OBJECT OF THE INVENTION
[0001] The present invention relates to a ventilation device with spiral air channelling,
from among industrial ventilation devices, preferably mounted on a roof.
[0002] The present invention is characterised, among other factors, by enabling a spiral
air extraction that facilitates extraction in a mixed manner, performed either dynamically
with a blade driven by a motorised fan or by natural physical convection using thermal
gradients of the air.
[0003] Also the object of the invention are the physical and structural characteristics
of the ventilation device, which in combination and when assembled together facilitate
air extraction in a spiral, as well as providing a greater structural stiffness to
withstand wind forces, resulting in an improved performance in general and a substantial
noise reduction, reducing the transmitted vibrations.
[0004] The present invention thus lies in the field of ventilators or air extraction equipment.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
[0005] Ventilation devices currently available in the market carry out the extraction either
by Venturi systems or mixed systems, by convection with specific designs. In all prior
solutions the ventilation devices are made from cut, folded and drilled plates, sewn
by tubular rivets or surface screws on the top cone and on the base.
[0006] In other cases the ventilation devices are made from a single piece with polyester
resins, although this presents certain drawbacks as diameters above 500 mm are difficult
to obtain due to the structural problems encountered when affected by the external
temperatures that they may be subjected to.
[0007] In addition, in order to avoid rainfall convection or motorised devices have cones
with large diameters in relation to the chimney body, which hinders a correct suction
in the case of convection.
[0008] We also find that ventilation devices with envelopes significantly reduce performance,
as they force the flow to turn 180°.
[0009] As regards Venturi-based ventilation systems, these suffer from a serious drawback
such as loss of pressure through their side openings, as these are used with a motor,
while those devices that do not use a motor only reach an efficiency of 30% of the
flow.
[0010] A further difficulty encountered in currently available ventilation devices is the
form of attachment to the roof, as this is normally performed in a bespoke fashion
depending on the inclination of said roof, where the base used for attachment to the
deck is comprised of several parts welded and riveted to each other. This solution
does not ensure water tightness.
[0011] It is also often the case that the means currently employed for securing the motor
consist of metal plates attached as tie rods, the entire surface of which offer resistance
to air passage, and in which the connection box is placed on the side, further increasing
air resistance. Finally, it should be mentioned that devices as currently installed
have the wiring outside the device, exposed to environmental hazards.
[0012] In the State of the Art there are some ventilation devices knnwn as the ones disclosed
in
EP 802378 A,
US2001/039776 A, and
GB865730 A In
EP 802378 is disclosed particularly a spherical deflector, being provided with a cylindrical
body whose lower en is provided with a spherical base. In
US 2001/039776 is disclosed an attic vent with a one-piece fitted to skeleton, wherein galvanized
metal for avoiding oxidation is used, and in
GB 865730 is disclosed an upward discharge ventilator provided with a motor. Nevertheless none
of these ventilations objects are provided with means for being attaching a spherical
base to the roof, and with means which avoids carrying out any additional amendment
in the base depending on the inclination of the roof, and wherein the air extraction
or the air in a spiral is facilitated by the special position and shape of the spherical
deflector supports.
[0013] Thus, the object of the present invention is to overcome the aforementioned drawbacks
of ventilation devices, providing one that allows an improved adaptation and attachment
of the structure of the ventilation device to the roof, prevents entry of rainwater,
has a structure that is not made from cut, folded and drilled plate joined by riveting,
has no pressure losses whatsoever and in which the entire unit is designed so that
it offers a minimal air resistance and favours a spiral air channelling.
DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
[0014] The invention disclosed of a ventilation device with spiral air channelling consists
of a device that performs a spiral air extraction in a gradual manner, suctioning
air from the interior through a spherical shape, in which are involved the opening
and closing window, the motor support fins, the blades of the motorised fan, the spherical
deflector and its supports. With all of this a hurricane effect is achieved for the
air motion that reduces load losses from residual turbulence and improves flow rates,
as the air at all times operates with spherical, cylindrical or conical surface envelopes.
[0015] The ventilation device object of the invention basically comprises a hinged spherical
base, a spherical deflector, its tangential supports and a cylinder that is the body
of the chimney.
