Description of Invention
[0001] This invention relates to screens, in particular to screens for articles of sanitary-ware,
such as baths and showers. In particular, although not exclusively, this invention
relates to screens which comprise one or more panels for connection to a wall or other
upright surface near the article of sanitary-ware.
[0002] This invention will be described in relation to bath screens, but it will be understood
that it has equal relevance to screens for other articles in particular to articles
of sanitary-ware such as showers, wash basins, etc.
[0003] Bath screens are generally mounted to extend between a vertically oriented surface
(such as a wall) and a horizontally oriented surface afforded by a rim of the bath.
A typical screen incorporates a glass panel which usually has edges substantially
perpendicular to one another. Along the lower edge of the panel a flexible seal which
contacts the rim of the bath is often present. This forms a water-tight seal between
the screen and the rim, preventing water splashing onto the bath room floor. In order
for the bath screen to be effectively water-tight it must be in contact with the wall
and the rim along the length of its respective edges of which one is adjacent the
wall and one is adjacent the rim of the bath. In practice however, the wall and the
bath rim are rarely perpendicular to each other. Therefore, it is usual to include
an adjusting mechanism in the screen to compensate for this.
[0004] A known bath screen having one common system for adjustment is shown in Figure 1
(described in greater detail hereafter). The bath screen comprises a panel 10, an
elongate member 14 arranged along one edge of the panel 10 and a wall channel 16 mounted
to a wall 20. The adjustment system comprises two horizontal slots 24, 26 in the wall
channel, one at the top of the wall channel and one at the bottom. Screws pass through
each slot into the bath screen to fix the elongate member and the wall channel together.
[0005] In order to adjust the horizontal inclination of the bath screen it is necessary
to loosen the screws, support the weight of the screen, move the screen and then retighten
the screws. This is a two-handed, and indeed occasionally, a two person operation.
Furthermore, the screws can be insufficient to fully support the weight of the screen,
which may rest on the bath rim. In addition, the screws are unsightly and provide
crevices that make cleaning difficult.
[0006] According to the present invention, we provide a screen including a panel, a first
member connected to the panel and extending along an edge thereof; a second member
extending generally parallel to the first member and adapted to be secured to a supporting
surface, and a fastening mechanism connecting the first member to the second member;
characterised in that the fastening mechanism comprises a screw-threaded fastening
element having respective parts which cooperate with formations connected to the first
member and second member to connect them to one another, and rotation of the fastening
element effects adjustment of the inclination of the members relative to one another.
[0007] The invention enables the screen to be adjusted using one hand, since the screw-threaded
fastening element which connects the first and second members to one another also
effects adjustment of the inclination of the members relative to one another. When
the fastening element has been engaged with the formations connected to the members,
the weight of the screen is fully supported and the adjustment process simply requires
rotation of the fastening element until the required inclination is achieved.
[0008] The members may be provided at an edge of the panel which is upright in use, so that
adjustment of the inclination of the members relative to one another, and thus of
the general orientation of the panel relative to the supporting surface to which the
second member is secured, alters the inclination of a lower edge of the panel so that
satisfactory engagement of the entire length of a sealing means at such lower edge
of the panel with, e.g., the rim of a bath, can be achieved.
[0009] The formations with which the screw-threaded fastening element cooperates may be
provided in a first connector member and an end member provided at adjacent ends of
the first and second members. The screw-threaded fastening element may extend substantially
perpendicular to the direction of the length of the first and second members.
[0010] The first connector member may have a portion engaging the first member to provide
for pivoting of the first member relative to the connector member and to the second
member. The connector member may be connected to an elongate third member arranged
generally parallel to the first member and second member and disposed between them,
being pivotable relative to the first member and slidable relative to the second member.
Sealing means may be operable between the first member and the third member.
[0011] A fastening mechanism as above set forth may be provided at the top end of the first
and second members, whilst at the bottom end of the members they may be connected
together in a non-adjustable manner (while allowing for pivoting of the panel).
[0012] Alternatively, such a fastening mechanism can be provided at both the top and bottom
of the first and second members, giving slightly greater adjustment possibilities
for the screen.
[0013] The screen may comprise a plurality of panels pivotably connected together for pivoting
about right axes. Preferably sealing means is provided along a lower edge of panel(s),
for engaging the rim of a bath or shower. Seals, preferably magnetic, may be provided
between each pair of pivotably-connected panels.
