Technical field
[0001] The invention relates to a roller for scraping hair on the surface of felt semi-finished
products.
[0002] The invention also relates to a device for scraping hair on the surface of felt semi-finished
products equipped with this roller.
Background art
[0003] Nowadays, in the production of felt products, especially headwear, made of, e.g.,
rabbit hair or wool fibers etc., it is usual to use for the final scraping of the
hair on the surface of semi-finished products a roller coated with a strip of shark
skin, as is known from
US 2,626,732. Its advantage is that due to the unique surface of the shark skin which contains
spines of a specific shape and size spaced with appropriate density (approximately
from 30 to 70 /cm
2) in a suitable spatial arrangement (approximately in a chessboard pattern), a high-quality
scraping of the hair with minimal losses in combing noils is achieved, whereby the
combing noils which may be captured on the surface of the roller can be removed from
it very easily.
[0004] However, its disadvantage is the fact that it requires killing animals of one specific
species, which, in addition to being expensive, is also environmentally unfriendly
and, to a certain extent, it can be also considered immoral.
[0005] US 217,079 discloses a machine for shaving hats which comprises a plurality of knives on a revolving
drum.
[0006] The aim of the invention is therefore to propose a roller for scraping hair on the
surface of felt semi-finished products, which would eliminate the disadvantages of
the background art by creating the roller as a machining product which would, however,
imitate as accurately as possible the effect of the shark skin on a felt semi-finished
product and thus it would achieve the same or at least comparable quality of scraping
hair on the surface of felt semi-finished products.
Principle of the invention
[0007] The goal of the invention is achieved by a roller for scraping hair on the surface
of felt semi-finished products, which contains a basic cylindrical body, whose principle
consists in that on the outer circumference of the basic cylindrical body lamellas
are mounted inclined to or perpendicularly to its surface, each lamella being provided
on its outer side with scraping teeth with heads. So as to imitate the effect of the
shark skin with maximum accuracy possible, the heads of the scraping teeth of each
lamella are shifted in the direction of the axis of the basic cylindrical body to
the space between the heads of the scraping teeth of adjacent lamellas, and the heads
of mutually closest scraping teeth of at least three successive lamellas are arranged
outside a helix. Thus, the scraping teeth are arranged approximately in a chessboard
pattern, due to which using this roller results in high-quality scraping of hair on
the surface of felt semi-finished products, which is comparable to scraping of hair
on the surface of felt semi-finished products by a strip of shark skin.
[0008] In addition, it is most advantageous if the heads of the scraping teeth of each following
lamella are shifted in the direction of the axis of the basic cylindrical body to
the middle part of the space between the heads of the scraping teeth of the lamella,
or directly into their geometric center.
[0009] The lamellas are mounted on the outer surface of the basic cylindrical body of the
roller for scraping hair on the surface of felt semi-finished products perpendicularly
towards this surface or inclined thereto at an angle of 45° to 65° towards the tangent
at the point of the mounting.
[0010] Depending on the thickness of the individual lamellas, these lamellas are mounted
on the outer circumference of the basic cylindrical body with a pitch of 1.3 to 2.5
mm, whereby on some of its parts they can be mounted with different pitches, or they
can be completely omitted.
[0011] Currently, the most advantageous variant of embodiment of a roller for scraping hair
on the surface of felt semi-finished products according to the invention appears to
be a variant in which the pitch between the heads of scraping teeth arranged next
to each other ranges from 1 to 2 mm, the apex angle of the scraping teeth is from
15° to 60° and the height of the scraping teeth, or, to be more specific, the height
of the scraping teeth protruding above the outer surface of the roller for scraping
hair on the surface of felt semi-finished products is in the range from 0.3 to 2.5
mm.
[0012] In order to prevent excessive penetration of the scraping teeth into the semi-finished
product being scraped and its possible damaging, the heads of the scraping teeth are
partially ground off into the shape of a cylindrical area with a center on the axis
of the basic cylindrical body of the roller for scraping hair on the surface of felt
semi-finished products, while the radius of the cylindrical area is in the range from
the highest and the lowest portion of the head of the scraping tooth.
[0013] The aim of the invention is further achieved by a device for scraping hair on the
surface of felt semi-finished products equipped with this roller for scraping hair
on the surface of felt semi-finished products.
Description of drawings
[0014] In the enclosed drawings, Fig. 1 schematically represents a cross-section of a roller
for scraping hair on the surface of felt semi-finished products according to the invention,
Fig. 2 shows a detail of the mounting of the lamellas on the surface of the roller,
Fig. 3 shows a detail of one lamella, Fig. 4 illustrates a detail of the scraping
teeth of a lamella, and Fig. 5 shows a perspective view of a part of two adjacent
lamellas.
