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EP 2 602 403 B1 |
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EUROPEAN PATENT SPECIFICATION |
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Mention of the grant of the patent: |
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24.09.2014 Bulletin 2014/39 |
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Date of filing: 05.12.2012 |
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Previously filed application: 06.12.2011 IT FI20110259 |
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International Patent Classification (IPC):
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Anchor terminal for safety lines
Verankerungsklemme für Sicherheitsleinen
Terminal d'ancrage pour lignes de sécurité
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Designated Contracting States: |
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AL AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MK MT NL
NO PL PT RO RS SE SI SK SM TR |
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Priority: |
06.12.2011 IT FI20110259
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Date of publication of application: |
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12.06.2013 Bulletin 2013/24 |
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Proprietor: Studio Associato di Ingegneria e Architettura
Dott. Ing. V. L. di Giorgi Campedelli -
Dott. Arch. M. A. Rocchi |
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50129 Firenze (IT) |
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Inventors: |
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- Di Giorgi Campedelli, Vittorio Luigi
50129 Firenze (IT)
- Rocchi, Maria Alessandra
50129 Firenze (IT)
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Representative: Fanfani, Stefano |
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FANFANI S.R.L.
Viale Fratelli Rosselli, 57 50144 Firenze 50144 Firenze (IT) |
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References cited: :
EP-A1- 2 228 506 WO-A1-99/27213 FR-A1- 2 888 298
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EP-A1- 2 292 874 WO-A1-2008/081375
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Note: Within nine months from the publication of the mention of the grant of the European
patent, any person may give notice to the European Patent Office of opposition to
the European patent
granted. Notice of opposition shall be filed in a written reasoned statement. It shall
not be deemed to
have been filed until the opposition fee has been paid. (Art. 99(1) European Patent
Convention).
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Technical Field
[0001] The present invention belongs to the sector of the permanent anti-falling devices,
i.e. to whatever it is necessary to install on roofs and, in general, on buildings
coverings for being used during covering operations to prevent the risk of operator
fall.
Background Art
[0002] Only for relatively few years is it compulsory to install such devices on the buildings
coverings as to allow the operators working on the roofs to easily connect the safety
harnesses worn by them thereto, by means of appropriate connection means.
[0003] The means used to connect to one end are usually connected to the harness worn by
the operator whereas, at the other end, they are connected to the permanent safety
systems the coverings are equipped with.
[0004] These permanent safety systems comprise anchor terminals, and the latter can be used
to secure the connection means thereto, or they can be used to support further permanent
elements, including, for instance, ropes. In this latter case, the safety harness
could either be secured to the anchor terminal or be slidingly associated with a rope
extending between several terminals; this second configuration aims at rendering operator
displacements easier, besides offering them a greater radius of action. The anchor
terminals comprise appropriate connection means to make connections easier and the
latter are often, but not exclusively, shaped like a closed-ring eyebolt. Moreover,
the anchor terminals comprise appropriate fixing means to the covering; said means
to fix vary as a function of the type of covering on which the terminal shall be located,
for instance the fixing means might be screws or chemical dowels or through bolts,
should the intrados of the covering be accessible.
[0005] One of the very real problems comes from the fact that the surfaces of the building
coverings are often sloped, as necessary to drain meteoric water or snow. In fact,
coverings are often made up of flat pitches joined together along a side, so as to
form a so called ridge line or a so called valley.
[0006] Very popular is the trend to install the anchor terminals along the ridge lines or
along the valleys because such an arrangement enables the operator to easily reach
both pitches.
[0007] This is the reason why a variety of variable-geometry anchor terminals have been
specifically developed to be located along the ridge lines of coverings; an example
thereof is described in
EP 2228506 A1, which shows an anchor terminal whose base is fixed in the middle section and comprises
two side fins featuring a substantially rectangular shape, hinged to the central section
along a side, so that the side fins are free of rotating along a side, up to leaning
on the pitches.
[0008] WO 99/27213 also shows a variable-geometry anchor terminal basically designed for being mounted
on ridge lines.
