenten,
jeder unabhängig ausgewählt aus einer Gruppe, die aus Nitro, Cyano, Halo, Trifluormethyl,
Carboethoxy, Carbomethoxy, Carbopropoxy, Acetyl, Carbamoyl oder Carbamoyl, substituiert
mit Alkyl mit 1 bis 3 Kohlenstoffatomen, Acetoxy, Carboxy, Hydroxy, Amino, Amino,
substituiert mit einem Alkyl mit 1 bis 5 Kohlenstoffatomen, Alkyl mit bis zu 10 Kohlenstoffatomen,
Cycloalkyl mit bis zu 10 Kohlenstoffatomen, Alkoxy mit bis zu 10 Kohlenstoffatomen,
Cycloalkoxy mit bis zu 10 Kohlenstoffatomen, Alkylidenmethyl mit bis zu 10 Kohlenstoffatomen,
Cycloalkylidenmethyl mit bis zu 10 Kohlenstoffatomen, Phenyl oder Methylendioxy besteht;
oder (ii) Cycloalkyl mit 4 bis 10 Kohlenstoffatomen ist, unsubstituiert oder substituiert
mit einem oder mehreren Substituenten, jeweils unabhängig ausgewählt aus der Gruppe,
bestehend aus Nitro, Cyano, Halo, Trifluormethyl, Carboethoxy, Carbomethoxy, Carbopropoxy,
Acetyl, Carbamoyl, Acetoxy, Carboxy, Hydroxy, Amino, substituiertem Amino, Alkyl mit
1 bis 10 Kohlenstoffatomen, Alkoxy mit 1 bis 10 Kohlenstoffatomen, Phenyl.
13. Verbindung nach Anspruch 9,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sie ein Nitril oder Keton der Formel ist:
oder
Y -CN oder -COR7 ist,
R1 R8, (CH2)nR8, OR8, CH=CHR8 oder CH=C(R10)2 ist;
R2 Wasserstoff, Nitro, Cyano, Trifluormethyl, Carboethoxy, Carbomethoxy, Carbopropoxy,
Acetyl, Carbamoyl, Acetoxy, Carboxy, Hydroxy, Amino, Alkyl mit 1 bis 6 Kohlenstoffatomen,
Alkoxy mit 1 bis 6 Kohlenstoffatomen oder Halo ist;
R8 Methyl oder R9 ist;
R9 Alkyl mit 2 bis 10 Kohlenstoffatomen, Monocycloalkyl mit 3 bis 10 Kohlenstoffatomen,
Polycycloalkyl mit bis zu 10 Kohlenstoffatomen, Benzocycloalkyl mit bis zu 10 Kohlenstoffatomen
ist;
R10 zusammen mit dem Kohlenstoffatom, an das sie gebunden sind, eine Monocycloalkylgruppe
bilden.
14. Verbindung nach Anspruch 9,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sie eine Carbonsäure, Ester oder Amid der Formel ist:
wobei:
Y -CO(NR6)2, -CO2H, -CO2R7 ist;
R1 R9, (CH2)nR8, OR9, CH=CHR8 oder CH=C(R10)2 ist;
R6 Wasserstoff oder Alkyl mit 1 bis 6 Kohlenstoffatomen ist;
R7 Alkyl mit 1 bis 6 Kohlenstoffatomen oder Benzyl ist;
R8 Methyl oder R9 ist;
R9 Alkyl mit 2 bis 10 Kohlenstoffatomen, Monocycloalkyl mit 3 bis 10 Kohlenstoffatomen,
Polycycloalkyl mit bis zu 10 Kohlenstoffatomen, Benzocycloalkyl mit bis zu 10 Kohlenstoffatomen
ist;
R10 zusammen mit dem Kohlenstoffatom, an das sie gebunden sind, eine Monocycloalkyloder
Bicycloalkylgruppe bilden; oder
n 1 bis 3 ist.