Specific description
[0015] The roller
1 for scraping hair on the surface of felt semi-finished products according to the
invention will be described with regard to Fig. 1 to Fig. 5, which schematically represent
one of the advantageous alternatives of its embodiment. In other unillustrated variants
of embodiment, this roller
1 for scraping hair on the surface of felt semi-finished products, or one of its components
is further modified by a number of various methods, which are, however, apparent to
a person skilled in the art from the illustrated variant and the description below,
and therefore not all of them will be explicitly described hereinafter.
[0016] The roller
1 for scraping hair on the surface of felt semi-finished products contains a basic
cylindrical body
10, on whose outer circumference are uniformly spaced grooves
2. In the illustrated variant of embodiment, these grooves
2 are parallel with the axis
11 of the basic cylindrical body
10 of the roller
1 for scraping hair on the surface of felt semi-finished products and are inclined
towards its surface, or, to be more specific, towards the tangent at the point of
the groove
2. In an unillustrated variant of embodiment, however, all the grooves
2, or at least some of them, may be arranged perpendicularly to the surface of the
basic cylindrical body
10, or, to be more specific, to the tangent at the point of the groove
2. In these grooves
2 are then mounted lamellas
20, which are provided on their outer side
21, which protrudes above the surface of the basic cylindrical body
10, with scraping teeth
22 with heads
23, arranged next to each other, whereby these lamellas
20 are according to the arrangement of the grooves
2 arranged inclined to or perpendicular to the outer surface of the basic cylindrical
body
10 of the roller
1 for scraping hair on the surface of felt semi-finished products. The heads
23 of the scraping teeth
22 are preferably, although not necessarily, partially ground off into the shape of
a cylindrical surface
230 with a center on the axis
11 of the basic cylindrical body
10, whereby the radius of the cylindrical surface is in the range between the highest
and lowest portion of the head
23 of the scraping tooth
22 (see Fig. 2). This grinding off, or, to be more specific, the small areas created
by it on the heads
23 of the scraping teeth
22 then prevents/prevent the scraping teeth
22 during scraping, when the roller
1 for scraping hair on the surface of felt semi-finished products rotates in the direction
indicated in Fig. 2 by arrow
A, from penetrating too deeply into an unillustrated semi-finished product being scraped
and from damaging it mechanically, since these small areas lean against the surface
of the semi-finished product being scraped and do not allow the scraping teeth
22 to penetrate into its structure more deeply than is required.
[0017] Nevertheless, the most significant feature of the roller
1 for scraping hair on the surface of felt semi-finished products according to the
invention is the fact that the heads
23 of the scraping teeth
22 of each lamella
20 are shifted in the direction of the axis
11 of the basic cylindrical body
10 to the space between the heads
23 of the scraping teeth
22 of the adjacent lamellas
20, and the heads
23 of mutually closest scraping teeth
22 of at least three lamellas
20 following one another are arranged outside a helix - see Fig. 5. Moreover, the greatest
advantage is the fact that the heads
23 of the scraping teeth
22 of each following lamella
20 are shifted in the direction of the axis
11 of the basic cylindrical body
10 to the middle part of the space between the heads
23 of the scraping teeth
22 of the preceding lamella
20, or to the geometric center of this space. Thanks to this arrangement, the heads
23 of the scraping teeth
22 are mounted substantially in a chessboard pattern, and so they copy the spacing of
the teeth, or, to be precise, the spines on the surface of the shark skin very accurately.
As experimentally verified when using this roller
1 for scraping hair on the surface of felt semi-finished products according to the
invention, the achieved quality of scraping is comparable to using the shark skin,
without excessive combing noils or without forming undesirable grooves on the surface
of the semi-finished product.
[0018] The lamellas
20 are mounted on the outer surface of the basic cylindrical body
10 of the roller
1 for scraping hair on the surface of felt semi-finished products preferably at an
angle
α, whose size is from 45° to 65°, to the tangent at the point of the mounting (see
Fig. 2), whereby lower values are favorable for smoother, less intense and more gentle
scraping; on the other hand, higher values are favorable for rougher, more intense
scraping. In unillustrated variants of embodiments, however, the size of the angle
α to the tangent at the point of the mounting may be also different, e.g. even 90°.
In addition, some lamellas
20 may be mounted according to the requirements on the outer surface of the basic cylindrical
body
10 at a different angle
α to the tangent at the point of their mounting, than the other lamellas
20, or, if necessary, some lamellas
20 may be mounted at any angle
α, while others are mounted at a different angle
α, or perpendicularly to the surface.
