Technical background
[0002] Stringent energy efficiency requirements for buildings have led to a situation where
it is difficult, if not impossible, to achieve the highest energy efficiency classification
when using windows with single glazing in the outer sash. As a result of the potentially
increasingly stricter energy efficiency requirements in the future, window manufacturers
have started to produce windows with double-glazed outer sash.
[0003] One of the most energy efficient windows at present is Watti Eko WNS-A by Lammin
Ikkuna Oy. According to the manufacturer's advertisement, the window enables an annual
energy consumption (so-called E-value, energy consumption in accordance with a method
of calculation by Motiva Oy and VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland in the conditions
prevailing in Jyväskylä) of 42 kWh/m
2/a with a coefficient of thermal transmittance (so-called U-value) of 0.66 W/m
2K. The inventors have estimated that the said window is technically very challenging
to manufacture.
Objective of invention
[0004] The objective of our invention is to enable an increase in the energy efficiency
of a window suited to industrial-scale serial production on one hand, and on the other
hand to simplify the manufacture of energy-efficient windows.
[0005] At least one of these objectives can be attained by means of the window in accordance
with independent claim 1.
[0006] The dependent claims describe the preferred embodiments of the window.
Advantages of invention
[0007] The window comprises an inner sash and outer sash, which are installed in a frame
structure, and an intermediate space between the sashes. The outer sash comprises
the outer pane of insulation glass unit of the outer sash and the inner pane of insulation
glass unit of the outer sash.
[0008] Over its load-bearing portion, the outer sash comprises a 15-24 mm high pane rebate,
which is essentially even, and has no raising on the edge on the side of the outer
pane of the outer sash and has a raising on the edge on the side of the inner pane
of the outer sash. The surface areas of the outer pane of the outer sash and of the
inner pane of the outer sash are essentially equally large. On all their edges, the
outer pane of the outer sash and the inner pane of the outer sash are fastened to
the outer sash by means of adhesive bonding (which is carried out on the edge on the
side of the inner pane of the outer sash by means of adhesive tape and which is carried
out beside the glazing sprigs by means of bulk adhesive) and glazing sprigs at the
pane rebate. The outer pane of the outer sash leaves the front side of the outer sash
free.
[0009] In the window in accordance with our invention, the height of the load-carrying portion
of the pane rebate is much smaller than the height of 30-60 mm commonly used in current
windows with panes of insulation glass units, and somewhat smaller than the height
of approximately 27 mm used in the patent applicant's product family ALFA HUURTUMATON
ENERGIAIKKUNA (R). The outer sash of the window, where the outer sash is made of wood
or profiled aluminium section, conducts so much better heat than a window pane made
of insulation glass unit that the thermal transmittance of the window caused by the
sash alone makes it challenging to attain the best A++ class (in other words, E <
45 kWh/m
2/a calculated in the conditions prevailing in Jyväskylä), even if the best available
insulation glass units were used as the panes in the window. Implementing the pane
rebate without a raising reduces the thermal loss taking place from the outer sash
through radiation.
[0010] Implementing a window with a load-bearing portion of the pane rebate that has a height
as small as this requires that the outer pane of the outer sash and the inner pane
of the outer sash are fastened on all their edges to the outer sash by means of adhesive
bonding (which is preferably carried out by using two-sided adhesive tape), glazing
sprigs and bulk adhesive at the pane rebate. When the height of the load-bearing portion
of the pane rebate is smaller than earlier, the structural solution of the window
becomes so light and slender that the required strength of the structure can no longer
be achieved unless the insulating glass element which comprises the outer pane of
the outer sash and the inner pane of the outer sash is included as a factor which
stiffens the structure of the window.
[0011] Our invention allows to have a window where the coefficient of thermal transmittance
is 0.69 W/m
2K or smaller with an outer sash made of profiled aluminium section and below 0.60
W/m
2K with an outer sash made of wood.
[0012] As compared to the Watti Eko WNS-A window, a window in accordance with our invention
equipped with an outer sash made of wood can achieve a smaller coefficient of thermal
transmittance (0.58 vs. 0.66) than the Watti Eko WNS-A window equipped with an outer
sash made of wood, and, when equipped with an outer sash made of profiled aluminium
section, a coefficient of thermal transmittance (0.65-0.69 vs. 0.66) which is in the
same range as that of the Watti Eko WNS-A window equipped with an outer sash made
of wood.
[0013] By implementing our invention by using an outer sash made of wood, the energy efficiency
of the window can hence be increased by reducing the coefficient of thermal transmittance
of the window considerably as compared to current technology.
[0014] By implementing our invention by using an outer sash made of profiled aluminium section,
the manufacture of energy-efficient windows can be simplified as compared to current
technology: a profiled aluminium section with similar characteristics can be cut,
joined and surface-treated much more easily than wood during the manufacture of the
window.
[0015] With a window in accordance with our invention, it is possible to achieve better
protection against the breaking of the outer pane of the outer sash when the window
is open, if the depth of the pane rebate has been chosen so that the outer pane of
the outer sash has enough room to go inside the pane rebate in the depth direction.
This is of great importance especially when the window is being washed or if the window
is a ventilation window.
[0016] The fastening enables the achievement of especially the effect that both panes of
the outer sash support the outer sash, and on the other hand the outer sash supports
the panes against torsion from all directions or impacts.
[0017] In thermodynamic examination, the lack of a threshold in the pane rebate in the window
of our invention reduces the transmission of heat especially through radiation away
from the outer pane of the outer sash, because, due to the lack of a raising in the
pane rebate on the edge on the side of the outer pane, the surface area of the outer
side of the outer sash can be reduced as compared to for example the patent applicant's
ALFA HUURTUMATON ENERGIAIKKUNA (R) series windows. The escape of heat from the sash
to outside air through radiation can therefore be limited almost exclusively to the
load-carrying portion of the pane rebate.
[0018] Our invention also gives another advantage as compared to a window specified in the
Watti Eko WNS-A product card. In accordance with common practice in the window industry,
a factory making insulation glass units delivers the complete window elements to the
window factory. In this case, the outer pane and the inner pane are usually delivered
fastened to each other and built into an air-tight window element. A window built
in accordance with prior art technology is technically very challenging to manufacture
due to the fact that the surface area of the outer pane of the outer sash is larger
than that of the inner pane: it is more difficult to handle and coat and/or potentially
paint window elements containing panes of different sizes at the factory making insulation
glass units. Moreover, transport from the factory making insulation glass units is
more challenging, and handling at the window factory is more complicated. In addition,
in order to ensure the durability of such a structure, the outer pane of the outer
sash should generally be made of tempered glass, which adds further to the manufacturing
costs. These drawbacks can be avoided by the use of a window in accordance with our
invention.
[0019] When the outer pane of the outer sash and the inner pane of the outer sash are connected
together by means of gas seal in order to make up an air-tight intermediate space
and when the outer edge of the pane rebate, which edge does not have a raising, is
covered by a screen fastened to the outer pane of the outer sash, which screen also
extends over the outer sash, it is possible to better ensure the long lifetime of
the gas seal when the screen protects the gas seal against the UV radiation of the
sun on one hand, and on the other hand it is also possible to better avoid the breaking
of the outer pane of the outer sash as a result of impacts coming from the outside,
when the screen dissipates some of the energy of the impacts to the outer sash. Potential
uneven spots remaining in the bulk adhesive when bulk adhesive is used can also be
hidden well, which gives an opportunity to have a neat and aesthetically pleasant
end result. The adhesive bonding of the screen to the glass prevents water and ice
from getting between the screen and glass.
[0020] When the screen is also fastened by means of bulk adhesive at the pane rebate, the
seal can be fastened in the same conjunction as when the outer pane and inner pane
of the outer sash are fastened to the outer sash. When the bulk adhesive is wet, the
screen remains in place because it is fastened to the outer pane of the outer sash.
This facilitates and expedites the handling of the window at the glass factory during
manufacture.
[0021] The long lifetime of the gas seal can be ensured better by means of the screen also
for example when the window is kept open. The screen prevents the premature ageing
of the gas seal due to UV radiation. If the window is a ventilation window, the screen
may have decisive importance in the retained energy efficiency of the window over
the years.
[0022] When the window also comprises a profile fastened to the frame structure so as to
protect the area between the frame structure and the outer sash, where the profile
is sealed in the area between the profile and the screen, the profile can reduce the
transmission of heat to the cold outside air by convection.
[0023] When the profile is shaped so that the mechanical contact of the profile with the
outer pane of the outer sash is arranged primarily or exclusively through the seal
at the screen, it is possible to better avoid the breaking of the glass in the outer
sash as a result of impacts directed at the profile. The seal absorbs some of the
energy of the impacts, and the screen also absorbs some of the energy of the impacts
before the energy is transmitted to the window, and the screen distributes the energy
over a wider area. The screen dissipates some of the energy of the impacts also to
the outer sash and therefore reduces the risk of breaking of the outer pane of the
outer sash.
[0024] When the area between the frame structure and outer sash, with the exception of the
drainage holes, is enclosed by means of the profile and seals, it is possible to considerably
reduce the convection of cold outside air to the outer sash. This contributes to the
improved energy efficiency of the window.
[0025] The window can also comprise a lower weathering that is fastened or that can be fastened
to the profile, where the lower weathering is supported by the lower part of the profile
to lead rain water further away from the level specified by the outer pane of the
outer sash. The profile can most preferably be fastened to the lower part of the profile
without tools.
[0026] In accordance with the preferred embodiment of the window, there is at least one
reduction resistance in the outer sash on the side opposite to the even area of the
pane rebate. In favourable conditions, the reduction resistance may reduce the conduction
of heat from the inside of the window to the outside of the window. At the reduction
resistance, the outer sash becomes narrower. In the sash underneath, the reduction
resistance serves as a water guide so that any water running along the outer pane
of the outer sash does not end up on the lower frame wood.
[0027] The reduction resistance can be implemented so that it contains at least one notch.
There is practically no conduction of heat at the notch, in which case only that part
of the outer sash, which remains between the inner surface of the notch and the even
area of the pane rebate, conducts heat. Such a reduction can serve as a heat conduction
resistance. With a suitable shape of the notch, the reduction can serve well as a
water guide.
[0028] In addition to this or instead of this, the window can be implemented so that the
reduction resistance contains at least one bevel. By means of the bevel, the stopping
of the conduction of heat does not take place that quickly, in which case the thermal
gradient occurring in very cold weather can be modified so that the amount of potential
condensation water can be reduced, and when there is a threshold at the lower end
of the bevel, it is easier to guide any water drops running along the bevel away from
the lower frame wood.
List of drawings
[0029] In what follows, the window is presented in more detail by means of the exemplary
embodiments in the enclosed drawings FIG 1-7. The drawings show:
- FIG 1
- window seen from the front of the light opening area from outside;
- FIG 2
- cross-section of a window with an outer sash made of wood in direction A1-A2 in accordance
with FIG 1;
- FIG 3
- cross-section of a window with an outer sash made of wood in direction B1-B2 in accordance
with FIG 1;
- FIG 4
- cross-section of a window with an outer sash made of profiled aluminium section in
direction A1-A2 in accordance with FIG 1;
- FIG 5
- cross-section of a window with an outer sash made of profiled aluminium section in
direction B1-B2 in accordance with FIG 1;
- FIG 6
- cross-section of the lower sash of a window presented in FIG 2 or 4 in more detail;
and
- FIG 7
- certain individual components of the window.
[0030] The same reference numbers refer to the same parts in all FIGs.
Detailed description of the invention
[0031] FIG 1 shows window 10 seen from the front of light opening area 15. Window 10 has
upper frame 11, lower frame 12, right frame 13 and left frame 14. Light opening area
15 comprises window glass.
[0032] The frames of window 10 can be made of wood, plastic, composite (especially wood
fibre composite), metal or combinations of these.
[0033] FIG 2 shows the cross-section of window 10 with an outer sash made of wood in direction
A1-A2 in accordance with FIG 1, and FIG 3 shows the cross-section in direction B1-B2.
[0034] In the manner shown in the cross-section, upper frame 11 of window 10 comprises upper
frame wood 111, and lower frame 12 comprises lower frame wood 112. Left frame 14 comprises
left frame wood 141 and right frame wood 142.
[0035] Lower frame wood 112, upper frame wood 111, left frame wood 141 and right frame wood
142 are not necessarily made of the material suggested by their description, but other
material options presented for the frame are also possible.
[0036] Window 10 has inner side 1 and outer side 3 (cf. FIG 2 and 3). Window 10 is installed
into place so that its inner side 1 faces the inside of the building and outer side
3 faces the outside. Intermediate space 2 remains between inner side 1 and outer side
3.
[0037] There is an inner element between inner side 1 and intermediate space 2. The inner
element comprises inner pane 151 of the inner sash and outer pane 152 of the inner
sash, and intermediate space 4 of the inner element exists between the panes.
[0038] There is an outer element between intermediate space 2 and outer side 3. The outer
element comprises inner pane 153 of the outer sash and outer pane 154 of the outer
sash, and intermediate space 5 of the outer element exists between the panes.
[0039] Inner pane 151 of the inner sash, outer pane 152 of the inner sash, inner pane 153
of the outer sash and outer pane 154 of the outer sash are made of insulation glass
units when high energy efficiency is sought.
[0040] Inner pane 151 of the inner sash and outer pane 152 of the inner sash are assembled
into a single element at the factory making insulation glass units. In what follows,
this element is referred to as inner element. Inner pane 153 of the outer sash and
outer pane 154 of the outer sash are also assembled into a single element at the factory
making insulation glass units. In what follows, this element is referred to as outer
element.
[0041] When we wish entire window 10, with the outer sash made of profiled aluminium section,
to have a coefficient of thermal transmittance in the range of ≤0.69 W/m
2K or with the outer sash made of wood to have a coefficient of thermal transmittance
in the range of ≤0.59 W/m
2K, we select the glasses for example as follows:
- As outer pane 154 of the outer sash, we use non-fogging glass with special coating
on the outer surface (ε = 0.017).
- As inner pane 153 of the outer sash, we use low-energy selective glass (ε = 0.013).
- As inner pane 151 of the inner sash, we use low-energy selective glass (ε = 0.013).
[0042] As inner pane 153 of the outer sash, we can especially use Pilkington Optitherm (TM)
S1N glass or glass with at least the same emissivity. We can also use the same glass
as outer pane 152 of the inner sash and as inner pane 151 of the inner sash. Intermediate
space 4 of the inner element and intermediate space 5 of the outer element are so-called
air-tight intermediate spaces, and the various surfaces of the inner element and outer
element can be coated in a manner known for example from the applicant's Finnish patent
application
20106030.
[0043] The air-tightness and gas-tightness of the inner element and outer element are secured
by means of butyl sealant 361 between spacer strip 69 and each pane and by means of
insulation glass package sealant 36. Insulation glass package sealant 36 can be for
example polysulphide, polyurethane, silicone or more generally any applicable sealant
for a hermetic space. Insulation glass package sealant 36, butyl sealant 361 and the
use of drying agents are specified in standard SFS-EN 1279-6.
[0044] Spacer strips 69 (cf. FIG 6) keep the panes apart from each other. Spacer strips
69 are usually also made of a heat-insulating material and thus contribute to reduced
conduction of heat. The drying agent inside spacer strips 69 aims to keep constant
moisture in the intermediate space.
[0045] The inner sash of window 10 in accordance with our invention can be implemented in
the same way as in current windows. Alternatively, it can be made applying the same
principle as for the outer sash of window 10 in accordance with our invention. In
this case, the profiled aluminium section presented below can also be included in
the inner sash, or it can be omitted.
[0046] The inner element is installed between upper inner sash 71 and lower inner sash 72
of the inner sash and fastened to inner sash 71, 72, 710, 720 glazing beads 21, 22.
The inner sash is fastened to the frame of window 10 by means of inner sash hinge
33. Inner sash seal 32 is used for sealing the gap between the inner sash and frames.
[0047] Upper outer sash 23, lower outer sash 24, left outer sash 241 and right outer sash
231 make up the outer sash frame of window 10 in accordance with outer sash FIG 2
and 3. The outer sash is fastened to the frame by means of outer sash hinge 135.
[0048] Outer sash seal 31 is used for sealing the gap between the outer sash and frames
over the portion of upper frame 11. Outer sash seal 31 is used for sealing the gap
between the outer sash and frames over the portion of right frame 13 and left frame
14, in other words only at the top and sides; however, without installing outer sash
seal 31 at the potentially required ventilation air gap.
[0049] The outer element including outer pane 154 of the outer sash and inner pane 153 of
the outer sash is installed into the pane rebate in upper outer sash 23, lower outer
sash 24, left outer sash 241 and right outer sash 231, with the depth of the pane
rebate being e. Height i of the pane rebate is approximately 15-18 mm. Height h of
the load-bearing portion is 15-24 mm. The pane rebate is essentially even and has
no raising on the edge on the side of outer pane 154 of the outer sash.
[0050] In the outer element, the surface areas of outer pane 154 of the outer sash and of
inner pane 153 of the outer sash are essentially equally large.
[0051] The outer element is fastened on all edges to the outer sash by means of glazing
sprigs 35, double-sided tape 610 and bulk adhesive 611 (for example polyurethane or
silicone) at the pane rebate. The adhesive bonding can also be carried out without
double-sided tape, but double-sided tape 610 simplifies the manufacturing process
of window 10 at the window factory.
[0052] Depth e of the pane rebate is most preferably chosen so that thickness d of the outer
element is smaller than or equal to e. In this way, outer pane 154 of the outer sash
has room to go entirely inside the pane rebate in the depth direction.
[0053] By turning each lock 34 around their axis, the outer sash and inner sash can be opened
for example for washing or ventilation.
[0054] Screen 38 is installed on the glass surface of outer pane 154 of the outer sash.
One of the purposes of screen 38 is to protect butyl sealant 361 and insulation glass
package sealant 36 against ultraviolet radiation, thus preventing the premature ageing
of butyl sealant 361 and insulation glass package sealant 36. Screen 38 is fastened
to outer pane 154 preferably by means of adhesive bonding by double-sided tape 39
(cf. FIG 6). Screen 38 is installed into place preferably immediately after the outer
element has been fastened to the outer sash by means of bulk adhesive 611. In this
way, screen 38 also adheres by means of bulk adhesive 611. On the other hand, double-sided
tape 39 keeps screen 38 in place also when bulk adhesive 611 is still wet, which facilitates
the handling of window 10 at the window factory.
[0055] Screen 38 may have foot 711 (cf. FIG 7). Foot 711 can be implemented as separate
feet, as a uniform foot profile or as a combination of these, and it is fastened by
means of bulk adhesive 611.
[0056] Screen 38 may go around the entire window. Alternatively, screen 38 can be installed
only on the lower edge of the window, or in addition to this also on the upper edge
of the window.
[0057] Profiled aluminium frame section 26 goes around outer pane 154 of the outer sash
on the outside. Profiled aluminium frame section 26 is fastened to upper frame wood
111, lower frame wood 112, left frame wood 141 and right frame wood 142 by means of
frame clips 28 installed preferably at regular intervals, for example 30-40 cm apart.
The shape of profiled aluminium frame section 26 is preferably such that it forms
air spaces 29 between itself and upper frame wood 111, lower frame wood 112, left
frame wood 141 and right frame wood 142 in order to cut the conduction of heat. The
shape of the profiled aluminium frame section can be chosen on the basis of the desired
appearance.
[0058] Profiled aluminium frame section 26 extends to the height of screen 38. Between profiled
aluminium frame section 26 and screen 38, there is profiled aluminium frame section
seal 27.
[0059] Profiled aluminium frame section 26 also preferably comprises a segment that forms
drainage space 30 with lower frame wood 112. Drainage space 30 is provided with lower
frame seal 37, the structure of which is described in more detail in FIG 7. Lower
frame seal 37 comprises seal foot 371, with which lower frame seal 37 is fastened
to lower frame wood 112; seal part 372, which forms outer sash seal 31; and outlet
part 373. The lower end of outlet part 373 is fastened to profiled aluminium frame
section 26 by means of adhesive bonding, for example using double-sided tape 39. Lower
frame seal 37 is sealed at its ends to the other window 10 structure. Lower frame
seal 37 prevents water from running into the inner structure of window 10 or the wall.
[0060] If water gets to into drainage space 30 from between profiled aluminium frame section
seal 27 and screen 38, the water runs along lower frame seal 37 to the lower part
of drainage space 30. Profiled aluminium frame section 26 to be installed at lower
frame wood 112 is preferably perforated at regular intervals, for example at intervals
of 15-30 cm. Cap 261 with hole is installed on the holes, and water which has ended
up in drainage space 30 can run out of drainage space 30 through the hole in the cap.
The outlet hole in cap 261 with hole is preferably at the lower part of cap 261.
[0061] Alternatively, the perforation can be made directly downwards from beside seal foot
371, in which case water is led downwards to outside window 10 onto lower weathering
36 (in other words weather strip) to be installed down. In this case, the outward
perforation and cap 261 can be omitted.
[0062] FIG 4 and 5 show an embodiment of window 10, where the outer sash is implemented
using a profiled aluminium section. The only difference between the embodiments is
that now upper outer sash 43, lower outer sash 44, right outer sash 431 and left outer
sash 441 are made of profiled aluminium section.
[0063] The coefficient of thermal transmittance U is a key parameter in the calculation
formula of energy efficiency specified for windows by Motiva Oy and VTT Technical
Research Centre of Finland:
where E = annual energy consumption (kWh/m
2/a), U = coefficient of thermal transmittance (W/m
2K), g = total transmittance ratio of solar radiation of the window (-) and L = air
permeability (m
3/m
2h).
[0064] The annual energy consumption of window 10 can be reduced significantly by decreasing
the coefficient of thermal transmittance U of the window even if the total transmittance
ratio of solar radiation of the window g and the air permeability L remained constant
or roughly constant.
[0065] Profiled aluminium frame sections 26 are cut with a mitre and assembled by means
of corner pieces before being installed into the actual frame. Profiled aluminium
frame section 26 is snapped into place after the frame clips 28 have been installed
into place for the installation of profiled aluminium frame sections 26 into the frames.
The fixing teeth in profiled aluminium frame section 26 at air space 29 are attached
to the fixing teeth in the frame clips.
[0066] Caps 261 of profiled aluminium frame section 26 are put into place at the drainage
holes of drainage space 30.
[0067] Lower weathering 63 is fastened to lower part 61 of profiled aluminium frame section
26 at the work site. For this, profiled aluminium frame section 26 may have shaped
tongue 62, with which lower weathering 63 can be tilted to the desired position. Lower
weathering 63 is preferably implemented so that its turning is also prevented by means
of the shaped tongue in lower part 61 of profiled aluminium frame section 26. In addition
to this or as an alternative to this, lower weathering 63 can be installed for example
to lower frame wood 112 by means of screw fixing.
[0068] The invention should not be understood to be limited only by the below claims, but
the invention is to be understood to include all their legal equivalents and the combinations
of the embodiments presented.
[0069] Profiled aluminium frame section 26 can also be implemented using a material other
than aluminium. The materials serving as alternatives to aluminium comprise especially
sheet metal and various plastics.
[0070] Profiled aluminium frame section 26 may have screen groove 723 as shown in FIG 7,
in which case window 10 resembles such an older model window where the outer sash
can be seen outside. Alternatively, profiled aluminium frame section 26 may be implemented
without screen groove 723 (for example with a straight profile) as presented in the
exemplary embodiments of FIG 2 - 6. Teeth 721, 722, which constitute the groove in
profiled aluminium frame section 26, enable the fastening of profiled aluminium frame
section 26, which has been sawn with a mitre, by means of fastening pieces going from
the corners into the groove.
[0071] A window in accordance with the embodiment shown in FIG 4 and 5, where the outer
sash of the window is made of profiled aluminium section, is relatively simple to
manufacture industrially. The strength characteristics of profiled aluminium section
are also favourable in view of the weight and necessary material thicknesses of the
outer element. However, the window can be implemented so that instead of using aluminium,
the outer sash is implemented with a composite structure (for example with a wood
fibre composite structure), in another metal, such as especially (preferably stainless)
steel, or as a combination of these.
List of reference numbers used:
[0072]
- 1
- inner side
- 2
- intermediate space
- 3
- outer side
- 4
- intermediate space of inner element
- 5
- intermediate space of outer element
- 10
- window
- 11
- upper sash
- 12
- lower sash
- 13
- right sash
- 14
- left sash
- 15
- light opening area
- 21, 22
- glazing bead
- 23
- upper outer sash
- 24
- lower outer sash
- 26
- profiled aluminium frame section
- 27
- profiled aluminium frame section seal
- 28
- frame clip
- 29
- air space
- 30
- drainage space
- 31
- outer sash seal
- 32
- sash seal
- 33
- inner sash hinge
- 34
- lock
- 35
- glazing sprig
- 36
- insulation glass package sealant
- 37
- lower sash seal
- 38
- screen
- 39
- double-sided tape
- 43
- upper outer sash (profile)
- 44
- lower outer sash (profile)
- 63
- lower weathering
- 69
- spacer strip
- 71
- upper inner sash
- 72
- lower inner sash
- 111
- upper frame wood
- 112
- lower frame wood
- 135
- outer sash hinge
- 141
- left frame wood
- 142
- right frame wood
- 151
- inner pane of inner sash
- 152
- outer pane of inner sash
- 153
- inner pane of outer sash
- 154
- outer pane of outer sash
- 231
- right outer sash
- 241
- left outer sash
- 261
- cap
- 361
- butyl sealant
- 371
- seal foot
- 372
- seal part
- 373
- outlet part
- 431
- right outer sash (profile)
- 441
- left outer sash (profile)
- 610
- double-sided tape
- 611
- bulk adhesive
- 670
- notch (water groove)
- 710
- left inner sash
- 711
- screen foot
- 720
- right inner sash
- 721, 722
- tooth
- 723
- screen groove
1. A window (10) comprising an inner sash (71, 72, 710, 720) and outer sash (23, 24,
231, 241; 43, 44, 431, 441) installed in a frame structure (111, 112), between which
inner sash and outer sash there is an intermediate space (2) and where the outer sash
(23, 24, 231, 241; 43, 44, 431, 441) comprises an outer pane (154) of insulation glass
unit of the outer sash and an inner pane (153) of insulation glass unit of the outer
sash,
characterized in that:
- over its load-bearing portion, the outer sash (23, 24, 73, 74; 43, 44, 431, 441)
comprises a 15-24 mm high (h) pane rebate, which is essentially even, and has no raising
(i=0) on the edge on the side of the outer pane (154) of the outer sash and has a
raising (i>0) on the edge on the side of the inner pane (153) of the outer sash; and
- the outer pane (154) of the outer sash and the inner pane (153) of the outer sash,
where the surface areas of the panes are essentially equally large, are fastened on
all their edges to the outer sash (23, 24, 231, 241; 43, 44, 431, 441) by means of
glazing sprigs (35) and adhesive bonding (610, 611) at the pane rebate; adhesive bonding
(610, 611) is carried out on the edge on the side of the inner pane (153) of the outer
sash by means of double-sided tape (610) and beside the glazing sprigs (35) by means
of bulk adhesive (611), in which case the outer pane (154) of the outer sash leaves
the front side of the outer sash (23, 24, 231, 241; 43, 44, 431, 441) free.
2. A window (10) according to claim 1, where the depth (e) of the pane rebate is chosen
so that the outer pane (154) of the outer sash has room to go inside the pane rebate
in the depth direction.
3. A window (10) according to claim 1 or 2, where the outer pane (154) of the outer sash
and the inner pane (153) of the outer sash are connected together by means of a gas
seal (69, 36, 361) in order to make up an air-tight intermediate space (5) and when
the outer edge of the pane rebate, which edge does not have a raising, is covered
by a screen (38) to the outer pane (154) of the outer sash, which screen (38) also
extends over the outer sash (23, 24, 231, 241; 43, 44, 431, 441).
4. A window (10) according to claim 3, where the screen (38) is also fastened by means
bulk adhesive (611) at the pane rebate.
5. A window (10) according to claim 3 or 4, which also comprises a profile (26) fastened
to the frame structure (111, 112) in order to protect the area between the frame structure
(111, 112) and the outer sash (23, 24, 231, 241; 43, 44, 431, 441), which profile
(26) is sealed in the area between the profile (26) and the screen (38).
6. A window (4) according to claim 5, where the profile (26) is shaped so that the mechanical
contact of the profile (26) with the outer pane (154) of the outer sash is arranged
primarily or exclusively through the seal (27) at the screen (38).
7. A window (10) according to claim 5 or 6, where the area between the frame structure
(111, 112) and the outer sash (23, 24, 231, 241; 43, 44, 431, 441) is closed, with
the exception of the drainage holes, by means of the profile (26), screen (38) and
seals (27, 37).
8. A window (10) according to any one of the preceding claims 5-7, which also comprises
a lower weathering (63) that is fastened or that can be fastened to the profile (26),
where the lower weathering (63) is supported by the lower part (62) of the profile
(26) to lead rain water further away from the level specified by the outer pane (154)
of the outer sash.
9. A window (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, where the outer sash (23,
24, 231, 241; 43, 44, 431, 441) has at least one reduction resistance (670) on the
side opposite to the even area of the pane rebate.
10. A window (10) according to claim 9, where the reduction resistance (670) contains
at least one notch.
11. A window (10) according to claim 9 or 10, where the reduction resistance contains
at least one bevel.