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EP 1 936 035 B1 |
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EUROPEAN PATENT SPECIFICATION |
(45) |
Mention of the grant of the patent: |
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18.11.2009 Bulletin 2009/47 |
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Date of filing: 07.12.2007 |
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International Patent Classification (IPC):
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Panels with antinoise and antifragmentation properties on the basis of acrylic glass,
process for their preparation and use thereof
Tafel mit Lärm- und Splitterschutzeigenschaften auf der Basis von Kunstglas, Verfahren
zu ihrer Herstellung und Verwendung dafür
Panneaux avec propriétés anti-bruit et anti-fragmentation sur la base de verre acrylique,
leur processus de préparation et utilisation correspondante
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Designated Contracting States: |
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AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MT NL PL PT RO
SE SI SK TR |
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Designated Extension States: |
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AL BA HR MK RS |
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Priority: |
22.12.2006 SI 200600290
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Date of publication of application: |
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25.06.2008 Bulletin 2008/26 |
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Proprietor: Akripol proizvodnja in predelava polimerov, d.d. |
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8210 Trebnje (SI) |
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Inventors: |
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- Japelj, Bostjan
8000 Novo mesto (SI)
- Krvavica, Robert
8000 Novo mesto (SI)
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Representative: Redensek, Vladimira |
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Patentna Pisarna d.o.o.
Copova 14
P.O. Box 1725 1001 Ljubljana 1001 Ljubljana (SI) |
(56) |
References cited: :
EP-A- 1 008 692 DE-C1- 3 824 077
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WO-A-00/20690
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Note: Within nine months from the publication of the mention of the grant of the European
patent, any person may give notice to the European Patent Office of opposition to
the European patent
granted. Notice of opposition shall be filed in a written reasoned statement. It shall
not be deemed to
have been filed until the opposition fee has been paid. (Art. 99(1) European Patent
Convention).
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Technical field of the invention
[0001] The present invention relates to panels on the basis of polymethylmethacrylate (so
called acrylic glass) with embedded reinforcing polymer monofilament fibres in the
form of a three-dimensional fibre entanglement, wherein the reinforcing polymer monofilament
fibres are embedded into the polymethylmethacrylate matrix in such a manner that they
are oriented in all directions and distributed apparently uniformly in all directions,
so that the fibres are apparently uniformly distributed essentially throughout the
entire cross-section of the panel i.e. throughout its entire volume. The present invention
also relates to a process for manufacturing such panels and to the use thereof.
[0002] The present invention particularly relates to transparent panels on the basis of
polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA), into which polyacryl monofilament fibres in the form
of a three-dimensional entanglement or a non-woven fabric are embedded apparently
uniformly essentially throughout the entire cross-section of the panel or throughout
its entire volume. These panels are particularly suitable as antinoise elements for
noise barriers on highways, bridges, viaducts and similar as they also have, due to
the built-in reinforcing polymer monofilament fibres, good antibreaking and antifragmentation
properties in addition to antinoise properties.
Prior Art
[0003] Antinoise panels on the basis of acrylic glass with embedded reinforcing monofilament
threads and their preparation have already been described in
EP 0407852 A2. This document describes panels having, in relation to their cross-section, approximately
centrally placed monofilament threads of plastic material (polyamide) or a grid netting
made of such monofilament threads. These panels are manufactured in such a manner
that monofilament threads with a preferred diameter of 0.2 mm to 2 mm are strained
across a mould, whereupon a prepolymer on the basis of acrylates is poured into the
mould. According to one embodiment the threads are placed parallel to each other with
a distance between the threads from 8 mm to 100 mm, and the threads may also be in
the form of a net (i.e. the threads are placed at an angle of 90°).
[0004] The document
EP 0826832 A2 describes antinoise panels with antifragmentation properties made of acrylic polymers
and with embedded monofilament threads which, however, are not placed centrally with
respect to the cross-section of the panel. It is described in the document that the
threads are placed at a thickness between 20 and 35% of the total thickness of the
panel and towards the surface opposite to the surface exposed to vehicles running
into it. Thus, due to the position of the fibres, it is important which surface of
the panel is exposed to crashes and impacts and the panel can be defined as a "two-sided"
one with regard to its mechanical properties - one side of the panel is essentially
more reinforced against mechanical stresses than the other. It is also described that
monofilament threads generally have a diameter between 0.1 and 4 mm, preferably between
2 and 3 mm. Threads or bands made of threads are placed at a distance from 10 to 100
mm. Also in this case the included threads have an essentially planar structure (the
threads are in one level) i.e. it is about strained threads, net or bands. The monofilament
threads are strained across the mould either parallelly or in the form of bands or
of a net. In the case of bands, they have a width of 5-25 mm and a thickness equal
to that of the monofilament threads they are made of. The document neither describes
in which manner the threads are built-in into the panel nor in which manner an appropriate
position of the built-in threads in the course of the manufacturing process or at
the polymerisation of PMMA is achieved.