[0014] A screen having the features described above is particularly suited for an article
of sanitary-ware such as bath or a shower.
[0015] Embodiments of the invention will now be described, purely by way of example, with
reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
FIGURE 1 shows schematically three views of a known adjustable bath screen;
FIGURE 1a shows schematically a side view of the screen;
FIGURE 1b shows schematically an enlarged view of part of the screen from the side;
FIGURE 1c shows schematically a section through a plan view of the screen;
FIGURE 2 shows schematically three views of a screen which is a first embodiment of
the invention;
FIGURE 2a shows schematically a side view;
FIGURE 2b shows schematically a front view;
FIGURE 2c shows schematically a top view;
FIGURE 3 shows schematically three views of the screen of Figure 2, showing an adjustment
and fixing mechanism;
FIGURE 3a shows schematically a top view of the mechanism;
FIGURE 3b shows schematically a top view of the screen with part of the mechanism removed;
and
FIGURE 3c shows schematically a side section through the screen with the mechanism in place;
FIGURE 4 shows schematically the screen of Figure 2 when adjusted;
FIGURE 4a shows schematically a top view of the screen;
FIGURE 4b shows schematically a section through a part of the screen near its upper edge;
FIGURE 4c shows schematically a sectional view through a part of the screen near its lower
edge;
FIGURE 5 illustrates a second embodiment of the invention, showing a screen having
both an upper and a lower adjustment and fixing mechanism;
FIGURE 6 shows schematically a third embodiment of the invention having a different
lower adjustment and fixing mechanism;
FIGURE 7 shows a further embodiment of the invention particularly adapted for multiple
panel screens;
FIGURE 7a shows schematically a section view through two panels of a multi-panel screen when
folded;
FIGURE 7b shows schematically a section view through two panels of a multi panel screen when
unfolded;
FIGURE 7c shows schematically a top view of a multi-panel screen;
FIGURE 7d shows schematically a section through a side view through the connection between
two panels of a multi-panel screen;
FIGURE 8 shows schematically a further embodiment of the invention, a single panel
bath screen;
FIGURE 8a shows schematically a side view of the screen;
FIGURE 8b shows schematically a top view of the screen;
FIGURE 8c shows schematically a front view of the screen.
[0016] Figure 1 shows a known and commonly used mechanism for adjusting a bath screen. The
screen 10 extends between a wall 20 and a bath rim 22. The wall 20 is generally vertical
whilst the bath rim 22 is generally horizontal. The screen comprises a panel 12, e.g.
of glass, a first member 14 which holds the panel 12 and a second member 16 which
is arranged to be secured to the wall 20 and to which the first member 14 is connected.
The first member 14 comprises a part 14
a holding the panel in a recess therein and a part 14
b relative to which the part 14
a is pivotable and which is adjustable relative to the second member 16. Seal 18 is
a flipper seal arranged along a lower edge of the panel, substantially perpendicular
to the member 14.
[0017] The adjustment mechanism comprises two slots 24, 26 formed in the second member 16
and two screws 28 which extend through the slats 24, 26 respectively and engage threaded
holes in the first member part 14
b.
[0018] A screw 28 is driven through each slot into the first member part 14b. The screws
may be tightened to fix the position of the first member part 14b in relation to the
second member 16. Differential adjustment of the screws 28 in slots 24, 26 allow the
panel to be lifted or lowered relative to the bath rim, as shown in Figure 1
a. To adjust the inclination of the panel therefore each screw 28 must be loosened,
the panel 12 adjusted, and then each screw 28 must be retightened.
[0019] This means that the user must support the weight of the panel during adjustment,
making adjustment a two handed operation. In addition, in use, the weight of the screen
may overcome the friction provided by the screws 28 against the slot 24, 26 meaning
that the seal 18 rests too heavily on the bath rim 22. This makes it difficult for
the user to enter and exit the bath, and is, potentially, dangerous.
[0020] The adjustment screws 28 and the slots 24, 26 are unsightly, difficult to clean and
exposed to the atmosphere in the bathroom.
