[0001] The present invention relates to a layering unit for carded webs delivered by a feed
unit and to a method for layering said carded webs by means of said layering unit.
[0002] It is common knowledge that the process for obtaining sheets of nonwoven textiles,
generally known simply as nonwovens, consists in placing a web of carded fibers in
several overlapping layers in order to obtain a multilayer of the required thickness,
which is subsequently bonded together by means of a needle punching procedure or other
suitable methods.
[0003] It is also common knowledge that implementing such a layering process poses some
difficulties, due both to the intrinsic features of the carded fiber web and to difficulties
intrinsic in the layering process.
[0004] To be more precise, a first problem consists in the fact that it is difficult to
obtain a uniform thickness because the depositing movement needs to be done at a constant
speed and this is not easy to achieve because the layering is done using a reciprocating
motion.
[0005] Another difficulty stems from the intrinsically fragile nature of the web, which
is easily damaged, especially as a result of the air turbulence induced by the rate
of displacement of the layering unit's moving parts.
[0006] Since industrial-scale production demands a combination of rapid production times
and good quality, layering machines have to be suitably studied to combine a high
rate of production with the contrasting goal of a uniform, defect-free product.
[0007] With a view to achieving said objectives, horizontal layering machines have been
developed, such as the one described in the Patent
IT1213836, which has two conveyor belts wrapped around revolving cylinders, and where at least
two carriages can be identified, i.e. a main retriever carriage and a distributor
carriage.
[0008] Although these layering machines overcome the previously-mentioned practical difficulties,
they also pose certain acknowledged drawbacks.
[0009] One of these drawbacks is that, though they achieve a good production rate, this
is still not sufficient to meet market demands.
[0010] Said production rate cannot be further increased because of the presence of the two
pressure and distribution cylinders lying in contact with the web leaving the distributor
carriage, which are needed to ensure the smooth layering of the web. Any increase
in working speed would make these cylinders create a turbulence that would suffice
to damage the layered web.
[0011] Another drawback stems from the need to add a pair of separator belts between the
layering unit and the layered web in order to protect the latter from the further
turbulence generated by the operation of the layering unit.
[0012] To overcome the speed restriction, there are known layering units, such as the one
described in the
Patent application WO 00/56960, which comprises a distributor carriage and three retriever carriages, two of which
are situated underneath the layering unit.
[0013] Though it enables higher working speeds than the previousty-described solution, this
latter type of layering machine has other drawbacks.
[0014] One of these drawbacks stems from the fact that the high working speed obliges the
revolving cylinders to accelerate to such a degree that cylinders made of lightweight
materials, such as carbon fibers, have to be used.
[0015] A second drawback, again due to the high working speed, lies in that it is impossible
to reduce the ruptures in the carded web to lower levels than those obtainable using
layering devices of the previously-described type.
[0016] A third drawback ties in that the layering unit demands a kinematically complex architecture
and is consequently costly to manufacture in mechanical terms.
[0017] Yet another drawback, due to the above-mentioned kinematic complexity, lies in that
the layering unit carries a high risk of failure of its component parts
[0018] Another kind of layering unit, which is disclosed in the European Patent application no. EP 0 860 531, is provided with a distributor carriage and with two retriever carriages not aligned
with each other that, in some instants, have opposed movements, thus resulting complex
to be manufactured.
[0019] The object of the present invention is to overcome all the above-listed drawbacks
typical of the machines denying from the known state of the art.
[0020] In particular, the first object of the present invention is to produce a unit for
layering carded webs that enables high rates of production white nonetheless retaining
a lesser complexity of construction than the layering devices belonging to the known
state of the art.
[0021] Another object of the invention is to produce a unit for layering carded webs that,
by comparison with equivalent layering units deriving from the known state of the
art, features fewer strains in its component parts.
[0022] A further object of the invention is to produce a unit for layering carded webs that
enables the use of structural parts (e.g. the revolving cylinders) made of conventional
materials.
[0023] Yet another object of the present invention is to produce a unit for layering carded
webs that protects the web from the turbulence generated by the layering unit's kinematics
without the need to add separator belts or partitions between the web and the machine.
[0024] The aforementioned objects are achieved by a unit for layering carded webs delivered
by a feed unit in accordance with the details given in the main claim.
[0025] According to the preferred embodiment of the invention there is a constant distance
between the first retriever cylinder forming part of the first retriever carriage
and the retriever cylinder forming part of the second retriever carriage.
[0026] The layering unit of the invention has at least a part of the first conveyor belt
lying between the distributor carriage and the first retriever carriage and at least
a part of the second conveyor belt lying between the distributor carriage and the
second retriever carriage, said sections of belt moving in directions substantially
coinciding with each other and parallel to the stacking table.
[0027] The previously-mentioned objects are also achieved by a method for layering carded
webs delivered by a feed unit in a layering, unit.
[0028] Advantageously, since the distance between the first retriever carriage and the second
retriever carriage is constant, the sections of the first and second conveyor belts
coming between said carriages and the distributor carriage will always be of limited
length, and always shorter than in equivalent layering machines made according to
the known state of the art.
[0029] Also advantageously, since these sections of conveyor belt protect the layered web
from the air turbulence generated by the layering unit, it is unnecessary to add any
partitions between the layering unit and the layered web.
[0030] Another advantage lies in that, because these sections of belt are always of limited
length, they run no risk of sagging onto the layered web, which can sometimes damage
the end product.
[0031] A further advantage lies in that the movement of the retriever carriages and distributor
carriage in the same direction and in the same sense enables the cylinders to turn
at lower angular velocities and angular accelerations, and consequently with a lower
inertia - for the same production rate - than in layering machines made according
to the known state of the art.
