A DEVICE FOR OPENING AND CLOSING ROLLING BLOCK FIREARMS

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a device for opening and closing rolling block firearms.

[0002] In the sector of portable firearms, a rolling block firearm is one in which a receiver that supports the barrel (or barrels) is hinged to a central block, called rolling block, that houses the firing mechanisms. Reciprocal rotation of the receiver and the rolling block makes it possibly to open the firearm so that it can be manually loaded.

[0003] This specification refers in particular, but without restricting the scope of the invention, to rolling block shoulder firearms, especially hunting and sports guns which, as is known, have an opening and closing device comprising a bolt operated by a key located at the top of the rolling block.

[0004] US 2 095 297 discloses locking mechanism for firearms having a combination of elements as set forth in the pre-characterizing portion of the appended claim 1.

Background Art

[0005] In a known type of rolling block firearm, the bolt is housed , in the rolling block and has two tenons which project from the front of the block and which, when the block is closed, fit snugly into two mortises made in the receiver that supports the barrel (for barrels).

[0006] Turning the key towards the open position makes the bolt slide back towards the gun stock, thus disengaging the tenons from the mortises and causing them to move back into the rolling block.

[0007] The coupling between the key and the bolt is made by an eccentric tooth that fits into a socket made in one side of the bolt. This type of coupling requires of the gun user a relatively high critical release moment to overcome the friction between receiver and bolt when the latter is in the closed position.

[0008] To obtain an acceptable value for the critical release moment, firearm manufacturers, when designing a firearm, tend to reduce the overall coupling surface between mortises and tenons. This, however, causes unwanted slipping between the receiver and the bolt every time a shot is fired. This slipping causes wear on the mortises and tenons which, in the long run, leads to slack and vibrations. To compensate for the wear, the two tenons are made longer so that, when a gun is new, they do not enter the mortises completely and go in further and further over time, as they gradually wear.

[0009] Obviously, wear compensation of this type is possible until such time as the tenons go into the mortises as far as possible. Once this limit has been reached, the gun requires maintenance which is very expensive.

[0010] In addition to this drawback, compensation for wear as just described causes the closing position of the key to drift, eventually leading to its misalignment with respect to the line of sight and disturbing the shooter's aim. To avoid this, shoulder firearms are normally manufactured in such a way that the key in a new gun is shifted to the right of the line of sight and tends to come into line with it as the tenons and mortises wear.

[0011] The present invention has for an object to provide a device for opening and closing rolling block firearms that overcomes the above mentioned drawbacks.

[0012] According to the invention, this object is achieved by a device for opening and closing rolling block firearms having the characteristics described in claims 1 or 3.

[0013] The claims dependent on claims 1 or 3 refer to advantageous preferred embodiments of the invention.

Brief Description of the Drawingss

[0014] A preferred, non-restricting embodiment of the invention provided purely by way of example is described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

Figure 1 shows a hammerless, over and under hunting gun comprising an opening and closing device according to the present invention;

Figure 2 shows a detail of the gun of Figure 1, with some parts in cross section and others cut away;

Figure 3 is a perspective view of the detail of Figure 2;

Figures 4 to 6 illustrate three positions of the opening and closing device according to the present invention;

Figure 7 is a scaled-up view of a detail from Figure 4;

Figure 8 is a perspective view of another detail of the gun of Figure 1;

Figure 9 shows another embodiment.

Detailed Description of the Preferred Embodiments of the Invention

[0015] The reference numeral 1 in Figure 1 denotes in its entirety a hammerless hunting gun with over and under barrels 2.

[0016] The barrels 2 are rigidly mounted on a receiver 3, which is hinged to a central unit, known as rolling block 4, of the gun 1 by means of a pin 5.

[0017] The pin 5, once the gun 1 is unlocked using a lever of an opening key 6 located on the upper part of the rolling block 4, allows the receiver 3 and the barrels 2 to be turned with respect to the rolling block 4. Thus, when the gun is open, the position of the barrels 2 is such that cartridge cases can be removed and new cartridges loaded (Figure 6).

[0018] The receiver 3 may be attached to the barrels 2 in various ways: for example, it may be fastened mechanically or welded or it may be made as a single piece with the barrels.

[0019] On the side opposite the receiver 3, the rolling block 4, which houses the firing mechanism, which is not described in detail here since it is of well known type, rigidly supports a gunstock 7 with a frame 8.

[0020] As shown in Figures 2 to 6, the key 6 forms part of a device 9 used to open and close the gun 1 and comprising a bolt 10 actuated by the key 6 and housed inside the rolling block 4 just under the latter's upper part.