[0021] A more easily adjustable screen in accordance with the invention is shown in Figures
2 to 8. Figures 2 to 4 show a first embodiment of a screen 30 which comprises four
panels 32, 34, 36, 38. A screen adjustment and fixing mechanism 40 connects the screen
as a whole to the wall whilst three panel pivoting mechanisms 42, 44, 46 interconnect
the panels 32, 34, 36, 38.
[0022] The screen 30 is connected between a wall 50 along a first of its edges and a bath
rim 52 along a second of its edges, as seen best in Figure 2. The second edge is generally
perpendicular to the first edge. However, wall 50 and the bath rim 52 are rarely perpendicular
so there is, usually, a need to adjust the inclination, or orientation, of the panels
in relation to the wall and the bath rim. Another reason for doing this is to ensure
that a seal 54, which is provided along the lower edge of the screen 30, provides
a water-tight connection between the rim and the panels. The seal 54 is connected
to the panels by respective U shaped extruded connectors 56, 58, 60, 62 which embrace
the lower edge region of the panels. The seal 54 is flexible, being in the form of
a flipper.
[0023] In order for the bath screen to be water-tight, the generally vertical edge of the
screen must be in contact with the wall whilst the generally horizontal edge of the
seal must be in contact with the rim of the bath. In addition, the interaction of
the seal with the bath greatly increases or reduces the friction produced when the
bath needs to be swung away from the rim for access to the bath taps or for cleaning
purposes. This is particularly important in multiple panel screens which are designed
to fold up when not in use - a seal that is too tight on the bath can make folding
difficult, whilst one which is too loose may mean that the screen does not stay straight
or drifts away from the bath rim whilst in use.
[0024] Figure 3 shows detail of a fastening mechanism which provides adjustment and fixing
for this screen. The mechanism comprises a first member 70, a second member, 72, and
a third member 74. All these members are elongate and arranged generally parallel
to each other and to one edge of the panel 32. The first member 70 is tubular, the
second member 72 is generally U shaped whilst the third member 74 is generally H shaped
in cross-section. The panel 32 is fixed to the first member by adhesive.
[0025] The various elements of the adjustment and fixing mechanism are connected as follows.
The first member 70 is arranged generally along a longitudinal edge of the panel 32,
being connected thereto by adhesive. The panel 32 is received in a longitudinal channel
in the first member 70. The first member 70 is connected to the second member 72 at
a top end by a first connector 76 which is joined by a joining element, a screw 78
to a threaded insert 80 contained in a first end member 82. The first member 70 is
connected to the third member 74 at a top end by the first connector 76 which is attached
by screws to the third member 74 and pivotally connected to the first member 70. A
washer 77 is arranged between the first connector 76 and the first member 70.
[0026] The first end member 82 is generally tubular and is attached to the second member
72, being secured thereto by screws which pass through holes in the end member 82
to receiving formations in the second member 72. A tube extends transversely through
the first end member 82 and the generally tubular insert 80 is aligned with the axis
of this tube and retained therein by retaining formations which comprise a narrow
annulus on one end of the first end member 82.
[0027] The first connector comprises a peg 84 which extends perpendicularly to a tube 86
formed in the first connector which provides a passageway leading to the screw 78.
The screw 78 is retained in the first connector by retaining formations which form
a receiving formation 89 in which the head 88 of the screw 78 is received.
[0028] The peg 84 is engaged with a part-tubular formation 90 which provides a passage through
the first member. Brush seals 92 are arranged longitudinally between the first member
70 and the second member 74.
[0029] It can be seen that the first member 70 and the second member 72 are connected into
two ways. Firstly there is a pivotal connection provided between the first member
70 and the first connector 76 which, when the first connector 76 is fixed in relation
to the second member 72, enables the screen to pivot relative to the second member,
and thus to the wall 50, allowing the screen to be folded back to provide entry and
exit to the bath.
[0030] Secondly, there is a sliding connection between the two members provided by the screw
78, which passes through the receiving formation 89 into the threaded insert 80 which
is retained in the first end member 82. This sliding connection provides for adjustment
of the horizontal inclination of the screen.
[0031] In order to adjust the horizontal inclination of the screen a user removes a cover
94 which is push-fit into the tube 86 in the first connector and inserts a screwdriver
into the passageway formed by tube 86. The screwdriver can be engaged with the screw
78 and the screw 78 turned, which will move the first connector 70 in relation to
the first end member 82 by the rotation of the helical thread of the screw on the
helical thread of the threaded insert 80. The orientation of the first member 70 is
altered because its horizontal inclination is determined by its connection on the
peg 84 of the first connector 70.
