TECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The present invention relates to coke dry quenching equipment for cooling red-hot
coke and to a coke dry quenching method.
Background Art
[0002] Coke dry quenching (CDQ) equipment installed in ironworks and the like is equipment
for quenching red-hot coke dry-distilled in a coke oven using a cooling gas such as
an inert gas. The high temperature coke is gradually cooled to improve its quality,
so that the operation of an ironmaking blast furnace is stabilized. Coke dry quenching
equipment is characterized in that the cooling gas is circulated in the system to
allow coke dust to be prevented from flying out and that the sensible heat of the
coke is recovered by a heat recovery apparatus such as a waste heat boiler to save
energy.
[0003] As shown in Fig. 6, conventional coke dry quenching equipment 1 has a chamber in
which a pre-chamber 2 having a coke charging port 10 formed at its upper portion is
vertically connected to a cooling chamber 3 including a coke discharge unit 11 disposed
at its lower portion.
[0004] The cooling chamber 3 is formed to have a conical lower part (for example, an inverted
conical or inverted truncated conical lower part). A blast head 4 serving as a cooling
gas supplying unit for injecting a cooling gas such as an inert gas to make the descending
flow of coke uniform is disposed at the center of the conical part. The blast head
4 includes a substantially conical cap member 41 and is configured such that the cooling
gas is circumferentially injected from an injection port (not shown) formed in the
cap member 41. The blast head 4 is supported by a supporting member 42 having a gas
flow passage formed thereinside, and the gas flow passage inside the supporting member
42 is in communication with a gas supply chamber 43. A part of the cooling gas supplied
to the gas supply chamber 43 is configured to be supplied to the cooling chamber 3
also from cooling gas supplying units (for example, supply ports 44) disposed circumferentially
in an inclined portion of the cooling chamber 3 that is located in the lower part
thereof.
[0005] Moreover, a plurality of divided small flues 5 for discharging the cooling gas injected
into the cooling chamber 3 are formed so as to circumferentially surround the barrel
portion of the pre-chamber 2.
[0006] In the above configuration, high temperature red-hot coke 6 is charged into the chamber
through the coke charging port 10 and continuously discharged from the bottom of the
chamber through the coke discharge unit 11. During this process, the coke 6 descending
inside the chamber is cooled by heat exchange with the cooling gas from the lower
portion of the chamber that includes the blast head 4. The cooling gas increased in
temperature by heat exchange is discharged from the chamber through the small flues
5. Although not shown in the drawing, the discharged gas passes through a dust removing
unit is then supplied to a heat recovery apparatus such as a waste gas boiler to recover
the heat, and is again supplied as the cooling gas to the chamber.
[0007] In the above coke dry quenching equipment 1, not all the coke 6 in the chamber uniformly
descends straight down. The coke 6 inside the chamber gradually descends along different
paths in different directions due to the influence of the shape and wall surface of
the chamber and differences in properties of the coke. The non-uniform descent causes
varied heat exchange of the coke 6, resulting in low cooling efficiency of the chamber
as a whole, which has been a problem for a long time. Another problem is that a large
chamber is required to cool the coke 6 to a predetermined temperature because the
cooling efficiency of the chamber as a whole is low.
[0008] One known method to solve the above problems is to improve the blast head 4 (see,
for example, Patent Documents 1 and 2). Patent Document 1 describes a method in which
the skirt portion at the end of the blast head is driven to extend and contract, so
that the width of the passage of coke is changed to control variation in heat exchange.
Patent Document 2 describes a method in which the entire head portion of the blast
head is vertically raised and lowered.
[0009] The blast head 4 disposed in the lower part of the chamber receives a high pressure
from the charged coke 6 (such as the pressure caused by the mass of the coke and the
descent thereof). Therefore, to raise and lower the blast head or to extend and contract
the end of the blast head as described in Patent Documents 1 and 2, an expensive high-power
driving unit is required. In addition, the temperature inside the chamber environment
is high, and the chamber contains a large amount of dust. Therefore, the use of a
movable blast head as in Patent Documents 1 and 2 can cause troubles in the equipment.
[0011]
[Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. Hei 1-110592
[Patent Document 2] Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. Sho 63-10691
DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION
PROBLEMS TO BE SOLVED BY THE INVENTION
[0012] The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances. An object
of the present invention is to provide coke dry quenching equipment including a blast
head that can make the descent of coke uniform in a chamber to contribute to the improvement
of the efficiency of cooling the coke and to provide a coke dry quenching method.
[0013] Another object of the present invention is to provide coke dry quenching equipment
including a blast head that can improve the efficiency of cooling coke to reduce the
size of the chamber and to provide a coke dry quenching method.