[0021] The bolt 10, shown in detail in Figure 7, is U-shaped and has two arms 12 positioned symmetrically about a central plane A of the bolt 10 itself and extending perpendicularly, and on the same side, from the two ends of a shoulder 11.

[0022] The shoulder 11 of the bolt 10 faces the gunstock 7, whilst the arms 12 extend towards the barrels 2 in a direction parallel with the barrels 2, with the plane A coinciding with a plane B of substantial longitudinal symmetry of the gun 1.

[0023] The bolt 10 is slidably coupled with the rolling block 4 and, more specifically, its arms 12 are inserted in respective through holes 13 in the rolling block 4 and protrude from the front of the block to form two respective tenons 14 when the bolt 10 is in the closed position (Figures 2, 4, 8).

[0024] In the advanced, closed position, the tenons 14 are inserted fully home into, and fit snugly in, two matching mortises 15 made in the receiver 3 outside the shank of the upper barrel 2, whilst in the retracted, open position (Figure 6) the tenons 14 are housed entirely inside the holes 13.

[0025] The bolt 10 is locked in the closed position by elastic means, consisting in this particular instance of a helical spring 16 of the device 9 (Figures 2, 3, 7) that presses against the shoulder 11 on the side opposite the arms 12 and is positioned between the shoulder 11 and an abutment 17 forming part of the rolling block 4 and fixed under the latter's upper part.

[0026] When a shot is fired, the spring 16 allows the bolt 10 to slide back relative to the rolling block 4 and then to follow the movement of the receiver 3, without letting the tenons 14 and mortises 15 slip, thereby avoiding the damage that such slipping would cause.

[0027] The bolt 10 can be retracted to the open position by manually pulling the lever of the key 6 to overcome the opposing action of the spring 16. Figure 4 shows the key 6 in the closed position, with the lever perfectly aligned with the line of sight, whilst Figures 5 and 6 show the key 6 in an intermediate open position and in a fully open position, respectively. As may be inferred from Figures 4, 5 and 6, the bolt 10 is opened by turning the key 6 to the right of the line of sight, that is to say, by turning the key 6 anticlockwise in Figures 4, 5 and 6.

[0028] As can be seen better in Figure 2, the key 6 is hinged to the rolling block 4 by a tube 18 allowing it to rotate about an axis 19 orthogonal to the plane in which the bolt 10 lies and lying in the plane A.

[0029] The end of the tube 18 positioned inside the rolling block 4 close to the bolt 10 is pressure fitted in a central socket 20 in a wheel 21.

[0030] The wheel 21 is positioned in the same plane as the bolt 10, between the two arms 12 and against the shoulder 11, and is peripherally equipped with a first cam 22 designed to act in conjunction with a central protrusion 23 on the shoulder 11 to impart to the bolt 10 a first translational movement towards the gunstock 7.

[0031] The wheel 21 also has a second cam 24 designed to act in conjunction with a hollow 25 in the arm 12 on the left-hand side of the line of sight to impart to the bolt 10 a second translational movement towards the gunstock 7.

[0032] The wheel 21 may be attached to the tube 18 not only by pressure fitting but also in various other ways: for example, it may be made as a single piece with the tube. Whatever the case, the wheel 21, with its two cams 22 and 24, constitutes one end of the shaped key 6 to drive the bolt 10.

[0033] The first cam 22, the second cam 24, the protrusion 23 and the hollow 25 are positioned and shaped in such a way that, as the bolt 10 moves from the closed position to the open position, first the protrusion 23 is engaged by the first cam 22 and then the hollow 25 is engaged by the second cam 24.

[0034] In the positions illustrated in Figures 4 and 7, where the key 6 is in the closed position, the cams 22 and 24 are separated by a small gap from the protrusion 23 and from the hollow 25, respectively. The bolt 10 is therefore disengaged from the key 6 and held against the mortises 15 of the receiver 3 by the spring 16.

[0035] When the key 6 lever is turned a little way to the right (Figure 5) the cam 22 comes into contact with the protrusion 23 and pushes it towards the gunstock 7, thus causing the bolt 10 to move back a little. At this stage, in which the cam 24 remains separated from the hollow 25, the disengagement force F1 applied centrally to the bolt 10 by the shooter using the key 6 -wheel 21 assembly overcomes the friction between the tenons 14 and the mortises 15, as well as the opposing force of the spring 16, thereby disengaging the bolt 10 and the receiver 3.

[0036] The cam 22 and the respective protrusion 23 thus constitute means for disengaging the bolt 10.