[0005] Also
EP 1119662 B1 (
WO 00/20690 A1) describes antinoise panels made of acrylic glass with monofilament threads embedded
into the acrylic matrix with the aim of improving the antifragmentation properties
of the panels and which have a maximal deviation of 1 mm or more, preferably 5 mm
from an imaginary line running through the ends of this thread. The polyamide or polypropylene
threads can be inserted into the panel transversely or parallelly to the plane of
the panel. The threads can be embedded into the panel in such a way that they are
parallel to each other and run in one direction, yet they can also run parallel to
each other in several directions. The diameter of the threads used is from 0.2 to
2.0 mm and the distance between them can be in a range between 8 and 100 mm. In one
of the embodiments the threads are placed in such a manner that a wavy arrangement
of the threads is visible in the cross-section. Also in this case the threads are
arranged parallelly and essentially planarly. From the examples it is evident that
also in this process of manufacturing the panels the threads are inserted into the
panel in such a manner that they are strained through the mould.
[0006] Thus, in the hitherto known prior art solutions threads are embedded into a panel
on the basis of acrylic polymers in such a manner that they are strained through a
mould, whereupon the prepolymer forming a polymer matrix (e.g. PMMA) is poured into
the mould. For straining the threads there is required a mechanism for inserting the
threads and maintaining them in the position from the construction of the mould up
to the end of the curing of polymethylmethacrylate. The threads are strained in a
specific exactly defined order or arrangement, which depends,
inter alia, also on the straining tools, which results in non-enforced parts between parallelly
arranged threads i.e. in places where only PMMA is present. In addition, in the process
of manufacturing the reinforced acrylic panel the straining of the monofilament threads
or net or bands also requires some additional time. Neither is it evident that monofilament
threads would be apparently uniformly arranged throughout the cross-section of the
panel and thus throughout the entire volume of the panel.
Solution to the technical problem and a detailed description of the invention
[0007] The present invention relates to panels on the basis of polymethylmethacrylate with
embedded reinforcing polymer monofilament fibres in the form of a three-dimensional
fibre entanglement, the fibres being embedded into the polymethylmethacrylate matrix
in such a manner that they are oriented in all directions and distributed apparently
uniformly in all directions, so that the fibres are apparently uniformly distributed
essentially throughout the entire cross-section of the panel i.e. its entire volume,
as defined in claim 1.
[0008] The distribution throughout the essentially entire cross-section of the panel i.e.
its entire volume means that the fibre entanglement is distributed throughout at least
90% of its entire cross-section or volume.
[0009] The reinforcing polymer monofilament fibres are embedded into the panel according
to the invention in the form of a three-dimensional fibre entanglement or non-woven
fabric. Thus the panels according to the invention are reinforced in all (three) directions.
So far there have neither been known the existence of panels made of acrylic glass
with embedded three-dimensional fibre entanglements nor the use of three-dimensional
entanglements of polymer fibres in the process for manufacturing reinforced panels
made of acrylic glass in order to reinforce and improve their antifragmentation properties.
[0010] The panels according to the present invention are especially suitable as antinoise
elements (sound barriers) e.g. on highways, bridges, viaducts, they can also be used
in facade building systems, for separation walls, balustrades and similar. Due to
the monofilament fibres embedded into the panel throughout its entire cross-section,
the panels according to the invention have improved antibreaking or antifragmentation
properties as they can, e.g. in case of a vehicle crashing into the antinoise element
along the road, prevent the falling off of any, even small broken particles of the
antinoise element onto the roadway or into the surroundings. The panels according
to the invention may also be used in devices and machines where protection against
the impact of particles is required and where panels made of non-reinforced PMMA or
polycarbonate have hitherto been used for such protection. If a panel with embedded
polymer, preferably polyamide fibres according to the invention should break, the
built-in fibres prevent the formation and the falling-off of any, even small broken
particles since these adhere to the built-in polyamide fibres.
[0011] The present invention also relates to a novel process for manufacturing panels on
the basis of polymethylmethacrylate with embedded reinforcing polymer monofilament
fibres in the form of a three-dimensional fibre entanglement, as defined in claim
10.
[0012] Accordingly, the process for manufacturing the panels according to the invention
runs in such a manner that
- into a partly completed mould, which, on one side, is formed by a tempered glass plate
onto which an appropriate seal is placed,
- reinforcing polymer monofilament fibres in the form of a three-dimensional fibre entanglement
capable of retaining its form over a long time period are placed, whereat the fibres
in this entanglement are oriented in all directions and arranged apparently uniformly
in such a manner that the fibre entanglement is placed across the entire surface of
the partly completed mould,
- whereupon onto thus prepared construction a second tempered glass plate is placed
and the mould is fixed,
- and then into the prepared mould a pre-prepared suitable prepolymer on the basis of
methylmethacrylate is poured,
- which is followed by polymerization and de-moulding phases known in the art so that
finally a polymethylmethacrylate panel with embedded fibres is obtained.
[0013] In the process according to the invention there is no need for holding the inserted
fibres in the mould in order to provide a uniform distribution of the fibres throughout
the entire volume of the final panel since the used three-dimensional fibre entanglement
has a sufficiently high strength for the fibres to remain fixed and not to subside
due to their own weight. A suitable arrangement of the fibres throughout the entire
cross-section of the final panel is achieved by itself due to the thickness of the
entanglement of the polyamide fibres (which is essentially the same as the thickness
of the final product), which are thus distributed essentially throughout the entire
volume of the panel. The process according to the invention does not require additional
straining mechanisms for straining the reinforcing polymer monofilament threads, which
makes the process simpler and also shorter because it does not comprise the phase
of straining the threads.
[0014] Suitable reinforcing monofilament polymer fibres used according to the present invention
can be polyethylene, polycarbonate, polyamide or polypropylene fibres that are previously
formed, e.g. by extrusion, into a three-dimensional fibre entanglement or non-woven
fabric having the capability to retain the shape (thickness and width) throughout
a long period of time. The entanglement is essentially made of endless fibres.
[0015] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, polyamide monofilament fibres
in the form of three-dimensional entanglement, which is a self-standing three-dimensional
formation, are embedded into a panel on the basis of polymethylmethacrylate. The fibres,
preferably polyamide fibres may have a diameter of 0.2 to 2 mm, preferably from 0.5
to 0.8 mm, particularly preferably 0.7 mm.
[0016] The mass of the three-dimensional entanglement of polymer monofilament fibres, preferably
polyamide fibres, which can be used according to the invention, may range from 50
to 1000 g/m
2. In a preferred embodiment the three-dimensional entanglement of polyamide fibres
has a mass between 300 and 500 g/m
2.
[0017] Depending on the final purpose of use of the panels according to the invention, the
panels may have thickness from 3 mm to 100 mm, preferably from 3 to 25 mm.
[0018] In a particularly preferred embodiment of the panel according to the invention, a
fibre entanglement is embedded into the panel with the polyamide fibres having a diameter
of 0.7 mm, the entanglement having a thickness of 13.5 ± 0.5 mm and a weight of 380
± 20 g/m
2, and the final panel having a thickness about 15 mm. In such a case the mass of the
embedded fibres represents about 2.5% of the total mass of the final product.
[0019] Into the panels according to the invention a reinforcing three-dimensional entanglement
made of fibres of all colours can be embedded, which depends on the final purpose
of the use of the product and also on the desired decorative effects. Preferably,
an entanglement of fibres made of colourless (transparent) polyamide fibres is embedded
into the panels. By including an entanglement made of colourless polyamide fibres
into the panel, it is provided that at least 90% of the incident light flow is passed
through the panel since the light may also pass through the reinforcing fibres.
[0020] Due to the different refractive indices of the PMMA matrix and the polyamide fibres
in the product, the light passing through the panel refracts differently. Depending
on the diameter and the interweaving of the fibres in the entanglement embedded into
the PMMA matrix, a sufficient visibility of the reinforcing entanglement in the panel
can be provided by a suitable thickness and density of the fibres, whereby e.g. the
probability for birds crashing into an otherwise transparent antinoise road element
is diminished.
[0021] Due to the uniform distribution of the fibres in all directions and essentially throughout
its entire volume, the panel according to the invention has the two sides with essentially
the same mechanical properties. No so-called two-sidedness i.e. a difference in the
properties of either side of the panel occurs, for which reason at setting up the
panels onto the final object such as an antinoise road element, there is no need for
taking care which side of the panel is directed towards the roadway.
[0022] Due to the uniform distribution of the threads throughout the entire volume of the
panel and the more uniform density of the fibres in each cubic centimetre of the panel,
the tensions occurring in the material at an impact against the panel can be transferred
to a larger number of fibres. Further, we believe that the panel has a higher strength
also due to the fact that the fibres are not "over-strained" i.e. there is no tension
in them as a consequence of previous straining of the threads onto a framework or
a mould in order to incorporate them into the panel. Therefore such a panel can withstand
higher pressures and it can be expected that also small particles forming at a breakage
of the panel will be left hanging on the embedded reinforcing fibres and at panel
brake and will not fall into the surroundings, e.g. onto the roadway if the panels
are used as noise barriers on the road.
[0023] If compared with prior art panels, the panels according to the invention contain
more reinforcing fibres, which are more uniformly distributed throughout the entire
volume of the panel, the impact strength of the panels is improved. The impact strength
takes more uniform values across the entire surface of the panel in comparison to
the hitherto known panels where large non-reinforced gaps are present between parallelly
arranged threads.
[0024] The novel process of manufacturing polymethylmethacrylate panels with embedded reinforcing
polyamide monofilament fibres according to the invention runs, according to a preferred
embodiment of the invention, in such a manner that first a methylmethacrylate monomer
and additives commonly used in the art are dosed into a suitable reactor. The additives
that are used in small amounts and determine the properties of the acrylic glass or
aid in the synthesis are azo and peroxy initiators, redox initiators, plasticizers,
colourants (pigments, colours), de-moulding agents, optical whitening agents, UV stabilizers
and other acrylates and methacrylates, especially butylacrylate, ethylacrylate, 2-ethylhexylacrylate,
acrylic and methacrylic acid.
[0025] In the reactor a prepolymer is prepared in such a way that a polymeryzation reaction
of methylmethacrylate is set off up to a suitable conversion e.g. 10-30%, preferably
15-20%. Usually the reaction is completed in 1.5 hours. The formed prepolymer of high
viscosity is poured into mixing vessels and optionally also colourants and other additives
such as peroxy initiators and cross-linkers are added. Now the prepolymer is prepared
for casting.
[0026] The mould for casting the prepolymer is put together on a mould composing line. First
tempered glass plates, which may be of various dimensions, are appropriately cleaned
and dried. Then on a table for laying the seal, which is preferably on the basis of
polyvinylchloride (PVC), at 3-5 cm from the edge of the glass plate a polyvinylchloride
profile of a suitable thickness is placed. Onto the glass a self-standing three-dimensional
reinforcing entanglement of polymer monofilament fibres is placed and, in the next
phase, onto this construction another tempered glass plate is placed. Thus, a glass
mould with an inserted reinforcing three-dimensional fibre entanglement, preferably
of polyamide fibres, and with a sealing placed at the edge is obtained.
[0027] The prepared prepolymer is gravimetrically dosed and poured into the composed moulds
depending on the desired and required amount. Filled moulds are placed vertically
into special stands. As the three-dimensional entanglement has a sufficient fibre
strength (i.e. is selfstanding), the fibres remain in the original position and do
not subside or move. The stands are placed into water basins with a temperature of
45-60°C. At this temperature the greatest part of polymerisation takes place within
in a period of 5-15 hours.
[0028] The synthesis of the panels is finished in an air oven at a temperature of 100-130°C.
In this phase the polymerisation is completed within a period of 2-5 hours. After
the completed process the moulds are cooled and the panels are taken from the moulds.
[0029] The mechanical properties of the panels are determined by standard tests and methods
established in the art.
[0030] The impact properties of the panels were determined by determining the Charpy impact
toughness according to ISO 179 standard representing the energy required to break
the material.
[0031] Our measurements of toughness according to this standard for the panels according
to the invention and made according to the above novel process showed a 1.7 times
higher value of toughness than for non-reinforced PMMA material. The measurements
of Road and Bridge Institute IBDiM (IBDiM, Instytut Badawczy Dróg I Mostów), Warsaw,
Poland showed, on average, 1.52 times higher values of toughness in comparison to
that of usual PMMA panels. The absolute value of toughness ranged from 19.8 to 22.3
kJ/m
2.
[0032] Due to the improved impact properties of the panels it can be concluded that the
panels according to the invention stand higher impact stresses. This means that they
compensate a higher energy released at impact or crash of vehicles. In our measurements
performed according to the standard EN 1794-1 Annex C - "Test on resistance against
impact of stones", a three times higher value of stone energy was determined than
the one required according to the standard and with regard to non-reinforced PMMA
panels.
[0033] In Figure 1 a panel with embedded reinforcing monofilament polyamide fibres in the
form of a three-dimensional fibre entanglement is illustrated.
[0034] The following examples merely serve to illustrate the present invention and in by
no means represent a limitation of the scope of the invention.
Example 1
Synthesis of a panel on a laboratory scale
[0035] We prepared a mould made of two tempered glasses having a thickness of 5 mm, a width
of 275 mm and a height of 350 mm and of a PVC seal having a thickness of 17 mm. The
seal was laid only at three sides so that the mould was still open at the top. It
was compressed by fix clamps. Into the mould a three-dimensional entanglement of colourless
polyamide fibres Geomat Italgrimp, producer Greenvision Ambiente divizione Italdreni,
Italy was inserted in such a manner that the entanglement essentially covered the
entire surface/volume of the mould. The entanglement had a thickness of 13.5 ± 0.5
mm and a surface of 200 mm x 200 mm. The thickness of single fibres was 0.5 ± 0.03
mm, the mass of the entanglement was 350 ± 20 g/m
2.
[0036] In a reactor a prepolymer was prepared from 1.5 kg of a mixture of monomers of methylmethacrylate
(MMA) and 2-ethylhexylacrylate (2-EHA) and commercially available azo initator. The
mixture was heated under constant stirring to the temperature 92°C and this temperature
was maintained for the entire time of the reaction. After 15 minutes at reaction temperature,
the mixture was cooled to room temperature under constant stirring. The viscosity
of the prepolymer was measured according to Ford: Ford cup φ = 4 mm, prepolymer flow
time at 23°C was 154 s.
[0037] The prepared prepolymer was poured into a cup and, during constant stirring, commercially
available peroxy initiators and the cross linker 1,4-butanedioldimethacrylate (1,4-BDDMA)
were added. The well-stirred mixture was filtered and poured into the prepared mould.
The mould was set into a water bath at 52°C for 12 hours for polymerization to occur.
[0038] Then it was transferred into an air oven at 130°C where postpolymerization took place
for 1 hour. After the completed reaction the mould was cooled to room temperature,
dismantled and a polymethylmethacrylate panel with an embedded reinforcement of polyamide
fibres was taken out. The finished panel had a thickness of 15 mm.
[0039] From this panel a test tube was cut out and the toughness was measured by Charpy
test according to ISO 179. The toughness value was 19.8 ± kJ/m
2.
Example 2
Synthesis of a panel on industrial scale
[0040] Moulds were prepared in a mould-preparation line from two tempered glass plates having
a thickness of 10 mm and a size of 2600 mm x 2100 mm and a PVC seal having a thickness
of 19 mm. The seal was placed on the edge of the bottom glass at approximately 30
mm from the edge and onto the glass a three-dimensional entanglement of colourless
polyamide fibres Geomat Italgrimp, producer Greenvision Ambiente divizione Italdreni,
Italy was placed so that the entanglement essentially covered the entire surface of
the mould. The entanglement had a thickness of 13.5 ± 0.5 mm and a surface of 2000
mm x 2500 mm. The thickness of single fibres was 0.4 ± 0.03 mm, and the mass of the
entanglement was 300 ± 20 g/m
2. Partially finished moulds were covered by the second tempered glass and the moulds
were compressed by fix clamps.
[0041] In a 400L-reactor a prepolymer was prepared from 360 kg of a mixture of monomers
of methylmethacrylate (MMA) and ethylacrylate (EA) and a commercially available azo
initator. The mixture was heated under constant stirring to the temperature 93°C and
this temperature was maintained for the entire time of the reaction. After 10 minutes
at the reaction temperature the mixture was cooled to room temperature under constant
stirring. The viscosity of the prepolymer was measured according to Ford: Ford cup
φ = 4 mm, prepolymer flow time at 23°C was 88 s.
[0042] The prepared prepolymer was poured into a mixing vessel and, during constant stirring,
commercially available azo and redox initiators and the cross linker 1,4-butanedioldimethacrylate
(1,4-BDDMA) were added.
[0043] In a dosing line the well-stirred mixture was poured into the prepared moulds open
at one side. Several moulds were placed together into a stand and set into a water
bath at 54°C for 11 hours for polymerization to occur.
[0044] Then they were transferred into an air oven where postpolymerization according to
a temperature programme was carried out during 3 hours. After the completed reaction
the moulds were cooled to room temperature, dismantled and the panels with polyamide
reinforcement were taken out. The finished panel had thickness of 15 mm.
[0045] The panels were used for testings according to standards EN 1793 and EN 1794. The
panels correspond to values prescribed by the standards. Test on resistance against
impact of stones showed that the panel remained undamaged even above 90 kJ (simulation
of energy of stones).
1. A panel on the basis of polymethylmethacrylate with embedded reinforcing polymer monofilament
fibres having antinoise properties and improved antifragmentation properties characterized in that reinforcing polymer monofilament fibres in the form of a three-dimensional fibre
entanglement are embedded into the polymethylmethycrylate matrix, the fibres being
embedded into the polymethylmethacrylate matrix in such a manner that they are oriented
in all directions and distributed apparently uniformly in all directions, so that
the fibres are apparently uniformly distributed essentially throughout the entire
cross-section of the panel i.e. throughout its entire volume.
2. A panel according to claim 1, characterized in that embedded polymer monofilament fibres are polyethylene, polycarbonate, polyamide or
polypropylene fibres.
3. A panel according to any of the claims 1 to 2, characterized in that polymer monofilamet fibres are polyamide fibres.
4. A panel according to any of the claims 1 to 3, characterized in that fibres have a diameter from 0.2 to 2 mm.
5. A panel according to any of the claims 1 to 4, characterized in that fibres have a diameter from 0.5 to 0.8 mm.
6. A panel according to any of the claims 1 to 5, characterized in that three-dimensional fibre entanglement has a mass from 50 to 1000 g/m2.
7. A panel according to any of the claims 1 to 6, characterized in that three-dimensional fibre entanglement has a mass from 300 to 500 g/m2.
8. A panel according to any of the claims 1 to 7, characterized in that it has a thickness from 3 to 100 mm.
9. A panel according to any of the claims 1 to 8, characterized in that embedded three-dimensional fibre entanglement has a thickness of 13.5 ± 0.5 mm and
mass 380 ± 20 g/m2 and the panel has final thickness of about 15 mm.
10. A process for manufacturing polmethylmethacrylate panels with embedded reinforcing
polymer monofilament fibres,
characterized in that
- into a partly completed mould which is on one side represented by a tempered glass
plate onto which an appropriate seal is placed,
- reinforcing polymer monofilament fibres in a form of three-dimensional fibre entanglement
capable of retaining its form over long time period are placed, whereby the fibres
in this entanglement are directed in all directions and are arranged apparently uniformly
in such a manner that fibre entanglement is placed across the entire surface of partly
completed mould,
- whereupon onto thus prepared construction the second tempered glas plate is placed
and the mould is fixed,
- then into so prepared mould pre-prepared suitable prepolymer on the basis of methylmethacrylate
is poured,
- followed by in the art known polymerization and de-moulding phases so that finally
polymethylmethacrylate panel with embedded fibres is obtained.
11. A process for manufacturing the panel according to claim 10, characterized in that polymer monofilament fibres are polyethylene, polycarbonate, polyamide or polypropylene
fibres.
12. A process for manufacturing the panel according to any of the claims from 10 to 11,
characterized in that polymer monofilament fibres are polyamide fibres.
13. A process for manufacturing the panel according to any of the claims from 10 to 12,
characterized in that fibres have a diameter from 0.2 to 2 mm.
14. A process for manufacturing the panel according to any of the claims from 10 to 13,
characterized in that fibres have a diameter from 0.5 to 0.8 mm.
15. A process for manufacturing the panel according to any of the claims from 10 to 14,
characterized in that three-dimensional fibre entanglement has a mass from 50 to 1000 g/m2.
16. A process for manufacturing the panel according to any of the claims from 10 to 15,
characterized in that three-dimensional fibre entanglement has a mass from 300 to 500 g/m2.
17. A process for manufacturing the panel according to any of the claims from 10 to 16,
characterized in that embedded three-dimensional fibre entanglement has a thickness of 13.5 ± 0.5 mm and
mass 380 ± 20 g/m2 and the panel has final thickness of about 15 mm.
18. A use of the panel according to any of the claims from 1 to 9 as antinoise element
along roads, bridges and/or viaducts, in façade systems, separating walls or as protection
panel in devices and machines.
1. Platte auf der Basis von Polymethylmethacrylat mit eingebetteten verstärkenden Polymer-Monofilamentfasern
mit lärmdämpfenden Eigenschaften und verbesserten Bruchverhinderungseigenschaften,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass verstärkende Polymer-Monofilamentfasern in Form eines dreidimensionalen Fasergeflechts
in die Polymethylmethacrylatmatrix eingebettet sind, wobei die Fasern derart in die
Polymethylmethacrylatmatrix eingebettet sind, dass sie in alle Richtungen orientiert
sind und in alle Richtungen anscheinend gleichmäßig verteilt sind, so dass die Fasern
im Wesentlichen über den gesamten Querschnitt der Platte, d.h. über ihren gesamten
Rauminhalt, anscheinend gleichmäßig verteilt sind.