[0032] Yet another advantage lies in the straightforward kinematics of the layering unit
according to the invention, which means a less complex construction than for layering
units made according to the known state of the art and, as a consequence, a lower
cost of manufacture and a greater reliability.
[0033] The aforesaid objects and advantages are better illustrated in the description of
preferred embodiments of the invention, which are provided as non-restrictive examples
with reference to the attached drawings, wherein:
- fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the layering unit according to the invention;
- fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of one embodiment of the layering unit according to
the invention;
- figs. from 3a to 3c show a working sequence of the layering unit according to the
invention;
- figs. from 4a to 4c show a working sequence of an embodiment of the layering unit
according to the invention.
[0034] The unit for layering carded webs
V delivered by a feed unit, forming the object of the present invention, is schematically
illustrated in fig. 1, where it is globally indicated by the numeral
1.
[0035] The unit comprises a first conveyor belt
2 and a second conveyor belt
3, that are each arranged so as to turn a closed loop and with at least a part of one
belt coming over and under the other so as to form a substantially "U" shaped section
4.
[0036] The shaped section
4 creates a channel
5 for guiding the web
V, complete with an inlet
6 and an outlet
7.
[0037] The conveyor belts
2, 3 are wound around a plurality of revolving cylinders
8 that ensure their forward feed and tensioning.
[0038] A stacking table
9 is provided underneath the conveyor belts
2, 3, for collecting the web
V, arranged in layers
F.
[0039] These layers are created by a first retriever carriage
10, a second retriever carriage
13 and a distributor carriage
15.
[0040] The first retriever carriage
10 includes a structure supporting a first retriever cylinder
11 for the first conveyor belt
2 and the second conveyor belt
3, coinciding with the bottom
4a of the U-shaped section
4, and a pair of second retriever cylinders
12 for the first conveyor belt
2.
[0041] The second retriever carriage
13 comprises a structure supporting a retriever cylinder
14 for the second conveyor belt
3.
[0042] The distributor carriage
15 includes a structure supporting a first winding distributor cylinder
16 for the first conveyor belt
2 and a pair of second winding distributor cylinders
17 for the second conveyor belt
3, said first and second distributor cylinders
16, 17 forming the outlet
7 from the web-guiding channel
5.
[0043] According to the invention, the distributor carriage
15 is situated in between the retriever carriages
10, 13.
[0044] According to the preferred embodiment of the invention, the retriever carriages
10, 13 and the distributor carriage
15 move along a path
X parallel to the stacking table
9 and, when in motion, said retriever carriages
10, 13 always move in the same direction as the distributor carriage
15.
[0045] There is a constant distance separating the first retriever cylinder
11 forming part of the first retriever carriage
10, and the retriever cylinder
14 forming part of the second retriever carriage
13.
[0046] The first conveyor belt
2 has a section
20 coming between the distributor carriage
15 and the first retriever carriage
10; to be more precise, as shown in fig. 1, said section
20 comes between the first distributor cylinder
16 in the distributor carriage
15 and the pair of second retriever cylinders
12 in the first retriever carriage
10.
[0047] Similarly, the second conveyor belt
3 has a section
21 coming between the distributor carriage
15 and the second retriever carriage
13; to be more precise, said section
21 comes between the pair of second distributor cylinders
17 forming part of the distributor carriage
15 and the retriever cylinder
14 forming part of the second retriever carriage
13.
[0048] Said sections
20, 21 of the first conveyor belt
2 and second conveyor belt
3 follow a path
Y parallel to the stacking table
9 and form a surface that separates the inside of the layering unit
1 from the web
V arranged in layers
F.
[0049] This has the advantage of separating the layering unit
1 from the web
V arranged in layers
F, thereby protecting the latter from the turbulence generated by the movements of the
layering unit
1, with no need to add any further protective partitions.
[0050] Fig. 1 also shows that the web-guiding channel
5 has a section
22 following a path
Z leading to the stacking table
9 containing the layered web
V.
[0051] Said section
22 slopes downwards and is needed to bring the web
V from the feed area
18 to the distributor carriage
15.
[0052] The movement of the retriever carriages
10, 13 and distributor carriage
15 is assured by means of two distinct motors, which are electronically synchronized
by means of an electronic control unit.
[0053] This offers the advantage of avoiding the need to use mechanical drive shafts, thus
further reducing the inertia in the layering unit.
[0054] It also carries the advantages of a further improvement in the performance and reduction
in the complexity of the servicing needs for the layering unit according to the invention.
[0055] According to one embodiment, illustrated in fig. 2 and globally indicated by the
numeral
100, the first retriever carriage
110 comprises a first retriever half-carriage
130, that includes the first retriever cylinder
111, and a second retriever half-carriage
131 that includes the pair of second retriever cylinders
112.
[0056] In this embodiment, the section
120 of the first conveyor belt
102 comes between the distributor carriage
115 and the second retriever carriage
131, the latter being positioned alongside the first half-carriage
130 on the side opposite the distributor carriage
115.
[0057] In operating terms, the carded web
V, delivered by the feed unit is laid on the second conveyor belt
3, which, in moving forward, carries the web inside the guiding channel
5 through the inlet
6.
[0058] As it moves along inside the guiding channel
5, the web
V is protected by the first conveyor belt
2 extending above it.
[0059] As the conveyor belts
2, 3 move forward, the web
V covers the descending section
22 of the guiding channel
5, reversing the direction in which it travels when it reaches the bottom
4a of the U-shaped section
4 and finally coming up to the distributor carriage
15, from where it exits in a vertical direction, through the outlet
7, to become arranged in layers
F on the stacking table
9.