[0037] Turning the key 6 lever further to the right (Figure 6) brings the cam 24 into contact with the hollow 25, thereby moving the bolt 10 all the way back. At this stage, the sideways driving force F2 applied to the bolt 10 by the shooter using the key 6 - wheel 21 assembly again overcomes the opposing force of the spring 16.

[0038] As may be inferred from the above description, the forces F1 and F2 are both relatively moderate. In particular, the disengagement force F1 is relatively low compared to the size of the contact surfaces between tenons 14 and mortises 15 since it acts centrally on the bolt 10.

[0039] It should be noticed, with reference to Figure 7, that between the hollow 25 and the respective cam 24 there is a certain amount of clearance, defined by the gaps 26 and 27 which not only enable the bolt 10 to be positioned in the fully closed position without acting on the key 6, but also allows the bolt 10 itself to be disengaged during the initial rotation of the key by a just a few degrees. Indeed, during the initial rotation, only the cam 22 and the protrusion 23 come into contact since the cam 24 moves in the gap 27 without coming into contact with the respective wall of the hollow 25.

[0040] The gap 26 allows the key 6 to move to the end of its stroke (zero position) without acting on the bolt 10.

[0041] The end-of-stroke position is defined by a limit block 28, whilst a spring 29 acting between an arm 30, extending from the wheel 21 diametrically opposite the cam 24, and the rolling block 4 enables the key 6 to move to its zero position.

[0042] It should be noticed that when the cam 22 comes into contact with the protrusion 23, the disengagement force F1 applied centrally to the bolt 10 presents a first vector component Flu in the direction of the line of sight and oriented towards the gunstock 7, and a second vector component F1t, orthogonal to the line of sight and oriented towards the arm 12 on the right of the line of sight. The vector component Flu imparts to the bolt 10 the aforementioned backward translational movement towards the gunstock 7, whilst the vector component F1t constrains the bolt 10 transversely in unbalanced manner.

[0043] Figure 9 shows another embodiment of the opening and closing device 9 as described above but in which the shoulder 11 of the bolt 10 does not have the protrusion 23. In this embodiment, the protrusion 23 is substituted by the arm 31 of an L-shaped lever 32 hinged to the upper part of the rolling block 4 by a pin 35 so that it rotates about an axis 33 parallel to the aforementioned axis 19.

[0044] When the bolt 10 is in the advanced, closed position (Figure 9), the lever 32 is housed in the vicinity of the corner of the bolt 10 between the shoulder 11 and the arm 12 on the right of the line of sight, with the arm 31 facing the shoulder 11 and the other arm 34, which is coupled with the pin 35, facing the arm 12. In this position the arms 31 and 34 are separated from the shoulder 11 and from the arm 12, respectively.

[0045] When the key 6 lever is turned a little way towards the open position of the bolt 10, the disengagement force F1 makes the lever 32 turn - in an anticlockwise direction in Figure 9 - and causes the bolt 10 to be pushed centrally back by the arm 31. In other words, the pushing action on the central portion of the shoulder 11 is applied by the cam 22 in this case too, but indirectly through the lever 32 which acts as a passive element.

[0046] Obviously, in this case, the vector component F1u is applied centrally to the shoulder 11 through the arm 31, whilst the vector component F1t is discharged directly on the rolling block 4 through the pin 35, preventing unwanted jamming and deformation of the bolt 10.

[0047] As in the first embodiment described above, the first cam 22, the second cam 24, the lever 32 and the hollow 25 are positioned and shaped in such a way that, as the bolt 10 moves from the advanced, closed position to the retracted, open position, first the arm 31 of the lever 32 is engaged by the first cam 22 and then, after the arm 31 has been pushed by the shoulder 11, the hollow 25 is engaged by the second cam 24.

[0048] The opening and closing device 9 as described above therefore:

• permits a secure end coupling between the receiver 3 and the rolling block 4, while allowing the shooter to open the gun 1 with relatively little effort;
• substantially eliminates slipping between the tenons 14 and the mortises 15;
• significantly reduces wear on the tenons 14 and the mortises 15;
• permits optimum positioning of the key 6 lever which, when the bolt 10 is in the advanced, closed position, is exactly aligned with the line of sight and does not drift from this position.

[0049] It will be understood that the invention as described above with reference to the gun 1 may also be applied to a generic rolling block firearm such as, for example, a hunting or sports gun with a single barrel, with side-by-side barrels (double gun) or with three barrels (drilling).

Claims

1. An opening and closing device for rolling block firearms comprising a rolling block (4), at least one barrel (2) and a receiver (3), the latter being attached to the barrel (2) and hinged to the rolling block (4); the device (9) being associated with the rolling block (4) and receiver (3) so as to allow reciprocal rotation of the rolling block (4) and of the receiver (3) to open and reciprocal end locking between the rolling block (4) and the receiver (3) to close; the device (9) comprising a key (6) that is hinged by a tube (18) to the upper part of the rolling block (4), and a bolt (10) that is actuated by a shaped end (21) of the key (6) and is slidably mounted on the rolling block (4) in such a way that it can be moved from a retracted, open position in which the bolt (10) is entirely inside the rolling block (4), and an advanced, closed position in which the bolt (10) protrudes from the front of the rolling block (4) with two arms (12) designed to lock by friction two matching mortises (15) made in the receiver (3); the arms (12) extending from the ends of a shoulder (11) of the bolt (10), the shaped end (21) of the key (6) having a first cam (22) designed to exert a pushing action on the central portion of the shoulder (11) in order to disengage the arms (12) from the mortises (15), the device being characterised in that the first cam (22) acts in conjunction with a lever (32) hinged to the rolling block (4) so that the pushing action is exerted on the shoulder (11) through the lever (32), the shaped end (21) of the key (6) having a second cam (24) designed to act in conjunction with a hollow (25) in one of the arms (12) in order to move the bolt (10) to the retracted, open position, and the first and the second cam (22, 24), the lever (32) and the hollow (25) being positioned and shaped in such a way that, as the bolt (10) moves from the advanced, closed position to the retracted, open position, first the lever (32) is engaged by the first cam (22) and then the hollow (25) is engaged by the second cam (24).

2. The device according to claim 1, characterised in that the first cam (22) acts in conjunction with a central protrusion (23) on the shoulder (11) so as to disengage the arms (12) from the mortises (15).

3. An opening and closing device for rolling block firearms comprising a rolling block (4), at least one barrel (2) and a receiver (3), the latter being attached to the barrel (2) and hinged to the rolling block (4); the device (9) being associated with the rolling block (4) and receiver (3) so as to allow reciprocal rotation of the rolling block (4) and of the receiver (3) to open and reciprocal end locking between the rolling block (4) and the receiver (3) to close; the device (9) comprising a key (6) that is hinged by a tube (18) to the upper of the rolling block (4), and a bolt (10) that is actuated by a shaped end (21) of the key (6) and is slidably mounted on the rolling block (4) in such a way that it can be moved from a retracted, open position in which the bolt (10) is entirely inside the rolling block (4), and an advanced, closed position in which the bolt (10) protrudes from the front of the rolling block (4) with two arms (12) designed to lock by friction two matching mortises (15) made in the receiver (3); the arms (12) extending from the ends of a shoulder (11) of the bolt (10); the device being characterised in that the shaped end (21) of the key (6) has a first cam (22) designed to act in conjunction with a central protrusion (23) of the shoulder (11) in order to disengage the arms (12) from the mortises (15), the shaped end (21) of the key (6) having a second cam (24) designed to act in conjunction with a hollow (25) in one of the arms (12) in order to move the bolt (10) to the retracted, open position, and the first and the second cam (22, 24), the protrusion (23) and the hollow (25) being positioned and shaped in such a way that, as the bolt (10) moves from the advanced, closed position to the retracted, open position, first the protrusion (23) is engaged by the first cam (22) and then the hollow (25) is engaged by the second cam (24).

4. The device according to claim 3, characterised in that it comprises elastic means (16) acting on the bolt (10) in such a way as to keep the bolt (10) in the advanced, closed position.

5. The device according to claim 4, characterised in that the elastic means (16) consist of a helical spring (16) that presses against the shoulder (11) of the bolt (10) on the side opposite the arms (12) and is positioned between the shoulder (11) and an abutment (17) forming part of the rolling block (4).

6. The device according to any of the foregoing claims from 3 to 5, characterised in that the key (6) has a manual actuating lever that is aligned with the line of sight when the bolt (10) is in the advanced, closed position.

7. A rolling block firearms, in particular a hunting or sports gun, characterised in that it comprises an opening and closing device according to any of the foregoing claims from 3 to 6.

8. The device according to claim 1, characterised in that the lever (32) is L-shaped and has a first arm (31) facing the shoulder (11) and a second arm (34) hinged to the rolling block (4) and facing one of the arms (12); the pushing action on the central portion of the shoulder (11) being exerted through the first arm (31).

9. The device according to claim 8, characterised in that when the bolt (10) is in the advanced, closed position, the lever (32) is housed in the vicinity of the corner of the bolt (10) between the shoulder (11) and one of the arms (12).

10. The device according to any of the foregoing claims from 8 to 9, characterised in that it comprises elastic means (16) acting on the bolt (10) in such a way as to keep the bolt (10) in the advanced, closed position.

11. The device according to claim 10, characterised in that the elastic means (16) consist of a helical spring (16) that presses against the shoulder (11) of the bolt (10) on the side opposite the arms (12) and is positioned between the shoulder (11) and an abutment (17) forming part of the rolling block (4).

12. The device according to any of the foregoing claims from 8 to 11, characterised in that the key (6) has a manual actuating lever that is aligned with the line of sight when the bolt (10) is in the advanced, closed position.

13. A rolling block firearm, in particular a hunting or sports gun, characterised in that it comprises an opening and closing device according to any of the foregoing claims from 8 to 12.

14. The device according to claim 6 or 12, characterised in that it further comprises a limit block (28) that defies an end-of-stroke zero position of said key (6), and a spring (29) acting between an arm (30) of said key (6) and said rolling block (4) to allow said key (6) to reach said zero position when said bolt (10) is in said advanced closed position.

Ansprüche

1. Eine Öffnungs- und Schließvorrichtung für Rolling-Block-Schusswaffen, die einen Rolling-Block (4), mindestens einen Lauf (2) und eine Aufnahme (3) umfasst, wobei Letztere am Lauf (2) angebracht ist und drehbar mit dem Rolling-Block (4) befestigt ist, wobei die Vorrichtung (9) mit dem Rolling-Block (4) und der Aufnahme (3) verknüpft ist, um zu gestatten, dass eine reziproke Drehung des Rolling-Blocks (4) und der Aufnahme (3) geöffnet wird, und dass eine reziproke Endverriegelung zwischen dem Rolling-Block (4) und der Aufnahme (3) geschlossen wird, wobei die Vorrichtung (9) einen Schlüssel (6) umfasst, der über ein Rohr (18) drehbar am oberen Teil des Rolling-Blocks (4) befestigt ist, und einen Bolzen (10), der durch ein geformtes Ende (21) des Schlüssels (6) betätigt wird und verschiebbar am Rolling-Block (4) montiert ist, und zwar auf eine Art und Weise, dass er aus einer zurtickgezogenen, offenen Position, in welcher der Bolzen (10) sich vollständig innerhalb des Rolling-Blocks (4) befindet, und einer vorgeschoben, geschlossenen Position bewegt werden kann, in welcher der Bolzen (10) aus der Vorderseite des Rolling-Blocks (4) herausragt, mit zwei Armen (12), die konstruiert sind, um reibschlüssig zwei passende Nuten (15), die in der Aufnahme (3) geformt sind, zu verriegeln; wobei die Arme (12) sich von den Enden einer Schulter (11) des Bolzens (10) erstrecken und das geformte Ende (21) des Schlüssels (6) einen ersten Nocken (22) hat, der ausgebildet ist, eine Schubwirkung auf den mittleren Abschnitt der Schulter (11) auszuüben, um die Arme (12) aus den Nuten (15) zu lösen, wobei die Vorrichtung dadurch gekennzeichnet ist, dass der erste Nocken (22) mit einem Hebel (32) zusammenwirkt, der drehbar so am Rolling-Block (4) befestigt ist, dass die Schubwirkung über den Hebel (32) auf die Schulter (11) ausgeübt wird, wobei das geformte Ende (21) des Schlüssels (6) einen zweiten Nocken (24) hat, der ausgebildet ist, um mit einer Ausnehmung (25) in einem der Arme (12) zusammenzuwirken, um den Bolzen (10) in die zurückgezogene, offene Position zu bewegen, und dass der erste und der zweite Nocken (22, 24), der Hebel (32) und die Ausnehmung (25) so positioniert und geformt sind, dass, wenn sich der Bolzen (10) aus der vorgeschoben, geschlossenen Position in die zurückgezogene, offene Position bewegt, zuerst der erste Nocken (22) in den Hebel (32) eingreift und dann der zweite Nocken (24) in die Ausnehmung (25) eingreift.

2. Die Vorrichtung gemäß Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der erste Nocken (22) mit einem zentralen Vorsprung (23) an der Schulter (11) zusammenwirkt, um die Arme (12) aus den Nuten (15) zu lösen.