[0019] Preferably, all the lamellas
20 are mounted uniformly on the entire outer circumference of the basic cylindrical
body
10 of the roller
1 for scraping hair on the surface of felt semi-finished products with a pitch
S (see Fig. 2), whose size is preferably in the range from 1.3 mm to 2.5 mm, depending
on the width of the lamellas
2. Lower values of the pitch
S are advantageous for lower height of the scraping teeth
22 and for smoother scraping, whereas higher values of the pitch
S are favorable for greater height of the scraping teeth
22 intended for pre-scraping. In an unillustrated variant of embodiment, the lamellas
20 on a part of the outer circumference of the basic cylindrical body
10 of the roller
1 for scraping hair on the surface of felt semi-finished products can be mounted with
a different pitch
S than on the remaining parts/parts of its circumference, or, in case of need, they
can be completely omitted on a part of its circumference.
[0020] In unillustrated variants of embodiments, the lamellas
20 can be mounted on the outer circumference of the basic cylindrical body
10 obliquely with respect to its axis
11 (in respectively oriented grooves
2), whereby they form an acute angle with it, and/or in such a manner that only their
scraping teeth
22 protrude from the grooves
2 by their full height or a part of it.
[0021] It is the size and shape of the scraping teeth
22 that influences the quality of scraping the most. According to the properties of
the particular semi-finished product, it is advantageous to select the height
v of the scraping teeth
22, or, to be more specific, the height of the scraping teeth
22 protruding above the outer surface of the roller for scraping hair on the surface
of felt semi-finished products ranging in size from 0.3 to 2.5 mm, and their apex
angle
β being in the range from 15° to 60° (see Fig. 4). The pitch
t between the heads
23 of the scraping teeth
22 of one lamella
20, which are arranged next to each other, are then selected preferably approximately
in the range from 1 mm to 2 mm. In unillustrated variants of embodiments, however,
any of these parameters can be selected differently, according to the requirements,
or according to the parameters of the semi-finished product being scraped and/or according
to the requirements for the extent of scraping its hair on its surface. In general,
it applies that lower values are favorable for final scraping, whereas higher values
are favorable for pre-scraping.
[0022] In order to enable repair and replacement of the lamellas
20 with lamellas
20 of a different size and/or arrangement of the scraping teeth
22, it is advantageous if the individual lamellas
20 are mounted displaceably on the outer circumference of the basic cylindrical body
10 of the roller
1 for scraping hair on the surface of felt semi-finished products. In the variant shown
in Fig. 1, this mounting is realized by two flanges
3 connected displaceably to the faces of the basic cylindrical body
10 of the roller
1 for scraping hair on the surface of felt semi-finished products and a shape coupling
31 formed in these flanges
3 and at both ends of each lamella
20. However, in other unillustrated variants of embodiment, the mounting of the lamellas
20 can be realized by another known method, or by the shape coupling
31 of a different shape and/or arrangement than the one illustrated in Fig. 1 and Fig.
3.
[0023] Due to its construction, the roller
1 for scraping hair on the surface of felt semi-finished products according to the
invention is embedded in the existing device for scraping hair on the surface of felt
semi-finished products without having to make any modifications or adaptations.
1. A roller (1) for scraping hair on the surface of felt semi-finished products, which
contains a basic cylindrical body (10), characterized in that lamellas (20) are mounted on the outer circumference of the basic cylindrical body
(10) inclined to or perpendicular to its surface, parallel with its axis or obliquely
to it, the lamellas (20) being on their outer side provided with scraping teeth (22)
with heads (23), whereby the heads (23) of the scraping teeth (22) of each lamella
(20) are shifted in the direction of the axis (11) of the basic cylindrical body (10)
to the space between the heads (23) of the scraping teeth (22) of adjacent lamellas
(20), and the heads (23) of mutually closest scraping teeth (22) of each group of
three lamellas (20) following one another are arranged outside a helix.
2. The roller (1) according to Claim 1, characterized in that the heads (23) of the scraping teeth (22) of each following lamella (20) are shifted
in the direction of the axis (11) of the basic cylindrical body (10) to the middle
part of the space between the heads (23) of the scraping teeth (22) of the preceding
lamella (20).
3. The roller (1) according to Claim 2, characterized in that the heads (23) of the scraping teeth (22) of each following lamella (20) are shifted
to the geometric center of the space between the heads (23) of the scraping teeth
(22) of the preceding lamella (20).
