[0001] The present invention relates to a machine for displacing fluid.
[0002] A machine of this type is known from
US 958,404 which discloses a machine comprising a partition wall which is arranged between the
displacement members which are connected to one another. This partition wall is a
circular disc which is clamped between the halves of the housing which are divided
by this separating plane. A dividing plate for sealing the annular chamber extends
in a reciprocating manner through an opening in the dividing plate. It is very difficult
to provide guidance for such a dividing plate and the structure which is produced
as a result is complicated.
[0003] US 2,997,000 discloses a pump or motor in which a displacement body is connected to a support
by means of a complicated bearing structure.
[0004] Document
US277,648 is considered the closest prior art and its known features are included in the preamble
of claim 1.
[0005] To date, such devices have not found widespread application.
[0006] This is partly due to their complicated design. It requires a very large number of
machining steps and sealing the various parts forms a problem.
[0007] It is an object of the present invention to provide a relatively simple structure
which can compete with other kinds of pumps or motors.
[0008] This object is achieved in an above-described machine with the features of Claim
1.
[0009] As the separating plane is at right angles to the partition wall and, more particularly,
the separating plane comprises the axis of rotation of the drive (that is to say for
the eccentric), it is possible to provide a particularly simple construction of the
housing parts. More particularly, the partition wall between the displacement bodies
is integral with a housing part each housing part is provided with a corresponding
part of the partition wall. As a result thereof, it is simply possible to achieve
automatic sealing of the partition wall parts when sealing the housing parts. In addition,
the present invention makes it possible in a simple manner to provide space for the
reciprocating sealing plate between the housing parts. This can be realized for one
or both separating planes.
[0010] According to a particular embodiment of the invention, the inlets and outlets are
arranged directly in the housing in a particularly simple manner. This means that
it no longer requires complicated ducts to provide a connection between the first
or second chamber and the surroundings. With the machine according to the invention,
the chambers are connected in parallel in such a manner that a pulsing of the fluid
stream into or out of the first chamber is compensated as much as possible by an opposite
pulsing of the fluid stream into or out of the second chamber.
[0011] According to a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, the two displacement
members are of symmetrical embodiment. According to an advantageous embodiment, the
displacement body effectively consists of a single body provided with a central continuous
groove.
[0012] According to a further advantageous embodiment, such a groove is tapering and extends
towards the centre of the displacement body, that is to say the distance between the
displacement members decreases near the centre of the displacement body.
[0013] The pivoting movement of the displacement body can be produced in many ways and/or
it is possible to make effective use of the pivoting movement of the pivoting body
in many ways. Thus, it is possible to arrange a number of actuators and/or generators
along the outer periphery of the displacement body which produce the pivoting movement
and/or take off the power generated in this way. According to an advantageous embodiment
of the invention, the pivoting movement is produced by means of a rotary movement
which is converted into a pivoting movement with an eccentric. With this advantageous
variant of the invention, if the machine is operated as a motor, the pivoting movement
is converted into a rotary movement by means of an eccentric.
[0014] According to a further advantageous embodiment, a coating which seals the chamber
and/or the partition wall is arranged between the displacement member and the partition
wall. Thus, after the fluid has been used or changed, it is possible to provide optimum
conditions without cleaning, only by replacing this coating. In addition, this coating
may be embodied as a tube or hose, thus resulting in a peristaltic pump. In this case,
such a hose may be bounded by two film/foil parts which are placed on top of one another.
In order to carry out the peristaltic movement, it is important that the resultant
tube or hose is either resilient or that said tube or hose is (temporarily) connected
to a housing which is provided around the latter. This makes it also possible to displace
sensitive fluids, such as blood, at a precisely controlled speed and without extreme
pressure peaks. In addition, it is thus possible to displace other substances, such
as nutrients. It is also possible to meter fluids very accurately. On the other hand,
it is possible to drive the machine by means of relatively dangerous substances in
order to use it as a generator.
[0015] According to a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, the inlet and/or
outlet are provided near the partition wall of the chambers. In this way, the fluid
stream can be supplied in a particularly compact manner.
[0016] It is possible to embody the displacement body as a sphere which moves inside a correspondingly
spherical chamber. A continuous groove is then provided centrally in this sphere which,
together with the above-described partition wall, delimits the respective chambers
with variable volume. By using a sphere of this type, mounting and sealing can be
provided in a particularly simple way.
[0017] It should be understood that the choice of sealing depends on the fluid to be displaced.
Thus, it is possible to provide contactless sealing if various parts are produced
with a very high degree of accuracy and a slight amount of leakage is acceptable.
[0018] It should be understood that the machine illustrated here can be embodied in many
ways. It is possible for the housing to be fixed with respect to the outside world
and the displacement body to pivot reciprocally or vice versa. A combination of both
is likewise possible. The shape of the faces of the displacement members which roll
along the partition wall can be chosen as desired and does not necessarily have to
have the above-described conical shape.
[0019] The invention will be explained in more detail below with reference to exemplary
embodiments illustrated in the drawing, in which:
Fig. 1 shows a plan view with the top removed of a first embodiment of a pump according
to the invention;
Fig. 2 shows the image from Fig. 1 in perspective view;
Fig. 3 shows the pump from Figs. 1 and 2 without displacement body;
Fig. 4 shows the pump from Figs. 1-3 in side view;
Fig. 5 diagrammatically shows a perspective view of a further variant of the invention;
Fig. 6 shows the drive of the pump illustrated in Fig. 5;
Fig. 7 diagrammatically shows another variant of the invention in cross section;
Fig. 8 shows a partially cut-away view of the variant from Fig. 7.
[0020] Fig. 1 shows a pump which is denoted overall by reference numeral 1. It should be
understood that the invention also relates to a motor, that is to say instead of displacing
a fluid with the device, the displacement of a fluid by the device produces a mechanical
movement.
[0021] The pump 1 comprises a housing composed of housing parts 2 and 3 (see also Fig. 4).
These housing parts are separated horizontally by means of a separating plane 28 (see
also Fig. 4), which makes simple assembly and, if desired, disassembly possible.
[0022] Inside the housing, a pivoting body 4 is accommodated which is pivotable about an
axis 20 (Figs. 2 and 4) and also pivots with respect to this axis (arrow 44). The
pivoting/tilting movement results from a shaft 16 being rotatably driven about axis
29. This shaft 16 is mounted in the housing by means of a bearing 17. An eccentric
15 is present, as a result of which the rotating movement is converted into a tilting
pivoting movement. The presence of bearings 14 prevents the pivoting or displacement
body 4 from co-rotating. This pivoting or displacement body only carries out a pivoting
movement whereby it tilts to and fro.
[0023] The pivoting body 4 comprises two discs 5 and 6 which are locates at a distance from
one another and are fixedly connected to one another by means of a core 10. The inner
surfaces of the discs 5 and 6 are formed by substantially conical surfaces. The pivoting
body effectively consists of a solid part which is provided with a V-shaped groove.
[0024] The core 10 is spherical and fits in the hollow part 26 which forms the free end
of the partition wall 9, so that a seal can be provided with respect to a body/partition
wall 9 which forms part of the housing.
[0025] Each of the discs 5 and 6 is provided at its periphery with an edge 27 which is embodied
in such a manner that it is in sealing engagement with the inner wall 23 of the housing.
[0026] In addition, a sealing plate 11 is present which, as can be seen in Fig. 4, is fixedly
retained between the housing parts 2 and 3 in the vertical direction 20. Lateral displacement,
that is from the left-hand side to the right-hand side viewed in Fig. 1, is however
possible.
[0027] Horizontal separation is understood to mean a separation as illustrated in the figures,
that is to say that in which the partition plane of the housing parts is at right
angles to (the centre plane of) the partition wall 9. More particularly, such a partition
wall comprises a division, that is to say that the partition wall 9 comprises two
partition wall parts being divided in accordance with the abovementioned separating
plane.
[0028] A space is left in either one or both housing parts 2, 3 for sealing plate 11. As
a result of the structure of the separating plane, the sealing plate may be situated
close to the separation between the housing parts 2 and 3.
[0029] Reference numerals 21 and 22 denote chambers which are delimited between the respective
conical faces of disc 5 and disc 6 and the partition wall 9 and more particularly
the sides 24 and 25 thereof.
[0030] The figures show that the eccentric arrangement and the pivoting/tilting of the pivoting
body 4, respectively, is performed in such a way that there is always line contact
between disc 5 and 6, respectively, and the conical face. This line contact moves
during the pivoting/tilting action, resulting in a displacement volume which results
the desired pumping action. As a result of this rolling movement, the volume becomes
increasingly smaller towards partition 21, as a result of which fluid is pressed out.
The respective fluids are displaced by means of inlet 19 and outlet 18.
[0031] The drawing and more particularly Fig. 3 show that part of the housing (wall 23)
has a spherical shape. This makes it possible to embody the pivoting body as a sphere
in which a groove-shaped recess is provided.