3. Eine Öffnungs- und Schließvorrichtung für Rolling-Block-Schusswaffen, die einen Rolling-Block (4), mindestens einen Lauf (2) und eine Aufnahme (3) umfasst, wobei Letztere am Lauf (2) angebracht und drehbar mit dem Rolling-Block (4) verbunden ist; wobei die Vorrichtung (9) mit dem Rolling-Block (4) und der Aufnahme (3) verknüpft ist, um zu gestatten, dass eine reziproke Drehung des Rolling-Blocks (4) und der Aufnahme (3) geöffnet wird, und dass eine reziproke Endverriegelung zwischen dem Rolling-Block (4) und der Aufnahme (3) geschlossen wird, wobei die Vorrichtung (9) einen Schlüssel (6) umfasst, der über ein Rohr (18) drehbar am oberen Teil des Rolling-Blocks (4) befestigt ist, und einen Bolzen (10), der durch ein geformtes Ende (21) des Schlüssels (6) betätigt wird und verschiebbar am Rolling-Block (4) montiert ist, so dass er aus einer zurückgezogenen, offenen Position, in welcher der Bolzen (10) sich vollständig innerhalb des Rolling-Blocks (4) befindet, und einer vorgeschoben, geschlossenen Position bewegt werden kann, in welcher der Bolzen (10) aus der Vorderseite des Rolling-Blocks (4) herausragt, mit zwei Armen (12), die konstruiert sind, um reibschlüssig zwei passende Nuten (15), die in der Aufnahme (3) geformt sind, zu verriegeln; wobei die Arme (12) sich von den Enden einer Schulter (11) des Bolzens (10) erstrecken, wobei die Vorrichtung dadurch gekennzeichnet ist, dass das geformte Ende (21) des Schlüssels (6) einen ersten Nocken (22) hat, der ausgebildet ist, um mit einem zentralen Vorsprung (23) der Schulter (11) zusammenzuwirken, um die Arme (12) aus den Nuten (15) zu lösen, wobei das geformte Ende (21) des Schlüssels (6) einen zweiten Nocken (24) hat, der ausgebildet ist, mit einer Ausnehmung (25) in einem der Arme (12) zusammenzuwirken, um den Bolzen (10) in die zurückgezogene, offene Position zu bewegen, und dass der erste und der zweite Nocken (22, 24), der Vorsprung (23) und die Ausnehmung (25) so positioniert und geformt sind, dass, wenn sich der Bolzen (10) aus der vorgeschoben, geschlossenen Position in die zurückgezogene, offene Position bewegt, zuerst der erste Nocken (22) in den Vorsprung (23) eingreift und dann der zweite Nocken (24) in die Ausnehmung (25) eingreift.

4. Die Vorrichtung gemäß Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sie elastische Mittel (16) umfasst, die auf den Bolzen (10) wirken, um den Bolzen (10) in der vorgeschoben, geschlossenen Position zu halten.

5. Die Vorrichtung gemäß Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die elastischen Mittel (16) aus einer Schraubenfeder (16) bestehen, die gegen die Schulter (11) des Bolzens (10) auf der Seite gegenüber den Armen (12) drückt und zwischen der Schulter (11) und einem Widerlager (17) positioniert ist, das einen Teil des Rolling-Blocks (4) bildet.

6. Die Vorrichtung gemäß einem beliebigen der obigen Ansprüche 3 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Schlüssel (6) einen manuellen Betätigungshebel hat, der mit der Sichtlinie ausgerichtet ist, wenn sich der Bolzen (10) in der vorgeschoben, geschlossenen Position befindet.

7. Eine Rolling-Block-Schusswaffe, im Speziellen Jagd- oder Sportgewehr, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sie eine öffnungs- und Schließvorrichtung gemäß einem beliebigen der obigen Ansprüche 3 bis 6 umfasst.

8. Die Vorrichtung gemäß Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Hebel (32) L-förmig ist und einen ersten Arm (31) hat, der zur Schulter (11) hin liegt, und einen zweiten Arm (34), der drehbar am Rolling-Block (4) befestigt ist und zu einem der Arme (12) hin liegt; wobei die Schubwirkung auf den mittleren Abschnitt der Schulter (11) über den ersten Arm (31) ausgeübt wird.

9. Die Vorrichtung gemäß Anspruch 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass, wenn sich der Bolzen (10) in der vorgeschoben, geschlossenen Position befindet, der Hebel (32) in der Nähe der Ecke des Bolzens (10) zwischen der Schulter (11) und einem der Arme (12) aufgenommen wird.