[0016] Both the hinged spherical base and the spherical deflector are curved surfaces, and
thus provide the assembly with a greater structural stiffness that allows withstanding
the wind force in any direction, as its air resistance is minimised. Both are made
with galvanised metal or stainless steel plate and in a single piece, with no orifices,
cuts or unions so that moisture or rain will not affect it in any manner and torsions,
wear and oxidation are prevented.
[0017] The spherical base is hinged so that it may adapt to the inclination of the deck.
It has the shape of a spherical cap and is attached to the chimney body, a cylinder,
at any point. The intersection between the two is circular and in the case of inclined
roofs part of the surface of the spherical base may be uncovered. In order to cover
this part of the spherical base a flap is provided on the base of the chimney to cover
or overlap the exposed gap, so that no rain will enter the hinged spherical base.
It is also possible to make an orifice at the exact point of union of the two parts
and later weld them together.
[0018] The cylindrical body or chimney is where the air is drawn, either directly from the
inside of the precinct from which air must be extracted or through a telescoping and
flexible tube.
[0019] Inside the cylinder the motorised fan connection case and the window lid are installed,
designed to channelling spiral air.
[0020] The motorised window is in charge of opening and closing the air passage. It has
a circular shape crossed by a shaft that makes it turn 90° when opening or closing.
The window has a wavelike shape to aid the spiral air formation when air passes through
it. This shape of the window provides it with a greater stiffness and increases its
inertia in the rotation sense of the cover.
[0021] The motorised fan is secured to the cylindrical body by a number of support points
in the form of "Z" or "U''-shaped fins that are perpendicular to the motor and that
are turned a certain angle from the centre of the motor, thus forcing the air to turn
in a spiral. The design of these supports is such that the system has nearly no inertia
in the torsion sense of the motor, allowing the motor to absorb torsional vibrations
by its own motion and further preventing load losses as said attachments are positioned
perpendicular to the rest of the cylindrical body.
[0022] In addition, in order to favour air passage through the interior of the cylindrical
body the motorised fan connection case instead of being placed lateral to said fan
is placed below it. The wiring is also arranged so that it runs inside the cylinder
at all times, with no wires exposed in order to prevent their wear due to environmental
or accidental conditions.
[0023] Furthermore, the upper neck of the chimney is provided with two parallel circular
flanges at the height of the blade, in order to obtain a higher efficiency during
extraction and impulsion, while minimising the ovalisation of the cylinder, as well
as providing a constant flow rate by adjusting the aspiration opening to the blade.
[0024] As regards the supports of the spherical deflector, these are crucial for redirecting
the air into a spiral and are made from a plate folded into a " Z " or similar shape.
The number of attachments provided will depend on the size of the device, the wind
pressure to withstand and the higher-order harmonics of the ventilator. In order to
prevent orifices in the deflector the attachments are welded to said deflector to
form a single piece. They are screwed onto the cylindrical neck for purposes of cleaning
and maintenance at a point protected from the rain.
[0025] The spherical deflector is made from a shaping die or mould from a single piece of
galvanised or stainless steel metal plate. As its shape is spherical it has a greater
structural stiffness and as it has no cuts or unions it is not affected by humidity
and environmental factors. Its shape gives it a reduced resistance to external air
while aiding natural convection and preventing undesired turbulences for extraction
of the internal air, while helping the distribution of the extracted air into equal
parts. In addition, as its radius is progressive the air trajectory ends tangentially.
This deflector does not require the use of a backflow preventor, thereby avoiding
load losses and reducing vibrations.
[0026] As an option it is possible to install a backflow preventor or an internal cone with
absorbent materials to compensate the shadow of the blade core.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0027] As a complement of the description provided below and in order to aid a better understanding
of the characteristics of the invention the present descriptive memory is accompanied
by a set of drawings with figures where for purposes of illustration and in a non-limiting
sense the most relevant details of the invention are shown.
[0028] Figure 1 shows a sectional view along the entire length of the assembled unit.
[0029] Figure 2 shows a plan view of the unit.
[0030] Figure 3 shows a representation of the ventilator unit with the window vertical.