[0032] Thus turning the screw 78 changes the inclination of the panel 32 in relation to
the second member 72 and thus in relation to the wall 50. This adjusts the position
of the seal 54 in relation to the bath rim.
[0033] Figure 4 shows how the screen looks in cross section after adjustment. Figure 4
b shows a section through an upper edge of the screen. The first member 70 is spaced
from the second member 72 by almost the full extent of longitudinal limbs 93 of the
H section, third member 74. At a lower edge of the panel, as shown in Figure 4
c, the first member 70 is much closer to the second member 72 because adjustment has
led to almost the entire longitudinal extent of the H section third member 74 being
contained within longitudinal limbs 95 of the U section of the second member 72.
[0034] Figure 5 shows a preferred adjusting arrangement for multi panel bath screens. This
embodiment has two adjustment mechanisms, a top adjustment mechanism 100 which is
arranged as has been previously described, and a bottom adjustment mechanism 102 which
is arranged as a mirror image of the top adjustment mechanism 100, and contains the
same components.
[0035] Specifically, the bottom adjustment mechanism 102 comprises a second connector 104
having a peg 106 and a receiving formation 108 for a screw 110. The screw 110 may
be screwed into a second end member 112, either by a threaded insert or directly into
the second end member 112, the transverse tube in this moulding may be threaded to
receive the screw 110. Turning the screw adjusts the distance between the second connector
104 and the second end member 112 in an identical manner to previously described for
the top connector.
[0036] As the first member is part-tubular it is held between the pegs of the connectors.
The ability to adjust the top and bottom screws differentially allows fine adjustment
of the seal of the screen in relation to the bath rim.
[0037] Figure 6 shows an alternative, simpler, embodiment in which only one adjustment mechanism
120 is provided, at the top of the screen. This adjustment mechanism is identical
to those previously described. At the bottom of the screen a pivot mechanism, in fact
a double pivot mechanism, is provided. This comprises a second connector 122 which
has a peg 124 that is inserted into the tubular first member. The second connector
122 includes a hook 126 which connects to a raised formation 128 provided on a second
end member 130. The second end member 130 is screwed into the second member, an aluminium
channel which is secured by screws to the wall.
[0038] As may be seen in Figure 6 the hook and projection are vertically oriented and provide
engagement of the second connector with the second moulding. This engagement holds
the screen to the wall but allows the small rotation that is required to accommodate
the change in inclination of the screen when the adjustment screw at the top of the
screen is turned.
[0039] Figure 7 shows a further improvement which allows the panels of a multi-panel screen
to be more easily secured together and held in a straight line when unfolded. This
also improves the contact between the multi-panel screen and the bath rim.
[0040] Figure 7
d shows a typical hinge arrangement between two panels 150, 152. These panels 150,
152 are fixed by adhesive to two members a first member 154 and a second member 156.
[0041] A first connector 158 is secured by screws to the top of the first member 154 and
a second connector 160 secured by screws to the top of the second member 156. The
second connector 160 has a circular peg 162 which engages with a part-tubular formation
162
a in the first member 154. In this way, adjacent panels are held together yet are free
to pivot in relation to each other when the bath screen is folded.
[0042] Difficulties may arise, however, in maintaining a water-tight seal between the panels
and ensuring that the screen remains straight when in use. In order to ensure that
there is a water-tight seal between the panels it is common practice to have a vertical
flexible seal between the panels, usually either a flipper seal or a tubular bubble
seal. In order for these to work effectively, there needs to be some compression of
the seal when panels are straightened. In practice, the resistance of the seal to
compression pushes closing faces of adjacent panels apart causing the bath screen
to follow a zigzag path along the bath rim. This can cause significant leakage and
frustrates the user.
[0043] Therefore, mechanical clips are generally provided at the top and bottom of the first
and second members 154, 156. These are intended to hold the panels in a straight line.
However, it is difficult to control the strengths of these clips, which are manufactured
using injection moulding, to ensure both that the screen stays straight and that it
can still be folded easily when required. In addition, the clips look clumsy and gaps
between the clips and any seals might lead to a water leak.