2. Platte nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die eingebetteten Polymer-Monofilamentfasern Polyethylen-, Polycarbonat-, Polyamid-
oder Polypropylenfasern sind.
3. Platte nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Polymer-Monofilamentfasern Polyamidfasern sind.
4. Platte nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Fasern einen Durchmesser von 0,2 bis 2 mm haben.
5. Platte nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Fasern einen Durchmesser von 0,5 bis 0,8 mm haben.
6. Platte nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das dreidimensionale Fasergeflecht eine Masse von 50 bis 1000 g/m2 hat.
7. Platte nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das dreidimensionale Fasergeflecht eine Masse von 300 bis 500 g/m2 hat.
8. Platte nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sie eine Dicke von 3 bis 100 mm hat.
9. Platte nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das eingebettete dreidimensionale Fasergeflecht eine Dicke von 13,5 ± 0,5 mm und
eine Masse von 380 ± 20 g/m2 hat und die Platte eine Enddicke von etwa 15 mm hat.
10. Verfahren zum Herstellen von Polymethylmethacrylatplatten mit eingebetteten verstärkenden
Polymer-Monofilamentfasern,
gekennzeichnet durch folgende Schritte:
- Einbringen, in eine teilweise fertige Form, die auf einer Seite durch eine getemperte Glasplatte gegeben ist, auf der eine geeignete Dichtung angeordnet
ist, von verstärkenden Polymer-Monofilamentfasern in Form eines dreidimensionalen
Fasergeflechts, welches seine Form über einen langen Zeitraum halten kann, wobei die
Fasern in diesem Geflecht in alle Richtungen orientiert werden und derart anscheinend
gleichmäßig angeordnet werden, dass das Fasergeflecht über der gesamten Oberfläche
der teilweise fertigen Form angeordnet wird,
- anschließendes Anordnen der zweiten getemperten Glasplatte auf der so präparierten
Anordnung und Befestigen der Form,
- darauf folgendes Gießen eines geeigneten vorbereiteten Prepolymers auf der Basis
von Methylmethacrylat in die so präparierte Form und
- nachfolgendes auf dem Fachgebiet bekanntes Polymerisieren und Entformen der Phasen,
so dass schließlich eine Polymethylmethacrylatplatte mit eingebetteten Fasern erhalten
wird.
11. Verfahren zum Herstellen der Platte nach Anspruch 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Polymer-Monofilamentfasern Polyethylen-, Polycarbonat-, Polyamid- oder Polypropylenfasern
sind.
12. Verfahren zum Herstellen der Platte nach einem der Ansprüche 10 bis 11, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Polymer-Monofilamentfasern Polyamidfasern sind.
13. Verfahren zum Herstellen der Platte nach einem der Ansprüche 10 bis 12, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Fasern einen Durchmesser von 0,2 bis 2 mm haben.
14. Verfahren zum Herstellen der Platte nach einem der Ansprüche 10 bis 13, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Fasern einen Durchmesser von 0,5 bis 0,8 mm haben.
15. Verfahren zum Herstellen der Platte nach einem der Ansprüche 10 bis 14, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das dreidimensionale Fasergeflecht eine Masse von 50 bis 1000 g/m2 hat.
16. Verfahren zum Herstellen der Platte nach einem der Ansprüche 10 bis 15, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das dreidimensionale Fasergeflecht eine Masse von 300 bis 500 g/m2 hat.
17. Verfahren zum Herstellen der Platte nach einem der Ansprüche 10 bis 16, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das eingebettete dreidimensionale Fasergeflecht eine Dicke von 13,5 ± 0,5 mm und
eine Masse von 380 ± 20 g/m2 hat und die Platte eine Enddicke von etwa 15 mm hat.
18. Verwendung der Platte nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 9 als lärmdämpfendes Element
entlang Straßen, Brücken und/oder Viadukten, in Fassadensystemen, Trennwänden oder
als Schutzplatte in Vorrichtungen und Maschinen.
1. Panneau à base de polyméthacrylate de méthyle avec des fibres de renfort noyées en
monofilament de polymère ayant des propriétés antibruit et des propriétés améliorées
d'antifragmentation, caractérisé en ce que des fibres de renfort en monofilament de polymère sous la forme d'un enchevêtrement
de fibres tridimensionnel sont noyées dans la matrice de polyméthacrylate de méthyle,
les fibres étant noyées dans la matrice de polyméthacrylate de méthyle d'une manière
telle qu'elles sont orientées dans toutes les directions et réparties d'une manière
apparemment uniforme dans toutes les directions, de telle sorte que les fibres sont
réparties de manière apparemment uniforme essentiellement dans toute la section transversale
du panneau, c'est-à-dire dans tout son volume.