[0032] Figs 5 shows a variant of the invention which is denoted overall by reference numeral
31 and also comprises a pump. In this exemplary embodiment, there are three housing
pans 31, 32 and 33. The housing is in this case divided "vertically". The housing
part 32 forms the above-described partition wall, while the housing parts 31 and 33
in each case accommodate a part 34 and 35, respectively, of the pivoting body. Coupling
means, which are not shown in detail, are provided in order to connect the discs 35
and 36 to one another when the housing parts 31-33 are closed.
[0033] Reference numeral 36 denotes a double pack which in each case comprises two film/foil
parts 37 and 38, in which-a hose 39 is bounded between the film/foil parts. An opening
40 is present Each pack 36 can be placed in the space between the housing parts 31,
32 and 32, 33, respectively. The dimensions of the discs 34, 35 with respect to the
housing parts is such that there is sufficient space for accommodating this pack 36.
After the pack 36 has been inserted and the pump is driven, the discs perform a sliding
movement along "hose" 39, thus resulting in a kind of hose pump. The latter treats
the pumped fluid particularly gently, which may come from container 43.
[0034] In contrast to the exemplary embodiment illustrated above, driving is not effected
by means of rotation. As Fig. 6 shows, a number of drive coils 41 is provided on the
exterior of the housing 33. By operating these in the correct order with a microprocessor,
the desired pivoting movement of the disc 34 and thus of the disc 35 7 can be effected.
[0035] Figs. 7 and 8 show a further variant of the invention which is denoted overall by
reference numeral 51 and is in principle constructed in the same manner as the structures
which have been described above. However, the parts 54 and 55 of the pivoting body
are of spherical design and the housing part 52 has been modified accordingly. As
a result thereof, the housing can function as a bearing for the parts 54 and 55. The
spherical shape makes it possible to produce a larger sealing surface, providing improved
sealing and/or making the pump suitable for relatively high pressures.
[0036] In addition, in this embodiment, the eccentric drive is provided one-sidedly. A single
input shaft 66 is present having a single eccentric plate 65, as a result of which
the rotating movement of said shaft is converted into a pivoting and tilting movement.
Eccentric pin 71 is accommodated in pivoting body 54 and 55 so as to be slidably rotatable.
The other end of the eccentric pin 71 is accommodated in eccentric 15 by means of
a ball-and-socket joint Shaft 66 is mounted in the housing 52 by means of a sliding
bearing (if desired directly). Reference numeral 68 denotes a sealing ring. Arrow
70 denotes the flow of fluid in Fig. 8.
[0037] In a manner which is not illustrated in any more detail, the feed stream can be divided
and the discharge stream from both outlets can be combined.
[0038] As is clear from the above, many variants of the present invention are possible.
In addition to a pump or generator, the device can be constructed in many different
ways. Those skilled in the art will immediately be able to think of further variants
after reading the above description, which are all covered by the scope of the claims.
1. Machine (1) comprising a housing having
- housing parts (2, 3) which rest against one another via a separating plane (28),
and a
- displacement body (4), wherein the housing and displacement body can be pivoted
with respect to one another about a tilting axis (20) and are also pivotable with
respect to this axis, in order to delimit a first chamber (21) with variable volume,
wherein said displacement body comprises
- a first displacement member (5) which can be displaced in a fluid-tight manner along
the inner wall (23) of said housing (2, 3),
- a second displacement member (6) which is fixedly connected to the first displacement
member (5) and arranged at a distance from said first displacement member,
wherein said housing comprises a partition wall (9), which is arranged between the
displacement members (5, 6),
wherein said first chamber (21) is delimited between said first displacement member
and a first side (24) of said partition wall and a second chamber (22) is delimited
between said second displacement member (6) and a second side (25) of said partition
wall, said second side being opposite said first side,
wherein said displacement members (5, 6) and sides (24, 25) of said partition wall
cooperate such that said displacement members can perform a rolling movement with
line sealing with respect to said sides of said partition wall,
wherein said first and second displacement members delimit a wall (23)extending over
360° with said partition wall(9), and a radially extending sealing plate (11) being
arranged between said first and second displacement member,
wherein each of said chambers (21, 22) in each case comprises an inlet (19) and an
outlet (18), said inlets and outlets respectively extending directly from said chambers
into said housing and are connected directly to one another,
characterized in that said separating plane (28) is at right angles to said partition wall (9), said sealing
plate (11) is retained in a space left in either one or both of said housing parts
(2, 3) at said separation plane, said partition wall (9) is integral with a housing
part (2, 3), and said partition wall (9) comprises partition wall parts, the separation
of which coincides with the separating plane (28).
