Technical Fields
[0001] The technical solution concerns the frog, mainly for switches of town transport rails.
The Contemporary State of the Art
[0002] The hitherto known and used frogs for town transport are simple frogs welded of facing
rail casts and slot profile rails of standard quality. The weldment is further welded
to the stringer metal plate and side and front metal sheets are welded so as to reach
compact unit of the frog. Shallow grooves are made in the frog to safely cover the
switch diamond and to arrange fluent and smooth passage. The frog with enclosed rails
is usually a part of the switch weldment on the route.
[0003] Other known frogs are simple frogs performed as a weldment of a steel block with
machined grooves and four facing rails. The frog is usually welded into the route.
Wear and tear of the frog material in the field of switch diamond and crossing caused
by traffic is repaired to a specific operation status by using the welding-on technology.
In case of excessive wear and tear it is necessary to open the ballast and to replace
the frog, which is very time- and money-consuming.
[0004] There are also known simple frogs performed as a weldment of the cast of the central
frog block cast with four casts of wide-web facing rails and four facing rails of
standard quality. Shallow grooves are made in the frog to safely cover the switch
diamond and to arrange fluent and smooth passage. The frogs are usually welded in
the route and the ballast is closed.
[0005] There are also used well-known simple frogs, solved as a weldment of the mono block
cast with welded-on rails of the given profile. There is a pre-cast groove in the
mono-block, processed to specified parameters. The frogs are usually welded in the
route and the ballast is closed.
[0006] There are also well-known the assembled frogs of rails. The individual parts of the
frog are closely connected by detachable pins into one unit. The frog is usually connected
on detachable basis with rails using connections and screws and the ballast is closed.
[0007] The disadvantage of the above stated weldments of frogs is the fact that the wear
and tear of material appears - in case of the above stated known frogs - in the diamond
and crossing section is repaired up to specific operation status by using the welding-on
technology directly in the route. In case of excessive wear and tear when it is not
possible to make repairs any more it is necessary to open the ballast and to replace
the frog, which is very time- and money-consuming.
[0008] EP-A-143 289 shows a frog representing the closest prior art and showing the features of the preamble
of claim 1.
[0009] The disadvantage of assembled frogs of rails is the possible slackening of pins and
change of required geometric position of individual parts of the frog. For performing
service or repairs and replacement of parts it is necessary to open the ballast and
to replace the frog, which is very time- and money-consuming.
Technical Solution Base
[0010] The task of the technical solution is to eliminate to the maximal possible extent
the imperfections of known versions of frogs as well as to create a frog of simple
construction allowing easy replacement of their worn-down parts without opening the
rail parts.
[0011] This can be reached to a significant extent by a frog based on this technical solution,
based mainly on the fact that it includes an external part following connection rails
and an internal part with crossing, which is pushed-placed in the external part recession
and it is connected with it on detachable basis.
[0012] From the point of view of the internal part setting it seems favourable for the fronts
of the internal part to be of wedge shaped form with matching treated recession fronts
in the external part.
[0013] In consideration of reliable fixation of the internal part, the external and internal
parts are connected on detachable basis using inserts flushed in gaps between the
sides of the external part and longitudinal grooves on sides of the internal part,
while the inserts are equipped with holes for screws with their nuts placed in shaped
grooves made in the external part recession bottom and continuing the assemblage holes
leading out of the external part.
[0014] It is favourable if the gap and the insert are wedge-shaped for reliable securing
of the internal part.
[0015] It is purposeful - in consideration of resistance - for at least one internal part
to be made of abrasion-resistant steel, mainly bainitic steel.
[0016] In consideration of easy dismantling it seems favourable for the insert and the internal
part to be equipped with continuous threaded holes.
[0017] It is favourable - in consideration of pollution - for the assemblage holes and continuous
threaded holes to be blinded.
List of Figures in Drawings
[0018] The technical solution will be explained in detail using drawings, where Fig.1 schematically
shows the view of the frog, Fig.2 shows the detail of internal and external part of
the frog and Fig.3 shows a detail of the external part of the frog with removed internal
part.