10. Die Vorrichtung gemäß einem beliebigen der obigen Ansprüche 8 bis 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sie elastische Mittel (16) umfasst, die so auf den Bolzen (10) wirken, dass der Bolzen (10) in der vorgeschoben, geschlossenen Position gehalten wird.

11. Die Vorrichtung gemäß Anspruch 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die elastischen Mittel (16) aus einer Schraubenfeder (16) bestehen, die gegen die Schulter (11) des Bolzens (10) auf der Seite gegenüber den Armen (12) drückt und zwischen der Schulter (11) und einem Widerlager (17) positioniert ist, das einen Teil des Rolling-Blocks (4) bildet.

12. Die Vorrichtung gemäß einem beliebigen der obigen Ansprüche 8 bis 11, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Schlüssel (6) einen manuellen Betätigungshebel hat, der mit der Sichtlinie ausgerichtet ist, wenn der Bolzen (10) sich in der vorgeschoben, geschlossenen Position befindet.

13. Eine Rolling-Block-Schusswaffe, im Speziellen Jagd- oder Sportgewehr, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sie eine Öffnungs- und Schließvorrichtung gemäß einem beliebigen der obigen Ansprüche 8 bis 12 umfasst.

14. Die Vorrichtung gemäß Anspruch 6 oder 12, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sie weiter einen Begrenzungsblock (28) umfasst, der eine Hubende-Nullposition des Schlüssels (6) bestimmt, und eine Feder (29), die zwischen einem Arm (30) des Schlüssels (6) und dem Rolling-Block (4) wirkt, um den Schlüssel (6) die Nullposition erreichen zu lassen, wenn sich der Bolzen (10) in der vorgeschoben geschlossenen Position befindet.

Revendications

1. Dispositif d'ouverture et de fermeture d'armes à feu à bloc roulant comprenant un bloc roulant (4), au moins un canon (2) et un récepteur (3), ce dernier étant fixé au canon (2) et articulé sur le bloc roulant (4) ; le dispositif (9) étant associé au bloc roulant (4) et au récepteur (3) de manière à permettre une rotation réciproque du bloc roulant (4) et du récepteur (3) pour ouvrir et un blocage d'extrémité réciproque entre le bloc roulant (4) et le récepteur (3) pour fermer; le dispositif (9) comprenant une clé (6) qui est articulée par un tube (18) sur la partie supérieure du bloc roulant (4), et un boulon (10) qui est actionné par une extrémité formée (21) de la clé (6) et qui est monté de manière coulissante sur le bloc roulant (4) de manière à ce qu'il puisse être déplacé d'une position ouverte, rétractée, dans laquelle le boulon (10) est entièrement à l'intérieur du bloc roulant (4), et d'une position fermée, avancée, dans laquelle le boulon (10) fait saillie de l'avant du bloc roulant (4), deux bras (12) étant conçus pour se verrouiller par frottement avec deux mortaises (15) correspondantes réalisées dans le récepteur (3) ; les bras (12) s'étendant des extrémités d'un épaulement (11) du boulon (10), l'extrémité formée (21) de la clé (6) comportant une première came (22) conçue pour exercer une action de poussée sur la partie centrale de l'épaulement (11) afin de désengager les bras (12) des mortaises (15), le dispositif étant caractérisé en ce que la première came (22) agit conjointement avec un levier (32) articulé sur le bloc roulant (4) de sorte que l'action de poussée soit exercée sur l'épaulement (11) par l'intermédiaire du levier (32), l'extrémité formée (21) de la clé (6) comportant une deuxième came (24) conçue pour agir conjointement avec un creux (25) dans l'un des bras (12) afin de déplacer le boulon (10) vers la position ouverte, rétractée, et les première et deuxième cames (22, 24), le levier (32) et le creux (25) étant positionnés et formés de manière à ce que, alors que le boulon (10) se déplace de la position fermée avancée vers la position ouverte rétractée, d'abord le levier (32) soit mis en prise avec la première came (22) et ensuite le creux (25) soit mis en prise avec la deuxième came (24).

2. Dispositif selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la première came (22) agit conjointement avec une protubérance centrale (23) sur l'épaulement (11) de manière à désengager les bras (12) des mortaises (15).