[0031] Figure 4 shows the same as the previous figure, with the window placed horizontally.
[0032] Figure 5 shows the window in a perspective view.
[0033] Figure 6 shows an example of an embodiment for the motor supports.
[0034] Figure 7 shows another example of embodiment for the motor supports.
[0035] Figure 8 shows the arrangement of the motor supports between the cylinder and the
motor itself.
[0036] Figures 9, 10 and 11 shows various examples of embodiments for the backflow preventor.
[0037] Figure 12 shows the union between the cylinder and the hinged spherical base.
[0038] Figure 13 shows the same as the previous figure for the case with a slightly inclined
roof.
[0039] Figure 14 shows the form of connection of the motor.
[0040] Figure 15 shows the flanges at the top end of the cylinder.
[0041] Figure 16 shows the form of the supports for the spherical deflector.
[0042] Figure 17 shows the effect of the spherical deflector supports with the air exhaust
and the wind.
PREFERRED EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION
[0043] In view of the figures a description of a preferred embodiment of the invention is
provided below, as well as a description of the figures.
[0044] Figure 1 shows the ventilation device, basically comprised of a cylindrical body
(1) or ventilator neck, a spherical deflector (2) placed on the top and a hinged spherical
base (3) on which is set the entire assembly and that is used for attachment to the
roof. Also shown are the supports (6) to which is welded the spherical deflector (2).
The cylindrical body (1) is the chimney in which the device draws the flow, which
may be directly connected to the inside of the precinct or connected by means of a
telescoping flexible duct (4) as shown in the figure.
[0045] Inside the cylindrical body (1) is the motorised fan (7) with its corresponding blades
and the motorised window in charge of opening and closing the ventilator.
[0046] Figure 2 in general shows the same parts described above, and reveals the supports
(8) of the motorised fan (7) to the cylindrical body (1) and the tangential air exhaust
with the aid of the supports (6) of the spherical deflector (2). Later on and in successive
figures the constructive details of the assembly will be shown in greater detail.
[0047] Figures 3, 4 and 5 show the most remarkable characteristics of the motorised window
(5), meant to open and close the air flue. Basically, the window (5) is shaped as
a circle with a shaft across one of its diameters. Figure 4 shows the profile of the
window (5) that is basically in the form of a wave so that when it is vertical it
aids the formation of a spiral in the air. This shape provides advantages by stiffening
the cover without requiring reinforcements to be welded on it, increasing the inertia
in the rotation sense of the cover.
[0048] Figures 6 and 7 show two possible embodiments for the supports (8) of the motorised
fan (7) to the cylindrical body (1). As shown in figure 6 these have a Z-shape, while
as shown in figure 7 they have a U-shape. In any case their ends have folds that define
trapezoidal ends (8.1), (8.2), (8.3) and (8.4). Said supports (8) are placed turned
with respect to the centre, forcing the air to move in a spiral towards the blade
(9) of the fan, providing an increased performance an less noise.
[0049] Figure 8 shows in a broken line the tensions applied to the supports (8); said system
of supports (8) reinforces the structure of the unit by improving the load distribution,
and in addition has an almost zero inertia in the torsion sense of the motor, allowing
a torsional motion of the support that favours the absorption by the motor of its
own torsional vibrations in its motion. As the support system absorbs the vibrations
it prevents them from being transmitted to the unit. In addition, and as it is placed
perpendicular to the cylindrical body (1), it prevents load losses.
[0050] Figures 9 to 11 shows various types of deflectors, all of them in the form of a spherical
cap in a single piece, made of galvanised or stainless steel plate. Said deflector
(2) has a minimised air resistance because of the shape of its surface, aids natural
convection and prevents undesired turbulence.
[0051] Figure 10 shows the deflector (2) with a backflow preventor (2.1) while figure 11
shows the backflow preventor (2.2) with a water-drop shape. These backflow preventors
are meant to compensate the shadow of the blade core chosen.
