BACKGROUND
1. TECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The present invention relates to an electric dust collector and an exhaust gas cleaning
system.
2. RELATED ART
[0002] An electric dust collector is used for collecting particles in exhaust gas in different
regions inside all sorts of plants, tunnels, etc. Conventionally, in an electric dust
collector of which tabular discharge electrode and tabular opposite electrode are
opposing each other, a discharge electrode has a thorn-like shaped protruding portion
at its edge portion just like saw teeth (for example, see Patent Document 1). The
discharge electrode generates corona discharges between the thorn-like shaped protruding
portions and the opposite electrode, and charges particles by the corona discharge.
A dust collecting electrode is to collect the charged particles by Coulomb's force
(for example, see Patent Document 1).
[Prior Art Document]
[Patent Document]
[0003] Patent Document 1: Japanese Patent No.
2971461.
[0004] Corona discharges are generated between a thorn-like shaped protruding portion of
a discharge electrode and an opposite electrode. Therefore, if an electric dust collector
is operated over a long period of time, corrosion of the opposite electrode may progress
at a particular spot of the opposite electrode whereto the thorn-like shaped protruding
portion correspond.
SUMMARY
[0005] (General Disclosure of the Invention) An Electric dust collector may include a first
electrode plate and a second electrode plate. The second electrode plate may be provided
opposite to the first electrode plate. An edge portion of the second electrode plate
may be positioned on the inner side relative to an edge portion of the first electrode
plate. The edge portion of the second electrode plate may not have a protruding portion.
[0006] The second electrode plate may be in a flat plate shape. The second electrode plate
may have a curvature radius which is equal to or longer than a gap between the first
electrode plate and the second electrode plate in its entire region.
[0007] The second electrode plate may be in a flat plate shape including a straight line
portion, and a corner portion having a curvature radius.
[0008] The second electrode plate may be in a disk shape.
[0009] The second electrode plate may have one or more through-opening portions.
[0010] The one or more through-opening portions may include a plurality of separate through-opening
portions.
[0011] The one or more through-opening portions may have a middle opening portion and a
peripheral opening portion. The middle opening portion may be the largest opening
portion. The peripheral opening portion may have an opening area smaller than that
of the middle opening portion. The peripheral opening portion may be disposed around
the middle opening portion.
[0012] The second electrode plate may have one or more through-opening portions. At least
one among the one or more through-opening portions may have an edge portion that protrudes
toward the first electrode plate.
[0013] It may have a plurality of through-opening portions having an edge portion that protrudes
toward the first electrode plate. The protruding length of the edge portion may be
different between an upstream side and a downstream side of gas introduced into the
electric dust collector.
[0014] The protruding length of the edge portions may be longer on the upstream side than
that on the downstream side.
[0015] A plurality of first units having the first electrode plates and the second electrode
plates may be layered.
[0016] Gap length between the first electrode plate and the second electrode plate of the
first unit located at an edge portion in a layered direction of the plurality of layered
first units may be greater than gap length between the first electrode plate and the
second electrode plate of the first unit located at a center portion in the layered
direction of the plurality of layered first units.
[0017] The electric dust collector may further include a second unit. The second unit may
have a third electrode plate and a fourth electrode plate. The fourth electrode plate
may be provided opposite to the third electrode plate. An edge portion of the fourth
electrode plate may be positioned on the inner side relative to an edge portion of
the third electrode plate. An edge portion of the fourth electrode plate may have
a protruding portion. The second unit may be provided at at least both edge portions
in a layered direction of a plurality of layered first units.
[0018] An exhaust gas cleaning system may include a scrubber and the above-mentioned electric
dust collector. The scrubber may clean exhaust gas. The electric dust collector may
be provided upstream from the scrubber.
[0019] Note that, the summary clause mentioned above shall not necessarily describe all
necessary features of embodiments of the present invention. The present invention
may also be a sub-combination of the features described above.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0020] FIG.1 is a perspective view illustrating a configuration of an electric dust collector
200 of a first embodiment.
FIG.2 is a cross-sectional view illustrating the configuration of the electric dust
collector 200 of the first embodiment.
FIG.3 is a top view of the A-A' section of FIG.2.
FIG.4 is a drawing illustrating the shape of a discharge electrode 100 of a second
embodiment.
FIG.5 is a drawing illustrating the shape of a discharge electrode 100 of a third
embodiment.
FIG. 6 is a drawing illustrating the shape of a discharge electrode 100 of a fourth
embodiment.
FIG.7 is a drawing illustrating the shape of a discharge electrode 100 of a fifth
embodiment.
FIG.8 is a drawing illustrating the shape of a discharge electrode 100 of a sixth
embodiment.
FIG.9 is a drawing illustrating the shape of a discharge electrode 100 of a seventh
embodiment.
FIG.10 is a drawing illustrating the shape of a discharge electrode 100 of an eighth
embodiment.
FIG.11 is a cross-sectional view of the discharge electrodes 100 of the eighth embodiment
seen from a lateral direction.
FIG.12 is a drawing illustrating the shape of a discharge electrode 100 of a ninth
embodiment.
FIG. 13 is a cross-sectional view of the discharge electrodes 100 of the ninth embodiment
seen from a lateral direction.
FIG.14 is a perspective view illustrating a configuration of an electric dust collector
200 of a tenth embodiment.
FIG.15 is a perspective view illustrating a configuration of an electric dust collector
200 of an eleventh embodiment.