[0060] The sequence of figures from
3a to
3c shows a succession of moments in the working cycle of the layering unit
1 according to the invention, specifically showing that the first retriever carriage
10 and the second retriever carriage
13 move along the same path
X and in the same direction due to the movement of the distributor carriage
15.
[0061] Said movement in the same direction of the retriever carriages
10, 13 and of the distributor carriage
15 offers the advantage that the acceleration of the cylinders, when they change direction
in the normal layering procedure, is lower than in equivalent layering machines made
according to the known state of the art, wherein the retriever carriages are either
fixed or they have a reciprocating motion with respect to the distributor carriage.
[0062] This enables a reduction in the inertia, and consequently allows for the use of conventional
materials for the construction of the component parts of the layering unit 1.
[0063] In addition, the retriever carriages
10, 13 are distinctive in that they have the same rate of displacement, so that the distance
between them remains constant.
[0064] This means that the distances between said retriever carriages
10, 13 and the distributor carriage
15 remain limited, since the latter has a higher rate of displacement.
[0065] This is due particularly to the fact that the distributor carriage
15 is always situated in between the two retriever carriages
10, 13.
[0066] As a result, there is the particular advantage that the sections
20, 21 of the conveyor belts
2, 3 are always short and the risk of their sagging, which could damage the web
V being arranged in layers
F is thus avoided.
[0067] Moreover, there is the advantage that, for the same risk of sagging, longer layers
of web can be obtained.
[0068] The mobility of the first retriever carriage
10 also means that the descending section
22 of the web-guiding channel 5 has a gradient that varies with the movement of the
first retriever carriage
10 and is always less than the gradient of the corresponding descending section of similar
layering machines made according to the known state of the art.
[0069] Since the gradient of the descending sections is one of the causes of web damage,
this means there is the advantage that the descending section of the layering unit
according to the present invention carries a lower risk of damaging the web than the
corresponding descending sections of known layering units.
[0070] As for the embodiment involving the division of the first retriever carriage
110 into two half-carriages
130, 131, the advantages become apparent at the two points where the direction in which they
move is reversed.
[0071] The point on the right-hand side where the direction of movement is reversed is shown
in the operating sequence shown in figs. from 4a to 4c.
[0072] According to the preferred embodiment described herein, at this reversing point,
when the first retriever half-carriage
130 and the second retriever carriage
113 stop, the distributor carriage
115 and the second retriever half-carriage
131 are still decelerating, the latter with a more accentuated deceleration than the
distributor carriage
115.
[0073] When the distributor carriage
115, the second retriever carriage
113 and the first retriever half-carriage
130 move on, while the second retriever half-carriage
131 remains at a standstill, the distributor carriage
115 accelerates less than the second retriever carriage
113 or the first retriever half-carriage
130.
[0074] As a result, at the point where the direction is reversed, the second retriever half-carriage
131, together with the distributor carriage
115, performs a relative movement, with respect to the first retriever half-carriage
130 and to the second retriever carriage
113, that creates a sort of magazine for the conveyor belts
102, 103 and for the web
V.
[0075] In fact, we know that the conveyor belts
102, 103 and the web
V proceed at a constant rate, while the carriages
110, 113 and
115 must stop and change direction every time they reach an edge of the layers
F.
[0076] Said situation poses a risk of the web piling up and this is generally prevented
by adding kinematic devices of known type.
[0077] To further reduce the structural complexity and increase the productivity of the
layering unit according to the present invention by comparison with known layering
units, said kinematic devices are eliminated in the embodiment described herein by
dividing the first retriever carriage
110 into two retriever half-carriages
130, 131 so as to create the aforesaid magazine.
[0078] In fact, as shown in the operating sequence illustrated in figs. 4a to 4c, when the
direction of movement is reversed, the distance
L1 between the first retriever half-carriage
130 and the second retriever half-carriage
131 is shortened until it reaches the distance
L2.
[0079] At the same time, the section 140 of the web-guiding channel 105 is extended by a
length
L1-L2, thus taking up the extra web.
[0080] Once the direction has changed, said extra web is released.
[0081] At the second point where the direction changes, i.e. on the left-hand side, the
sequence is repeated in the same way.
[0082] To be more precise, when the second retriever half-carriage
131 stops, the distributor carriage
115, the first retriever half-carriage
130 and the second retriever carriage
113 are still decelerating, since the latter have a more accentuated deceleration than
the distributor carriage
115.
[0083] When the distributor carriage
115 and the second retriever half-carriage
131 move on again, while the second retriever carriage
113 and the first retriever half-carriage
130 are still not moving, the distributor carriage
115 accelerates less than the second retriever half-carriage
131.
[0084] Here again, therefore, at the point where the direction changes, the second retriever
half-carriage
131, together with the distributor carriage
115, performs a relative movement, with respect to the first retriever half-carriage
130 and to the second retriever carriage
113, that again creates a sort of magazine for the conveyor belts
102, 103 and for the web
V.
[0085] The above movements are described simply as a non-restrictive example.
[0086] In fact, various operating sequences can be used, all of which share the feature
of achieving a relative movement between the two half-carriages, together with the
distributor carriage and the second retriever carriage, so as to create a virtual
magazine between the half-carriages and the distributor carriage.
[0087] In the light of the above, the unit for layering carded web according the present
invention achieves all the established objects.
[0088] In particular, thanks to the movement of the first and second retriever carriages,
the unit for layering carded webs according to the present invention achieves the
object of enabling a high rate of production while retaining a low rate of rotation
of the cylinders forming part of said carriages.
[0089] This means that the invention achieves the object of ensuring that cylinders made
of steel or other standard materials can be installed in the layering unit, which
is not the case of layering units of known type, because of the high speeds involved.