[0052] Figures 12 and 13 show the union of the cylindrical body (1) and the spherical base
(3). Said spherical base has a flat area (3.1) for union to the roof and a central
bulge in the form of a spherical cap, where an orifice is provided. So that this orifice
is valid regardless of the inclination of the roof, an endless circular cut is made
from the centre of the cap to the greatest possible diameter. As the union between
the cylindrical body (1) and the spherical base (3) leaves an uncovered part (11)
(as shown in figure 13), on the bottom of the cylindrical body (1) is welded a plate
or part (10) that overlaps said sphere in the required surface.
[0053] Figure 14 shows the arrangement of the case (12) of the motorised fan (7), as set
beneath the motor in order to reduce air resistance. In addition the wiring (13) runs
inside the cylindrical body (1) at all times, preventing its wear due to contact with
the environment.
[0054] Figure 15 shows, on the top edge of the cylindrical body (1), two parallel circular
flanges (15) at the height of the blade (9), which provide an improved efficiency
in extraction and impulsion while minimising the ovalisation of the cylinder and improving
its performance by adjusting the window to the blade and reducing noise.
[0055] Finally, figure 16 shows the supports (6) of the spherical deflector (2). Said supports
(6) are made from folded plate and have a "z" shape or the like, and are joined to
the deflector (2) by welding.
[0056] Figure 17 shows the air exhaust in a spiral inside the cylindrical body (1), ending
tangentially with the aid of the supports (6) of the spherical deflector (2) and of
the wind.
[0057] It should be noted that the supports are regularly distributed and have an exit angle
greater than 90°, allowing the spiral to end tangentially and protected from the wind
pressure.
[0058] The terms used in this memory should be understood in a wide and non-limiting sense.
1. Ventilation device with spiral air channelling that facilitates air extraction in
a spiral, whether in a mixed manner, dynamically with a motorised fan blade or by
physical convection of a thermal origin, with the air forced to exit the ventilator
device tangentially, for which purpose the device is provided with a base (3) and
a deflector (2), both spherical, without orifices nor cuts, made of galvanised or
stainless steel plate, and is further provided with a chimney defined by a cylindrical
body (1) inside which are housed the motorised fan (7) and the motorised window (5)
in charge of opening and closing the air passage in the chimney, wherein at the bottom
end of the cylindrical body (1) there is a part or flap (10) to cover part of the
spherical base (3), whereby
- the spherical base (3) is hinged to the inclination of the roof, for which it is
provided with a flat peripheral flap (3.1) that allows attaching said base to the
roof, and
- on the part in the form of a spherical cap of the base (3), an endless circular
cut is provided so that it does not have to be shortened for each inclination of the
roof.
- the spherical deflector (2) is supported by supports (6) which have a "Z" or similar
shape that helps the spiral formation of the air and its tangential exhaust; these
supports (6) are joined to the spherical deflector by welding and are distributed
regularly with an exit angle greater than 90 DEG , thereby allowing the spiral air
formation to end tangentially.
2. Ventilation device with spiral air channelling according to claim 1, characterised in that the motorised window (5) has a circular shape crossed by a diametric shaft, and a
profile with a wavelike shape.
3. Ventilation device with spiral air channelling according to claim 1, characterised in that the attachment of the motorised fan (7) to the cylindrical body (1) Z-shaped supports
(8) with their ends folded to define trapezoidal surfaces (8.1) and (8.2).
4. Ventilation device with spiral air channelling according to claim 1, characterised in that the attachment of the motorised fan (7) to the cylindrical body (1) is effected by
U-shaped supports (8) with their ends folded to define trapezoidal surfaces (8.3)
and (8.4).
5. Ventilation device with spiral air channelling according to claim 1, characterised in that the motorised fan (7) has its connection case (12) installed beneath it.
6. Ventilation device with spiral air channelling according to claim 1, characterised in that the wiring (13) that reaches the connection case (12) of the motorised fan (7) runs
inside the device.
7. Ventilation device with spiral air channelling according to claim 1, characterised in that the top part of the cylindrical body (1) is provided with two circular, parallel
flanges (14) at the height of the blade (9).
8. Ventilation device with spiral air channelling according to claim 1, characterised in that the spherical deflector (2) is provided with a backflow preventor (2.1) to compensate
the shadow of the core of the chosen blade.