15. Verbindung nach Anspruch 9,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sie:
3,3-Bis-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)acrylnitril,
3,3-Bis-(3 -ethoxy-4-methoxyphenyl)acrylnitril,
3-(3-Propoxy-4-methoxyphenyl)-3-phenylacrylnitril,
3-(3-Ethoxy-4-methoxyphenyl)-3-phenylacrylnitril,
3,3-Bis-(3-cyclopentoxy-4-methoxyphenyl)acrylnitril,
3-(3-Cyclopentoxy-4-methoxyphenyl)-3-phenylacrylnitril,
3-(3-Cyclopentoxy-4-methoxyphenyl)-3-phenylpropannitril,
Methyl-3-(3-cyclopentoxy-4-methoxyphenyl)-3-phenylpropanoat,
3-(3-Ethoxy-4-methoxyphenyl)-3-phenylpropannitril,
Methyl-3-(3-ethoxy-4-methoxyphenyl)-3-phenylpropanoat,
3,3-Bis-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)propannitril,
3,3-Bis-(3-ethoxy-4-methoxyphenyl)propannitril,
3-(3,4-Dimethoxyphenyl)-3-phenylacrylnitril,
3-(3-Ethoxy-4-methoxyphenyl)-3-naphthylpropannitril,
3-(3,4-Dimethoxyphenyl)-3-phenylpropaimitril oder
3-(3,4-Dimethoxyphenyl)-3-(3-ethoxy-4-methoxyphenyl)propannitril
ist.
16. Verbindung nach Anspruch 9,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sie:
4-(3-Ethoxy-4-methoxyphenyl)-4-(4-pyridyl)butan-2-on;
4-(3-Cyclopentoxy-4-methoxyphenyl)-4-(4-pyridyl)butan-2-on;
Methyl-3 -(3-ethoxy-4-methoxyphenyl)-3-(4-pyridyl)propanoat;
3-(3-Ethoxy-4-methoxyphenyl)-3-(4-pyridyl)prop-2-ennitril;
3-(3-Ethoxy-4-methoxyphenyl)-3-(4-pyridyl)propannitril;
3-(3-Cyclopentoxy-4-methoxyphenyl)-3-(4-pyridyl)prop-2-ennitril;
3-(3-Cyclopentoxy-4-methoxyphenyl)-3-(4-pyridyl)propannitril;
4,4-Bis-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)butan-2-on;
4-(3,4-Dimethoxyphenyl)-4-(3-ethoxy-4-methoxyphenyl)butan-2-on;
4-(3,4-Dimethoxyphenyl)-4-(3-(cyclopentylidenmethyl)-4-methoxyphenyl)-butan-2-on;
3-(3,4-Dimethoxyphenyl)-3-(3-(cyclopentylidemnethyl)-4-methoxyphenyl)prop-2-ennitril;
3-(3-(Cyclopentylidenmethyl)-4-methoxyphenyl)-3-phenyl-prop-2-ermitril;
1-(3,4-Dimethoxyphenyl)-1-(3-ethoxy-4-methoxyphenyl)pentan-3-on;
1,1-Bis-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)pentan-3-on;
3-(3,4-Dimethoxyphenyl)-3-(3-(cyclopentylidenmethyl)-4-methoxyphenyl)prop-2-ennitril;
3-(3-(Cyclopentylidenmethyl)-4-methoxyphenyl)-3-phenyl-propannitril;
3,3 -Bis-(3 -(cyclopentylidenmmethyl)-4-methoxyphenyl)propannitril;
3,3-Bis-(3-(cyclopentylidenmethyl)-4-methoxypenyl)prop-2-ennitril;
3-(3-(Cyclopentylidenmethyl)-4-methoxyphenyl-3-phenyl)propanamid;
3,3-Bis-(3-(cyclopentylidenmethyl)-4-methoxyphenyl)propanamid;
3,3-Bis-(3-ethoxy-4-methoxyphenyl)propanamid;
3,3-Bis-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)propanamid;
3-(3,4-Dimethoxyphenyl)-3-(4-methoxy-3-exo-norbomyloxyphenyl)prop-2-ennitril;
3-(3,4-Dimethoxyphenyl)-3-(3,4-methylendioxyphenyl)prop-2-ennitril;
3-(4-Aminophenyl)-3-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)prop-2-ennitril oder
3-(4-Aminophenyl)-3-(3-ethoxy-4-dimethoxyphenyl)prop-2-ennitril
ist.