MEANS FOR SOLVING THE PROBLEMS
[0014] In coke dry quenching equipment of the present invention, red-hot coke is charged
from an upper portion of a chamber formed to have a lower conical portion, descends
inside the chamber while being cooled by a cooling gas injected from a cooling gas
supply unit disposed in the lower portion of the chamber, and is then discharged from
a coke discharge port disposed in the lower portion of the chamber. The coke dry quenching
equipment is characterized by disposing at least one cap-shaped small head below a
cap-shaped main head and having a diameter d smaller than a diameter D of the main
head, wherein a blast head is disposed in the lower portion of the chamber and the
diameter D of the main head is the diameter of the blast head.
[0015] The cap-shaped main head is placed on a supporting member disposed so as to penetrate
a side wall of the conical portion in the lower portion of the chamber, a direction
of a flow of the coke descending in a central portion of the chamber in the conical
portion is changed to a circumferentially outward direction by the main head. The
small head is disposed such that an angle (θ1) between a horizontal axis line passing
through the lower end plane of the conical portion and a line (T1) connecting an outer
peripheral edge of the small head to the center of the coke discharge port is in the
range of 60° to 80°. Preferably, the small head and the main head are disposed such
that angles (θ1, θ2) between a horizontal axis line and lines (T1, T2) connecting
the outer peripheral edges of the small head and the main head to the center of the
coke discharge port are in the range of 60° degrees to 80°. In this case, the angles
θ1 and θ2 may be the same or different.
[0016] Preferably, an inclination angle θ3 of the conical portion is in the range of θ4
to θ4. - 25°, where θ4 is a smaller one of the angles (θ1, θ2) between a horizontal
axis line and lines (T1, T2) connecting outer peripheral edges of the small head and
the main head to the center of the coke discharge port.
[0017] Preferably, a bore Dh of the coke discharge port is one-half or more of the diameter
d of the small head (Dh ≥ 0.5d).
[0018] Preferably, the small head is disposed at a position at which H is 1 to 5 times the
bore Dh of the coke discharge port, where H is a distance from a repose angle lower
plane of the coke that is formed below the small head to the coke discharge port.
[0019] Preferably, a gas flow passage for the cooling gas is provided in the main head or
in each of the main head and the small head to constitute a cooling gas supply unit
for injecting the cooling gas into the chamber.
[0020] A coke dry quenching method of the present invention includes charging red-hot coke
from an upper portion of a chamber formed to have a lower conical portion, allowing
the red-hot coke to descend inside the chamber and cooling the coke by a cooling gas
injected from a cooling gas supply unit disposed in a lower portion of the chamber,
and discharging the coke from a coke discharge port disposed in the lower portion
of the chamber. The method is characterized by disposing at least one cap-shaped small
head below a cap-shaped main head and having a diameter d smaller than a diameter
D of the main head, wherein a blast head is disposed in the lower portion of the chamber
and the diameter D of the main head is a diameter of the blast head.
[0021] The cap-shaped main head is placed on a supporting member disposed so as to penetrate
a side wall of the conical portion in the lower portion of the chamber, a direction
of a flow of the coke descending in a central portion of the chamber in the conical
portion is changed to a circumferentially outward direction by the main head. The
small head is disposed such that an angle (Θ1) between a horizontal axis line passing
through the lower end plane of the conical portion and a line (T1) connecting an outer
peripheral edge of the small head to the center of the coke discharge port is in a
range of 60° to 80°.
[0022] Preferably, the cooling gas is injected from the main head or from the main head
and the small head to cool the red-hot coke.
EFFECTS OF THE INVENTION
[0023] According to the present invention, a small head is disposed below a main head and
has a diameter d smaller than a diameter D of the main head, the blast head being
disposed in the lower portion of the chamber and the diameter D of the main head is
the diameter of the blast head. Therefore, the variation of the coke that descends
inside the chamber is improved, and uniform descent of the coke is thereby achieved.
This allows uniform heat exchange between the coke and the cooling gas in the chamber,
and the efficiency of cooling the coke is thereby improved.
[0024] In the present invention, since uniform descent of the coke is achieved, the efficiency
of cooling the coke is improved. Therefore, the size of the chamber can be reduced.
In particular, since the cooling gas is injected also from the small head, a region
below the blast head (main head), which is not utilized as a cooling zone in the conventional
structure, can be used as a cooling zone. The cooling efficiency can thereby be further
improved, and the size of the chamber can be further reduced.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0025]
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram illustrating coke dry quenching equipment according
to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a horizontal cross sectional view of the coke dry quenching equipment.
Fig. 3 is a set of diagrams illustrating a blast head of the coke dry quenching equipment.
Fig. 4 is a diagram illustrating the action of the blast head.
Fig. 5 is a set of diagrams illustrating the effects of the blast head.
Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram illustrating conventional coke dry quenching equipment.
DESCRIPTION OF REFERENCE NUMERALS
[0026]
- 1
- coke dry quenching equipment
- 2
- pre-chamber
- 3
- cooling chamber
- 4
- blast head
- 41
- main head
- 42
- supporting member
- 45
- small head
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
[0027] Preferred embodiments of coke dry quenching equipment and a coke dry quenching method
according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the
drawings. However, the technical scope of the present invention is not construed as
being limited to the description of the embodiments.
[0028] As shown in Figs. 1 and 2, a chamber of coke dry quenching equipment 1 in the present
embodiment is configured to include a pre-chamber 2 having a coke charging port 10
in its upper portion and a cooling chamber 3 having a coke discharge port 12 in its
bottom portion, the pre-chamber 2 and the cooling chamber 3 being connected vertically.
These chambers can be formed of, for example, a refractory material such as steel
or brick. High temperature coke 6 generated in a coke oven is charged into the pre-chamber
2 from the coke charging port 10 using a coke transferring unit (not shown) such as
a bucket. The coke 6 charged into the pre-chamber 2 gradually descends and enters
the cooling chamber 3. The coke 6 that enters the cooling chamber 3 continues descending
gradually, is cooled by a cooling gas 7, and continuously discharged through a coke
discharge unit 11 disposed at the coke discharge port 12. In general operation, the
coke 6 is continuously discharged through the coke discharge unit 11 and is replenished
on a batch basis. However, the present invention is not limited thereto.
[0029] The cooling chamber 3 is formed to have a cone-shaped (for example, inverted conical
or inverted truncated conical) lower portion. A blast head 4 that is used as a cooling
gas supply unit for injecting a cooling gas such as an inert gas and to make the descending
flow of the coke 6 uniform is disposed in the central portion of the conical portion
(for example, on the center axis thereof). As shown in Fig. 2, the blast head 4 is
supported by a substantially cross-shaped supporting member 42 disposed so as to penetrate
the side wall of the conical portion. In addition, a gas supply chamber 43 is formed
so as to surround the outer circumference of the conical portion, and the ends of
the supporting member 42 that penetrate the side wall of the conical portion extend
inside the gas supply chamber 43. A gas flow passage (not shown) for the cooling gas
is formed inside the supporting member 42. In this configuration, the cooling gas
supplied to the gas supply chamber 43 is introduced into the blast head 4 through
the gas flow passage and then injected into the chamber through the blast head 4.
Part of the cooling gas supplied to the gas supply chamber 43 is supplied to the cooling
chamber 3 also from cooling gas supply units (for example, supply ports 44) disposed
circumferentially in an inclined portion of the cooling chamber 3 that is located
in the lower part thereof. However, the invention is not limited to this configuration.
The cooling gas may be supplied from any one of the blast head 4 and a supply port
44. The substantially cross-shaped supporting member 42 shown in Fig. 2 is only an
example. The shape of the supporting member 42 is not limited to the cross shape,
so long as the supporting member 42 can support the blast head 4.
[0030] The blast head 4 of the present embodiment has a two-stage head structure having
a main head 41 disposed in an upper section and a small head 45 disposed in a lower
section. Each of the main head 41 and the small head 45 includes a substantially conical
cap member and is configured such that the cooling gas is injected, for example, circumferentially
from a gas injection port (not shown) formed in the cap member. The diameter (bore)
d of the small head 45 is smaller than the diameter (bore) D of the main head 41.
The shapes of the heads are not limited to the shapes shown in Fig. 1, so long as
they satisfy the above condition. Preferably, as shown in Fig. 3(a), the small head
45 and the main head 41 are disposed such that the angles (θ1, θ2) between a horizontal
axis line and lines (T1, T2) connecting the outer peripheral edges of the heads (in
this example, the outer peripheral edges of the cap members) to the center of the
coke discharge port 12 are in the range of 60° to 80° and particularly preferably
70° (condition (I)). "The coke discharge port" in the condition (I) is defined to
mean the end of the inclined section of the conical portion (i.e. , the lower end
plane of the conical portion), as exemplified in Fig. 3(a). Preferably, both the angles
(θ1, θ2) are in the range of 60° to 80°. However, when at least the angle θ1 of the
small head 45 is in the above range, the angle θ2 of the main head 41 may be outside
the above range. Fig. 3(a) shows one exemplary arrangement in which the angles θ1
and θ2 are different. However, the heads may be arranged such that the angles θ1 and
θ2 are the same.
[0031] More preferably, as shown in Fig. 3 (a), the inclination angle θ3 of the conical
portion is in the range of θ4 to θ4 - 25° (condition (II)), where θ4 is a smaller
one of the angles (θ1, θ2) between the horizontal axis line and the lines (T1, T2)
connecting the outer peripheral edges of the small head 45 and the main head 41 to
the center of the coke discharge port 12.
[0032] More preferably, the bore Dh of the coke discharge port 12 shown in Fig. 3(a) is
one-half or more of the diameter d of the small head 45 (Dh ≥ 0.5d) (condition (III)).
[0033] Preferably, as shown in Fig. 3(b), the small head 45 is disposed at a position at
which H is 1 to 5 times the bore Dh of the coke discharge port 12 and more preferably
1 to 3 times the bore Dh (condition (IV)), where H is the distance from the lower
plane (h1) of a space formed below the small head 45 at the angle of repose of the
coke 6 to the coke discharge port 12. "The coke discharge port 12" in this condition
is defined similarly to that in the condition (I) above. Generally, the angle of repose
of coke is 34° to 35°. Therefore, the height position of the lower plane (h1) can
be computed or arithmetically calculated using this value. However, the present invention
is not limited thereto. The angle of repose may be computed using any other known
method. For example, the angle of repose is measured using a sample of coke.
[0034] In the present embodiment, it is preferable that one of the conditions (I) and (IV)
be satisfied. However, to achieve uniform descent of the coke in a more reliable manner,
it is preferable that both the conditions (I) and (IV) be satisfied. More preferably,
condition (I) is combined with condition (II) and/or condition (III).
[0035] Referring again to Fig. 1, a plurality of divided small flues 5 for discharging the
cooling gas are formed so as to circumferentially surround the straight tubular barrel
portion of the pre-chamber 2. A flue 51 is connected to the small flues 5. The flue
51 is connected to a heat recovery apparatus 53 such as a waste heat boiler through
a dust catcher 52 used as a first dust removing unit. The gas cooled in the heat recovery
apparatus 53 passes through a second dust removing unit 54, is sent to a preheater
56 by a blowing unit 55 such as a blower, and again supplied as the cooling gas to
the cooling chamber 3. This configuration is well-known, and the detailed description
thereof is omitted.
[0036] In the above coke dry quenching equipment 1, the coke 6 charged into the pre-chamber
2 from the coke charging port 10 gradually descends and enters the cooling chamber
3, while the coke 6 is continuously discharged from the bottom of the cooling chamber
3. The coke 6 is then cooled in the cooling chamber 3 by heat exchange with the cooling
gas 7 injected from the main head 41 and the small head 45 and the cooling gas 7 injected
from the supply ports 44 and is discharged through the coke discharge unit 11. Preferably,
the ratio of the volume of gas per unit time from the main head 41 to that from the
small head 45 is, for example, 8:2. As described in the section of BACKGROUND ART,
the coke 6 descending inside the chamber generally tends to gradually descend along
different paths in different directions due to the influence of the shape and wall
surface of the chamber and differences in properties of the coke. The present inventors
have thought that this is the main cause of the variation of the descent and have
conducted extensive studies. The inventors have found that the addition of the small
head 45 that is smaller than the main head 41 and is disposed below the main head
41 can significantly improve the nonuniformity of the descent. Thus the invention
has been completed. Particularly, when the main head 41 and the small head 45 satisfy
the above relational condition (I) and/or condition (IV), the above effect is high.
Tests were actually performed to confirm that the values in the conditions (I) and
(IV) are tightly related to the properties of coke.
[0037] The inventors consider that the reason that the variation of the descent can be improved
is as follows. As schematically illustrated in Fig. 4, in the conical portion of the
cooling chamber 3, the direction of the flow of the coke 6 descending in the central
portion of the chamber is changed to a circumferentially outward direction by the
main head 41, so that the slow descending flow of the coke near the furnace wall is
facilitated. Then a flowdirected to the center at the angle of repose is formed below
the main head 41. The direction of the flow is changed to the circumferentially outward
direction by the small head 45, so that the flow of the coke near the furnace wall
is further facilitated. Then a flow directed to the center at the angle of repose
is formed below the small head 45, and the coke is discharged through the coke discharge
port 12. The flow state is regulated in the conical portion in the manner described
above. Therefore, after the coke in the central portion of the chamber passes over
the main head 41, this coke is prevented from selectively descending toward the coke
discharge port 12 and descends uniformly together with the coke near the wall. The
variation of the descent in the cooling chamber 3 is thereby improved.