2. Machine according to claim 1, wherein said separating plane (28) comprises the centre
axis of the rotating drive of the machine.
3. Machine according to one of the preceding claims, wherein said second displacement
member (6), along its periphery, is situated at a fixed distance from the periphery
of said first displacement member (5).
4. Machine according to one of the preceding claims, wherein said displacement member,
on that side which is turned towards said partition wall (9), tapers towards the free
end (26) thereof.
5. Machine according to one of the preceding claims, wherein a rotating shaft (16) is
provided which extends through said housing and is provided with a mechanism (15)
for converting a rotating movement into a tilting movement.
6. Machine according to one of the preceding claims, wherein said displacement member
and/or said partition wall (9) are provided with a coating (39) sealing said chamber.
7. Machine according to one of the preceding claims, wherein said housing comprises two
housing parts (2, 3) and the separating plane between said parts is determined by
a plane which is at right angles to said tilting axis (20).
8. Machine according to one of the preceding claims, comprising a motor.
9. Machine according to one of the preceding claims, comprising a pump.
1. Maschine (1), umfassend ein Gehäuse, das
- Gehäuseteile (2, 3), die über eine Trennebene (28) aneinander anliegen, und einen
- Verdrängerkörper (4) aufweist, wobei das Gehäuse und der Verdrängerkörper bezüglich
einander um eine Kippachse (20) gedreht werden können und auch drehbar bezüglich dieser
Achse sind, um eine erste Kammer (21) mit variablem Volumen zu begrenzen,
wobei der Verdrängerkörper
- ein erstes Verdrängerteil (5), das in einer fluid-dichten Art und Weise entlang
der Innenwand (23) des Gehäuses (2, 3) verlagert werden kann, und
- ein zweites Verdrängerteil (6), das fest mit dem ersten Verdrängerteil (5) verbunden
und in einem Abstand von dem ersten Verdrängerteil angeordnet ist, umfasst,
wobei das Gehäuse eine Trennwand (9) umfasst, die zwischen den Verdrängerteilen (5,
6) angeordnet ist,
wobei die erste Kammer (21) zwischen dem ersten Verdrängerteil und einer ersten Seite
(24) der Trennwand begrenzt ist und eine zweite Kammer (22) zwischen dem zweiten Verdrängerteil
(6) und einer zweiten Seite (25) der Trennwand begrenzt ist und die zweite Seite der
ersten Seite gegenüberliegt,
wobei die Verdrängerteile (5, 6) und Seiten (24, 25) der Trennwand derart zusammenwirken,
dass die Verdrängerteile eine Rollbewegung mit linienförmiger Abdichtung bezüglich
der Seiten der Trennwand ausführen können,
wobei die ersten und zweiten Verdrängerteile eine Wand (23) begrenzen, die sich über
360° mit der Trennwand (9) erstreckt und wobei eine sich radial erstreckende Dichtplatte
(11) zwischen dem ersten und dem zweiten Verdrängerteil angeordnet ist, wobei jede
der Kammern (21, 22) jeweils einen Einlass (19) und einen Auslass (18) umfasst, die
Einlässe und Auslässe sich jeweils direkt von den Kammern in das Gehäuse erstrecken
und direkt miteinander verbunden sind,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Trennebene (28) rechtwinklig zu der Trennwand (9) angeordnet ist, dass die Dichtplatte
(11) in einem Raum gehalten ist, der entweder in einem oder beiden der Gehäuseteile
(2, 3) an der Trennebene belassen ist, dass die Trennwand (9) einteilig mit einem
Gehäuseteil (2, 3) ausgebildet ist und dass die Trennwand (9) Trennwandteile umfasst,
deren Trennung mit der Trennebene (28) zusammenfällt.
2. Maschine nach Anspruch 1, wobei die Trennebene (28) die Mittelachse des Drehantriebs
der Maschine umfasst.
3. Maschine nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei das zweite Verdrängerteil
(6) entlang seiner Begrenzungsfläche in einem festgelegten Abstand von der Begrenzungsfläche
des ersten Verdrängerteils (5) angeordnet ist.
4. Maschine nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei sich das Verdrängerteil auf
der Seite, die der Trennwand (9) zugewandt ist, in Richtung von deren freien Ende
(26) verjüngt.
5. Maschine nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei eine Drehachse (16) vorgesehen
ist, die sich durch das Gehäuse erstreckt und mit einem Mechanismus (15) zum Umwandeln
einer Drehbewegung in eine Kippbewegung versehen ist.