4. The roller (1) according to any of Claims 1, 2, 3, characterized in that the lamellas (20) are mounted on the outer circumference of the basic cylindrical
body (10) inclined to its surface by an angle (α) of 45° to 65° to the tangent at
the point of mounting.
5. The roller (1) according to any of Claims 1, 2, 3, 4, characterized in that the lamellas (20) are mounted on the outer circumference of the basic cylindrical
body (10) with a pitch (S) ranging in size from 1.3 to 2.5 mm.
6. The roller (1) according to Claim 1, characterized in that the pitch (t) between the heads (23) of next to each other arranged scraping teeth
(22) of the lamella (20) is in the range from 1 mm to 2 mm.
7. The roller (1) according to any of Claims 1, 2, 3, 6, characterized in that the apex angle (β) of the scraping teeth (22) arranged on the lamella (20) ranges
from 15° to 60°.
8. The roller (1) according to any of Claims 1, 2, 3, 6, 7, characterized in that the height (v) of the scraping teeth (22), or, to be more specific, the height of
the scraping teeth (22) protruding above the outer surface of the basic cylindrical
body (10) of the roller (1) for scraping hair on the surface of felt semi-finished
products ranges from 0.3 to 2.5 mm.
9. The roller (1) according to any of Claims 1, 2, 3, 6, characterized in that the heads (23) of the scraping teeth (22) are partially ground off into the shape
of a cylindrical area (230) with its center on the axis (11) of the basic cylindrical
body (10) of the roller (1) for scraping hair on the surface of felt semi-finished
products, the cylindrical area having a radius in the range from the highest and the
lowest portion of the head (23) of the scraping tooth (22).
10. A device for scraping hair on the surface of felt semi-finished products equipped
with the roller for scraping hair on the surface of felt semi-finished products according
to any of the preceding Claims.
1. Scheibe (1) zum Ausstoßen des Haares auf der Oberfläche der filzigen Halbwaren, die
einen zylindrischen Grundkörper (10) aufweist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass auf dem Außenumfang des zylindrischen Grundkörpers (10) schräg oder senkrecht zu
seiner Oberfläche, mit seiner Achse (11) parallel laufend, oder schräg gegenüber ihr,
die Lamellen (20) gelagert sind, die auf ihrer Außenseite nebeneinander angeordnete
Auflösezähne (22) mit Spitzen (23) aufweisen, wobei die Spitzen (23) der Auflösezähne
(22) von jeder Lamelle (20) in der Richtung der Achse (11) des zylindrischen Grundkörpers
(10) in den Raum zwischen den Spitzen (23) der Auflösezähne (22) der benachbarten
Lamellen (20) verschoben sind, und die Spitzen (23) der gegenseitig nächsten Auflösezähne
(22) von jeder der drei hintereinander folgenden Lamellen (20) außerhalb der Wendel
angeordnet sind.
2. Scheibe (1) nach dem Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Spitzen (23) der Auflösezähne (22) von jeder der nachfolgenden Lamellen (20)
in der Richtung der Achse (11) des zylindrischen Grundkörpers (10) in den mittleren
Teil des Raumes zwischen den Spitzen (23) der Auflösezähne (22) verschoben sind, die
die Lamellen (20) vorangehen.
3. Scheibe (1) nach dem Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Spitzen (23) der Auflösezähne (22) von jeder der nachfolgenden Lamellen (20)
in die geometrische Mitte des Raumes zwischen die Spitzen (23) der Auflösezähne (22)
verschoben sind, die die Lamellen (20) vorangehen.
4. Scheibe (1) nach einem der Ansprüche 1, 2, 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Lamellen (20) auf dem Außenumfang des zylindrischen Grundkörpers (10) schräg
gegenüber seiner Oberfläche unter dem Winkel (α) mit der Größe 45° bis 65° zur Tangente
in der Stelle der Lagerung gelagert sind.
5. Scheibe (1) nach einem der Ansprüche 1, 2, 3, 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Lamellen (20) auf dem Außenumfang des zylindrischen Grundkörpers (10) im Abstand
(S) mit der Größe von 1,3 bis 2,5 mm gelagert sind.
6. Scheibe (1) nach dem Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Abstand (t) zwischen den Spitzen (23) der nebeneinander angeordneten Auflösezähne
(22) der jeweiligen Lamelle (20) 1 mm bis 2 mm ist.
7. Scheibe (1) nach einem der Ansprüche 1, 2, 3, 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Spitzenwinkel (β) der Auflösezähne (22), die auf der Lamelle (20) angeordnet
sind, die Größe 15° bis 60° aufweist.