2. Panneau selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que les fibres noyées en monofilament de polymère sont des fibres de polyéthylène, de
polycarbonate, de polyamide ou de polypropylène.
3. Panneau selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 2, caractérisé en ce que les fibres en monofilament de polymère sont des fibres de polyamide.
4. Panneau selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que les fibres ont un diamètre de 0,2 à 2 mm.
5. Panneau selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce que des fibres ont un diamètre de 0,5 à 0,8 mm.
6. Panneau selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisé en ce que l'enchevêtrement de fibres tridimensionnel a une masse de 50 à 1000 g/m2.
7. Panneau selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisé en ce que l'enchevêtrement de fibres tridimensionnel a une masse de 300 à 500 g/m2.
8. Panneau selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 7, caractérisé en ce qu'il a une épaisseur de 3 à 100 mm.
9. Panneau selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 8, caractérisé en ce que l'enchevêtrement de fibres tridimensionnel noyé a une épaisseur de 13,5 ± 0,5 mm
et une masse de 380 ± 20 g/m2 et le panneau a une épaisseur finale d'environ 15 mm.
10. Procédé de fabrication de panneaux de polyméthacrylate de méthyle avec des fibres
de renfort noyées en monofilament de polymère, caractérisé en ce que dans un moule en partie terminé qui est représenté sur un côté par une plaque de
verre trempé sur laquelle un joint approprié est placé,
des fibres de renfort en monofilament de polymère sous la forme d'un enchevêtrement
de fibres tridimensionnel capable de conserver sa forme sur une longue durée sont
placées, de sorte que les fibres dans cet enchevêtrement sont orientées dans toutes
les directions et sont disposées d'une manière apparemment uniforme d'une manière
telle que l'enchevêtrement de fibres est placé sur toute la surface du moule en partie
terminé,
à la suite de quoi, sur la construction ainsi préparée, la deuxième plaque de verre
trempé est placée et le moule est fixé,
puis, dans le moule ainsi préparé, un pré-polymère préalablement préparé de manière
appropriée à base de méthacrylate de méthyle est versé,
suivi par des phases de polymérisation et de démoulage connues dans le domaine de
telle sorte que finalement un panneau de polyméthacrylate de méthyle avec des fibres
noyées est obtenu.
11. Procédé de fabrication de panneau selon la revendication 10, caractérisé en ce que les fibres en monofilament de polymère sont des fibres de polyéthylène, de polycarbonate,
de polyamide ou de polypropylène.
12. Procédé de fabrication de panneau selon l'une quelconque des revendications 10 à 11,
caractérisé en ce que les fibres en monofilament de polymère sont des fibres de polyamide.
13. Procédé de fabrication de panneau selon l'une quelconque des revendications 10 à 12,
caractérisé en ce que les fibres ont un diamètre de 0,2 à 2 mm.
14. Procédé de fabrication de panneau selon l'une quelconque des revendications 10 à 13,
caractérisé en ce que les fibres ont un diamètre de 0,5 à 0,8 mm.
15. Procédé de fabrication de panneau selon l'une quelconque des revendications 10 à 14,
caractérisé en ce que l'enchevêtrement de fibres tridimensionnel a une masse de 50 à 1000 g/m2.
16. Procédé de fabrication de panneau selon l'une quelconque des revendications 10 à 15,
caractérisé en ce que l'enchevêtrement de fibres tridimensionnel a une masse de 300 à 500 g/m2.
17. Procédé de fabrication de panneau selon l'une quelconque des revendications 10 à 16,
caractérisé en ce que l'enchevêtrement de fibres tridimensionnel noyé a une épaisseur de 13,5 ± 0,5 mm
et une masse de 380 ± 20 g/m2 et le panneau a une épaisseur finale d'environ 15 mm.
18. Utilisation du panneau selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 9 en tant qu'élément
antibruit le long de routes, de ponts et/ou de viaducs, dans des systèmes de façade,
des murs de séparation ou comme panneau de protection dans des dispositifs et des
machines.
REFERENCES CITED IN THE DESCRIPTION
This list of references cited by the applicant is for the reader's convenience only.
It does not form part of the European patent document. Even though great care has
been taken in compiling the references, errors or omissions cannot be excluded and
the EPO disclaims all liability in this regard.
Patent documents cited in the description