9. Ventilation device with spiral air channelling according to claim 1, characterised in that the spherical deflector (2) is provided with a backflow preventor (2.2) to compensate
the shadow of the core of the chosen blade.
1. Ventilationssystem mit spiralförmiger Luftleitung, die die Entlüftung in einer Spirale
erleichtert, ob auf eine gemischte Weise, dynamisch mit einem motorisierten Lüfterflügel
oder durch physikalische Konvektion mit einem thermischen Ursprung, wobei die Luft
gezwungen wird, das Ventilationssystem tangential zu verlassen, zu welchem Zweck das
System mit einer Basis (3) und einem Ablenker (2), beide sphärisch, ohne Öffnungen
oder Schnitte, hergestellt aus galvanisiertem oder rostfreiem Stahlblech, ausgestattet
ist, und es ist weiter mit einem Kamin ausgestattet, der durch einen zylindrischen
Körper (1) definiert ist, in dem der motorisierte Lüfter (7) und das motorisierte
Fenster (5) untergebracht sind, wobei sich am unteren Ende des zylindrischen Körpers
(1) ein Teil oder eine Klappe (10) befindet, um einen Teil der sphärischen Basis (3)
abzudecken, wobei
- die spiralförmige Basis (3) mit der Neigung des Daches gelenkig verbunden ist, wofür
sie mit einer flachen peripheren Klappe (3.1) ausgestattet ist, die es ermöglicht,
die Basis an das Dach zu befestigen, und
- auf dem Teil in Form eines sphärischen Deckels der Basis (3) ein endloser kreisförmiger
Schnitt bereitgestellt ist, so dass er nicht für jede Neigung des Daches verkürzt
werden muss.
- der sphärische Ablenker (2) von Stützen (6) gehalten wird, die eine "Z"- oder ähnliche
Form aufweisen, die die spiralförmige Bildung der Luft und ihren tangentialen Austritt
unterstützt; diese Stützen (6) sind durch Schweißen mit dem sphärischen Ablenker verbunden
und sind regelmäßig mit einem Ausgangswinkel von mehr als 90 Grad verteilt, wobei
ermöglicht wird, dass die spiralförmige Luftbildung tangential endet.
2. Ventilationssystem mit spiralförmiger Luftleitung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das motorisierte Fenster (5) eine runde Form aufweist, die durch eine diametrische
Welle durchquert wird, und ein Profil mit einer wellenähnlichen Form.
3. Ventilationssystem mit spiralförmiger Luftleitung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Befestigung des motorisierten Lüfters (7) an den zylindrischen Körper (1) durch
Z-förmige Stützen (8) erfolgt, wobei deren Enden gefaltet sind, um trapezförmige Flächen
(8.1) und (8.2) zu definieren.
4. Ventilationssystem mit spiralförmiger Luftleitung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Befestigung des motorisierten Lüfters (7) an den zylindrischen Körper (1) durch
U-förmige Stützen (8) erfolgt, wobei deren Enden gefaltet sind, um trapezförmige Flächen
(8.3) und (8.4) zu definieren.
5. Ventilationssystem mit spiralförmiger Luftleitung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Verbindungsgehäuse (12) des motorisierte Lüfters (7) unter diesem installiert
ist.
6. Ventilationssystem mit spiralförmiger Luftleitung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Verdrahtung (13), die das Verbindungsgehäuse (12) des motorisierten Lüfters (7)
erreicht, innerhalb des Systems verläuft.
7. Ventilationssystem mit spiralförmiger Luftleitung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der obere Teil des zylindrischen Körpers (1) mit zwei kreisförmigen, parallelen Flanschen
(14) auf der Höhe des Flügels (9) ausgestattet ist.
8. Ventilationssystem mit spiralförmiger Luftleitung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der sphärische Ablenker (2) mit einem Rückflussverhinderer (2.1) ausgestattet ist,
um den Schatten des Kerns des gewählten Flügels zu kompensieren.
9. Ventilationssystem mit spiralförmiger Luftleitung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der sphärische Ablenker (2) mit einem Rückflussverhinderer (2.2) ausgestattet ist,
um den Schatten des Kerns des gewählten Flügels zu kompensieren.
1. Dispositif de ventilation à canalisation d'air en spirale facilitant l'extraction
d'air dans une spirale, de manière fixe et dynamique, avec une feuille de ventilateur
motorisée ou à l'aide d'une convection physique d'origine thermique, avec de l'air
forcé en sortant tangentiellement du dispositif ventilateur, raison pour laquelle
le dispositif est équipé d'une base (3) et d'un déflecteur (2), tous deux sphériques,
sans orifices ni coupures, fabriqués en plaque d'acier inoxydable ou galvanisé, et
pourvus d'autre part, d'une cheminée définie par un corps cylindrique (1) à l'intérieur
duquel est logée la feuille du ventilateur motorisé (7) et la fenêtre motorisée (5),
qui a pour fonction d'ouvrir et de refermer le passage de l'air dans la cheminée,
et à l'extrémité inférieure du corps cylindrique (1) duquel se trouve une partie ou
ailette (10) destinée à couvrir la partie de la base sphérique (3) de sorte que
- la base sphérique (3) est fixée à l'aide de charnières pour l'inclinaison du plafond,
elle est pourvue à cet effet d'une ailette périphérique plane (3.1) permettant l'union
de cette base au plafond et
- d'autre part, la forme d'une capsule sphérique du boîtier présente une découpe circulaire
sans fin proportionnée afin de ne pas avoir à la recouper pour chaque inclinaison
de plafond
- le déflecteur sphérique (2) s'appuie sur des supports (6) qui présentent une forme
en « Z » ou similaire, qui aide à la formation en spirale de l'air et son échappement
tangentiel. Ces supports (6) sont assemblés au déflecteur sphérique par soudure et
sont distribués régulièrement avec un angle supérieur à 90°, permettant ainsi, la
formation d'air en spirale pour se terminer de manière tangentielle à l'extrémité.
2. Dispositif de ventilation avec canalisation d'air en spirale selon la revendication
1, caractérisé par le fait que la fenêtre motorisée (5) présente une forme circulaire croisée par un axe circulaire
et un profil à forme ondulée.
3. Dispositif de ventilation à canalisation d'air en spirale selon la revendication 1,
caractérisé par le fait que l'assemblage de la feuille de ventilateur motorisée (7) au corps cylindrique (1)
se réalise au moyen de supports en forme de Z (8) avec des extrémités pliées permettant
de définir des surfaces trapézoïdales (8.1) et (8.2)
4. Dispositif de ventilation à canalisation d'air en spirale selon la revendication 1,
caractérisé par le fait que l'assemblage de la feuille de ventilateur motorisé (7) au corps cylindrique (1) s'effectue
au moyen de supports en forme de U (8) avec leurs extrémités pliées afin de définir
des surfaces trapézoïdales (8.3) et (8.4).
5. Dispositif de ventilation à canalisation d'air en spirale selon la revendication 1,
caractérisé par le fait que le ventilateur motorisé (7) présente un boîtier de branchement (12) installé dans
sa partie inférieure.
6. Dispositif de ventilation à canalisation d'air en spirale selon la revendication 1,
caractérisé par le fait que le câblage (13) qui rejoint le boîtier de branchement (12) du ventilateur motorisé
(7) se déplace à l'intérieur du dispositif.
7. Dispositif de ventilation à canalisation d'air en spirale selon la revendication 1,
caractérisé par le fait que la partie supérieure du corps cylindrique (1) est pourvu de deux brides parallèles
circulaires (14) à la hauteur de la feuille de découpe (9)
8. Dispositif de ventilation à canalisation d'air en spirale selon la revendication 1,
caractérisé par le fait que le déflecteur sphérique (2) est équipé d'un dispositif de prévention de reflux (2.1)
destiné à compenser l'action d'ombre du noyau de la feuille de découpe choisie.
9. Dispositif de ventilation à canalisation d'air en spirale selon la revendication 1,
caractérisé par le fait que le déflecteur sphérique (2) est équipé d'un dispositif de prévention de reflux (2.2)
destiné à compenser l'action d'ombre du noyau de la feuille de découpe choisie