8. Scheibe (1) nach einem der Ansprüche 1, 2, 3, 6, 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Höhe (v) der Auflösezähne (22), bzw. Höhe der Auflösezähne (22), die über die
äußere Oberfläche des zylindrischen Grundkörpers (10) der Scheibe (1) zum Ausstoßen
des Haares auf der Oberfläche der filzigen Halbwaren hinausragen, die Größe 0,3 bis
2,5 mm aufweist.
9. Scheibe (1) nach einem der Ansprüche 1, 2, 3, 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Spitzen (23) der Auflösezähne (22) in die Form der zylindrischen Fläche (230)
mit der Mitte in der Achse (11) des zylindrischen Grundkörpers (10) der Scheibe (1)
zum Ausstoßen des Haares auf der Oberfläche der filzigen Halbwaren mit einem Halbmesser
im Bereich zwischen dem höchsten und niedrigsten Teil der Spitze (23) des Auflösezahnes
(22) teilweise abgeschliffen sind.
10. Einrichtung zum Ausstoßen des Haares auf der Oberfläche der filzigen Halbwaren, die
eine Scheibe (1) zum Ausstoßen des Haares auf der Oberfläche der filzigen Halbwaren
nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche aufweist.
1. Disque (1) pour peigner les cheveux sur la surface des sémiproduits de feutre, qui
contient le corps cylindrique de base (10), caractérisé en ce que sur la périphérie extérieure du corps cylindrique (10) sont, en oblique ou perpendiculairement
à sa surface, parallèlement à son axe (11) ou obliquement par rapport à lui, posées
les lamelles (20) qui ont sur sa face extérieure les dents de peignage (22) disposés
côte à côte avec les sommets (23), tandis que les sommets (23) des dents de peignage
(22) de chaque lamelle (20) sont déplacés dans la direction de l'axe (11) du corps
cylindrique de base (10) dans l'espace entre les sommets (23) des dents de peignage
(22) des lamelles voisines (20), et les sommets (23) des dents de peignage (22) mutuellement
les plus proches de tous les trois lamelles succsesives (20 ) sont disposés à l'extérieur
de l'hélice.
2. Disque (1) selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que les sommets (23) des dents de peignage (22) de chacune des lamelles postérieures
(20) sont décalés dans la direction de l'axe (11) du corps cylindrique de base (10)
à la partie centrale de l'espace entre les sommets (23) des dents de peignage (22)
de la lamelle précédente (20).
3. Disque (1) selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que les sommets (23) des dents de peignage (22) de chacune des lames postérieures (20)
sont déplacés vers le centre géométrique de l'espace entre les sommets (23) des dents
de peignage (22) de la lamelle précédente (20).
4. Disque (1) selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1, 2, 3, caractérisé en ce que les lamelles (20) sont sur la circonférence extérieure du corps cylindrique de base
(10) placées de manière oblique vers la surface sous un angle (α) de 45° à 65° à la
tangente au point de dépôt.
5. Disque (1) selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1, 2, 3, 4, caractérisé en ce que les lamelles (20) sont disposées sur la circonférence extérieure du corps cylindrique
de base (10) à une certaine distance (S) dans la plage de 01/03 à 02/05 mm.
6. Disque (1) selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la distance (t) entre les sommets (23) des dents de peignage (22) disposés côte à
côte de la lamelle (20) est de 1 mm à 2 mm.
7. Disque (1) selon la revendication l'une quelconque des revendications 1, 2, 3, 6,
caractérisé en ce que l'angle au sommet (β) des dents de peignage (22) disposée sur la lamelle (20) a une
taille de 15° à 60°.
8. Disque (1) selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1, 2, 3, 6, 7, caractérisé en ce que la hauteur (v) des dents de peignage (22), respectivement la hauteur des dents de
peignage (22) faisant saillie au-dessus de la surface extérieure du corps cylindrique
de base (10) de la disque (1) pour peigner les cheveux sur la surface des sémiproduits
de feutre ont une taille de 0,3 à 2,5 mm.
9. Disque (1) selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1, 2, 3, 6, caractérisé en ce que les sommets (23) des dents de peignage (22) sont partiellement poncés pour former
la surface cylindrique (230) centrée sur l'axe (11) du corps cylindrique de base (10)
de la disque (1) pour peigner les cheveux sur la surface des sémiproduits de feutre
avec un rayon dans l'intervalle entre les parties supérieur et inférieur du sommet
(23) de la dent de peignage (22).
10. Dispositif pour peigner les cheveux sur la surface des sémiproduits de feutre équipé
de disque (1) pour peigner les cheveux sur la surface des sémiproduits de feutre selon
l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes.