[0001] The present invention relates to joist hangers used to connect two members such as
I-joists, and in particular to multi-functional joist hangers that are adjustable
to provide for variations in the size/shape of the connected members.
INTRODUCTION
[0002] The use of timber engineered structural components in the world is growing. I-joists,
in particular, are used in floors, roof framing, wall framing and whole structural
portal frames and roof trusses due to their high strength to weight ratio and associated
advantageous characteristics when compared to traditional solid timber beams.
[0003] As shown in Figure 1 (a) and (b), an I-joist 1, 3 comprises two main parts, the web
5 and flanges 7, 9. The web 5 is sandwiched between a top 7 and bottom flange 9, creating
the "I" shape. The flange 7, 9 can be made from laminated veneer lumber or solid wood
finger-jointed together for ultimate strength. It is then grooved on one side to receive
the web 5. The web 5 is typically made from plywood, laminated veneer lumber, or oriented
strand board.
[0004] In house construction, for example, joist hangers are frequently used to typically
connect two joists, or a joist with any other support structure, at a 90 degree angle.
However, it may be required to connect the joists at any other desired angle. To form
such a connection, the joist hanger is either face-fixed or top-fixed to the support
provided by another joist or support structure.
[0005] For example, Figure 1 (a) shows two I-joists 1 and 3 connected at a 90 degree angle,
wherein I-joist 1 is face-fixed to a side portion of I-joist 3 via a typical face-fix
joist hanger 11. Face-fixing hangers are only fixed (e.g. nailed) to a side surface
of the support via its side flanges 12. A bracket 13 connected to the side flanges
12 receives and supports joist 1, wherein the bracket is usually fixed to the joist
flanges 14 and 15.
[0006] Figure 1 (b) shows two I-joists 1, 3 connected at a 90 degree angle, wherein I-joist
1 is top-fixed to I-joist 3 via a typical top-fix joist hanger 16. Top-fixing hangers
comprise top flanges 18 that sit on a top surface 20 of the support structure, e.g.
I-joist 3, with nails being passed through the top flange 18.
[0007] Top-fixing hangers, such as joist hanger 16, may be used for light/medium load applications
using fewer fixings (e.g. nails) to allow a quick and easy installation. Face-fixing
hangers, such as joist hanger 11, are often used for higher load applications using
considerably more fixings (e.g. nails) making the installation more time consuming
and expensive. Face-fixing hangers may also be used because it is simply impractical
or undesirable to have a top flange 18 located on the top surface 20 of the support
structure, e.g. I-joist 3.
[0008] Therefore, at least two types of hanger (such as joist hangers 11 and 16) are required
to provide for face-fixing connections and top-fixing connections. Also, the top flange
portion is pre-formed (L-shape or U-shape) and does not allow for any variations in
joist depth, position or support joist width.
[0009] Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to provide an improved joist
hanger that can be used for face-fixing as well as top-fixing and that is adjustable
within a range to joists of various shape and size without compromising the position
accuracy and fixation location on the support structure.
[0010] It is a further object of the present invention to overcome one or more of the above
disadvantages of the prior art.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
[0011] According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a joist hanger
comprising:
a support bracket, having a base portion and two substantially parallel side portions
upstanding from opposing edges of said base portion;
at least one back flange portion adjoining at least one of said two side portions
at a longitudinal edge of respective at least one of said two side portions and adapted
to abut a face-fixing surface;
at least one top flange portion, adjoining said at least one back flange portion at
an edge distal to said base portion and adapted to be moveable between a face-fixing
position, wherein said top flange portion is coplanar to said at least one back flange
portion, and a top-fixing position, wherein said top flange portion is non-coplanar
to said at least one back flange portion, further comprising at least one longitudinally
elongated fixing aperture and an articulation axis extending transversely of the hanger
between the top flange portion and the back flange portion and being variable in location
within the region defined by the length of said longitudinally elongated fixing aperture.
[0012] By providing an articulation axis in the region of the hanger defined by the length
of the longitudinally elongated aperture, in the top fixing position, at least one
top fixing and at least one face fixing are locateable into a support structure through
the elongated aperture. The support structure may be of variable depth dimension whilst
still being suitable for attachment of the hanger due to the variable location of
the articulation axis of the hanger.
[0013] Advantageously, said at least one top flange portion may comprise a plurality of
longitudinally elongated fixing apertures arranged in parallel or angled relative
to one another.