[0038] If the condition (I) described above is satisfied, the circumferentially outward
flows formed by the main head 41 and the small head 45 can more effectively act on
regions in which the internal friction angle of the coke causes low fluidity, and
the variation of the descent can thereby be improved in a more reliable manner. More
specifically, the inventors have focused attention on that the internal friction angle
of coke is about 75°, and the angles of the outer peripheral edges of the main head
41 and the small head 45 are set to 60° to 80°. This allows the circumferentially
outward flows to more effectively act on the regions in which the internal friction
angle of the coke causes low fluidity. The operational effects of the condition (I)
can be more effective when the condition (I) is combined with the condition (II) and/or
the condition (III).
[0039] The condition (IV) described above allows the height position of the small head 45
to be more preferable. If the condition (IV) is satisfied, the variation of the descent
can be improved in a more reliable manner. More specifically, as illustrated in Fig.
5, when the condition Dh ≤ distance H ≤ 5Dh is satisfied, the nonuniformity of descent
is smaller than that when the distance H is smaller than the bore Dh and that when
the distance H is large than 5 times the bore Dh. This may be because, when the distance
H is larger than 5 times the bore Dh (Fig. 5(b)), the distance from the small head
45 to the coke discharge port 12 is too long, so that the coke that passes over the
small head 45 selectively descends through the central portion. When the distance
H is smaller than the bore Dh (Fig. 5(a)), the distance from the small head 45 to
the coke discharge port 12 is too short. Therefore, it is assumed that the coke may
be discharged before the flow of coke is changed to a circumferentially outward direction
below the small head 45 and the flow is formed into a flow toward the center at the
angle of repose. In Fig. 5(a), the space between the small head 45 and the wall surface
of the chamber through which the coke passes becomes narrow, and this may be another
cause.
[0040] As described above, in the present embodiment, the small head 45 smaller than the
main head 41 in size is added to provide a two-stage head structure in which the small
head 45 is disposed below the main head 41. The variation of the descent of the coke
inside the conical portion of the chamber is thereby improved, whereby uniform descent
of the coke is achieved over the entire chamber. When uniform descent of the coke
is obtained inside the chamber, uniform heat exchange between the coke and the cooling
gas is achieved in the chamber, and the efficiency of cooling the coke can thereby
be improved. In particular, when the conditions (I) to (IV) are satisfied, such an
effect can be enhanced.
[0041] In the present embodiment, since the efficiency of cooling the coke is improved,
the size of the chamber can be reduced. In particular, by injecting the cooling gas
also from the small head 45, the region below the main head 41, which is not utilized
as a cooling zone in the conventional structure, can be used as a cooling zone. Therefore,
the cooling efficiency can be further improved, and the size of the chamber can be
further reduced. However, the cooling gas may not be injected from the small head
45, and the cooling gas may be injected only from the main head 41.
[0042] In the present invention, the number of small heads 45 disposed below the main head
41 is not necessarily limited to one, and a multi-stage head structure having 3 or
more stages may be used. In such a case, it is preferable to reduce the head bore
(d) gradually for lower heads.
[0043] Embodiments and examples of the present invention have been exemplified above.
1. Coke dry quenching equipment wherein red-hot coke is charged from an upper portion
of a chamber formed to have a lower conical portion, descends inside the chamber while
being cooled by a cooling gas injected from a cooling gas supply unit disposed in
the lower portion of the chamber, and is then discharged from a coke discharge port
disposed in the lower end plane of the conical portion of the chamber,
the coke dry quenching equipment being characterized by placing a cap-shaped main head of a blast head having a diameter D on a supporting
member disposed so as to penetrate a side wall of the conical portion in the lower
portion of the chamber, changing a direction of a flow of the coke descending in a
central portion of the chamber in the conical portion to a circumferentially outward
direction by the main head, suspending at least one cap-shaped small head of the blast
head having a diameter d smaller than the diameter D of the main head so as to be
disposed below the main head, and disposing the small head such that an angle (θ1)
between a horizontal axis line passing through the lower end plane of the conical
portion and a line (T1) connecting an outer peripheral edge of the small head to the
center of the coke discharge port is in a range of 60° to 80°.
2. The coke dry quenching equipment according to claim 1, wherein a longitudinally extending
supporting member is disposed from the supporting member below the main head, and
the small head is suspended from the longitudinally extending supporting member, so
as to dispose and fix the small head below the main head.
3. The coke dry quenching equipment according to claim 2, wherein the longitudinally
extending supporting member from the supporting member below the main head is disposed
and extended along a central axis of the main head and the small head.
4. The coke dry quenching equipment according to claim 1, wherein the main head is disposed
such that an angle (θ2) between a horizontal axis line and a line (T2) connecting
an outer peripheral edge of the main head to the center of the coke discharge port
is in a range of 60° to 80°.
5. The coke dry quenching equipment according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein an
inclination angle θ3 of the conical portion is in a range of θ4 to θ4 - 25°, where
θ4 is a smaller one of angles (θ1, θ2) between a horizontal axis line and lines (T1,
T2) connecting outer peripheral edges of the small head and the main head to the center
of the coke discharge port.
6. The coke dry quenching equipment according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein a
bore Dh of the coke discharge port is one-half or more of the diameter d of the small
head (Dh ≥ 0.5d).
7. The coke dry quenching equipment according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the
small head is disposed at a position at which H is 1 to 5 times the bore Dh of the
coke discharge port, where H is a distance from a repose angle lower plane of the
coke that is formed below the small head to the coke discharge port.
8. The coke dry quenching equipment according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein a
gas flow passage for injecting the cooling gas is provided in the main head or in
each of the main head and the small head.
9. The coke dry quenching equipment according claim 8, wherein the gas flow passage to
provide the cooling gas to small head is formed inside the longitudinally extending
supporting member.
10. A coke dry quenching method comprising charging red-hot coke from an upper portion
of a chamber formed to have a lower conical portion, allowing the red-hot coke to
descend inside the chamber and cooling the coke by a cooling gas injected from a cooling
gas supply unit disposed in a lower portion of the chamber, and discharging the coke
from a coke discharge port disposed in the lower end plane of the conical portion
of the chamber,
the method being characterized by placing a cap-shaped main head having a diameter D of a blast heads on a supporting
member disposed so as to penetrate a side wall of the conical portion in the lower
portion of the chamber, changing a direction of a flow of the coke descending in a
central portion of the chamber in the conical portion to a circumferentially outward
direction by the main head, suspending at least one cap-shaped small head having a
diameter d smaller than the diameter D of the main head so as to dispose said small
head below the main head, and disposing the small head such that an angle (θ1) between
a horizontal axis line passing through the lower end plane of the conical portion
and a line (T1) connecting an outer peripheral edge of the small head to the center
of the coke discharge port is in a range of 60° to 80°.
11. The coke dry quenching method according to claim 10, wherein the cooling gas is injected
from the main head or from the main head and the small head via the supporting member
to cool the red-hot coke.
1. Kokstrockenlöschvorrichtung, wobei glühender Koks aus einem oberen Abschnitt einer
Kammer aufgegeben wird, die so gebildet ist, dass sie einen unteren konischen Abschnitt
hat, sich innerhalb der Kammer herabbewegt, während er durch ein Kühlgas gekühlt wird,
das aus einer Kühlgas-Zufuhreinheit eingeblasen wird, die im unteren Abschnitt der
Kammer angeordnet ist, und dann aus einer Koksabgabeöffnung abgegeben wird, die in
der unteren Endebene des konischen Abschnitts der Kammer angeordnet ist,
wobei die Kokstrockenlöschvorrichtung gekennzeichnet ist durch Platzieren eines kappenförmigen Hauptkopfs eines Einblaskopfs mit einem Durchmesser
D auf einem Stützbauteil, das so angeordnet ist, dass es eine Seitenwand des konischen
Abschnitts im unteren Abschnitt der Kammer durchdringt, Ändern einer Richtung einer
Strömung des sich in einem Mittelabschnitt der Kammer herabbewegenden Kokses im konischen
Abschnitt zu einer Umfangsauswärtsrichtung durch den Hauptkopf, Abhängen mindestens eines kappenförmigen kleinen Kopfs des Einblaskopfs
mit einem Durchmesser d, der kleiner als der Durchmesser D des Hauptkopfs ist, so
dass er unter dem Hauptkopf angeordnet ist, und Anordnen des kleinen Kopfs, so dass
ein Winkel (θ1) zwischen einer horizontalen Achsenlinie, die die untere Endebene des
konischen Abschnitts durchläuft, und einer Linie (T1), die eine Außenumfangskante
des kleinen Kopfs mit der Mitte der Koksabgabeöffnung verbindet, in einem Bereich
von 60° bis 80° liegt.
2. Kokstrockenlöschvorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, wobei ein sich längs erstreckendes Stützbauteil
vom Stützbauteil unter dem Hauptkopf angeordnet ist und der kleine Kopf vom sich längs
erstreckenden Stützbauteil so abgehängt ist, dass der kleine Kopf unter dem Hauptkopf
angeordnet und befestigt ist.
3. Kokstrockenlöschvorrichtung nach Anspruch 2, wobei das sich vom Stützbauteil unter
dem Hauptkopf längs erstreckende Stützbauteil entlang einer Mittelachse des Hauptkopfs
und des kleinen Kopfs angeordnet ist und sich daran entlang erstreckt.
4. Kokstrockenlöschvorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, wobei der Hauptkopf so angeordnet ist,
dass ein Winkel (θ2) zwischen einer horizontalen Achsenlinie und einer Linie (T2),
die eine Außenumfangskante des Hauptkopfs mit der Mitte der Koksabgabeöffnung verbindet,
in einem Bereich von 60° bis 80° liegt.
5. Kokstrockenlöschvorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, wobei ein Neigungswinkel
θ3 des konischen Abschnitts in einem Bereich von θ4 bis θ4 - 25° liegt, wobei θ4 ein
kleinerer von Winkeln (θ1, θ2) zwischen einer horizontalen Achsenlinie und Linien
(T1, T2) ist, die Außenumfangskanten des kleinen Kopfs und des Hauptkopfs mit der
Mitte der Koksabgabeöffnung verbinden.
6. Kokstrockenlöschvorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, wobei ein Innendurchmesser
Dh der Koksabgabeöffnung mindestens halb so groß wie der Durchmesser d des kleinen
Kopfs ist (Dh ≥ 0,5d).
7. Kokstrockenlöschvorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, wobei der kleine Kopf
an einer Position angeordnet ist, an der H das 1- bis 5-fache des Innendurchmessers
Dh der Koksabgabeöffnung beträgt, wobei H ein Abstand von einer unteren Schüttwinkelebene
des Kokses, die unter dem kleinen Kopf gebildet ist, zur Koksabgabeöffnung ist.
8. Kokstrockenlöschvorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7, wobei ein Gasströmungskanal
zum Einblasen des Kühlgases im Hauptkopf oder jeweils im Hauptkopf und im kleinen
Kopf vorgesehen ist.
9. Kokstrockenlöschvorrichtung nach Anspruch 8, wobei der Gasströmungskanal zum Führen
des Kühlgases zum kleinen Kopf innerhalb des sich längs erstreckenden Stützbauteils
gebildet ist.
10. Kokstrockenlöschverfahren, das aufweist: Aufgeben von glühendem Koks aus einem oberen
Abschnitt einer Kammer, die so gebildet ist, dass sie einen unteren konischen Abschnitt
hat, Herabbewegenlassen des glühenden Kokses innerhalb der Kammer und Kühlen des Kokses
durch ein Kühlgas, das aus einer Kühlgas-Zufuhreinheit eingeblasen wird, die im unteren
Abschnitt der Kammer angeordnet ist, und Abgeben des Kokses aus einer Koksabgabeöffnung,
die in der unteren Endebene des konischen Abschnitts der Kammer angeordnet ist,
wobei das Verfahren gekennzeichnet ist durch: Platzieren eines kappenförmigen Hauptkopfs mit einem Durchmesser D eines Einblaskopfs
auf einem Stützbauteil, das so angeordnet ist, dass es eine Seitenwand des konischen
Abschnitts im unteren Abschnitt der Kammer durchdringt, Ändern einer Richtung einer
Strömung des sich in einem Mittelabschnitt der Kammer herabbewegenden Kokses im konischen
Abschnitt zu einer Umfangsauswärtsrichtung durch den Hauptkopf, Abhängen mindestens eines kappenförmigen kleinen Kopfs mit einem Durchmesser
d, der kleiner als der Durchmesser D des Hauptkopfs ist, so dass der kleine Kopf unter
dem Hauptkopf angeordnet ist, und Anordnen des kleinen Kopfs, so dass ein Winkel (θ1)
zwischen einer horizontalen Achsenlinie, die die untere Endebene des konischen Abschnitts
durchläuft, und einer Linie (T1), die eine Außenumfangskante des kleinen Kopfs mit
der Mitte der Koksabgabeöffnung verbindet, in einem Bereich von 60° bis 80° liegt.
11. Kokstrockenlöschverfahren nach Anspruch 10, wobei das Kühlgas aus dem Hauptkopf oder
aus dem Hauptkopf und dem kleinen Kopf über das Stützbauteil eingeblasen wird, um
den glühenden Koks zu kühlen.
1. Equipement d'extinction à sec de coke dans lequel du coke rouge-chaud est chargé à
partir d'une portion supérieure d'une chambre formée pour présenter une portion conique
inférieure, descend à l'intérieur de la chambre tout en étant refroidi par un gaz
réfrigérant injecté à partir d'une unité d'alimentation en gaz réfrigérant disposée
dans la portion inférieure de la chambre, et est ensuite évacué à partir d'un orifice
d'évacuation de coke disposé dans le plan d'extrémité inférieure de la portion conique
de la chambre,
l'équipement d'extension à sec de coke étant caractérisé en plaçant une tête principale
en forme de calotte d'une tête de soufflage ayant un diamètre D sur un élément de
support disposé afin de pénétrer une paroi latérale de la portion conique dans la
portion inférieure de la chambre, en modifiant une direction d'un écoulement du coke
descendant dans une portion centrale de la chambre dans la portion conique vers une
direction circonférentiellement extérieure par la tête principale, en suspendant au
moins une petite tête en forme de calotte de la tête de soufflage ayant un diamètre
d inférieur au diamètre D de la tête principale afin d'être disposée sous la tête
principale, et en disposant la petite tête de sorte qu'un angle (θ1) entre une ligne
d'axe horizontal passant à travers le plan d'extrémité inférieur de la portion conique
et une ligne (T1) connectant un bord périphérique externe de la petite tête au centre
de l'orifice d'évacuation de coke se trouve dans un intervalle de 60° à 80°.
2. Equipement d'extinction à sec de coke selon la revendication 1, dans lequel un élément
de support s'étendant longitudinalement est disposé à partir de l'élément de support
sous la tête principale, et la petite tête est suspendue à partir de l'élément de
support s'étendant longitudinalement afin de disposer et fixer la petite tête sous
la tête principale.
3. Equipement d'extinction à sec de coke selon la revendication 2, dans lequel l'élément
de support s'étendant longitudinalement à partir de l'élément de support sous la tête
principale est disposé et étendu le long d'un axe central de la tête principale et
de la petite tête.
4. Equipement d'extinction à sec de coke selon la revendication 1, dans lequel la tête
principale est disposée de sorte qu'un angle (θ2) entre une ligne d'axe horizontal
et une ligne (T2) connectant un bord périphérique externe de la tête principale au
centre de l'orifice d'évacuation de coke se trouve dans un intervalle de 60° à 80°.
5. Equipement d'extinction à sec de coke selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1
à 4, dans lequel un angle d'inclinaison θ3 de la portion conique se trouve dans un
intervalle de θ4 à θ4 - 25°, où θ4 est le plus petit des angles (θ1, θ2) entre une
ligne d'axe horizontal et des lignes (T1, T2) connectant des bords périphériques externes
de la petite tête et de la tête principale au centre de l'orifice d'évacuation de
coke.
6. Equipement d'extinction à sec de coke selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1
à 5, dans lequel une perforation Dh de l'orifice d'évacuation de coke est la moitié
ou plus du diamètre d de la petite tête (Dh ≥ 0,5 d).
7. Equipement d'extinction à sec de coke selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1
à 6, dans lequel la petite tête est disposée à une position à laquelle H est de 1
à 5 fois la perforation Dh de l'orifice d'évacuation de coke, où H est une distance
à partir d'un plan inférieur d'angle de talus naturel du coke qui est formé sous la
petite tête jusqu'à l'orifice d'évacuation de coke.
8. Equipement d'extinction à sec de coke selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1
à 7, dans lequel un passage d'écoulement de gaz pour l'injection du gaz réfrigérant
est fourni dans la tête principale ou dans chacune de la tête principale et de la
petite tête.
9. Equipement d'extinction à sec de coke selon la revendication 8, dans lequel le passage
d'écoulement de gaz pour fournir le gaz réfrigérant à la petite tête est formé à l'intérieur
de l'élément de support s'étendant longitudinalement.
10. Procédé d'extinction à sec de coke comprenant le chargement de coke rouge-chaud à
partir d'une portion supérieure d'une chambre formée pour présenter une portion conique
inférieure, le laisser le coke rouge-chaud descendre à l'intérieur de la chambre et
le refroidissement du coke par un gaz réfrigérant injecté à partir d'une unité d'alimentation
en gaz réfrigérant disposée dans une portion inférieure de la chambre, et l'évacuation
du coke à partir d'un orifice d'évacuation de coke disposé dans le plan d'extrémité
inférieur de la portion conique de la chambre,
le procédé étant caractérisé en plaçant une tête principale en forme de calotte ayant
un diamètre D d'une tête de soufflage sur un élément de support disposé afin de pénétrer
une paroi latérale de la portion conique dans la portion inférieure de la chambre,
en modifiant une direction d'un écoulement du coke descendant dans une portion centrale
de la chambre dans la portion conique vers une direction circonférentiellement extérieure
par la tête principale, en suspendant au moins une petite tête en forme de calotte
ayant un diamètre d inférieur au diamètre D de la tête principale afin de disposer
la petite tête sous la tête principale, et en disposant la petite tête de sorte qu'un
angle (θ1) entre une ligne d'axe horizontal passant à travers le plan d'extrémité
inférieur de la portion conique et une ligne (T1) connectant un bord périphérique
externe de la petite tête au centre de l'orifice d'évacuation de coke se trouve dans
un intervalle de 60° à 80°.
11. Procédé d'extinction à sec de coke selon la revendication 10, dans lequel le gaz réfrigérant
est injecté à partir de la tête principale ou à partir de la tête principale et de
la petite tête via l'élément de support pour refroidir le coke rouge-chaud.