3. Dispositif d'ouverture et de fermeture pour des armes à feu à bloc roulant comprenant un bloc roulant (4), au moins un canon (2) et un récepteur (3), ce dernier étant fixé au canon (2) et articulé sur le bloc roulant (4); le dispositif (9) étant associé au bloc roulant (4) et au récepteur (3) de manière à permettre une rotation réciproque du bloc roulant (4) et du récepteur (3) pour ouvrir et un blocage d'extrémité réciproque entre le bloc roulant (4) et le récepteur (3) pour fermer; le dispositif (9) comprenant une clé (6) qui est articulée par un tube (18) sur la partie supérieure du bloc roulant (4), et un boulon (10) qui est actionné par une extrémité formée (21) de la clé (6) et qui est monté de manière coulissante sur le bloc roulant (4) de manière à ce qu'il puisse être déplacé d'une position ouverte, rétractée, dans laquelle le boulon (10) est entièrement à l'intérieur du bloc roulant (4), et d'une position fermée, avancée, dans laquelle le boulon (10) fait saillie de l'avant du bloc roulant (4), deux bras (12) étant conçus pour se verrouiller par frottement avec deux mortaises (15) correspondantes réalisées dans le récepteur (3) ; les bras (12) s'étendant des extrémités d'un épaulement (11) du boulon (10) ; le dispositif étant caractérisé en ce que l'extrémité formée (21) de la clé (6) comporte une première came (22) conçue pour agir conjointement avec une protubérance centrale (23) de l'épaulement (11) afin de désengager les bras (12) des mortaises (15), l'extrémité formée (21) de la clé (6) comportant une deuxième came (24) conçue pour agir conjointement avec un creux (25) dans l'un des bras (12) afin de déplacer le boulon (10) vers la position ouverte, rétractée, et les première et deuxième cames (22, 24), la protubérance (23) et le creux (25) étant positionnés et formés de manière à ce que, alors que le boulon (10) se déplace de la position fermée, avancée vers la position ouverte, rétractée, d'abord la protubérance (23) soit mise en prise avec la première came (22) et ensuite le creux (25) soit mis en prise avec la deuxième came (24).

4. Dispositif selon la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend des moyens élastiques (16) agissant sur le boulon (10) de manière à maintenir le boulon (10) dans la position fermée, avancée.

5. Dispositif selon la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce que les moyens élastiques (16) consistent en un ressort hélicoïdal (16) qui appuie contre l'épaulement (11) du boulon (10) du côté opposé des bras (12) et qui est positionné entre l'épaulement (11) et une butée (17) faisant partie du bloc roulant (4).

6. Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications 3 à 5 précédentes, caractérisé en ce que la clé (6) comporte un levier d'actionnement manuel qui est aligné avec la ligne de visée lorsque le boulon (10) est dans la position fermée, avancée.

7. Arme à feu à bloc roulant, en particulier pour un fusil de chasse ou de sport, caractérisée en ce qu'elle comprend un dispositif d'ouverture et de fermeture selon l'une quelconque des revendications 3 à 6 précédentes.

8. Dispositif selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le levier (32) est en forme de L et comporte un premier bras (31) faisant face à l'épaulement (11) et un deuxième bras (34) articulé sur le bloc roulant (4) et faisant face à l'un des bras (12) ; l'action de poussée sur la partie centrale de l'épaulement (11) étant exercée par l'intermédiaire du premier bras (31).

9. Dispositif selon la revendication 8, caractérisé en ce que, lorsque le boulon (10) est dans la position fermée, avancée, le levier (32) est logé à proximité du coin du boulon (10) entre l'épaulement (11) et l'un des bras (12).

10. Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications 8 à 9 précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend des moyens élastiques (16) agissant sur le boulon (10) de manière à maintenir le boulon (10) dans la position fermée avancée.

11. Dispositif selon la revendication 10, caractérisé en ce que les moyens élastiques (16) consistent en un ressort hélicoïdal (16) qui appuie contre l'épaulement (11) du boulon (10) du côté opposé aux bras (12) et qui est positionné entre l'épaulement (11) et une butée (17) faisant partie du bloc roulant (4).

12. Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendication 8 à 11 précédentes, caractérisé en ce que la clé (6) comporte un levier d'actionnement manuel qui est aligné avec la ligne de visée lorsque le boulon (10) est dans la position fermée, avancée.

13. Arme à feu à bloc roulant, en particulier pour un fusil de chasse ou de sport, caractérisée en ce qu'elle comprend un dispositif d'ouverture et de fermeture selon l'une quelconque des revendications 8 à 12 précédentes.

14. Dispositif selon la revendication 6 ou 12, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend en outre un bloc de fin de course (28) qui définit une position zéro de fin de course de ladite clé (6), et un ressort (29) agissant entre un bras (30) de ladite clé (6) et ledit bloc roulant (4) pour permettre à ladite clé (6) d'atteindre ladite position zéro lorsque ledit boulon (10) est dans ladite position fermée avancée.

Drawing