[0044] Figures 7a-7c show how these difficulties can be overcome. Vertically extending magnetic
seals 162, 164 are arranged in channels 165 which run along the length of the first
member 154 and the second member 156. The attraction force between the seals is gentle
enough to allow the multi-panel screen to be easily folded but sufficient to pull
the faces of the bath screen panels together and hold it in a straight line.
[0045] These seals are on opposing faces of the first member 154 and the second member 156
so that when the panel is in its straight position, as shown in Figure 7
b, the seals are in contact down the majority, and preferably the entire, vertical
length of the members. Thus, in addition to holding the members in position the seals
form an effective barrier to water leakage. A second brush seal 166 is also provided,
arranged in a second vertically extending channel 167 in the second member 156.
[0046] The general principles and concepts described above may be applied in a simple one
panel bath screen, as shown in Figure 8.
[0047] The first and third members are formed of plastics material and manufactured by extrusion.
The second member is an extrusion of aluminium. However, the extrusions may be of
metal or of plastics material as required. The connectors and fasteners are of a plastic
material and manufactured by injection moulding. Alternatively, these could be made
of metal and cast or machined. The magnetic seals are made of a rubber material, but
could be of any magnetic material, preferably flexible.
[0048] The adjustment mechanism described above could be used for many different types of
screen. Many alternative different forms of the adjustment mechanism could be envisaged
which still employ the combination of pivotal and sliding movements between a first
member and a second member to adjust the inclination of a panel, providing effective,
fluid-tight, sealing between surfaces of different inclinations.
[0049] When used in this specification and claims, the terms "comprises" and "comprising"
and variations thereof mean that the specified features, steps or integers are included.
The terms are not to be interpreted to exclude the presence of other features, steps
or components.
[0050] The features disclosed in the foregoing description, or the following claims, or
the accompanying drawings, expressed in their specific forms or in terms of a means
for performing the disclosed function, or a method or process for attaining the disclosed
result, as appropriate, may, separately, or in any combination of such features, be
utilised for realising the invention in diverse forms thereof.
1. A screen (30) including a panel (32), a first member (70) connected to the panel and
extending along an edge thereof; a second member (72) extending generally parallel
to the first member (70) and adapted to be secured to a supporting surface, and a
fastening mechanism connecting the first member (70) to the second member (72);
characterised in that the fastening mechanism comprises a screw-threaded fastening element (78) having
respective parts which cooperate with formations (80; 89) connected to the first member
(70) and second member (72) to connect them to one another, and rotation of the fastening
element (78) effects adjustment of the inclination of the members (70,72) relative
to one another.
2. A screen according to claim 1 further characterised in that the members (70,72) are provided at an edge of the panel which is upright in use.
3. A screen according to claim 1 or claim 2 wherein the formations (89; 80) are provided
in a first connector member (76) and an end member (82) provided at adjacent ends
of the first member (70) and the second member (72), respectively.
4. A screen according to any one of the preceding claims further characterised in that the screw-threaded fastening element (78) extends substantially perpendicular to
the length of the first and second members (70,72).
5. A screen according to any one of the preceding claims, further characterised in that the first connector member (76) has a portion (84) engaging the first member (70)
to provide for pivoting of the first member (70) relative to the connector member
(76) and to the second member (72).
6. A screen according to claim 5, further characterised in that the connector member (76) is connected to an elongate third member (74) arranged
generally parallel to the first member (70) and second member (72) and disposed between
them, being pivotable relative to the first member (70) and slidable relative to the
second member (72).
7. A screen according to claim 6, further characterised by sealing means (92) operable between the first member (70) and the third member (74).
8. A screen according to claim 2 or any claim appendant thereto, further characterised in that said fastening mechanism is provided at the top end of the members (72,72).
9. A screen according to claim 8, further characterised in that a further said fastening mechanism is provided at the bottom end of the members (70,72).
10. A screen according to any one of the preceding claims, further characterised by a plurality of panels (32,34,36,38) pivotably connected together for pivoting about
upright axes.
11. A panel according to any one of the preceding claims, further characterised by sealing means extending along a lower edge of the panel(s).
12. A screen according to any one of the preceding claims, adapted to be used in relation
to a bath or shower.