1. Composé de formule ;
où :
R2 est l'hydrogène, nitro, cyano, trifluorométhyle, carboéthoxy, carbométhoxy, carbopropoxy,
acétyle, carbamoyle, acétoxy, carboxyle, hydroxyle, amino, alkyle de 1 à 6 atomes
de carbone, alkylidèneméthyle de 1 à 6 atomes de carbone, alcoxy de 1 à 6 atomes de
carbone ou halogéno ; avec la condition que R1 est choisi dans un groupe consistant en alcoxy de 1 à 6 atomes de carbone, cycloalcoxy
de 3 à 10 atomes de carbone et cyclopentylidèneméthyle et R2 est alcoxy de 1 à 6 atomes de carbone ; ou bien R3 est phényle indépendamment substitué aux positions 3 et 4 par alcoxy de jusqu'à 10
atomes de carbone ou cycloalcoxy de jusqu'à 10 atomes de carbone ; et
R3 est (i) phényle substitué ou non substitué par un ou plusieurs substituants choisis
chacun indépendamment dans un groupe consistant en nitro, cyano, halogéno, trifluorométhyle,
carboéthoxy, carbométhoxy, carbopropoxy, acétyle, carbamoyle ou carbamoyle substitué
par alkyle de 1 à 3 atomes de carbone, acétoxy, carboxyle, hydroxyle, amino, amino
substitué par un alkyle de 1 à 5 atomes de carbone, alkyle de jusqu'à 10 atomes de
carbone, cydoalkyle de jusqu'à 10 atomes de carbone, alcoxy de jusqu'à 10 atomes de
carbone, cydoalcoxy de jusqu'à 10 atomes de carbone, alkylidèneméthyle de jusqu'à
10 atomes de carbone, cycloalkylidèneméthyle de jusqu'à 10 atomes de carbone, phényle
ou méthylènedioxy ; (ii) pyridine, pyridine substituée, 2- ou 3-pyrrolidène, imidazole,
naphtalène ou thiophène ; (iii) cycloalkyle de 4 à 10 atomes de carbone non substitué
ou substitué, nitro, cyano, halogéno, trifluorométhyle, carboéthoxy, carbométhoxy,
carbopropoxy, acétyle, carbamoyle, acétoxy, carboxyle, hydroxyle, amino, amino substitué,
alkyle de 1 à 10 atomes de carbone, alcoxy de 1 à 10 atomes de carbone, phényle ;
R4 et R5 sont chacun individuellement l'hydrogène ou bien R4 et R5 sont ensemble une liaison carbone-carbone ; où
Y est CN ;
R1 est R8, (CH2)nR8, OR8, CH=CHR8 ou CH=C(R10)2 avec la condition que R3 ne peut pas être phényle non substitué quand R1 est méthyle et R2 est hydroxyle ;
R8 est méthyle ou R9 ;
R9 est alkyle de 2 à 10 atomes de carbone, monocydoalkyle de 3 à 10 atomes de carbone,
polycycloalkyle de jusqu'à 10 atomes de carbone, benzocycloalkyle de jusqu'à 10 atomes
de carbone ;
les R10 forment avec l'atome de carbone auquel ils sont liés un groupe monocycloalkyle ou
bicycloalkyle de jusqu'à 10 atomes de carbone ;
n est 1 à 3 ;
ou bien, à titre d'alternative, quand R
4 et R
5 pris individuellement sont chacun l'hydrogène ;
Y est -CON(R6)2, -CO2H, -CO2R7 ;
R1 est R9, -(CH2)nR8, -OR9, -CH=CHR8 ou -CH=C(R10)2;
R6 est l'hydrogène ou alkyle de 1 à 6 atomes de carbone ;
R7 est alkyle de 1 à 6 atomes de carbone ou benzyle ; ou
Y est COR7 ;
R1 est -R8, (CH2)nR8, OR8, CH=CHR8 ou CH=C(R10)2, avec la condition que R1 et R2 ne peuvent pas être -OMe quand R3 est phényle hydroxy-substitué.
2. Composé selon la revendication 1 où Y est -CN ou COR7 ; R1 est R8, (CH2)nR8, OR8 ; R2 est l'hydrogène, nitro, cyano, trifluorométhyle, carboéthoxy, carbométhoxy, carbopropoxy,
acétyle, carbamoyle, acétoxy, carboxyle, hydroxyle, amino, alkyle de 1 à 6 atomes
de carbone, alcoxy de 1 à 6 atomes de carbone ou halogéno.