Description of Samples
[0019] As you can see from the figures enclosed, the frog includes a bigger part, connected
with connection rails
2. The recession
3 made in the external part
1 houses a push-placed internal part
4 with crossing
5. For good setting it seems favourable for the fronts
6 of the internal part
4 to be of wedge shaped form with matching treated recession fronts
7 of the recession
3. The internal part
4 with crossing
5 is connected on detachable basis with the external part
1 using the inserts
8, arranging side settings of the internal part
4. The inserts
8 are recessed into gaps
9 between side walls
10 of the external part
1 a longitudinal grooves
11 on side walls
12 of the internal part
4. Inserts
8 are equipped with holes
13 for screws
14, with their nuts
15 inserted in shaped grooves
16 made in the bottom
17 of the recession
3 of the external part
1, while the shaped grooves
16 house - from the outer side of the external part
1 - the assemblage holes
18, ideally of round shape for round-shaped nuts. The assemblage holes
18 lead from the outer side of the external part
1 to shaped grooves
16._
[0020] For better settlement of the internal part
4 it is suitable for the gap to be wedge-shapes for wedge-shaped inserts
8. The material for external and internal parts
1,
4 should be abrasion-resistant, for example bainitic steel.
So as to make dismantling easier, the inserts
8 and the internal part
4 house threaded holes
19. In consideration of possible pollution it is suitable for the assemblage holes
18 and threaded holes 19 to be blinded by covers not shown in the example.
[0021] In the course of assemblage, the internal part
4 is inserted to the recession
3 of the external part
1, through assemblage holes
18 there are inserted the inserts
8 and screws
14 to shaped grooves
16 and to the gap
9 - they pass up to the inserts
8 and they are screwed to nuts
15 and tightened, which means that the position of the internal part
4 is secured.
[0022] In the course of dismantling, the screws are screwed out - it does not matter if
they break. Then, non-displayed screws are screwed into continuous threaded holes
19 and by their tightening, the internal part
4 and inserts
8 move out of the recession
3 of the external part. The nut
15 is pushed - using the assemblage holes
18 - to the extended part
20 of shaped grooves
16, from where it can be easily taken out. That is the end of dismantling.
Industrial Applicability
[0023] The frog can be favourably used in switches of town tram transport.
1. Frog, mainly of a rail switch of town transport, including an external part (1) continuing
connecting rails (2) and an internal part (4) with crossing (5) placed in a recession
(3) adjusted in the external part (1) and connected with the external part (1) on
detachable basis, characterised in that the external part (1) and the internal part (4) are connected on detachable basis
using inserts (8) recessed into gaps (9) between side walls of the external part (1)
and longitudinal grooves (11) on side walls (12) of the internal part (4), while the
inserts (8) are equipped with holes (13) for screws (14), with their nuts (15) inserted
in shaped grooves (16) adjusted in the bottom (17) of the recession (3) of the external
part (1) and continuing assemblage holes (18) leading out of the external part (1),
said screws (14) being screwed to said nuts (15) and tightened, thereby securing the
position of the internal part (4).
2. Frog according to claim 1, characterised by the fact that faces (6) of the internal part (4) are of wedge shape and there are
accordingly adjusted even the fronts (7) of the recession (3) in the external part
(1).
3. Frog according to claim 1, characterised by the fact that gaps (9) are wedge-shaped for the wedge profile of inserts (8).
4. Frog according to claims 1 and 2, characterised by the fact that at least the internal part (4) is made of abrasion-resistant steel,
mainly bainitic steel.
5. Frog according to claim 1, characterised by the fact that the insert (8) and the internal part (4) are equipped with continuous
threaded holes (19).
6. Frog according to claims 1 and 5, characterised by the fact that the assemblage holes (18) and continuous threaded holes (19) are blinded.
1. Herzstück, vorzugsweise Weichen der Gleise des städtischen Transports, einen externen
Teil (1), der auf Anschlussschienen (2) anknüpft und einen internen Teil (4) mit einer
Kreuzung (5) umfassend, der in eine Aussparung (3) angebracht ist, die in dem externen
Teil (1) vorgesehen und mit dem externen Teils (1) trennbar verbunden ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der externe Teil (1) und der interne Teil (4) trennbar verbunden sind anhand Einlegestücken
(8), die in Spalten (9) zwischen den Seitenwänden des externen Teils (1) und den länglichen
Einschnitten (11) auf den Seitenwänden (12) des internen Teils (4) versenkt sind,
während die Einlegestücke (8) über Löcher (13) für Schrauben (14) verfügt, deren Muttern
(15) in die auf dem Boden (17) der Aussparung (3) des externen Teils (1) angebrachten
geformten Einschnitte (16) eingelegt sind und auf aus dem externen Teil (1) führende
Montagelöcher (18) anknüpfen, gennannte Schrauben (14) sind in die genannten Muttern
(15) eingeschraubt und nachgespannt, somit die Position des internen Teils (4) ab
sichernd.
2. Herzstück nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Stirnflächen (6) des internen Teils (4) keilförmig sind und auch die Stirnflächen
(7) der Aussparung (3) sind entsprechend in dem externen Teils (1) angebracht.
3. Herzstück nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Spalten (9) keilförmig für den Keilprofil der Einlegestücke (8) sind.
4. Herzstück nach Ansprüchen 1 und 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass mindestens der interne Teil (4) aus abriebfestem Stahl, vorzugsweise bainitischem
Stahl gefertigt ist.
5. Herzstück nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Einlegestück (8) und der interne Teil (4) mit kontinuierlichen Gewindelöchern
(19) ausgestattet sind.
6. Herzstück nach Ansprüchen 1 und 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Montagelöcher (18) und die kontinuierlichen Gewindelöcher (19) verblendet sind.
1. Coeur de croisement, en particulier coeur de l'aiguille des rails de transports urbains,
comportant un élément extérieur (1) communiquant avec les rails adjacents (2) et un
élément intérieur (4) avec croisement (5) qui est posé dans un creux (3) ajusté dans
1 'élément extérieur (1) et assemblé de manière démontable avec l'élément extérieur
(1), caractérisé en ce que l'élément extérieur (1) et l'élément intérieur (4) sont assemblés de manière démontable
par l'intermédiaire des pièces intercalaires (8) insérées dans les jeux (9) entre
les parois latérales de l'élément extérieur (1) et les entailles longitudinales (11)
sur les parois latérales (12) de l'élément intérieur (4) les pièces intercalaires
(8) étant pourvues des orifices (13) pour les vis (14) dont les écrous (15) sont insérés
dans les rainures (16) aménagées dans le fond (17) du creux (3) de l'élément extérieur
(1) et communiquant avec les orifices de montage (18) débouchant en dehors de l'élément
extérieur (1) lesdites vis (14) étant vissées dans lesdits écrous (15) et resserrées
pour sécuriser la position de l'élément intérieur 4.
2. Coeur de croisement selon la revendication 1 caractérisé en ce que les faces frontales (6) de l'élément intérieur (4) sont cunéiformes les faces frontales
(7) du creux (3) dans l'élément extérieur (1) étant aménagées de façon identique.
3. Coeur de croisement selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que les jeux (9) sont cunéiformes pour pouvoir recevoir le profil cunéiforme des pièces
intercalaires (8).
4. Coeur de croisement selon les revendications 1 et 2, caractérisé en ce qu'au moins 1 'élément intérieur (4) est conçu en acier résistant à l'abrasion, en particulier
l'acier bainitique.
5. Coeur de croisement selon la revendication 1 caractérisé en ce que la pièce intercalaire (8) et l'élément intérieur (4) sont pourvus des orifices filetés
de passage (19).
6. Coeur de croisement selon les revendications 1 et 5, caractérisé en ce que les orifices de montage (18) et les orifices filetés de passage (19) sont aveuglés.