6. Maschine nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei das Verdrängerteil und/oder
die Trennwand (9) mit einer Beschichtung (39) versehen sind, die die Kammer abdichtet.
7. Maschine nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei das Gehäuse zwei Gehäuseteile
(2, 3) umfasst und die Trennebene zwischen den Teilen von einer Ebene festgelegt ist,
die rechtwinklig zu der Kippachse (20) verläuft.
8. Maschine nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, umfassend einen Motor.
9. Maschine nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, umfassend eine Pumpe.
1. Machine (1) comprenant un carter comportant :
- des parties de carter (2, 3) qui reposent l'une contre l'autre via un plan de séparation
(28), et
- un corps de déplacement (4), le carter et le corps de déplacement pouvant pivoter
l'un par rapport à l'autre autour d'un axe de basculement (20) et pouvant pivoter
aussi par rapport à cet axe, afin de délimiter une première chambre (21) à volume
variable,
dans laquelle ledit corps de déplacement comprend:
- un premier élément de déplacement (5) qui peut être déplacé de manière étanche aux
fluides le long de la paroi intérieure (23) dudit carter (2, 3),
- un deuxième élément de déplacement (6) qui est connecté de manière fixe au premier
élément de déplacement (5) et placé à distance dudit premier élément de déplacement,
dans laquelle ledit carter comprend une cloison de séparation (9) qui est placée entre
les éléments de déplacement (5, 6),
dans laquelle ladite première chambre (21) est délimitée entre ledit premier élément
de déplacement et un premier côté (24) de la cloison de séparation et une deuxième
chambre (22) est délimitée entre ledit deuxième élément de déplacement (6) et un deuxième
côté (25) de ladite cloison de séparation, ledit deuxième côté étant opposé audit
premier côté,
dans laquelle lesdits éléments de déplacement (5, 6) et les côtés (24, 25) de ladite
cloison de séparation coopèrent de telle manière que lesdits éléments de déplacement
peuvent réaliser un mouvement de roulis avec étanchéité linéaire par rapport auxdits
côtés de la cloison de séparation,
dans laquelle lesdits premier et deuxième éléments de déplacement délimitent une paroi
(23) s'étendant sur 360° avec ladite cloison de séparation (9), et une plaque d'étanchéité
s'étendant radialement (11) étant placée entre lesdits premier et deuxième éléments
de déplacement,
dans laquelle chacune desdites chambres (21, 22) dans chaque cas comprend une entrée
(19) et une sortie (18), lesdites entrées et sorties s'étendant respectivement directement
desdites chambres audit carter et sont connectées directement l'une à l'autre,
caractérisée en ce que ledit plan de séparation (28) forme un angle droit avec ladite cloison de séparation
(9), ladite plaque d'étanchéité (11) est retenue dans un espace laissé dans l'une
ou les deux parties de carter (2, 3) au niveau dudit plan de séparation, ladite cloison
de séparation (9) est intégrée à une partie de carter (2, 3) et ladite cloison de
séparation (9) comprend des parties de cloison de séparation, dont la séparation coïncide
avec le plan de séparation (28).
2. Machine selon la revendication 1, dans laquelle ledit plan de séparation (28) comprend
l'axe central de l'entraînement rotatif de la machine.
3. Machine selon l'une des revendications précédentes, dans laquelle ledit deuxième élément
de déplacement (6), le long de sa périphérie, est situé à une distance fixe de la
périphérie dudit premier élément de déplacement (5).
4. Machine selon l'une des revendications précédentes, dans laquelle ledit élément de
déplacement, du côté qui est tourné vers ladite cloison de séparation (9), se rétrécit
vers l'extrémité libre (26) de celle-ci.
5. Machine selon l'une des revendications précédentes, dans laquelle un arbre rotatif
(16) est prévu, qui s'étend à travers ledit carter et qui est pourvu d'un mécanisme
(15) servant à convertir un mouvement de rotation en un mouvement de basculement.
6. Machine selon l'une des revendications précédentes, dans laquelle ledit élément de
déplacement et/ou ladite cloison de séparation (9) sont pourvus d'un revêtement (39)
qui rend ladite chambre étanche.
7. Machine selon l'une des revendications précédentes, dans laquelle ledit carter comprend
deux parties de carter (2, 3) et le plan de séparation entre lesdites parties est
déterminé par un plan qui forme un angle droit avec ledit axe de basculement (20).
8. Machine selon l'une des revendications précédentes, comprenant un moteur.
9. Machine selon l'une des revendications précédentes, comprenant une pompe.