3. Composé selon la revendication 1, où Y est -CONR6R6, CO2H ou CO2R7 ; R1 est R9, (CH2)nR8, OR9 ; R2 est l'hydrogène, nitro, cyano, trifluorométhyle, carboéthoxy, carbométhoxy, carbopropoxy,
acétyle, carbamoyle, acétoxy, carboxyle, hydroxyle, amino, alkyle de 1 à 6 atomes
de carbone, alcoxy de 1 à 6 atomes de carbone ou halogéno.
4. Composé selon la revendication 1, où R3 est (i) phényle ou naphtalène, substitué ou non substitué par un ou plusieurs substituants
choisis chacun indépendamment dans un groupe consistant en nitro, cyano, halogéno,
trifluorométhyle, carboéthoxy, carbométhoxy, carbopropoxy, acétyle, carbamoyle ou
carbamoyle substitué par alkyle de 1 à 3 atomes de carbone, acétoxy, carboxyle, hydroxyle,
amino, amino substitué par un alkyle de 1 à 5 atomes de carbone, alkyle de jusqu'à
10 atomes de carbone, cycloalkyle de jusqu'à 10 atomes de carbone, alcoxy de jusqu'à
10 atomes de carbone, cydoalcoxy de jusqu'à 10 atomes de carbone, alkylidèneméthyle
de jusqu'à 10 atomes de carbone; cydoalkylldèneméthyle de jusqu'à 10 atomes de carbone,
phényle ou méthylènedioxy ; ou (ii) cycloalkyle de 4 à 10 atomes de carbone non substitué
ou substitué, nitro, cyano, halogéno, trifluorométhyle, carboéthoxy, carbométhoxy,
carbopropoxy, acétyle, carbamoyle, acétoxy, carboxyle, hydroxyle, amino, amino substitué,
alkyle de 1 à 10 atomes de carbone, alcoxy de 1 à 10 atomes de carbone, phényle.
5. Composé selon la revendication 1 qui est un nitrile ou une cétone de formule :
ou
Y est -CN ou -COR7,
R1 est R8, (CH2)nR8, OR8, CH=CHR8 ou CH=C(R10)2 ;
R2 est l'hydrogène, nitro, cyano, trifluorométhyle, carboéthoxy, carbométhoxy, carbopropoxy,
acétyle, carbamoyte, acétoxy, carboxyle, hydroxyle, amino, alkyle de 1 à 6 atomes
de carbone, alcoxy de 1 à 6 atomes de carbone ou halogéno;
R8 est méthyle ou R9 ;
R9 est alkyle de 2 à 10 atomes de carbone, monocydoalkyle de 3 à 10 atomes de carbone,
polycycloalkyle de jusqu'à 10 atomes de carbone, benzocycloalkyle de jusqu'à 10 atomes
de carbone ;
les R10 forment avec l'atome de carbone auquel ils sont liés un groupe monocycloalkyle.
6. Composé selon la revendication 1, qui est un acide, ester ou amide carboxylique de
formule :
où :
Y est -CO(NR6)2, -CO2H, -CO2R7 ;
R1 est R9, (CH2)nR8, OR9, CH=CHR8 ou CH=C(R10)2;
R6 est l'hydrogène ou alkyle de 1 à 6 atomes de carbone ;
R7 est alkyle de 1 à 6 atomes de carbone ou benzyle ;
R8 est méthyle ou R9 ;
R9 est alkyle de 2 à 10 atomes de carbone, monocydoalkyle de 3 à 10 atomes de carbone,
polycydoalkyle de jusqu'à 10 atomes de carbone, benzocycloalkyle de jusqu'à 10 atomes
de carbone ;
les R10 forment avec l'atome de carbone auquel ils sont liés un groupe monocycloalkyle ou
bicydoalkyle ; ou
n est 1 à 3.
7. Composé selon la revendication 1 qui est :
le 3,3-bis-(3,4-diméthoxyphényl)acrylonitrile,
le 3,3-bis-(3-éthoxy-4-méthoxyphényl)acrylonitrile,
le 3-(3-propoxy-4-méthoxyphényl)-3-phénylacrylonitrile,
le 3-(3-éthoxy-4-méthoxyphényl)-3-phénylacrylonitrile,
le 3,3-bis-(3-cyclopentoxy-4-méthoxyphényl)acrylonitrile,
le 3-(3-cyclopentoxy-4-méthoxyphényl)-3-phénylacrylonitrile,
le 3-(3-cyclopentoxy-4-méthoxyphényl)-3-phénylpropanenitrile,
le 3-(3-cyclopentoxy-4-méthoxyphényl)-3-phénylpropanoate de méthyle,
le 3-(3-éthoxy-4-méthoxyphényl)-3-phénylpropanenitrile,
le 3-(3-éthoxy-4-méthoxyphényl)-3-phénylpropanoate de méthyle,
le 3,3-bis-(3,4-diméthoxyphényl)propanenitrile,
le 3,3-bis-(3-éthoxy-4-méthoxyphényl)propanenitrile,
le 3-(3,4-diméthoxyphényl)-3-phénylacrylonitrile,
le 3-(3-éthoxy-4-méthoxyphényl)-3-naphtylpropanenitrile,
le 3-(3,4-diméthoxyphényl)-3-phényipropanenitrile, ou
le 3-(3,4-diméthoxyphényl)-3-(3-éthoxy-4-méthoxyphényl)propanenitrile.
8. Composé selon la revendication 1, qui est :
la 4-(3-éthoxy-4-méthoxyphényl)-4-(4-pyridyl)butan-2-one ;
la 4-(3-cyclopentoxy-4-méthoxyphényl)-4-(4-pyridyl)butan-2-one ;
le 3-(3-éthoxy-4-méthoxyphényl)-3-(4-pyridyl)propanoate de méthyle ;
le 3-(3-éthoxy-4-méthoxyphényl)-3-(4-pyridyl)prop-2-ènenitrile;
le 3-(3-éthoxy-4-méthoxyphényl)-3-(4-pyridyl)propanenitrile ;
le 3-(3-cyclopentoxy-4-méthoxyphényl)-3-(4-pyridyl)prop-2-ènenitrite ;
le 3-(3-cyclopentoxy-4-méthoxyphényl)-3-(4-pyridyl)propanenitrile ;
la 4,4-bis-(3,4-diméthoxyphényl)butan-2-one ;
la 4-(3,4-diméthoxyphényl)-4-(3-éthoxy-4-méthoxyphényl)butan-2-one ;
la 4-(3,4-diméthoxyphényl)-4-(3-(cyclopentylidèneméthyl)-4-méthoxyphényl)butan-2-one
;
le 3-(3,4-diméthoxyphényl)-3-(3-(cyclopentylidèneméthyl)-4-méthoxyphényl)prop-2-ènenitrile
;
le 3-(3-(cyclopentylidèneméthyl)-4-méthoxyphényl)-3-phényl-prop-2-ènenitrile ;
la 1-(3,4-diméthoxyphényl)-1-(3-éthoxy-4-méthoxyphényl)pentan-3-one ;
la 1,1-bis-(3,4-diméthoxyphényl)pentan-3-one ;
le 3-(3,4-diméthoxyphényl)-3-(3-(cyclopentylidèneméthyl)-4-méthoxyphényl)prop-2-ènenitrile
;
le 3-(3-(cyclopentylidèneméthyl)-4-méthoxyphényl)-3-phénylpropanenitrile ;
le 3,3-bis-(3-(cyclopentylidèneméthyl)-4-méthoxyphényl)propanenitrile ;
le 3,3-bis-(3-(cyclopentylidèneméthyl)-4-méthoxyphényl)prop-2-ènenitrile ;
le 3-(3-(cydopentylidèneméthyl)-4-méthoxyphényl-3-phényl)propanamide ;
le 3,3-bis-(3-(cyclopentylidèneméthyl)-4-méthoxyphényl)propanamide ;
le 3,3-bis-(3-éthoxy-4-méthoxyphényl)propanamide ;
le 3,3-bis-(3,4-diméthoxyphényl)propanamide ;
le 3-(3,4-diméthoxyphényl)-3-(4-méthoxy-3-exo-norbornyloxyphényl)prop-2-ènenitrile
;
le 3-(3,4-diméthoxyphényl)-3-(3,4-méthylènedioxyphényl)prop-2-ènenitrile ;
le 3-(4-aminophényl)-3-(3,4-diméthoxyphényl)prop-2-ènenitrile ; ou
le 3-(4-aminophényl)-3-(3-éthoxy-4-diméthoxyphényl)prop-2-ènenitrile.
9. Composé destiné à être utilisé comme agent immunothérapeutique pour la réduction des
niveaux de cytokines et précurseurs de formule :
où:
R2 est l'hydrogène, nitro, cyano, trifluorométhyle, carboéthoxy, carbométhoxy, carbopropoxy,
acétyle, carbamoyle, acétoxy, carboxyle, hydroxyle, amino, alkyle de 1 à 6 atomes
de carbone, alkylidèneméthyle de 1 à 6 atomes de carbone, alcoxy de 1 à 6 atomes de
carbone ou halogéno ; avec la condition que R1 est choisi dans un groupe consistant en alcoxy de 1 à 6 atomes de carbone, cycloalcoxy
de 3 à 10 atomes de carbone et cyclopentylidèneméthyle et R2 est alcoxy de 1 à 6 atomes de carbone ; ou bien R3 est phényle indépendamment substitué aux positions 3 et 4 par alcoxy de jusqu'à 10
atomes de carbone ou cycloalcoxy de jusqu'à 10 atomes de carbone ; et
R3 est (i) phényle substitué ou non substitué par un ou plusieurs substituants choisis
chacun indépendamment dans un groupe consistant en nitro, cyano, halogéno, trifluorométhyle,
carboéthoxy, carbométhoxy, carbopropoxy, acétyle, carbamoyle ou carbamoyle substitué
par alkyle de 1 à 3 atomes de carbone, acétoxy, carboxyle, hydroxyle, amino, amino
substitué par un alkyle de 1 à 5 atomes de carbone, alkyle de jusqu'à 10 atomes de
carbone, cycloalkyle de jusqu'à 10 atomes de carbone, alcoxy de jusqu'à 10 atomes
de carbone, cydoalcoxy de jusqu'à 10 atomes de carbone, alkylidèneméthyle de jusqu'à
10 atomes de carbone, cycloalkylidèneméthyle de jusqu'à 10 atomes de carbone, phényle
ou méthylènedioxy ; (ii) pyridine, pyridine substituée, 2- ou 3-pyrrolidène, imidazole,
naphtalène ou thiophène ; (iii) cycloalkyle de 4 à 10 atomes de carbone non substitué
ou substitué, nitro, cyano, halogéno, trifluorométhyle, carboéthoxy, carbométhoxy,
carbopropoxy, acétyle, carbamoyle, acétoxy, carboxyle, hydroxyte, amino, amino substitué,
alkyle de 1 à 10 atomes de carbone, alcoxy de 1 à 10 atomes de carbone, phényle ;
R4 et R5 sont chacun individuellement l'hydrogène ou bien R4 et R5 sont ensemble une liaison carbone-carbone ; où
Y est CN ;
R1 est R8, (CH2)nR8, OR8, CH=CHR8 ou CH=C(R10)2 avec la condition que R3 ne peut pas être phényle non substitué quand R1 est méthyle et R2 est hydroxyle ;
R8 est méthyle ou R9 ;
R9 est alkyle de 2 à 10 atomes de carbone, monocydoalkyle de 3 à 10 atomes de carbone,
polycydoelkyle de jusqu'à 10 atomes de carbone, benzocycloalkyle de jusqu'à 10 atomes
de carbone ;
les R10 forment avec l'atome de carbone auquel ils sont liés un groupe monocycloalkyle ou
bicycloalkyle de jusqu'à 10 atomes de carbone ;
n est 1 à 3 ;
ou bien, à titre d'alternative, quand R
4 et R
5 pris individuellement sont chacun l'hydrogène ;
Y est -CON(R6)2, -CO2H, -CO2R7 ;
R1 est R9, -(CH2)nR8, -OR9, -CH=CHR8 ou -CH=C(R10)2 ;
R6 est l'hydrogène ou alkyle de 1 à 6 atomes de carbone ;
R7 est alkyle de 1 à 6 atomes de carbone ou benzyle ; ou
Y est COR7 ;
R1 est -R8, (CH2)nR8, OR8, CH=CHR8 ou CH=C(R10)2, avec la condition que R1 et R2 ne peuvent pas être -OMe quand R3 est phényle hydroxy-substitué.
10. Composé selon la revendication 9, où Y est -CN ou COR7 ; R1 est R8, (CH2)nR8, OR8 ; R2 est l'hydrogène, nitro, cyano, trifluorométhyle, carboéthoxy, carbométhoxy, carbopropoxy,
acétyle, carbamoyle, acétoxy, carboxyle, hydroxyle, amino, alkyle de 1 à 6 atomes
de carbone, alcoxy de 1 à 6 atomes de carbone ou halogéno.
11. Composé selon la revendication 9, où Y est -CONR6R6, CO2H ou CO2R7 ; R1 est R9, (CH2)nR8, OR9 ; R2 est l'hydrogène, nitro, cyano, trifluorométhyle, carboéthoxy, carbométhoxy, carbopropoxy,
acétyle, carbamoyle, acétoxy, carboxyle, hydroxyle, amino, alkyle de 1 à 6 atomes
de carbone, alcoxy de 1 à 6 atomes de carbone ou halogéno.
12. Composé selon la revendication 9, où R3 est (i) phényle ou naphtalène, substitué ou non substitué par un ou plusieurs substituants
choisis chacun indépendamment dans un groupe consistant en nitro, cyano, halogéno,
trifluorométhyle, carboéthoxy, carbométhoxy, carbopropoxy, acétyle, carbamoyle ou
carbamoyle substitué par alkyle de 1 à 3 atomes de carbone, acétoxy, carboxyle, hydroxyle,
amino, amino substitué par un alkyle de 1 à 5 atomes de carbone, alkyle de jusqu'à
10 atomes de carbone, cycloalkyle de jusqu'à 10 atomes de carbone, alcoxy de jusqu'à
10 atomes de carbone, cycloalcoxy de jusqu'à 10 atomes de carbone, alkylidèneméthyle
de jusqu'à 10 atomes de carbone, cycloalkylidèneméthyle de jusqu'à 10 atomes de carbone,
phényle ou méthylènedioxy ; ou (il) cycloelkyle de 4 à 10 atomes de carbone non substitué
ou substitué, nitro, cyano, halogéno, trifluorométhyle, carboéthoxy, carbométhoxy,
carbopropoxy, acétyle, carbamoyle, acétoxy, carboxyle, hydroxyle, amino, amino substitué,
alkyle de 1 à 10 atomes de carbone, alcoxy de 1 à 10 atomes de carbone, phényle.
13. Composé selon la revendication 9, qui est un nitrile ou une cétone de formule :
ou
Y est -CN ou -COR7,
R1 est R8, (CH2)nR8, OR8, CH=CHR8 ou CH=C(R10)2 ;
R2 est l'hydrogène, nitro, cyano, trifluorométhyle, carboéthoxy, carbométhoxy, carbopropoxy,
acétyle, carbamoyle, acétoxy, carboxyle, hydroxyle, amino, alkyle de 1 à 6 atomes
de carbone, alcoxy de 1 à 6 atomes de carbone ou halogéno ;
R8 est méthyle ou R9 ;
R9 est alkyle de 2 à 10 atomes de carbone, monocycloalkyle de 3 à 10 atomes de carbone,
polycycloalkyle de jusqu'à 10 atomes de carbone, benzocycloalkyle de jusqu'à 10 atomes
de carbone ;
les R10 forment avec l'atome de carbone auquel ils sont liés un groupe monocycloalkyle.
14. Composé selon la revendication 9, qui est un acide, ester ou amide carboxylique de
formule :
où :
Y est -CO(NR6)2, -CO2H, -CO2R7 ;
R1 est R9, (CH2)nR8, OR9, CH=CHR8 ou CH=C(R10)2 ;
R6 est l'hydrogène ou alkyle de 1 à 6 atomes de carbone ;
R7 est alkyle de 1 à 6 atomes de carbone ou benzyle ;
R8 est méthyle ou R9 ;
R9 est alkyle de 2 à 10 atomes de carbone, monocycloalkyle de 3 à 10 atomes de carbone,
polycycloalkyle de jusqu'à 10 atomes de carbone, benzocycloalkyle de jusqu'à 10 atomes
de carbone ;
les R10 forment avec l'atome de carbone auquel ils sont liés un groupe monocycloalkyle ou
bicycloalkyle ; ou
n est 1 à 3.
15. Composé selon la revendication 9, qui est :
le 3,3-bis-(3,4-diméthoxyphényl)acrylonitrile,
le 3,3-bis-(3-éthoxy-4-méthoxyphényl)acrylonitrile,
le 3-(3-propoxy-4-méthoxyphényl)-3-phénylacrylonitrile,
le 3-(3-éthoxy-4-méthoxyphényl)-3-phénylacrylonitrile,
le 3,3-bis-(3-cyclopentoxy-4-méthoxyphényl)acrylonitrile,
le 3-(3-cyctopentoxy-4-méthoxyphényl)-3-phénylacrylonitrile,
le 3-(3-cyclopentoxy-4-méthoxyphényl)-3-phénylpropanenitrile,
le 3-(3-cyclopentoxy-4-méthoxyphényl)-3-phénylpropanoate de méthyle,
le 3-(3-éthoxy-4-méthoxyphényl)-3-phénylpropanenitrile,
le 3-(3-éthoxy-4-méthoxyphényl)-3-phénylpropanoate de méthyle,
le 3,3-bis-(3,4-diméthoxyphényl)propanenitrile,
le 3,3-bis-(3-éthoxy-4-méthoxyphényl)propanenitrile,
le 3-(3,4-diméthoxyphényl)-3-phénylacrylonitrile,
le 3-(3-éthoxy-4-méthoxyphényl)-3-naphtylpropanenitrile,
le 3-(3,4-diméthoxyphényl)-3-phénylpropanenitrile, ou
le 3-(3,4-diméthoxyphényl)-3-(3-éthoxy-4-méthoxyphényl)propanenitrile.
16. Composé selon la revendication 9, qui est :
la 4-(3-éthoxy-4-méthoxyphényl)-4-(4-pyridyl)butan-2-one ;
la 4-(3-cyclopentoxy-4-méthoxyphényl)-4-(4-pyridyl)butan-2-one ;
le 3-(3-éthoxy-4-méthoxyphényl)-3-(4-pyridyl)propanoate de méthyle ;
le 3-(3-éthoxy-4-méthoxyphényl)-3-(4-pyridyl)prop-2-ènenitrile ;
le 3-(3-éthoxy-4-méthoxyphényl)-3-(4-pyridyl)propanenltrile ;
le 3-(3-cyclopentoxy-4-méthoxyphényl)-3-(4-pyridyl)prop-2-ènenitrile ;
le 3-(3-cyclopentoxy-4-méthoxyphényl)-3-(4-pyridyl)propanenitrile ;
la 4,4-bis-(3,4-diméthoxyphényl)butan-2-one ;
la 4-(3,4-diméthoxyphényl)-4-(3-éthoxy-4-méthoxyphényl)butan-2-one ;
la 4-(3,4-diméthoxyphényl)-4-(3-(cyclopentylidèneméthyl)-4-méthoxyphényl)butan-2-one
;
le 3-(3,4-diméthoxyphényl)-3-(3-(cyclopentylidèneméthyl)-4-méthoxyphényl)prop-2-ènenitrile
;
le 3-(3-(cyclopentylidèneméthyl)-4-méthoxyphényl)-3-phényl-prop-2-ènenitrile ;
la 1-(3,4-diméthoxyphényl)-1-(3-éthoxy-4-méthoxyphényl)pentan-3-one ;
la 1,1-bis-(3,4-diméthoxyphényl)pentan-3-one ;
le 3-(3,4-diméthoxyphényl)-3-(3-(cyclopentylidèneméthyl)-4-méthoxyphényl)prop-2-ènenitrile
;
le 3-(3-(cyclopentylidèneméthyl)-4-méthoxyphényl)-3-phénylpropanenitrile ;
le 3,3-bis-(3-(cyclopentylidèneméthyl)-4-méthoxyphényl)propanenitrile ;
le 3,3-bis-(3-(cyclopentylidèneméthyl)-4-méthoxyphényl)prop-2-ènenitrile ;
le 3-(3-(cydopentylidèneméthyl)-4-méthoxyphényl-3-phényl)propanamide ;
le 3,3-bis-(3-(cyclopentylidèneméthyl)-4-méthoxyphényl)propanamide ;
le 3,3-bis-(3-éthoxy-4-méthoxyphényl)propanamide ;
le 3,3-bis-(3,4-diméthoxyphényl)propanamide ;
le 3-(3,4-dlméthoxyphényl)-3-(4-méthoxy-3-exo-norbornyloxyphényl)prop-2-ènenitrile
;
le 3-(3,4-diméthoxyphényl)-3-(3,4-méthylènedioxyphényl)prop-2-ènenitrile ;
le 3-(4-aminophényl)-3-(3,4-diméthoxyphényl)prop-2-ènenitrile ; ou
le 3-(4-aminophényl)-3-(3-éthoxy-4-diméthoxyphényl)prop-2-ènenitrile.