[0009] However, anchor terminals like that described in
EP 2,228,506 A1 or
WO 99/27213 are not suitable for being mounted on ridge lines of coverings made of prefabricated
"Π" (pi) beams, where the contact line between adjacent beams often runs below the
extrados of the covering.
[0010] In the case of coverings with valleys, and especially in the case of coverings made
of prefabricated "Y" beams, the variable-geometry anchor terminals, which have been
basically developed for mounting on ridge lines of pitch coverings, might hinder a
free flowing of meteoric waters if mounted in correspondence with the valley lines.
Summary of invention
[0011] None of the patents mentioned above tackles at all a further aspect that recently
became very important in designing anchor terminals.
[0012] This further aspect relates to how are the loads transferred and how are they reduced
by dissipating part of the energy developed by the operators when falling down, in
order to reduce the stresses, in particular those onto the fixing means and the covering
[0013] The above-mentioned aspects are dealt with by the anchor terminal defined in claim
1.
[0014] Specifically, the present invention has been developed to reduce the action directly
transferred to the anchor terminal's fixing means, while simultaneously making it
possible to install the anchor terminal in correspondence with valleys of two-pitch
coverings, for instance along the line in the middle of prefabricated "Y" beams, or
in the ridge position of two-pitch coverings, especially if these are made of prefabricated
"Π" (pi) beams.
[0015] Given its peculiarity, the terminal described in this patent application can also
be advantageously used in conjunction with flat coverings or vertical walls, by mainly
taking advantage of its energy absorbing capabilities; on the other hand, its adjustable
geometry makes it also suitable for being mounted in correspondence with diaphragms
or others. Advantageously does the anchor terminal described in the present patent
application comprise elements, interposed in the stress transmission chain, which
are simultaneously adjustable, to fit the different arrangements of the coverings,
and, thanks to their deformation by plasticization, such as to reduce the loads transmitted
by the operator connection means to the covering fixing means.
[0016] A further important effect of the plasticization of said elements is in that they
introduce a time shift in load transmission.
[0017] In order to understand the operation of the invention, let's remind that those who
are expert in this sector know that, in a structural element, a bend constitutes a
preformation that, under appropriate load conditions, might be transformed into a
plastic hinge.
[0018] So, according to a preferred embodiment of this invention, the adjustable elements
leaning on the covering (3, 4) are realized by drilling and bending a metal plate,
in order to pre-form plastic hinges destined to get deformed if adequately loaded,
thus absorbing part of the fall energy and shifting the loads in time.
[0019] For the same purpose, the support (2) could also be made of materials that have been
submitted to bendings, thus increasing the energy absorbing effect by the side elements
(3, 4) or even fully replacing them.
Brief description of the drawings
[0020]
- Fig. 1 is an axonometric view of the anchor terminal which shows, above the support
(2) featuring a substantially rectangular shape, the anchor means (1), realized in
the form of closed-ring eyebolts, secured to said support (2) by a bolt. The figure
also shows the two side elements (3, 4) leaning on the covering, in their version
comprising fins located externally with respect to the supporting plate (2) and the
hinges (6) consisting of bolts complete with washers.
- Fig. 2 shows an axonometric view of an invention's configuration in which the anchor
means (1) are secured to the support (2) not directly, but rather via a supporting
rod (7). In this configuration, the fins of the two side elements (3, 4) leaning on
the covering are located internally with respect to the supporting place (2) and the
hinges (6) consist of bolts complete with washers.
- Fig. 3 shows an invention's configuration in which there is no supporting rod (7),
but with hinges (6) consisting of pivots held in position by split pins.
- Fig. 4 shows and invention's configuration with no supporting rod (7), in which the
hinges (6) consist of bolts complete with washers and the two side elements (3, 4)
are realized according to a further embodiment, usable to have the loads shared over
a greater surface.
- Fig. 5 shows an invention's configuration with no supporting rod (7), fixed in correspondence
with a valley of a two-pitch covering, and specifically fixed along the center line
of a prefabricated "Y" beam.
- Fig. 6 shows and invention's configuration complete with supporting rod (7), fixed
in correspondence with a valley of a two-pitch covering, and specifically fixed along
the center line of a prefabricated "Y" beam.
- Fig. 7 shows an invention's configuration complete with supporting rod (7) fixed along
the ridge line of a two-pitch covering, made of prefabricated "Π" (pi) beams.
Detailed description of an embodiment of the invention
[0021] The terminal according to the present invention comprises connection means (1), usually,
but not exclusively, consisting of one or several eyebolts, to be associated with
the connection means via a safety harness, and fixed to a support (2), the latter
being advantageously realized by a plate, often featuring a substantially rectangular
shape, which at least two side elements (3, 4) are rotationally associated with and
constitute the resting interface to the covering and also operate as fall energy dissipation
elements in that, thanks to their plastic deformation, they reduce the actions transferred
to the points where the components are fixed to the covering, besides shifting them
in time.
[0022] Such energy absorption effect might also be achieved or however incremented by bending
the support (2). Each of said at least two side elements (3, 4) leaning on the covering
is rotationally associated with said support (2) in correspondence with two opposite
sides (21, 22) of the rectangle.
[0023] In a preferred embodiment of the invention, both the support (2) and the side elements
(3, 4) are made of a cut and bent metal plate, hence said support (2) comprises a
former pair of drilled fins (211, 212) at the ends of the former (21) of said opposite
sides and a second pair of drilled fins (221, 222) at the ends of the second (22)
of said opposite sides.
[0024] For the reasons explained above, each of said resting side elements consists of a
plate (3 or 4) featuring a longitudinal surface (31 or 41) in the middle leaning on
the covering and comprising two right-angle bent fins (42, 43 or 32, 33), each of
the latter presenting a hole used to rotationally associate them with the support
via appropriate hinges (6).
[0025] As a matter of fact, according to the recommended installation procedure, the anchor
terminal shall be laid down onto the covering, by first properly orienting the support
(2) and subsequently making the longitudinal leaning surface (31 or 41) of each of
the two side elements (3, 4) adhere to the covering, thus orienting said side elements
(3, 4) according to the slope of the pitches and marking the positions of the holes
(44) that shall receive the covering fixing means.
[0026] As a last step, the fixing means are installed and laid down, thus securing the side
elements (3, 4) to the covering; finally, if the hinges (6) of the anchor terminal
consist of bolts, these shall be tightened.
1. Anchor terminal for safety systems for coverings, comprising anchor means (1), associated
with a support (2), featuring connection means, to which at least two side elements
(3, 4) are rotationally linked to lean on the covering, characterized in that said at least two side elements (3, 4) and/or said support (2) feature a number of
bends which, upon being adequately loaded, become plastic hinges.
2. Anchor device according to the previous claim, characterized in that said support (2) is built starting from a plate.
3. Anchor device according to one or more of the previous claims, characterized in that said plate comprises a number of bends.
4. Anchor device according to one or more of the previous claims, characterized in that said at least two side elements (3, 4) are rotationally linked to two opposite sides
of said support (2).
5. Anchor device according to one or more of the previous claims, characterized in that said support (2) comprises a first pair of drilled fins (211, 212) at the two ends
of the former (21) of said opposite sides, and a second pair of drilled fins (221,
222) at the two ends of the second (22) of said opposite sides.
6. Anchor terminal according to one or more of the previous claims, characterized in that each of said leaning side elements (3, 4) consists of a plate featuring a central
surface (31, 41) to lean on the covering and two right-angle bent fins (42, 43) and
(32, 33) at the ends.
7. Anchor terminal according to one or more of the previous claims, characterized in that the two fins (42, 43) and (32, 33) are drilled.
8. Anchor terminal according to one or more of the previous claims, characterized in that appropriate hinges (6) join each of the drilled fins of said former pair (211, 212)
or second pair (221, 222) to each of said drilled fins of each side element (3, 4)
used to lean to the covering.
9. Anchor terminal according to one or more of the previous claims, characterized in that each of said support surfaces (31, 41) comprises one or several holes (44) to receive
the fixing means to the covering.
10. Anchor terminal according to one or more of the previous claims, characterized in that said hinges (6) consist of bolts, possibly also including anti-unscrewing systems.