By providing the articulation axis, said top flange portion is adapted to bend about
said articulation axis in a region defined by the length of said at least one longitudinally
elongated fixing aperture. In this way, one joist hanger accommodates either face-fixing
or top-fixing, wherein the selectively moveable top flange ensures a snug fit with
the top surface of the support structure, even in the event that the top surface of
the support structure is not perpendicular to its front surface. In particular, at
the time of fixing the joist hanger to the support structure, the top flange is aligned
exactly with the top surface of the support structure.
[0014] In addition, the joist hanger of the present invention provides the advantage that
the top surface of the joist can be accurately aligned with the top surface of the
support structure. In particular, the at least one longitudinally elongated fixing
aperture provides a limited region within which the top flange may bend at the selected
articulation axis about the edge of the support structure therefore providing a joist
hanger depth that exactly matches the depth required to accurately align the top surfaces
of the joist and support structure (which may be another joist or beam, for example).
Furthermore, the at least one longitudinally elongated fixing aperture ensures that
fixings, such as nails, can be placed through the top flange portion as well as through
the back flange portion irrespective of the final joist hanger depth. Also, providing
a plurality of longitudinally elongated apertures allows for a variety of fixing positions
on the I-joist and support structure. For example, three longitudinally elongated
fixing apertures may be arranged in parallel or angled relative to one another within
the at least one top flange portion therefore providing optimized location for the
fixings.
[0015] Therefore, the joist hanger of the present invention provides improved adaptability
to variations in shape and size of the support structure and depth of the connected
joists. Also, the multi-functional joist hanger (adjustable, top-fixing, face-fixing)
provides the advantage of minimizing the cost for initial acquisition, because one
joist hanger may be used for various applications and for a range of joist depths.
[0016] Preferably, said top flange portion may be coplanar with respect to said at least
one back flange portion when in said face-fixing position.
[0017] Preferably, said top flange portion may adjoin said at least one back flange portion
in a plane substantially perpendicular to the plane including said back flange portion
when in said top-fixing position. It will be understood that in the top-fixing position,
the top flange portion is bent relative to the back flange portion about the articulation
axis of the hanger.
[0018] Said at least one back flange portion may adjoin said respective at least one of
said two side portions in a plane non-coplanar to planes including said two side portions.
Most specifically, said at least one back flange portion may adjoin said respective
at least one of said two side portions in a plane substantially perpendicular to planes
including said two side portions.
[0019] This provides the advantage that a simple blank of a predetermined shape can be used
to form the joist hanger of the present invention.
[0020] The at least one back flange portion may include first and second back flange portions
each adjoined to one of said two side portions, respectively. Preferably, said first
and second back flange portion may extend laterally outward from respective side portions.
[0021] This provides the advantage of minimizing stress related rotation of the joist with
respect to the support structure it is connected to.
[0022] Advantageously, said top flange portion may be detachable from said at least one
back flange portion allowing the joist hanger to be limited to face fixing only. More
specifically, the top flange portion may be detachable from said at least one back
flange portion at the articulation axis. In this way, the top flange portion and the
at least one back flange portion are separable from one another along the articulation
axis of the hanger.
[0023] The joist hanger may further comprise at least one recess transversely aligned to
and in a region defined by a length of said longitudinally elongated fixing aperture,
and adapted to provide a predetermined crease line for said top flange portion. In
these embodiments, the predetermined crease line forms the articulation axis of the
hanger. Advantageously, the at least one recess may be located at or proximal to a
lower apex of the at least one longitudinally elongated fixing aperture. Preferably,
said at least one recess may be adapted to allow said at least one top flange portion
to detach from respective said at least one back flange portion when moved back in
a direction opposite to its top-fixing position. In such embodiments, the top flange
portion is bent about the articulation axis relative to the back flange portion in
a direction opposite to that forming the top-fixing position.
[0024] In certain embodiments, the joist hanger may further comprise a plurality of said
recesses located at a plurality of predetermined positions within said region defined
by the length of said at least one longitudinally elongated fixing aperture. More
specifically, each of said plurality of recesses provides an articulation axis about
which the top flange portion may be bent relative to the adjacent back flange portion.
[0025] This provides the advantage of facilitating the movement of the top flange portion
into its top-fixing position about predetermined crease lines which crease lines form
articulation axes. More than one predetermined recess may be used to provide a predetermined
selection of crease line positions and improve the ease of use and variation of position.
[0026] The at least one top flange portion may comprise a first and second top flange portion
adjoining said respective first and second back flange portion, each one of said first
and second top flange portion may comprise said at least one longitudinally elongated
fixing aperture and at least one articulation axis. Alternatively, the at least one
top flange portion may comprise a first and second top flange portion adjoining said
respective first and second back flange portion, each one of said first and second
top flange portion may comprise said plurality of longitudinally elongated fixing
apertures and at least one articulation axis.
[0027] Advantageously, said side portions, at least one back flange portion and/or said
at least one top flange portion may be provided with a plurality of additional fixing
apertures arranged so as to optimize load capacity.
[0028] At least part of said plurality of additional fixing apertures may be of circular
shape. Alternatively, at least part of said plurality of additional fixing apertures
may be of polygon shape. Preferably, at least part of said plurality of additional
fixing apertures may be of triangular shape.
[0029] The circular shaped recesses, such as nail holes, are advantageously located at the
top and bottom flanges or the openweb of the I-joist allowing fixing without backer
blocks. The polygonal or triangular recesses, such as nail holes, may be optional
and may provide an enhanced load and a fully face-fixed hanger.
[0030] The joist hanger may further comprise a base portion back plate upstanding from an
edge of said base portion and coplanar with respect to said at least one back flange
portion, and may be adapted to limit movement of a joist past said at least one back
flange portion.
[0031] The base portion back plate may be an upstand or maybe provided by one or more lugs
upstanding from the edge of the base portion and substantially perpendicular thereto.
[0032] Advantageously, the joist hanger may further comprise at least one edge flange adjoined
along at least part of a longitudinal lateral edge of said at least one back flange
portion. More specifically, the edge flange is located opposite the edge adjoining
the side portion and may be folded forwardly of the back flange portion.
[0033] Advantageously, the joist hanger may further comprise at least one edge flange adjoined
along at least part of a transverse edge of said at least one back flange portion.
[0034] This provides the advantage of an improved stiffness of the joist hanger.
[0035] The joist hanger may be substantially as herein described with reference to the accompanying
drawings.
[0036] According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a blank
suitable for forming a joist hanger according to the first aspect of the invention.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0037] Preferred embodiments of the present invention will now be described, by way of example
only and not in any limitative sense, with reference to the accompanying drawings,
in which:
Figure 1 shows (a) an isometric view of a known face-fix joist hanger connecting two I-joist,
and (b) an isometric view of a known top-fix joist hanger connecting two I-joists,
Figure 2 shows an isometric view of a joist hanger in accordance with the present invention
in its face-fixing position,
Figure 3 shows an isometric view of a joist hanger in accordance with the present invention
in its top-fixing position,
Figure 4 shows a (a) top, (b) front and (c) side view of a joist hanger in accordance with
the present invention in its face-fixing position,
Figure 5 shows (a) a partial view of a back flange portion and adjoined top-flange portion,
wherein the top-flange portion comprises a transverse recess at or proximal to the
lower apex of the longitudinally elongated fixing apertures, (b) a partial view of
a back flange portion and adjoined top-flange portion, wherein the top-flange portion
comprises a plurality of transverse recesses, a side view of the top flange portion
moving from (c) its face-fixing position to (d) its top-fixing position about the
predetermined crease line defined by a transverse recess, and
Figure 6 shows an isometric view of a joist hanger in accordance with the present invention
in its permanent face-fixing position after top-flanges are snapped off.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
[0038] Referring now to Figures 2, 3 and 4, an example of a first embodiment of the joist
hanger 100 is described. The joist hanger comprises a bracket 110, including a base
portion 120 and two parallel side portions 130 upstanding perpendicular from opposing
edges of the base portion 120. Two back flange portions 140 are adjoined to longitudinal
edges of respective side portions 130, extending laterally in a plane perpendicular
to the planes defined by each one of the two side portions 130. A top flange portion
150 is adjoined to each one of the two back flange portions 140 at a location distal
to the base portion 120. Each one of the two top flange portion 150 includes three
longitudinally elongated fixing apertures 160, which define a region about which the
top flange portion 150 is preferably bent, or "wiped over" about an articulation axis
extending transversely of the top flange portion 150 and back flange portion 140,
when moving the top flange portion 150 between its face-fixing position and top-fixing
position.
[0039] In this particular example, three longitudinally elongated fixing apertures 160 are
positioned at acute angles with respect to each other. However, it is understood that
any suitable number of longitudinally elongated fixing apertures 160 and respective
parallel or angled position may be used. The longitudinally elongated fixing apertures
160 provide a region of least resistance when applying a bending force to the top
flange portion 150. Therefore, the top flange portion 150 may be repeatedly moved
about an articulation axis between its face-fixing position and top-fixing position
without significantly compromising the structural integrity of the joist hanger 100.
[0040] Additional fixing apertures 180, 182 may be provided on the side portions 130, the
back flange portions 140 and the top flange portions 150, where they are strategically
placed to fix the joist hanger 100 to the side and top surfaces of the joist flanges
or, in case backer blocks are used, within a region of the joist web. Preferably,
the additional fixing apertures 180 for the joist flange are of circular shape, wherein
the additional fixing apertures 182 for the joist web are of triangular shape. However,
it is understood by the person skilled in the art that any suitable number, location
and shape may be used for the additional fixing apertures 180, 182.
[0041] Furthermore, the base portion 120 may include a base portion back plate 122 upstanding
from an edge of the base portion and coplanar with the back flange portions 140. The
base portion back plate 122 may be replaced by one or more lugs foldable out of the
plane of the base portion to be upstanding substantially perpendicular therefrom.
[0042] In use, the joist hanger 100 may be positioned and fixed at a side surface of another
joist or support structure such that the top surfaces of the connecting joists are
vertically aligned and the top flange portion 150 overlaps the edge of the side surface
of the other joist or support structure. A force is then applied to the top flange
portion 150 in order to bend ("wipe over") the top flange portion 150 at the edge
170 of the joists side surface (see Figure 3). Fixings, such as nails or screws or
any other fixing elements, are placed through the additional fixing apertures 180,
182. In the particular example of using the joist hanger in its top-fixing position,
fixings may only be placed into the top surface of the support structure through the
longitudinally elongated fixing apertures 160 and/or the additional fixing apertures
180. The longitudinally elongated fixing apertures 160 ensure that the fixing for
the top surface of the support structure can be optimally located irrespective of
the depth of the front surface of the support structure, such as an I-joist.
[0043] The top-fixed joist hanger 100 may be reused for face-fixing as well as another top-fixing
by simply removing the fixings (e.g. nails) and moving the top flange portion 150
back to its face-fixing position.
[0044] Referring now to Figure 5 and 6, the top flange portion 150 may be snapped off to
ensure the joist hanger is only used for face-fixing. Snapping off the top flange
portion 150 can be particularly useful when the joist hanger 100 has been reused and
the top flange portion 150 has been moved frequently, and the structural integrity
of the top flange portion is compromised.
[0045] In an alternative embodiment, the top flange portion 150 may be provided with an
articulation axis in the form of a transverse recess 200 to facilitate the movement
of the top flange portion and provide a predetermined crease line about which the
top flange portion is bent with respect to the back flange portion 140. Also, the
transverse recess 200 assists the user when either bending or snapping off the top
flange portion 150, therefore improving the ease of use. Preferably, the transverse
recess 200 is located at or proximal to a lower apex of the at least one longitudinally
elongated fixing apertures 160.
[0046] Additionally, further transverse recesses 202, 204 may be provided at different locations
within the region of the top flange defined by the length of the longitudinally elongated
fixing apertures 160. This provides additional articulation axes in the form of predetermined
crease lines facilitating the movement and/or detachment of the top flange portion
150 at specific locations.
[0047] During top-fixing use, the top flange portion 150 may be placed at the side surface
of the support structure (e.g. joist) such that a predetermined transverse recess
200, 202, 204 is aligned with the edge of the support structure. The top flange portion
105 is then bent ("wiped over") at the predetermined transverse recess 200, 202, 204
and fixed to the top surface via fixings (e.g. nails). In the event the user wishes
to limit the joist hanger to face fixing only, the top flange portion 150 is simply
moved in a direction opposite its top-fixing position about a transverse recess 200,
202, 204 so that it snaps off at a predetermined location providing a clean cutting
profile 210.
[0048] Additionally, another edge flange (not shown) may be provided along the longitudinal
lateral edge and/or a transverse proximal edge of each one of the two back flange
portions 140 in order to provide optimal stiffness to the joist hanger 100.
[0049] The joist hanger 100 of the present invention may be manufactured by cutting or pressing
a suitable blank and subsequently bending the pre-cut /pre-pressed sides to form the
joist hanger 100.