[0090] The unit for layering carded webs according to the present invention also achieves
the object of being particularly reliable, thanks to its global structural simplicity.
[0091] To be more precise, the unit for layering carded webs according to the present invention
achieves the object of enabling high processing speeds while nonetheless retaining
a lesser complexity of construction than layering machines made according to the known
state of the art.
[0092] Thanks to its low inertia and simplified kinematics, the unit for layering carded
webs according to the present invention also achieves the object of not submitting
any of its components to severe stresses and thereby causing their failure.
[0093] Finally, thanks to the sections of the two conveyor belts coming between the layering
unit and the layered web, the unit for layering carded webs according to the present
invention achieves the object of protecting the web from the turbulence generated
by the kinematics of the layering unit without the need to add separator belts or
partitions between the web and the machine.
[0094] In the industrial engineering stage, the unit for layering carded webs according
to the present invention may be modified and further embodiments may be developed
that will still be protected by the present patent, provided that they come within
the concept of the present invention as defined by the claims, even if they are not
illustrated in the drawings or described herein.
1. Layering unit (1; 100) for carded webs (V) delivered by a feed unit, of the type comprising:
- at least one first conveyor belt (2; 102) and at least one second conveyor belt
(3; 103), both arranged so as to turn in a closed loop, with at least a part of one
belt coming over and under the other so as to form a substantially "U" shape (4; 104)
and thereby creating a channel (5; 105) for guiding said web (V) with an inlet (6;
106) and an outlet (7; 107);
- a plurality of revolving cylinders (8; 108), whereon said conveyor belts (2, 3;
102, 103) are wound and suitable for ensuring their forward feed and tensioning;
- a stacking table (9; 109) placed underneath said conveyor belts (2, 3; 102, 103)
and suitable for collecting said web (V) arranged in layers (F);
- at least one first retriever carriage (10; 110) comprising a structure supporting
at least one first retriever cylinder (11; 111) for said first and said second conveyor
belts (2, 3; 102, 103), in line with the bottom (4a; 104a) of said U-shaped section
(4; 104), and at least one second retriever cylinder (12; 112) for said first conveyor
belt (2; 102);
- at least one second retriever carriage (13; 113) comprising a structure supporting
at least one retriever cylinder (14; 114) for said second conveyor belt (3; 103);
- at least one distributor carriage (15; 115) comprising a structure supporting at
least one first winding distributor cylinder (16; 116) for said first conveyor belt
(2; 102) and at least one second winding distributor cylinder (17; 117) for said second
conveyor belt (3; 103), said first and second distributor cylinders (16, 17; 116,
117) forming said outlet (7; 107) from said web-guiding channel (5; 105),
characterized in that said distributor carriage (15; 115) is situated in between said at least one first
retriever carriage (10; 110) and said at least one second retriever carriage (13;
113)
said retriever carriages (10, 13; 110, 113) and said distributor carriage (15; 115)
moving along a path (X) parallel to
said stacking table
(9; 109), said retriever carriages (10, 13; 110,113) always moving in the same direction
as said distributor carriage (15; 115).
2. Layering unit (1;100) as in claim 1) characterized in that it has a plurality of motors suitable for driving said retriever carriages (10, 13;
110, 113) and said distributor carriage (15; 115) along said path (X).
3. Layering unit (1) as in claim 1) characterized in that there is a constant distance between said first retriever cylinder (11) forming part
of said first retriever carriage (10) and said retriever cylinder (14) forming part
of said second retriever carriage (13).
4. Layering unit (1) as in claim 1) characterized in that said first conveyor belt (2) has at least a section (20) coming between said distributor
carriage (15) and said first retriever carriage (10), and in that said second conveyor belt (3) has at least a section (21) coming between said distributor
carriage (15) and said second retriever carriage (13).
5. Layering unit (100) as in claim 1) characterized in that said first retriever carriage (110) is composed of a first retriever half-carriage
(130) including at least said first retriever cylinder (111), and a second retriever
half-carriage (131), including at least said second retriever cylinder (112).
6. Layering unit (100) as in claim 5) characterized in that said first and second retriever half-carriages (130, 131) are placed side by side,
said first retriever half-carriage (130) being situated in between said second retriever
half-carriage (131) and said distributor carriage (115).
7. Layering unit (100) as in claims 5) characterized in that said first conveyor belt (102) has at least a section (120) coming between said distributor
carriage (115) and said second retriever half-carriage (131), and in that said second conveyor belt (103) has at least a section (121) coming between said
distributor carriage (115) and said second retriever carriage (113).
8. Layering unit (1; 100) as in claim 4) or 7) characterized in that said sections (20, 21; 120, 121) of said first conveyor belt (2; 102) and said second
conveyor belt (3; 103) follow paths (Y) substantially parallel to said stacking table
(9; 109).
9. Layering unit (1; 100) as in claim 1) characterized in that said web-guiding channel (5; 105) has at least a section (22; 122) on a path (Z)
leading to said stacking table (9).
