[0001] The present invention relates to a demountable modular floor for watertight raised
decks. More particularly, this invention relates to a floor structure consisting of
a plurality of modularly assemblable composite slabs made of steel sheet and concrete
provided with a drainage system for collecting and conveying the rainwater between
the slabs. Such floor structure allows a rapid setting up of the raised deck and,
at the same time, it affords the total dismantling thereof and prevents any seepage
or leakage of water towards the underlying area.
[0002] As it is known, constructions of one or more raised floors or decks suited to be
set up in a short time and with restricted economic resources are becoming quite interesting
particularly for building more or less temporary parking lots, as an alternative to
conventional multistorey underground and/or raised car park constructions. If it is
desired to maximise the advantages offered by such structures, however, it is necessary
that the assembling times and costs be really competitive, without any negative impact
on the quality and duration of the resulting work.
[0003] A structure that allows the above objects to be achieved is disclosed in the European
patent No. 0364414, owned by the instant Applicant. Such patent concerns a modular
system that can be easily assembled for setting up in extremely short times a raised
floor to be used as a parking place for cars, and that can also be disassembled and
recovered for reutilisation, for instance in a different location. The structure substantially
consists of modular units each of which comprises a rectangular or square composite
floor element, surrounded by four edge beams and held up at its corners by four vertical
supporting elements or pillars that bear said edge beams through corresponding node
elements or capitals, special bases for resting on the ground being provided under
said vertical supporting elements, while a system of ties and/or struts transversely
strengthens the structure.
[0004] Each of said vertical supporting elements ends, at a level corresponding to the base,
in a threaded joint suited to enable the total length of the vertical element to be
adjusted. Said base also comprises a hinge device, particularly consisting of a spherical
joint, enabling the base plate to lie down according to the slope of the ground surface,
while the overlying supporting element may take a perfectly vertical position. This
double adjustment system makes it possible to install the modular structure also on
not previously levelled, uneven grounds, and with no need to provide any foundation
works. Thus, the concerned structure is set up by assembling the modular units beside
one another, with adjacent modules sharing in turn the relevant beams and supporting
elements, so as to obtain a raised deck suitable for use as a parking lot, taking
any desired shape and size.
[0005] In the illustrative embodiments disclosed in the European patent No. 0364414, the
modular slabs of the floor are made of a double layer consisting of a corrugated steel
sheet of suitable thickness as the load-bearing component, covered by a panel of light
and strong material as the paving component, preferably made of suitably treated ply-wood.
This approach is proposed in order to allow the use of light elements, to be assembled
on the same site where the parking structure is to be built, such elements involving
relatively reduced transportation costs and being easily moved within the building
yard, by hand or by small lifting trucks.
[0006] In the practical construction of modular parking lots according to the above patent
provided with composite floors of corrugated steel sheet and wood (preferably birch
ply-wood, treated with synthetic resins for waterproofing purposes), the wood panel
is connected to the underlying steel sheet by means of metal channel sections with
a omega(Ω)-shaped cross-section, that are mounted along the edges of two adjacent
panels. The omega-shaped channels are perforated in the groove portion of the section
in order to enable their connection to the underlying corrugated steel sheet by means
of bolts. The corrugated steel sheet, in turn, is correspondingly perforated along
the contact area with the omega-shaped section. This method of mounting the wood panels
(aimed, as it is apparent, at assuring the full demountability of the composite floor
slabs) results in avoiding any need to perforate the treated wood panel, but, on the
other hand, it necessarily involves the perforation of the load-bearing corrugated
steel sheet on the building yard.
[0007] The corrugated steel sheet is also utilised, in the above-mentioned embodiments,
to collect the rainwater under the said wood panel. As the floor is laid slightly
slanting by acting on the length of the adjustable pillars of the structure, the water
can be conveyed, flowing in the channels of the corrugated sheet, toward one or more
peripheral edges of the raised deck, to be collected in edge eaves having conduits
branching therefrom for drainage on the ground.
[0008] The embodiment with composite floor made of corrugated steel sheet and wood is especially
advantageous in view of the relative ease of transportation of the construction components,
which allows not to increase too much the construction costs in case of installations
in sites very far from the factory or only reachable by sea. Furthermore, such approach
has been found to be effective in respect of the modular versatility, that results
from the possibility of easily cutting the floor component on the building yard in
order to accommodate any size variation of the structural module. Actually, it should
be noted that the concerned structure, although being commercially proposed with a
standard modularity, should also be such as to meet the various requirements that
can be put forward in particular cases. By way of example, the modular structure should
be adapted to fulfil the various national rules in respect of the standard size of
the vehicle parking stalls or of the roadway width for manoeuvring the vehicles.
[0009] In spite of the above advantages, however, the floor slab made of metal sheet and
wood panels has the drawback of not affording a long durability of the parking surface,
firstly, in view of the need to perforate the steel sheet for connecting it with the
metal sections holding the wood panels in place. The perforation makes the steel sheet
subject to corrosion and, as said operation is necessarily carried out during the
assembling stage, it is not possible to perform a new galvanisation process on the
metal sheet after perforation. The corrosive attack is remarkably enhanced not only
by the rainwater that is collected within the corrugated steel sheet, but also by
the condensate forming in a conspicuous amount in the contact area between the steel
sheet and the panel. Secondly, the durability of the floor is strongly jeopardised
by the scarce wear resistance of the wooden paving surface, notwithstanding any previous
treatment of such surface. In strict dependence on the overall utilisation of the
parking structure and on their location in the paving area, the wood panels are subject
to such a wear deterioration as to make it often necessary to substitute the damaged
ones, especially on the aisles and on the manoeuvring areas.
[0010] A further critical element is due to the fact that the wood panel mounted on the
corrugated metal sheet makes the floor highly noisy at the passage of the vehicles
thereupon, because the coupling of the two above elements together acts as a resonance
box.
[0011] A second approach considered for producing the floor of the structure according to
the European patent No. 0364414 involves the use of single precast elements of reinforced
concrete, to be manufactured in factory and to be installed in nearly finished condition.
In this case, the reinforced concrete slabs or plates forming the modular units of
the floor are cast in suitably shaped metal formworks. Holes and further engagement
means are provided in the moulding in order to enable the resulting piece to be removed
from the metal formwork upon setting, as well as for transportation and installation
purposes.
[0012] The concerned concrete slabs are mounted on the bearing structures of the modular
parking structure without any casting on the installation site, so as to afford a
complete reutilisation of the materials when the parking structure is to be disassembled
and transferred. Any connection between the elements, therefore, should not be permanent
and, at the same time, it should enable the rainwater to be collected and to flow
down without causing any leakage on the underlying area. To this aim, water collecting
gutters and eaves are provided between the slabs, covered by an upper metal grid and
extending in a first one of the two directions of the lattice formed by the floor
slabs arranged side by side. In the direction orthogonal to the first one, conversely,
a joint between adjacent slabs is provided by means of complementary steps having
a sealing gasket interposed therebetween. Further, in order to improve the sealing
effect, the vertical slit between two adjacent slabs is filled with an easily removable
sealing material.
[0013] The proposed system eliminates the main drawbacks of the first floor system described
above, firstly because the thickness and the compactness of the concrete panel actually
eliminate the noisiness problem. Secondly, any wear of the paving surface, made of
a cement-based material, is noticeably reduced, also by virtue of a layer of resin
or of a bituminous conglomerate which is laid upon the concrete to protect it both
from wear due to running vehicles and from the rainwater.
[0014] However, the floor structure made of precast reinforced concrete is not free from
other drawbacks. Among these, particularly critical have been found to be the cost
of transporting the slabs from the manufacturing site, the extension of the overall
construction time of the parking structure or, conversely, the immobilisation of the
precast products on the manufacturing site and/or the need to have a high number of
metal formworks available. Actually, the transportation of precast reinforced concrete
slabs of suitable size for them to be utilised as modular elements of raised decks
of rapidly assemblable parking structures is quite expensive: normally, no more than
twelve elements can be loaded in each container, with resulting multiplication of
the transport runs as well as of the costs connected with the installation of such
structures far away from the manufacturing site.
[0015] As far as the precasting problems are concerned, it is apparent that, in order to
fulfil in a short time the production request for a work having the size of a parking
lot, it is necessary to have a large number of formworks available for simultaneous
utilisation, this requiring a large working surface available on the production site
and, in addition, a remarkable capital investment for producing the formworks. On
the other hand, having recourse to any advanced production of the workpieces necessarily
requires a large storage area and a remarkable capital immobilisation, in addition
to raising the problem of production flexibility in respect of any "non standard"
size of the requested slabs.
[0016] As far as the latter problem is concerned, it should be noted that not only the size
of the requested modular elements is subject to variations due to the foregoing reasons,
but, in addition, a further variable aspect is introduced by the possibility of coating
the concrete slab with either a layer of bituminous material or a thin film of protective
resin. Since, for obvious reasons of wear resistance, the concrete slab is provided
with a peripheral, built-in metal section, it is necessary to foresee in the precast
production a top layer not filled with concrete having a thickness variable according
to the circumstances.
[0017] A further drawback of the concrete modular floor described above has been found to
be the unsatisfactory tightness of the junction between adjacent slabs as realised
by a step joint with interposed sealing gasket. Actually, in this case the sealing
of the step joint is effected after assembling the concrete panels and, as a joint
of noticeable linear extension is involved, the possibility of defects and leakage
is not negligible. Even if a final check of the tightness is performed by means of
an "artificial flooding" upon installation, the possibility of settlement of the metal
structure during the first period following installation - also due to the passage
of the first vehicles - does not offer any guarantee against possible seepage or leakage
of water, that should be individually located and eliminated as they arise.
[0018] In view of the foregoing, it is an object of the present invention to provide a modular
platform structure for raised decks suitable for bearing the load, in particular,
of a vehicle parking lot, which structure can be easily and rapidly assembled when
installing the work and can be equally easily disassembled, is reusable, durable and
not subject to undue deterioration in use. In addition, such structure should allow
to keep the transportation cost to a minimum when setting up the work and, although
being readily demountable, should prevent any seepage or leakage of water towards
the underlying area. Furthermore, the floor structure should allow a sufficient flexibility
to be achieved with respect to the module size and to the type of final coating of
the paving surface.
[0019] To achieve such purpose, this invention takes advantage of the conventional technology
of construction of continuous load-bearing floors made of corrugated metal sheet filled
with a layer of - usually reinforced - concrete, cast on the corrugated metal sheet.
The latter acts both as a confining surface for the fluid concrete and as a component
element of the final composite structure. According to the invention, each of the
modular slab elements making up the raised deck can be directly and rapidly produced
on the installation site by arranging a steel "box" with a bottom of corrugated metal
sheet and four walls formed by suitable metal sections (that, as such, are easily
transportable and have adjustable dimensions) and by casting the concrete in such
metal "box" directly on the final location of the floor slab. In addition, according
to this invention, the connections between the various slab elements forming the raised
deck are not provided by sealing means aimed at preventing water from passing therethrough,
but, on the contrary, they are entirely provided, on all sides of the slabs, by conveying
means arranged for collecting such water - rather than attempting to stop it - and
for conveying it to the relevant drains.