[0050] It will be appreciated by persons skilled in the art that the above embodiment has
been described by way of example only and not in any limitative sense, and that various
alterations and modifications are possible without departing from the scope of the
invention as defined by the appended claims.
1. A joist hanger comprising:
a support bracket, having a base portion and two substantially parallel side portions
upstanding from opposing edges of said base portion;
at least one back flange portion adjoining at least one of said two side portions
at a longitudinal edge of respective at least one of said two side portions and adapted
to abut a face-fixing surface;
at least one top flange portion, adjoining said at least one back flange portion at
an edge distal to said base portion and adapted to be moveable between a face-fixing
position, wherein said top-flange portion is coplanar said at least one back flange
portion, and a top-fixing position, wherein said top flange portion is non-coplanar
to said at least one back flange portion, further comprising at least one longitudinally
elongated fixing aperture and an articulation axis extending transversely of the hanger
between the top flange portion and the back flange portion and being variable in location
within the region defined by the length of said longitudinally elongated fixing aperture.
2. A joist hanger according to claim 1, wherein said at least one top flange portion
comprises a plurality of longitudinally elongated fixing apertures arranged in parallel
or angled relative to one another.
3. A joist hanger according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein said top flange
portion is coplanar with respect to said at least one back flange portion when in
said face-fixing position.
4. A joist hanger according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein said top flange
portion adjoins said at least one back flange portion in a plane substantially perpendicular
to the plane including said back flange portion when in said top-fixing position.
5. A joist hanger according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein said at least
one back flange portion adjoins said respective at least one of said two side portions
in a plane non-coplanar to planes including said two side portions.
6. A joist hanger according to claim 5, wherein said at least one back flange portion
adjoins said respective at least one of said two side portions in a plane substantially
perpendicular to planes including said two side portions.
7. A joist hanger according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein said at least
one back flange portion includes first and second back flange portion adjoined to
one of said two side portions, respectively.
8. A joist hanger according to claim 7, wherein said first and second back flange portions
extend laterally outward from respective side portions.
9. A joist hanger according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein said top flange
portion is detachable from said at least one back flange portion.
10. A joist hanger according to claim 9, wherein said top flange portion is detachable
from said at least one back flange portion at the articulation axis.
11. A joist hanger according to any one of the preceding claims, further comprising at
least one recess transversely aligned to and in a region defined by a length of said
at least one longitudinally elongated fixing aperture, and adapted to provide a predetermined
crease line for said top flange portion.
12. A joist hanger according to claim 11, wherein said at least one recess is located
at or proximal to a lower apex of the at least one longitudinally elongated fixing
aperture.
13. A joist hanger according to claims 11 or 12, wherein said at least one recess is adapted
to allow said at least one top flange portion to detach from respective said at least
one back flange portion when moved back in a direction opposite to its top-fixing
position.
14. A joist hanger according to claims 11 to 13, further comprising a plurality of said
recesses located at a plurality of predetermined positions within said region defined
by the length of said at least one longitudinally elongated fixing aperture.
15. A joist hanger according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein said at least
one top flange portion comprises a first and second top flange portion adjoining said
respective first and second back flange portion, each one of said first and second
top flange portion comprising said at least one longitudinally elongated fixing aperture
and at least one articulation axis.
16. A joist hanger according to any one of claims 1 to 14, wherein said at least one top
flange portion comprises a first and second top flange portion adjoining said respective
first and second back flange portion, each one of said first and second top flange
portion comprising said plurality of longitudinally elongated fixing apertures and
at least one articulation axis.
17. A joist hanger according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein said side portions,
at least one back flange portion and/or said at least one top flange portion are provided
with a plurality of additional fixing apertures arranged so as to optimize load capacity.
18. A joist hanger according to any one of the preceding claims, further comprising a
base portion back plate upstanding from an edge of said base portion and coplanar
with respect to said at least one back flange portion, and adapted to limit movement
of a joist past said at least one back flange portion.
19. A joist hanger according to any one of the preceding claims, further comprising at
least one edge flange adjoined along at least part of a longitudinal lateral edge
of said at least one back flange portion.
20. A joist hanger according to any one of the preceding claims, further comprising at
least one edge flange adjoined along at least part of a transverse edge of said at
least one back flange portion.
21. A joist hanger substantially as herein described with reference to the accompanying
drawings.
22. A blank suitable for forming a joist hanger according to any one of claims 1 to 21.