10. Method for layering carded webs (V) delivered by a feed unit to a layering unit (1;
100) of the type comprising:
- at least one first conveyor belt (2; 102) and at least one second conveyor belt
(3;103), both arranged so as to turn in a closed loop, with at least a part of one
belt coming over and under the other so as to form a substantially "U" shape (4;104)
and thereby creating a channel (5;105) for guiding said web (V) with an inlet (6;106)
and an outlet (7;107);
- a plurality of revolving cylinders (8;108), whereon said conveyor belts (2,3; 102,
103) ard wound and suitable for ensuring their forward feed and tensioning;
- a stacking table (9;109) placed undermeath said conveyor belts (2,3; 102,103) and
suitable for collecting said web (V) arranged in layers (F);
- at least ond first retriever carriage (10;110) comprising a structure supporting
at least one first retriever cylinder (11;111) for said first and said second conveyor
belts (2,3; 102;103), in line with the bottom (4a;104a) of said U-shaped section (4;104),
and at least one second retriever cylinder (12;112) for said first conveyor belt (2;102);
- at least one second retriever carriage (13;113) comprising a structure supporting
at least one retriever cylinder (14;114) for said second conveyor belt (3;103);
- at least one distributor carriage (15;115) comprising a strucutre supporting at
least one first winding distributor cylinder (16;116) for said first conveyor belt
(2;102) and at least one second winding distributor cylinder (17;117) for said second
conveyor belt (3;103), said first and second distributor cylinders (16,17;116,117)
forming said outlet (7;107) from said web-guiding channel (5;105),
characterized in that said retriever carriages (10,13;110,113) and said distributor carriage (15;115) move
along a path (X) parallel to said stacking table (9;109) and always in the same direction,
said distributor carriage (15;115) being situated in between said at least one first
retriever carriage (10;110) and said at least one second retriever carriage (13;113).
11. Method as in claim 10) characterized in that the speed variations along said path (X) of said first retriever cylinder (11;111)
in said first retriever carriage (10;110) are always the same as the speed variations
along said path (X) of said retriever cylinder (14;114) in said second retriever carriage
(13;113).
12. Method as in claim 10) characterized in that the speed variationsalong said path (X) of said first retriever cylinder (11; 111)
in said first retriever carriage (10; 110)..and of said retriever cylinder (14; .1,14)
in said second retriever carriage (13; 113) are greater than the speed variations
along said path (X) of said distributor carriage (15; 115) when said second retriever
cylinder (12; 112) in said first retriever carriage (10; 110) stops on its way along
said path (X).
13. Method as in claim 10) characterized in that the speed variations along said path (X) of said second retriever cylinder (12; 112)
in said first retriever carriage (10; 110) are greater than the speed variations along
said path (X) of said distributor carriage (15; 115) when said first retriever cylinder
(11; 111) in said first retriever carriage (10: 110) and said retriever cylinder (14;
114) in said second retriever carriage (13; 113) stop on their way along said path
(X).
14. Method as in claim 10) characterized in that the gradient of at least a section (22; 122) of said web-guiding channel (5;
105) is variable in time, said section (22; 122) moving in a path (Z) substantially
leading to said stacking table (9; 109).
1. Schichtlegeeinheit (1; 100) für kardierte Gewebsbahnen (V), die von einer Vorschubeinheit
zugeführt werden, umfassend:
- zumindest einen ersten Fördergurt (2; 102) und zumindest einen zweiten Fördergurt
(3; 103), die jeweils so angeordnet sind, dass sie in einer geschlossenen Schleife
umlaufen, wobei zumindest ein Teil eines Gurts unterhalb und oberhalb des anderen
verläuft, um im Wesentlichen eine U-Form (4; 104) zu formen und dadurch einen Kanal
(5; 105) zum Führen der Gewebsbahn (V) mit einem Eingang (6; 106) und einem Ausgang
(7; 107) auszubilden;
- eine Vielzahl an rotierenden Zylindern (8; 108), um welche die Fördergurte (2, 3;
102; 103) herumgelegt sind und die dazu geeignet sind, den Vorschub und die Spannung
dieser zu gewährleisten;
- einen Stapeltisch (9; 109), der unterhalb der Fördergurte (2, 3; 102, 103) angeordnet
ist und dazu geeignet ist, die in Schichten (F) angeordnete Gewebsbahn (V) aufzunehmen;
- zumindest einen ersten Rückführungsschlitten (10; 110), umfassend eine Struktur,
die zumindest einen ersten Rückführungszylinder (11; 111) für den ersten und den zweiten
Fördergurt (2, 3; 102, 103) in Übereinstimmung mit der Sohle (4a; 104a) des U-förmigen
Abschnitts (4; 104) sowie zumindest einen zweiten Rückführungszylinder (12; 112) für
den ersten Fördergurt (2; 102) trägt;
- zumindest einen zweiten Rückführungsschlitten (13; 113), umfassend eine Struktur,
die zumindest einen Rückführungszylinder (14; 114) für den zweiten Fördergurt (3;
103) trägt;
- zumindest einen Verteilerschlitten (15; 115), umfassend eine Struktur, die zumindest
einen ersten Abroll-Verteilerzylinder (16; 116) für den ersten Fördergurt (2; 102)
und zumindest einen zweiten Abroll-Verteilerzylinder (17; 117) für den zweiten Fördergurt
(3; 103) trägt, wobei der erste und der zweite Verteilerzylinder (16, 17; 116, 117)
den Ausgang (7; 107) aus dem Gewebsbahn-Führungskanal (5; 105) bilden,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Verteilerschlitten (15; 115) zwischen dem zumindest einen ersten Rückführungsschlitten
(10; 110) und dem zumindest einen zweiten Rückführungsschlitten (13; 113) angeordnet
ist, wobei sich die Rückführungsschlitten (10, 13; 110, 113) und der Verteilerschlitten
(15; 115) entlang einem parallel zum Stapeltisch (9; 109) verlaufenden Pfad (X) bewegen,
wobei sich die Rückführungsschlitten (10, 13; 110, 113) immer in dieselbe Richtung
wie der Verteilerschlitten (15; 115) bewegen.
2. Schichtlegeeinheit (1; 100) nach Anspruch 1), dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass diese eine Vielzahl an Motoren aufweist, die zum Antrieb der Rückführungsschlitten
(10, 13; 110, 113) und des Verteilerschlittens (15; 115) entlang dem Pfad (X) geeignet
sind.