11. Anchor terminal according to one or more of the previous claims, characterized in that said hinges (6) consist of pins held in positions by split pins or other anti-slipping
means.
12. Anchor terminal according to one or more claims 1 to 9, characterized in that said hinges (6) consist of a bar that goes through the drilled fins of the support
(2) as well as the fins of one of the elements (3, 4) used to lean to the covering.
13. Anchor terminal according to the previous claim, characterized in that said bar is held in position by appropriate anti-slipping means including, for example,
spring rings or split pins.
14. Anchor terminal according to one or more of the previous claims, characterized in that said anchor means (1) are secured to said support (2) by a supporting rod (7).
15. Anchor terminal according to one or more of the previous claims, characterized in that said anchor means (1) are either fixed or rotating with respect to the support plate
(2).
1. Endverankerung für Sicherheitssysteme für Abdeckungen, umfassend Verankerungsmittel
(1), die an einen Träger (2) angeschlossen sind, aufweisend Verbindungsmittel, an
die mindestens zwei seitliche Elemente (3, 4) rotatorisch angefügt sind, um auf der
Abdeckung aufzulagern, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die mindestens zwei seitlichen Elemente (3, 4) und/oder der Träger (2) eine Anzahl
von Biegungen aufweisen, die bei hinreichender Belastung zu Kunststoffscharnieren
werden.
2. Verankerungsvorrichtung nach dem vorangehenden Anspruch, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Träger (2) von einer Platte ausgehend gefertigt wird.
3. Verankerungsvorrichtung nach einem oder mehreren der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Platte eine Anzahl von Biegungen umfasst.
4. Verankerungsvorrichtung nach einem oder mehreren der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die mindestens zwei seitlichen Elemente (3, 4) rotatorisch an zwei gegenüberliegende
Seiten des Trägers (2) angefügt sind.
5. Verankerungsvorrichtung nach einem oder mehreren der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Träger (2) an den beiden Enden der ersten (21) der gegenüberliegenden Seiten
ein erstes Paar Flügel (211, 212) mit Bohrungen und an den beiden Enden der zweiten
(22) der gegenüberliegenden Seiten ein zweites Paar Flügel (221, 222) mit Bohrungen
umfasst.
6. Endverankerung nach einem oder mehreren der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass jedes der auflagernden seitlichen Elemente (3, 4) aus einer Platte, aufweisend eine
zentrale Oberfläche (31, 41) zum Auflagern auf der Abdeckung und zwei rechtwinklig
gebogene Flügel (42, 43) und (32, 33) an den Enden, besteht.
7. Endverankerung nach einem oder mehreren der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die beiden Flügel (42, 43) und (32, 33) Bohrungen aufweisen.
8. Endverankerung nach einem oder mehreren der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass angemessene Scharniere (6) jeden der Bohrungen aufweisenden Flügel des ersten Paares
(211, 212) oder zweiten Paares (221, 222) mit jedem der Bohrungen aufweisenden Flügel
eines jeden zum Auflagern auf der Abdeckung verwendeten Seitenelements (3, 4) vereint.
9. Endverankerung nach einem oder mehreren der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass jede der Trägeroberflächen (31, 41) ein oder mehrere Löcher (44) zur Aufnahme der
Fixiermittel an der Abdeckung umfasst.
10. Endverankerung nach einem oder mehreren der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Scharniere (6) aus Schrauben bestehen, eventuell einschließend ferner Anti-Lösesysteme.
11. Endverankerung nach einem oder mehreren der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Scharniere (6) aus Stiften bestehen, die durch Splinte oder andere Anti-Verrutschmittel
in Position gehalten werden.
12. Endverankerung nach einem oder mehreren der Ansprüche 1 bis 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Scharniere (6) aus einem Stab bestehen, der sowohl durch die Bohrungen aufweisenden
Flügel des Trägers (2) als auch die Flügel eines der Elemente (3, 4) hindurch verlaufen,
die zum Auflagern auf der Abdeckung verwendet werden.
13. Endverankerung nach dem vorangehenden Anspruch, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Stab durch angemessene Anti-Verrutschmittel in Position gehalten wird, einschließend
beispielsweise Federringe oder Splinte.
14. Endverankerung nach einem oder mehreren der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Verankerungsmittel (1) am Träger (2) durch eine Trägerstange (7) befestigt sind.
15. Endverankerung nach einem oder mehreren der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Verankerungsmittel (1) entweder fixiert sind oder in Bezug auf die Trägerplatte
(2) rotieren.
1. Un terminal d'ancrage pour systèmes de sécurité pour couvertures, comprenant des moyens
d'ancrage (1), associés à un support (2), comprenant des moyens de connexion, auxquels
deux éléments latéraux (3, 4) sont rotationellement reliés pour s'appuyer sur la couverture,
caractérisé en ce que les au moins deux éléments latéraux (3, 4) susdits et/ou le support (2) susdit comprennent
un nombre de pliages lesquels, étant adéquatement chargés, se transforment en des
charnières plastiques.
2. Un dispositif d'ancrage selon la revendication précédente, caractérisé en ce que le support (2) susdit est réalisé à partir d'une feuille.
3. Un dispositif d'ancrage selon une ou plusieurs revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que la feuille susdite comprend un nombre de pliages.
4. Un dispositif d'ancrage selon une ou plusieurs revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que les au moins deux éléments latéraux (3, 4) susdits sont rotationellement reliés à
deux côtés opposés du support (2) susdit.
5. Un dispositif d'ancrage selon une ou plusieurs revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le support (2) susdit comprend une première paire d'ailettes forées (211, 212) aux
deux extrémités du premier (21) des côtes opposés susdits et la deuxième paires d'ailettes
forées (221, 222) aux deux extrémités du deuxième (22) des côtes opposés susdit.
6. Un terminal d'ancrage selon une ou plusieurs revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que chacun des éléments latéraux d'appui (3, 4) susdits est composé d'une plaque au centre
de laquelle il y a une surface (31, 41) d'appui à la couverture et aux extrémités
deux ailettes (42, 43) et (32, 33) pliées de façon à former un angle droit.
7. Un terminal d'ancrage selon une ou plusieurs revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que les deux ailettes (42, 43) et (32, 33) sont forées.
8. Un terminal d'ancrage selon une ou plusieurs revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que des charnières appropriées (6) relient chacune des ailettes forées de la première
paire (211, 212) ou de la deuxième paire (221, 222) susdites à chacune des ailettes
forées susdites de chaque élément latéral (3, 4) d'appui à la couverture.
9. Un terminal d'ancrage selon une ou plusieurs revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que chacune des surfaces de support (31, 41) susdites comprend un ou plusieurs trous
(44) destinés à recevoir les moyens de fixation à la couverture.
10. Un terminal d'ancrage selon une ou plusieurs revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que les charnières (6) susdites consistent en des boulons, éventuellement comprenant
aussi des systèmes d'anti-dévissage.
11. Un terminal d'ancrage selon une ou plusieurs revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que les charnières (6) susdites consistent en des pivots gardés en position par des goupilles
ou d'autres moyens d'anti-glissement.
12. Un terminal d'ancrage selon une ou plusieurs revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que les charnières (6) susdites consistent en une barre qui passe è travers les ailettes
forées de support (2) ainsi qu'à travers les ailettes d'un des éléments (3, 4) d'appui
à la couverture.
13. Un terminal d'ancrage selon la revendication précédente, caractérisé en ce que la barre susdite est gardée en position par des moyens d'anti-glissement appropriés
tels que, par exemple, des bagues élastiques ou des goupilles.
14. Un terminal d'ancrage selon une ou plusieurs revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que les moyens d'ancrage (1) susdits sont fixés au support (2) susdit par une barre de
support (7).
15. Un terminal d'ancrage selon une ou plusieurs revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que les moyens d'ancrage (1) susdits sont fixes ou pivotants par rapport à la plaque
de support (2).
REFERENCES CITED IN THE DESCRIPTION
This list of references cited by the applicant is for the reader's convenience only.
It does not form part of the European patent document. Even though great care has
been taken in compiling the references, errors or omissions cannot be excluded and
the EPO disclaims all liability in this regard.
Patent documents cited in the description