[0020] Accordingly, the present invention specifically provides a demountable modular floor
for raised decks consisting of modular quadrilateral units, each of which comprising:
- a composite floor slab with a bottom element made of corrugated metal sheet consisting
of one or more pieces, according to the size surrounded by four metal sections forming
the side walls of said slab, and a layer of concrete cast on said bottom element of
corrugated metal sheet and confined by said side walls, said metal sections forming
said side walls having a cross-section substantially in the shape of a Z or of an
S with square loops, and
- four segments, two main and two secondary, of upwardly open gutters, peripherally
arranged around said composite floor slab and adjacent to said side wall sections,
housed in the channels defined by pairs of side wall sections belonging to adjacent
composite floor slabs.
[0021] Preferably, the upper, substantially horizontal, side of each of said Z-shaped or
square loop S-shaped side wall sections is prolonged by a fin that is bent downwards
and overhangs the respective gutter, so as to act as a drip. Such an arrangement allows
the water flowing on the horizontal upper side of said side wall sections to vertically
drop in the collecting gutter placed therebelow, rather than adhering to and flowing
on the section extrados.
[0022] According to a preferred embodiment of this invention, the side wall sections of
the composite slab that are parallel to the fold lines of said corrugated metal sheet
of the bottom element have a substantially Z-shaped cross-section and the corresponding
gutter segments are interposed between the vertical external sides of two of said
Z-shaped side wall sections belonging to adjacent composite floor slabs. Again according
to a preferred embodiment, the side wall sections that are orthogonal to the fold
lines of said corrugated metal sheet have a substantially S-shaped cross-section with
square loops, and the corresponding gutters are laid upon the intermediate, substantially
horizontal, sides of two of said square loop S-shaped side wall sections belonging
to adjacent composite floor slabs.
[0023] Further structural and functional features of the modular floor according to the
invention are specified in the further dependent claims. According to another aspect
thereof, this invention further provides, in addition to the final floor structure
that can be realised by exploiting the above criteria, the set of elements that are
assembled on the work site for building the raised deck, to be completed by simply
casting concrete and subsequently applying a protective coating thereon. Therefore,
the present invention also specifically provides a set of elements assemblable on
the work site for setting up demountable modular floors for raised decks consisting
of quadrilateral modular units, which set of elements comprises:
- for each of said modular units, a quadrilateral element made of corrugated metal sheet
consisting of one or more pieces, according to the size and four metal sections each
having a length corresponding to one side of said corrugated metal sheet element,
said metal sections having a cross-section substantially in the shape of a Z or of
an S with square loops, each of said metal sections being suited to be coupled to
a corresponding side of said corrugated metal sheet element;
- two segments of main upwardly open gutters, suited to extend along one or more of
said modular units and to be housed in the channels defined by pairs of metal sections
belonging to adjacent modular units; and
- two segments of secondary upwardly open gutters, each having a length corresponding
to one modular unit, suited to be housed in the channels defined by pairs of metal
sections belonging to adjacent modular units.
[0024] It will be apparent that, even if it can be advantageously transported as separate
component elements and assembled for casting concrete directly on the work site, the
system of this invention can also be utilised, according to any specific requirements,
for manufacturing the composite floor slabs away from the installation site, e.g.,
directly in the factory or in a suitable area within the building yard.
[0025] Also as regards the assemblable system, the additional structural features of this
invention are recited in the dependant claims. The said features, as well as the advantages
of the invention, will be clearer with reference to a specific embodiment thereof,
which is shown by way of example only in the accompanying drawings, wherein:
Figure 1 is a partial perspective view of an embodiment of the demountable modular
floor according to this invention, partially devoid of the concrete moulding;
Figures 2 and 3 are two vertical cross-sectional views of a portion of the floor of
Figure 1, after the concrete casting and the final coating, respectively taken along
a plane orthogonal to the fold lines of the corrugated metal sheet and along a plane
parallel to said lines;
Figure 4 is a perspective partial view of two angularly coupled side wall sections
of the floor of Figure 1, as they can be seen from inside; and
Figure 5 is a perspective partial view of the same two side wall sections of Figure
4, as they can be seen from outside.
[0026] As it is shown in Figures 1-3, the demountable modular floor according to this invention
is made up by a plurality of quadrilateral composite floor slabs, arranged side-by-side,
the bottom of which consists of elements (1) of corrugated metal sheet (directly visible
in Figure 1, that partially shows the structure before concrete casting), and the
side walls of which are made up by four metal sections (2, 3) forming two couples
of different shape. In particular, two substantially Z-shaped sections (2) (better
illustrated in Figure 2) are arranged at the edges of the corrugated metal sheet bottom
elements (1) along the sides of the slab parallel to the fold lines of said metal
sheet, while two substantially S-shaped sections (3), the cross-section of which is
in the shape of an S with square loops, (better illustrated in Figure 3) are provided
along the two orthogonal sides. The metal "boxes" formed by the bottom element (1)
of corrugated metal sheet and by said side wall sections (2, 3) are preferably assembled
at the level of the raised deck, by directly overlaying them on the horizontal network
of the beams (4, 5) of said modular structure. In the case shown, as it can be observed
in Figures 3 and 2, the square loop S-shaped sections (3) are directly laid upon the
upper wings of the corresponding beam (5). The Z-shaped sections (2) are laid with
their ends on the same beam (5) (besides any other intermediate supporting points),
since the upper wing of the beam (4) parallel to said Z-shaped sections (2) is taken
up by the main gutter (6) provided for water collection.
[0027] Actually, the shape and the relative locations of two Z-shaped side wall sections
(2) belonging to two adjacent floor slabs are such that a room is left therebetween
for housing the main gutters (6). The latter extend in parallel direction with respect
to the fold lines of the corrugated metal sheet of the bottom element (1) and are
to be directly laid upon the wings of the corresponding beams (4) in order to be positioned
at a minimum level for collecting the water. As it is shown in Figure 1, said main
gutters (6) can be extended without interruptions along multiple modular units. On
the other hand, the square loop S-shaped side wall sections (3) have a shape and relative
locations such as to enable the secondary gutters (7) to be positioned upon their
horizontal intermediate sides, in order that said secondary gutters (7) be located
at a higher level with respect to the main gutters (6) and may discharge the collected
water therein. Since they meet on both their ends with the main gutters (6), the secondary
gutters (7) extend for a length corresponding to the dimension of one modular floor
slab, preferably with a slight protrusion beyond the vertical walls of the main gutters
(6).
[0028] As it can be observed in Figures 1 and 3, the height of the lower vertical sides
of said square loop S-shaped side wall sections (3) is such as to enable the edges
of the corrugated metal sheet of the bottom element (1) to be inserted into the lower
channel of said wall sections (3). Therefore, said height is not less than the overall
thickness of said corrugated metal sheet. The horizontal upper sides of said square
loop S-shaped side wall sections (3) are prolonged so as to almost completely cover
(with the facing sections belonging to two adjacent floor slabs) the corresponding
secondary gutter (7). Such design aims at eliminating any need to provide for additional
elements to cover the joint between two adjacent floor slabs so as to make the floor
sufficiently continuous. Obviously, such horizontal sides should have a limited width,
in order not to bend under the weight of any concentrated load on the floor, such
as, for instance, the load due to the wheels of a vehicle.
[0029] The same above considerations apply to the upper horizontal sides of the Z-shaped
side wall sections (2), which have a limited width. Specifically, such width is quite
less than half the width of the underlying main gutter (6) and the room between the
upper sides of two Z-shaped side wall sections (2) belonging to adjacent composite
floor slabs is covered by a grid element (8) overlaying the main gutter (6) and resting
with its two longitudinal edges on the upper sides of said Z-shaped side wall sections
(2).
[0030] Both in said Z-shaped side wall sections (2) and in said square loop S-shaped side
wall sections (3), the upper side is prolonged by a fin (9, 10) that is bent downwards
and overhangs the respective gutter (6, 7), so as to act as a drip. The detailed configuration
of said two side wall sections (2, 3), as well as their joints at the corners of the
composite floor slab, are shown in Figures 4 and 5. In detail, Figure 5, depicting
the angular segment as it can be seen from outside, clearly shows the two drip fins
(9, 10). Aiming at preventing the fluid concrete from outflowing during the manufacturing
stage, the corners between said side wall sections (2, 3) are provided with a closure
end plate (11) for the lower channel of said square loop S-shaped side wall section
(3). Said closure end plate (11) is preferably attached by welding. As it is shown
in Figure 5, the square loop S-shaped side wall section (3) is preferably cut with
the upper channel slightly prolonged, in order to better house and support the secondary
gutter (7). A further particular feature more clearly shown in detail resides in that
the Z-shaped side wall sections (2) preferably have asymmetrical cross-section, with
a lower horizontal side (12) remarkably larger than the upper horizontal side. This
aids coupling it to the corrugated metal sheet of the bottom elements (1), because
it enables to accommodate the variable position of the terminal descending segment
of the metal sheet, which can be different according to the size of the corrugated
metal sheet employed, as well as to its pitch.
[0031] As it is shown in Figures 1-3, one or more steel reinforcing elements (13) can be
arranged within the metal "boxes" prepared as above described, for instance in the
form of a metal wire network and/or steel rods. Upon positioning said reinforcing
elements (13), the casting operation of the concrete layer (14) can be carried out
to fill the "boxes" up to the desired level. Such level depends on the choice of the
final protective layer to be applied upon the concrete layer (14). In the embodiment
shown, a coating layer (15) of bituminous conglomerate is provided upon the concrete
layer (14), such coating layer (15) being applied in a sufficient thickness to level
off the upper surface of the concerned composite floor slab. As already remarked,
instead of said layer of bituminous conglomerate, also very thin protective coatings
can be provided, such as waterproofing resins: it will be apparent that the possibility
of carrying out the concrete casting on the work site allows to adjust at any time
the thickness of such layer according to the pre-selected final coating type.
[0032] The present invention has been disclosed with particular reference to some specific
embodiments thereof, but it should be understood that modifications and changes may
be made by the persons skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the
invention as defined in the appended claims.
1. A demountable modular floor for raised decks consisting of modular quadrilateral units,
each of which comprising:
• a composite floor slab with a bottom element (1) made of corrugated metal sheet
consisting of one or more pieces, according to the size, surrounded by four metal
sections (2, 3) forming the side walls of said slab, and a layer of concrete (14)
cast on said bottom element (1) of corrugated metal sheet and confined by said side
walls, said metal sections (2, 3) forming said side walls having a cross-section substantially
in the shape of a Z or of an S with square loops, and
• four segments of upwardly open gutters two main (6) and two secondary (7), peripherally
arranged around said composite floor slab and adjacent to said side wall sections
(2, 3), housed in the channels defined by pairs of side wall sections (2, 3) belonging
to adjacent composite floor slabs.
2. A modular floor according to claim 1, wherein the upper, substantially horizontal,
side of each of said Z-shaped or square loop S-shaped side wall sections (2, 3) is
prolonged by a fin (9, 10) that is bent downwards and overhangs the respective gutter
(6, 7).
3. A modular floor according to claims 1 or 2, wherein said side wall sections (2) that
are parallel to the fold lines of said corrugated metal sheet of the bottom element
(1) have a substantially Z-shaped cross-section and the corresponding gutter segments
(6) are interposed between the vertical external sides of two of said Z-shaped side
wall sections (2) belonging to adjacent composite floor slabs.
4. A modular floor according to claim 3, wherein said side wall sections (3) that are
orthogonal to the fold lines of said corrugated metal sheet of the bottom element
(1) have a substantially S-shaped cross-section with square loops and the corresponding
gutters (7) are laid upon the intermediate substantially horizontal sides of two of
said square loop S-shaped side wall sections (3) belonging to adjacent composite floor
slabs.
5. A modular floor according to claim 4, wherein the height of the lower vertical sides
of said square loop S-shaped side wall sections (3) is not less than the overall thickness
of said bottom element (1) of corrugated metal sheet, the edges of said bottom elements
(1) being inserted into the lower channel of the respective square loop S-shaped side
wall sections (3).
6. A modular floor according to claims 4 or 5, wherein the main gutters (6) adjacent
to said Z-shaped side wall sections (2) are formed by continuous gutter segments extending
along two or more modular units, while the secondary gutters (7) adjacent to said
square loop S-shaped side wall sections (3) have a length corresponding to one modular
unit, are located at a level higher than the level of said main gutters (6) and their
end is open over said main gutters (6).
7. A modular floor according to claim 6, wherein the width of the upper, substantially
horizontal, side of each of said Z-shaped side wall sections (2) is less than half
the width of the underlying main gutter (6) and the room between the upper sides of
two Z-shaped side wall sections (2) belonging to adjacent composite floor slabs is
covered by a grid element (8) laid over said main gutter (6) and resting with its
two longitudinal edges on the upper sides of said Z-shaped side wall sections (2).
8. A modular floor according to any one of claims 3-7, wherein said Z-shaped side wall
sections (2) have asymmetrical cross-section, with a lower, substantially horizontal
side (12) remarkably wider than the upper, substantially horizontal side.
9. A modular floor according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein said concrete
layer (14) incorporates one or more steel reinforcement elements (13).
10. A modular floor according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein each of said
composite floor slabs further comprises a protective coating layer (15) on said concrete
layer (14).
11. A modular floor according to claim 10, wherein said coating layer (15) is made of
bituminous material, resin material or cement-based material.
12. A modular floor according to claim 11, wherein the sum of the thicknesses of said
concrete layer (14) cast on said corrugated metal sheet bottom element (1) and confined
by said side wall sections (2, 3) and of said protective coating layer (15) is such
that the upper surface of said coating layer (15) is placed substantially at the same
level as the substantially horizontal upper sides of said side wall sections (2, 3).
13. A set of elements assemblable on the work site for setting up demountable modular
floors for raised decks consisting of quadrilateral modular units, which set of elements
comprises:
• for each of said modular units, a quadrilateral element (1) made of corrugated metal
sheet consisting of one or more pieces, according to the size, and four metal sections
(2, 3) each having a length corresponding to one side of said corrugated metal sheet
element (1), said metal sections (2, 3) having a cross-section substantially in the
shape of a Z or of an S with square loops, each of said metal sections (2, 3) being
suited to be coupled to a corresponding side of said corrugated metal sheet element
(1);
• two segments of main upwardly open gutters (6), suited to extend along one or more
of said modular units and to be housed in the channels defined by pairs of metal sections
(2) belonging to adjacent modular units; and
• two segments of secondary upwardly open gutters (7), each having a length corresponding
to one modular unit, suited to be housed in the channels defined by pairs of metal
sections (3) belonging to adjacent modular units.
14. A set of assemblable elements according to claim 13, wherein two of said four metal
sections (2) have a substantially Z-shaped cross-section and are suited to be coupled
to the sides of said corrugated metal sheet element (1) parallel to its fold lines.
15. A set of assemblable elements according to claim 14, wherein the other two of said
four metal sections (3) have a substantially S-shaped cross-section with square loops
and are suited to be coupled to the sides of said corrugated metal sheet element (1)
orthogonal to its fold lines.
16. A set of assemblable elements according to claim 15, wherein said square loop S-shaped
sections (3) are suited to house said secondary gutters (7) upon the intermediate
substantially horizontal sides of two of said square loop S-shaped sections (3) belonging
to adjacent modular units.
17. A set of assemblable elements according to claim 16, further comprising two segments
of a grid element (8) suited to extend along one or more of said modular units over
said main gutters (6), and to rest with their longitudinal edges on the upper sides
of said Z-shaped sections (2).
1. Demontierbarer, modularer Boden für erhöhte Decks, bestehend aus modularen, viereckigen
Einheiten, die jeweils umfassen:
- eine Verbund-Bodenplatte mit einem Grundelement (1), hergestellt aus einer gewellten
Metallplatte, abhängig von der Größe bestehend aus einem oder mehreren Teilen, umgeben
von vier Metallabschnitten (2, 3), welche die Seitenwände der genannten Bodenplatte
bilden, und einer Betonschicht (14), gegossen auf dem genannten Grundelement (1) einer
gewellten Metallplatte und begrenzt von den genannten Seitenwänden, wobei die genannten
Metallabschnitte (2, 3), die die genannten Seitenwände bilden, einen Querschnitt im
wesentlichen in der Form eines Z oder eines S mit rechtwinkligen Schenkeln aufweisen,
und
- vier Segmente von nach oben offenen Rinnen, zwei Hauptrinnen (6) und zwei Nebenrinnen
(7), peripher um die genannte Verbund-Bodenplatte angeordnet und angrenzend zu den
genannten Seitenwandabschnitten (2, 3), aufgenommen in den Kanälen, die durch Paare
von Seitenwandabschnitten (2, 3) definiert sind, die zu den angrenzenden Verbund-Bodenplatten
gehören.
2. Modularer Boden gemäß Anspruch 1, wobei die obere, im wesentlichen horizontale Seite
jeder der genannten Z- oder S-förmigen Seitenwandabschnitte (2, 3) durch einen Grat
(9, 10) verlängert ist, der nach unten gebogen ist und die jeweilige Rinne (6, 7)
überragt.
3. Modularer Boden gemäß Anspruch 1 oder 2, wobei die genannten Seitenwandabschnitte
(2), welche parallel der Falzlinien der genannten gewellten Metallplatte des Grundelementes
(1) einen im wesentlichen Z-förmigen Querschnitt aufweisen und die entsprechenden
Rinnensegmente (6) zwischen den vertikalen Außenseiten von zwei der genannten Z-förmigen
Seitenwandabschnitte (2) angeordnet sind, welche zu den angrenzenden Verbund-Bodenplatten
gehören.
4. Modularer Boden gemäß Anspruch 3, wobei die genannten Seitenwandabschnitte (3), welche
orthogonal zu den Falzlinien der genannten gewellten Metallplatte des Grundelementes
(1) stehen, einen im wesentlichen S-förmigen Querschnitt mit rechtwinkligen Schenkeln
aufweisen, und die entsprechenden Rinnen (7) auf den dazwischen liegenden, im wesentlichen
horizontalen Seiten von zwei der genannten S-förmigen Seitenwandabschnitte (3) mit
rechtwinkligen Schenkeln angeordnet sind, welche zu den angrenzenden Verbund-Bodenplatten
gehören.
5. Modularer Boden gemäß Anspruch 4, wobei die Höhe der unteren vertikalen Seiten der
genannten S-förmigen Seitenwandabschnitte (3) mit rechtwinkligen Schenkeln nicht kleiner
ist, als die Gesamtdicke des genannten Grundelementes (1) aus einer gewellten Metallplatte
und die Kanten der genannten Grundelemente (1) in den unteren Kanal der jeweiligen
S-förmigen Seitenwandabschnitte (3) mit rechtwinkligen Schenkeln eingesetzt sind.
6. Modularer Boden gemäß Anspruch 4 oder 5, wobei die zu den genannten Z-förmigen Seitenwandabschnitten
(2) angrenzenden Hauptrinnen (6) von zusammenhängenden Rinnensegmenten gebildet sind,
welche sich entlang von zwei oder mehr modularen Einheiten erstrecken, während die
zu den genannten S-förmigen Seitenwandabschnitten (3) mit rechtwinkligen Schenkeln
angrenzenden Nebenrinnen (7) eine einer modularen Einheit entsprechende Länge aufweisen
und auf einer höheren Ebene angeordnet sind, als die Ebene der genannten Hauptrinnen
(6) und deren Ende über den genannten Hauptrinnen (6) offen ist.
7. Modularer Boden gemäß Anspruch 6, wobei die Breite der oberen, im wesentlichen horizontalen
Seite jeder der genannten Z-förmigen Seitenwandabschnitte (2) kleiner ist, als die
halbe Breite der darunter angeordneten Hauptrinnen (6) und der Raum zwischen den Oberseiten
von zwei Z-förmigen Seitenwandabschnitten (2), welche zu angrenzenden Verbund-Bodenplatten
gehören, von einem Gitterelement (8) abgedeckt ist, welches über der genannten Hauptrinne
(6) angeordnet ist und mit zwei Längskanten auf den Oberseiten der genannten Z-förmigen
Seitenwandabschnitte (2) anliegt.
8. Modularer Boden gemäß einem der Ansprüche 3 bis 7, wobei die genannten Z-förmigen
Seitenwandabschnitte (2) einen asymmetrischen Querschnitt mit einer unteren, im wesentlichen
horizontalen Seite (12) aufweisen, die deutlich breiter ist als die obere, im wesentlichen
horizontale Seite.
9. Modularer Boden gemäß einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, wobei die genannte Betonschicht
(14) ein oder mehrere Stahlarmierungselemente (13) enthält.
10. Modularer Boden gemäß einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, wobei jeder der genannten
Verbund-Bodenplatten weiterhin eine Schutzschicht (15) auf der genannten Betonschicht
(14) enthält.
11. Modularer Boden gemäß Anspruch 10, wobei die genannte Schutzschicht (15) aus Asphalt-,
Harz- oder Zement-basierendem Material hergestellt ist.
12. Modularer Boden gemäß Anspruch 11, wobei die Summe der Dicke der genannten Betonschicht
(14), gegossen auf der genannten gewellten Metallplatte des Grundelements (1) und
begrenzt durch die genannten Seitenwandabschnitte (2, 3), und der genannten Schutzschicht
(15) derart ist, dass die obere Oberfläche der genannten Schutzschicht (15) im wesentlichen
auf der gleichen Ebene wie die im wesentlichen horizontalen Oberseiten der genanten
Seitenwandabschnitte (2, 3) angeordnet ist.
13. Gruppe von auf der Arbeitsstätte montierbaren Elementen zur Errichtung demontierbarer
modularer Böden für erhöhte Decks, bestehend aus viereckigen modularen Einheiten,
wobei die Gruppe von Elementen umfasst:
- für jede der genannten modularen Einheiten ein viereckiges Element (1), hergestellt
aus einer gewellten Metallplatte, abhängig von der Größe bestehend aus einem oder
mehreren Teilen, und vier Metallabschnitten (2, 3), welche jeweils eine Länge entsprechend
einer Seite des genannten gewellten Metallplattenelementes (1) aufweisen und die genannten
Metallabschnitte (2, 3) einen im wesentlichen Z-förmigen oder S-förmigen Querschnitt
mit rechtwinkligen Schenkeln aufweisen, wobei jeder der genannten Metallabschnitte
(2, 3) verwendet wird, um mit einer entsprechenden Seite des genannten Metallplattenelementes
(1) verbunden zu werden;
- zwei Segmente mit nach oben offenen Hauptrinnen (6), verwendet, um sich entlang
einer oder mehrerer der genannten modularen Einheiten zu erstrecken und um in die
Kanäle eingebracht zu werden, welche durch Paare von Metallabschnitten (2) definiert
sind, die zu angrenzenden modularen Einheiten gehören; und
- zwei Segmente von nach oben offenen Nebenrinnen (7), welche jeweils eine Länge entsprechend
einer modularen Einheit aufweisen, verwendet, um in die Kanäle eingebracht zu werden,
welche durch Paare von Metallabschnitten (3) definiert sind, die zu angrenzenden modularen
Einheiten gehören.
14. Gruppe von montierbaren Elementen gemäß Anspruch 13, wobei zwei der genannten vier
Metallabschnitte (2) einen im wesentlichen Z-förmigen Querschnitt aufweisen und verwendet
werden, um mit den Seiten des genannten gewellten Metallplattenelements (1) parallel
zu seinen Falzlinien verbunden zu werden.
15. Gruppe von montierbaren Elementen gemäß Anspruch 14, wobei die anderen beiden der
genannten vier Metallabschnitte (3) einen im wesentlichen S-förmigen Querschnitt mit
rechtwinkligen Schenkeln aufweisen und verwendet werden, um mit den Seiten des genannten
gewellten Metallplattenelements (1) orthogonal zu seinen Falzlinien verbunden zu werden.
16. Gruppe von montierbaren Elementen gemäß Anspruch 15, wobei die genannten S-förmigen
Abschnitte (3) mit rechtwinkligen Schenkeln verwendet werden, um die genannten Nebenrinnen
(7) auf den dazwischen liegenden, im wesentlichen horizontalen Seiten von zwei der
genannten S-förmigen Abschnitte (3) mit rechtwinkligen Schenkeln einzubetten, welche
zu den angrenzenden modularen Einheiten gehören.
17. Gruppe von montierbaren Elementen gemäß Anspruch 16, die weiterhin zwei Segmente eines
Gitterelements (8) enthält, verwendet, um sich entlang einer oder mehreren der genannten
modularen Einheiten über den genannten Hauptrinnen (6) zu erstrecken und mit ihren
Längskanten auf den Oberseiten der genannten Z-förmigen Abschnitte (2) anzuliegen.
1. Plancher modulaire démontable destiné à des plateaux surélevés constitué d'unités
quadrilatérales modulaires, comportant chacune :
une dalle de plancher composite ayant un élément inférieur (1) constitué d'une feuille
de métal ondulée comportant une ou plusieurs pièces, selon la dimension, entourée
par quatre profilés métalliques (2, 3) formant les parois latérales de ladite dalle,
et une couche de béton (14) coulée sur ledit élément inférieur (1) en feuille de métal
ondulée, et confinée par lesdites parois latérales, lesdits profilés métalliques (2,
3) formant lesdites parois latérales ayant une coupe transversale sensiblement en
forme de Z ou de S à boucles carrées, et
quatre segments de gouttières ouvertes vers le haut, deux segments principaux (6)
et deux segments secondaires (7), agencés de manière périphérique autour de ladite
dalle de plancher composite et adjacents auxdits profilés de paroi latérale (2, 3),
reçus dans les canaux définis par des paires de profilés de paroi latérale (2, 3)
appartenant à des dalles de plancher composite adjacentes.
2. Plancher modulaire selon la revendication 1, dans lequel le côté supérieur sensiblement
horizontal de chacun desdits profilés de paroi latérale en forme de Z ou en forme
de S à boucles carrées (2, 3) est prolongé par une ailette (9, 10) qui est incurvée
vers le bas, et qui est suspendue à la gouttière respective (6, 7).
3. Plancher modulaire selon la revendication 1 ou 2, dans lequel lesdits profilés de
paroi latérale (2) qui sont parallèles aux lignes de pliage de ladite feuille de métal
ondulée de l'élément inférieur (3) ont une coupe transversale sensiblement en forme
de Z, et les segments de gouttière correspondants (6) sont interposés entre les côtés
extérieurs verticaux de deux desdits profilés de paroi latérale en forme de Z (2)
appartenant à des dalles de plancher composites adjacentes.
4. Plancher modulaire selon la revendication 3, dans lequel lesdits profilés de paroi
latérale (3) qui sont orthogonaux par rapport aux lignes de pliage de ladite feuille
de métal ondulée de l'élément inférieur (1) ont une coupe transversale sensiblement
en forme de S à boucles carrées, et les gouttières correspondantes (7) sont disposées
sur les côtés intermédiaires sensiblement horizontaux de deux desdits profilés de
paroi latérale en forme de S à boucles carrées (3) appartenant à des dalles de plancher
composites adjacentes.
5. Plancher modulaire selon la revendication 4, dans lequel la hauteur des côtés verticaux
inférieurs desdits profilés de paroi latérale en forme de S à boucles carrées (3)
n'est pas inférieure à l'épaisseur globale dudit élément inférieur (1) en feuille
de métal ondulée, les bords desdits éléments inférieurs (1) étant insérés dans le
canal inférieur des profilés de paroi latérale en forme de S à boucles carrées respectifs
(3).
6. Plancher modulaire selon la revendication 4 ou 5, dans lequel les gouttières principales
(6) adjacentes auxdits profilés de paroi latérale en forme de Z (2) sont formées par
des segments de gouttière continus s'étendant le long de deux unités modulaires ou
plus, tandis que les gouttières secondaires (7) adjacentes auxdits profilés de paroi
latérale en forme de S à boucles carrées (3) ont une longueur qui correspond à une
unité modulaire, sont positionnées à un niveau plus élevé que le niveau desdites gouttières
principales (6), et leur extrémité est ouverte au-dessus desdites gouttières principales
(6).
7. Plancher modulaire selon la revendication 6, dans lequel la largeur du côté supérieur
sensiblement horizontal de chacun desdits profilés de paroi latérale en forme de Z
(2) est inférieure à la moitié de la largeur de la gouttière principale sous-jacente
(6), et l'espace situé entre les côtés supérieurs de deux profilés de paroi latérale
en forme de Z (2) appartenant à des dalles de plancher composite adjacentes est recouvert
par un élément formant grille (8) disposé au-dessus de ladite gouttière principale
(6), et en appui avec ses deux bords longitudinaux sur les côtés supérieurs desdits
profilés de paroi latérale en forme de Z (2).
8. Plancher modulaire selon l'une quelconque des revendications 3 à 7, dans lequel lesdits
profilés de paroi latérale en forme de Z (2) ont une coupe transversale asymétrique,
ayant un côté inférieur sensiblement horizontal (12) beaucoup plus large que le côté
supérieur sensiblement horizontal.
9. Plancher modulaire selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans lequel
ladite couche de béton (14) comporte un ou plusieurs éléments de renforcement en acier
(13).
10. Plancher modulaire selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans lequel
lesdites dalles de plancher composites comportent chacune de plus une couche de revêtement
de protection (15) sur ladite couche de béton (14).
11. Plancher modulaire selon la revendication 10, dans lequel ladite couche de revêtement
(15) est constituée d'un matériau bitumineux, d'un matériau de résine ou d'un matériau
à base de ciment.
12. Plancher modulaire selon la revendication 11, dans lequel la somme des épaisseurs
de ladite couche de béton (14) coulée sur ledit élément inférieur en feuille de métal
ondulée (1) et confinée par lesdits profilés de paroi latérale (2, 3) et de ladite
couche de revêtement de protection (15) est telle que la surface supérieure de ladite
couche de revêtement (15) est placée sensiblement au même niveau que les côtés supérieurs
sensiblement horizontaux desdits profilés de paroi latérale (2, 3).
13. Ensemble d'éléments pouvant être assemblés sur le site de travail pour constituer
des planchers modulaires démontables destinés à des plateaux surélevés constitués
d'unités modulaires quadrilatérales, lequel ensemble d'éléments comporte :
pour chacune desdites unités modulaires, un élément quadrilatéral (1) constitué d'une
feuille de métal ondulée, comportant une ou plusieurs pièces, selon la dimension,
et de quatre profilés métalliques (2, 3) ayant chacun une longueur qui correspond
à un côté dudit élément en feuille de métal ondulée (1), lesdits profilés métalliques
(2, 3) ayant une coupe transversale sensiblement en forme de Z ou en forme de S à
boucles carrées, lesdits profilés métalliques (2, 3) étant adaptés chacun pour être
couplés à un côté correspondant dudit élément en feuille de métal ondulée (1),
deux segments de gouttières ouvertes vers le haut principales (6), adaptés pour s'étendre
le long d'une ou de plusieurs desdites unités modulaires, et pour être reçus dans
les canaux définis par des paires de profilés métalliques (2) appartenant à des unités
modulaires adjacentes, et
deux segments de gouttières ouvertes vers le haut secondaires (7), ayant chacun une
longueur qui correspond à une unité modulaire, adaptés pour être reçus dans les canaux
définis par des paires de profilés métalliques (3) appartenant à des unités modulaires
adjacentes.
14. Ensemble d'éléments pouvant être assemblés selon la revendication 13, dans lequel
deux desdits quatre profilés métalliques (2) ont une coupe transversale sensiblement
en forme de Z, et sont adaptés pour être couplés aux côtés dudit élément en feuille
de métal ondulée (1) parallèlement à ses lignes de pliage.
15. Ensemble d'éléments pouvant être assemblés selon la revendication 14, dans lequel
les deux autres desdits quatre profilés métalliques (3) ont une coupe transversale
sensiblement en forme de S à boucles carrées, et sont adaptés pour être couplés aux
côtés dudit élément en feuille métallique ondulée (1) de manière orthogonale par rapport
à ses lignes de pliage.
16. Ensemble d'éléments pouvant être assemblés selon la revendication 15, dans lequel
lesdits profilés en forme de S à boucles carrées (3) sont adaptés pour recevoir lesdites
gouttières secondaires (16) sur les côtés intermédiaires sensiblement horizontaux
de deux desdits profilés en forme de S à boucles carrées (3) appartenant à des unités
modulaires adjacentes.
17. Ensemble d'éléments pouvant être assemblés selon la revendication 16, comportant de
plus deux segments d'un élément formant grille (8) adaptés pour s'étendre le long
d'une ou de plusieurs desdites unités modulaires au-dessus desdites gouttières principales
(6), et pour être en appui avec leurs bords longitudinaux sur les côtés supérieurs
desdits profilés en forme de Z (2).