3. Schichtlegeeinheit (1) nach Anspruch 1), dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass zwischen dem ersten Rückführungszylinder (11), der einen Teil des ersten Rückführungsschlittens
(10) bildet, und dem Rückführungszylinder (14), der einen Teil des zweiten Rückführungsschlittens
(13) bildet, ein konstanter Abstand vorliegt.
4. Schichtlegeeinheit (1) nach Anspruch 1), dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der erste Fördergurt (2) zumindest einen Abschnitt (20) aufweist, der zwischen dem
Verteilerschlitten (15) und dem ersten Rückführungsschlitten (10) liegt, und dass
der zweite Fördergurt (3) zumindest einen Abschnitt (21) aufweist, der zwischen dem
Verteilerschlitten (15) und den zweiten Rückführungsschlitten (13) liegt.
5. Schichtlegeeinheit (100) nach Anspruch 1), dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der erste Rückführungsschlitten (110) aus einem ersten Rückführungs-Halbschlitten
(130), der zumindest den ersten Rückführungszylinder (111) umfasst, und einem zweiten
Rückführungs-Halbschlitten (131), der zumindest den zweiten Rückführungszylinder (112)
umfasst, besteht.
6. Schichtlegeeinheit (100) nach Anspruch 5), dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der erste und der zweite Rückführungs-Halbschlitten (130, 131) nebeneinander platziert
sind, wobei der erste Rückführungs-Halbschlitten (130) zwischen dem zweiten Rückführungs-Halbschlitten
(131) und dem Verteilerschlitten (115) angeordnet ist.
7. Schichtlegeeinheit (100) nach Anspruch 5), dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der erste Fördergurt (102) zumindest einen Abschnitt (120) aufweist, der zwischen
dem Verteilerschlitten (115) und dem zweiten Rückführungs-Halbschlitten (131) liegt,
und dass der zweite Fördergurt (103) zumindest einen Abschnitt (121) aufweist, der
zwischen dem Verteilerschlitten (115) und dem zweiten Rückführungsschlitten (113)
liegt.
8. Schichtlegeeinheit (1; 100) nach Anspruch 4) oder 7), dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Abschnitte (20, 21; 120, 121) des ersten Fördergurts (2; 102) und des zweiten
Fördergurts (3; 103) Pfaden (Y) folgen, die im Wesentlichen parallel zum Stapeltisch
(9; 109) verlaufen.
9. Schichtlegeeinheit (1; 100) nach Anspruch 1), dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Gewebsbahn-Führungskanal (5; 105) zumindest einen Abschnitt (22; 122) auf einem
Pfad (Z) aufweist, der zum Stapeltisch (9) weist.
10. Verfahren zum Schichten von kardierten Gewebsbahnen (V), die von einer Vorschubeinheit
zu einer Schichtlegeeinheit (1; 100) zugeführt werden, die Folgendes umfasst:
- zumindest einen ersten Fördergurt (2; 102) und zumindest einen zweiten Fördergurt
(3; 103), die jeweils so angeordnet sind, dass sie in einer geschlossenen Schleife
umlaufen, wobei zumindest ein Teil eines Gurts unterhalb und oberhalb des anderen
verläuft, um im Wesentlichen eine U-Form (4; 104) zu formen und dadurch einen Kanal
(5; 105) zum Führen der Gewebsbahn (V) mit einem Eingang (6; 106) und einem Ausgang
(7; 107) auszubilden;
- eine Vielzahl an rotierenden Zylindern (8; 108), um welche die Fördergurte (2, 3;
102, 103) herumgelegt sind und die dazu geeignet sind, den Vorschub und die Spannung
dieser zu gewährleisten;
- einen Stapeltisch (9; 109), der unterhalb der Fördergurte (2, 3; 102, 103) angeordnet
ist und dazu geeignet ist, die in Schichten (F) angeordnete Gewebsbahn (V) aufzunehmen;
- zumindest einen ersten Rückführungsschlitten (10; 110), umfassend eine Struktur,
die zumindest einen ersten Rückführungszylinder (11; 111) für den ersten und den zweiten
Fördergurt (2, 3; 102; 103) in Übereinstimmung mit der Sohle (4a; 104a) des U-förmigen
Abschnitts (4; 104) sowie zumindest einen zweiten Rückführungszylinder (12; 112) für
den ersten Fördergurt (2; 102) trägt;
- zumindest einen zweiten Rückführungsschlitten (13; 113), umfassend eine Struktur,
die zumindest einen Rückführungszylinder (14; 114) für den zweiten Fördergurt (3;
103) trägt;
- zumindest einen Verteilerschlitten (15; 115), umfassend eine Struktur, die zumindest
einen ersten Rollverteilerzylinder (16; 116) für den ersten Fördergurt (2; 102) und
zumindest einen zweiten Rollverteilerzylinder (17; 117) für den zweiten Fördergurt
(3; 103) trägt, wobei der erste und der zweite Verteilerzylinder (16, 17; 116, 117)
den Ausgang (7; 107) aus dem Gewebsbahn-Führungskanal (5; 105) bilden,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Rückführungsschlitten (10, 13; 110, 113) und der Verteilerschlitten (15; 115)
sich entlang einem parallel zum Stapeltisch (9; 109) verlaufenden Pfad (X) und immer
in dieselbe Richtung bewegen, wobei der Verteilerschlitten (15; 115) zwischen dem
zumindest einen ersten Rückführungsschlitten (10; 110) und dem zumindest einen zweiten
Rückführungsschlitten (13; 113) angeordnet ist.
11. Verfahren nach Anspruch 10), dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Änderungen der Geschwindigkeit des ersten Rückführungszylinders (11; 111) im
ersten Rückführungsschlitten (10; 110) entlang dem Pfad (X) immer den Änderungen der
Geschwindigkeit des Rückführungszylinders (14; 114) im zweiten Rückführungsschlitten
(13; 113) entlang dem Pfad (X) entsprechen.
12. Verfahren nach Anspruch 10), dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Änderungen der Geschwindigkeit des ersten Rückführungszylinders (11; 111) im
ersten Rückführungsschlitten (10; 110) und des Rückführungszylinders (14; 114) im
zweiten Rückführungsschlitten (13; 113) entlang dem Pfad (X) größer als die Änderungen
der Geschwindigkeit des Verteilerschlittens (15; 115) entlang dem Pfad (X) sind, wenn
der zweite Rückführungszylinder (12; 112) im ersten Rückführungsschlitten (10; 110)
auf seinem Weg entlang dem Pfad (X) stoppt.
13. Verfahren nach Anspruch 10), dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Änderungen der Geschwindigkeit des zweiten Rückführungszylinders (12; 112) im
ersten Rückführungsschlitten (10; 110) entlang dem Pfad (X) größer als die Änderungen
der Geschwindigkeit des Verteilerschlittens (15; 115) entlang dem Pfad (X) sind, wenn
der erste Rückführungszylinder (11; 111) im ersten Rückführungsschlitten (10; 110)
und der Rückführungszylinder (14; 114) im zweiten Rückführungsschlitten (13; 113)
auf ihrem Weg entlang dem Pfad (X) stoppen.
14. Verfahren nach Anspruch 10), dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Gradient von zumindest einem Abschnitt (22; 122) des Gewebsbahn-Führungskanals
(5; 105) über die Zeit variabel ist, wobei sich der Abschnitt (22; 122) in einem Pfad
(Z) bewegt, die im Wesentlichen zum Stapeltisch (9; 109) führt.
1. Plieuse (1; 100) pour nappes (V) provenant d'une unité d'alimentation, du type comprenant:
- au moins une première bande transporteuse (2; 102) et au moins une deuxième bande
transporteuse (3; 103), les deux étant positionnées en forme d'anneau fermé, avec
au moins une partie d'une bande passant en dessus et en dessous de l'autre selon une
forme essentiellement en "U" (4; 104) et indiquées pour définir un canal (5; 105)
avec une entrée (6; 106) et une sortie (7; 107) apte à guider ladite nappe (V);
- une pluralité de cylindres pivotants (8; 108) sur lesquels sont enroulées lesdites
bandes transporteuses (2, 3; 102, 103) et indiqués pour garantir leur avance et tensionnement;
- une table d'empilage (9; 109) positionnée sous lesdites bandes transporteuses (2,
3; 102, 103) et indiquée pour recueillir ladite nappe (V) disposée en couches (F);
- au moins un premier chariot de récupération (10; 110) comprenant une structure supportant
au moins un premier cylindre de récupération (11; 111) pour ladite première et ladite
deuxième bandes transporteuses (2, 3; 102, 103), en ligne avec le fond (4a, 104a)
de ladite section en forme de "U" (4; 104), et au moins un deuxième cylindre de récupération
(12; 112) pour ladite première bande transporteuse (2; 102) ;
- au moins un deuxième chariot de récupération (13; 113) comprenant une structure
supportant au moins un cylindre de récupération (14; 114) pour ladite deuxième bande
transporteuse (3; 103);
- au moins un chariot distributeur (15; 115) comprenant une structure supportant au
moins un premier cylindre distributeur d'enroulement (16; 116) pour ladite première
bande transporteuse (2; 102) et au moins un deuxième cylindre distributeur d'enroulement
(17; 117) pour ladite deuxième bande transporteuse (3; 103), lesdits premier et deuxième
cylindres distributeurs (16, 17; 116, 117) formant ladite sortie (7; 107) dudit canal
(5; 105) apte à guider ladite nappe,
caractérisée en ce que le chariot distributeur (15; 115) est situé entre ledit au moins premier chariot
de récupération (10; 110) et ledit au moins deuxième chariot de récupération (13;
113) lesdits chariots de récupération (10, 13; 110, 113) et ledit chariot distributeur
(15; 115) se deplaçant lelong d'une voie (X) parallèle à ladite table d'empilage (9;
109), lesdits chariots de récupération (10, 13; 110, 113) se deplaçant toujours dans
la même direction dudit chariot distributeur (15; 115).
2. Plieuse (1; 100) selon la revendication 1) caractérisée en ce qu'elle est équipée d'une pluralité de moteurs indiqués pour actionner les chariots de
récupération (10, 13; 110, 113) et ledit chariot distributeur (15; 115) le long de
ladite voie (X).
3. Plieuse (1) selon la revendication 1) caractérisée en ce qu'il y a une distance constante entre ledit premier cylindre de récupération (11) qui
forme partie dudit premier chariot de récupération (10) et dudit cylindre de récupération
(14) qui forme partie dudit deuxième chariot de récupération (13).
4. Plieuse (1) selon la revendication 1) caractérisée en ce que ladite première bande transporteuse (2) présente au moins une section (20) se trouvant
entre ledit chariot distibuteur (15) et ledit chariot de récupération (10), et en ce que ladite deuxième bande transporteuse (3) présente au moins une section (21) se trouvant
entre ledit chariot distributeur (15) et ledit deuxième chariot de récupération (13).
5. Plieuse (100) selon la revendication 1) caractérisée en ce que ledit premier chariot de récupération (110) se compose d'un premier demi-chariot
de récupération (130) comprenant au moins un premier cylindre de récupération (111)
et un deuxième demi-chariot de récupération (131) comprenant au moins un deuxième
cylindre de récupération (112).
6. Plieuse (100) selon la revendication 5) caractérisée en ce que lesdits premier et deuxième demi-chariots (130, 131) sont positionnés l'un à côté
de l'autre, ledit premier demi-chariot de récupération (130) étant situé entre ledit
deuxième demi-chariot de récupération (131) et ledit chariot distributeur (115).
7. Plieuse (100) selon la revendication 5) caractérisée en ce que ladite première bande transporteuse (102) présente au moins une section (120) se
trouvant entre ledit chariot distributeur (115) et ledit deuxième demi-chariot de
récupération (131), et en ce que ladite deuxième bande transporteuse (103) présente au moins une section (121) se
trouvant entre ledit chariot distributeur (115) et ledit deuxième chariot de récupération
(113).
8. Plieuse (1; 100) selon la revendication 4) ou 7) caractérisée en ce que lesdites sections (20, 21; 120, 121) de ladite première bande transporteuse (2; 102)
et de ladite deuxième bande transporteuse (3; 103) suivent des voies (Y) essentiellement
parallèles à ladite table d'empilage (9; 109).
9. Plieuse (1; 100) selon la revendication 1) caractérisée en ce que ledit canal (5; 105) apte à guider la nappe présente au moins une section (22; 122)
sur une voie (Z) qui amène à ladite table d'empilage (9).
10. Méthode pour le pliage de nappes (V) provenant d'une unité d'alimentation vers une
plieuse (1; 100) du type comprenant:
- au moins une première bande transporteuse (2; 102) et au moins une deuxième bande
transporteuse (3; 103), les deux étant positionnées en forme d'anneau fermé, avec
au moins une partie d'une bande passant en dessus et en dessous de l'autre selon une
forme essentiellement en "U" (4; 104) et indiquées pour définir un canal (5; 105)
avec une entrée (6; 106) et une sortie (7; 107) apte à guider ladite nappe (V);
- une pluralité de cylindres pivotants (8; 108) sur lesquels sont enroulées lesdites
bandes transporteuses (2, 3; 102, 103) et indiqués pour garantir leur avance et tensionnement;
- une table d'empilage (9; 109) positionnée sous lesdites bandes transporteuses (2,
3; 102, 103) et indiquée pour recueillir ladite nappe (V) disposée en couches (F);
- au moins un premier chariot de récupération (10; 110) comprenant une structure supportant
au moins un premier cylindre de récupération (11; 111) pour ladite première et ladite
deuxième bandes transporteuses (2, 3; 102, 103), en ligne avec le fond (4a, 104a)
de ladite section en forme de "U" (4; 104), et au moins un deuxième cylindre de récupération
(12; 112) pour ladite première bande transporteuse (2; 102);
- au moins un deuxième chariot de récupération (13; 113) comprenant une structure
supportant au moins un cylindre de récupération (14; 114) pour ladite deuxième bande
transporteuse (3; 103);
- au moins un chariot distributeur (15; 115) comprenant une structure supportant au
moins un premier cylindre distributeur d'enroulement (16; 116) pour ladite première
bande transporteuse (2; 102) et au moins un deuxième cylindre distributeur d'enroulement
(17; 117) pour ladite deuxième bande transporteuse (3; 103), lesdits premier et deuxième
cylindres distributeurs (16, 17; 116, 117) formant ladite sortie (7; 107) dudit canal
(5; 105) apte à guider ladite nappe,
caractérisée en ce que lesdits chariots de récupération (10, 13; 110, 113) et ledit chariot distributeur
(15; 115) se déplacent le long d'une voie (X) parallèle à ladite table d'empilage
(9; 109) et toujours dans la même direction, ledit chariot distributeur (15; 115)
étant situé entre ledit premier chariot de récupération (10; 110) et ledit au moins
deuxième chariot de récupération (13; 113).
11. Méthode selon la revendication 10) caractérisée en ce que lesdites variations de vitesse le long de ladite voie (X) dudit premier cylindre
de récupération (11; 111) dans ledit premier chariot de récupération (10; 110) sont
toujours égales aux variations de vitesse le long de ladite voie (X) dudit cylindre
de récupération (14; 114) dans ledit deuxième chariot de récupération (13; 113).
12. Méthode selon la revendication 10) caractérisée en ce que les variations de vitesse le long de ladite voie (X) dudit premier cylindre de récupération
(11; 111) dans ledit premier chariot de récupération (10; 110) et dudit cylindre de
récupération (14; 114) dans ledit deuxième chariot de récupération (13; 113) sont
plus grandes que les variations de vitesse le leong de ladite voie (X) dudit chariot
distributeur (15; 115) quand ledit deuxième cylindre de récupération (12; 112) dans
ledit premier chariot de récupération (10; 110) arrête sa course le leong de ladite
voie (X).
13. Méthode selon la revendication 10) caractérisée en ce que les variations de vitesse le leong de ladite voie (X) dudit deuxième cylindre de
récupération (12; 112) dans ledit premier chariot de récupération (10; 110) sont plus
grandes que les variations de vitesse le leong de ladite voie (X) dudit chariot distributeur
(15; 115) quand ledit premier cylindre de récupération (11; 111) dans ledit premier
chariot de récupération (10; 110) et ledit cylindre de récupération (14; 114) dans
ledit deuxième chariot de récupération (13; 113) arrêtent leur course le leong de
ladite voie (X).
14. Méthode selon la revendication 10) caractérisée en ce que la pente d'au moins une section (22; 122) dudit canal (5; 105) apte à guider la nappe
varie dans le temps, ladite section (22; 122) se déplaçant dans une voie (Z) qui amène
essentiellement à ladite table d'empilage (9; 109).