FIG.16 is a perspective view illustrating a configuration of an electric dust collector
200 of a twelfth embodiment.
FIG. 17 is a perspective view illustrating a configuration of the electric dust collector
200 of a thirteenth embodiment.
FIG.18 is a schematic diagram illustrating an overview of an exhaust gas cleaning
system 400.
DESCRIPTION OF EXEMPLARY EMBODIMENTS
[0021] Hereinafter, the present invention is described through the embodiments of the invention.
However, the following embodiments shall not limit the claimed invention that follows.
In addition, not all the combinations of features described in the embodiments are
necessarily essential to means provided by aspects of the invention.
[0022] In the present specification, technical matters are described using orthogonal coordinate
axes of X-axis, Y-axis and Z-axis. The orthogonal coordinate axes are only to specify
relative positions of components, and shall not limit them to specific directions.
For example, the Z-axis shall not exclusively indicate a height direction relative
to the ground. Note that, a positive Z-axis direction and a negative Z-axis direction
are directions opposite to each other. If the Z-axis direction is referred to without
specifying whether it is positive or negative, it means a direction parallel to the
positive Z-axis and the negative Z-axis. Also, in the present specification, "a straight
line" is to have an infinite curvature radius.
[0023] FIG. 1 is a perspective view illustrating a configuration of an electric dust collector
200 of a first embodiment. The electric dust collector 200 collects particles in exhaust
gas. The particles are soot, dust, or the like. The electric dust collector 200 has
an opposite electrode 10-1 and a discharge electrode 100. The opposite electrode 10-1
as a first electrode plate is an electrode plate at GND potential, and also referred
to as a GND electrode. The discharge electrode 100 as a second electrode plate is
an electrode plate at high potential. The discharge electrode 100 is provided opposite
to the opposite electrode 10-1.
[0024] In addition to the opposite electrode 10-1 and the discharge electrode 100, the electric
dust collector 200 of the present example has an opposite electrode 10-2. The opposite
electrode 10-1 and the opposite electrode 10-2 are disposed such that the discharge
electrode 100 is sandwiched therebetween. This allows corona discharges 2 to be caused
at edge portions 102 on both sides of one discharge electrode 100. Note that, unlike
the present example, the electric dust collector 200 may be configured only with the
opposite electrode 10-1 and the discharge electrode 100.
[0025] The opposite electrode 10-1, the discharge electrode 100, and the opposite electrode
10-2 may be layered in the Z-direction such that a gap length between the discharge
electrode 100 and the opposite electrode 10-1 in the Z-direction and a gap length
between the discharge electrode 100 and the opposite electrode 10-2 in the Z-direction
become equal. The opposite electrode 10-1, the opposite electrode 10-2, and the discharge
electrode 100 may be disposed parallel to the X-Y plane.
[0026] The opposite electrode 10-1 and the opposite electrode 10-2 (hereinafter, they may
be referred to as an opposite electrode 10) and the discharge electrode 100 are in
a flat plate shape. The thickness of the opposite electrode 10 and the discharge electrode
100 may be between 1 mm and 2 mm inclusive. The plate area of the opposite electrode
10 and the discharge electrode 100 may be between 0.3 m
2 and 3 m
2 inclusive. For example, the opposite electrode 10 and the discharge electrode 100
are flat plates with the size of approximately 1m × 1m. Note that, the area of the
discharge electrode 100 is smaller than the area of the opposite electrode 10. Material
for the opposite electrode 10 and the discharge electrode 100 may be stainless steel
material such as SUS304 of JIS standard.
[0027] The opposite electrode 10 of the present example is a rectangle. The opposite electrode
10 of the present example has an edge portion 12. The edge portion 12 includes four
sides 14 of the rectangle. The "edge portion" means an edge portion in the direction
parallel to the X-Y plane. Note that, unlike the present example, the opposite electrode
10 may be in any shape such as a polygon, a circle, an oval, or the like. The discharge
electrode 100 of the present example is in a shape that can be approximated by a rectangle.
The discharge electrode 100 has edge portions 102. The edge portions 102 of the discharge
electrode 100 are positioned on the inner side relative to the edge portion 12 of
the opposite electrode 10. As shown in FIG. 1, the edge portions 102 of the discharge
electrode 100 do not include a protruding portion in a thorn-like shape or the like.
[0028] A negative high voltage is applied to the discharge electrode 100 of the present
example by a DC power source 20. The opposite electrode 10 is grounded. This forms
a high electric field region between the discharge electrode 100 and the opposite
electrode 10.
[0029] Unlike the present example, if the discharge electrode 100 includes protruding portions
in a thorn-like shape or the like, positions at which corona discharges 2 are generated
are prone to be fixed to a position directly under or directly above the protruding
portions. If the electric dust collector 200 is operated over a long period of time,
particles such as dust are prone to be locally accumulated on the opposite electrode
10 at positions directly under or directly above the protruding portions of the discharge
electrode 100. Accumulation of particles shortens the gap length between the discharge
electrode 100 and the opposite electrode 10. As a result, portions where the gap length
is shortened will have a higher electric field than that at other portions, and an
electric field necessary for transition to a spark (a spark discharge) is prone to
be exceeded thereat. If a spark is generated, the opposite electrode 10 may prone
to corrade.
[0030] Also, when charged particles are attracted to the opposite electrode 10 having different
potential and are accumulated thereon, a back-discharge is caused. If a position at
which a corona discharge 2 is generated is fixed and charged particles are locally
accumulated at a certain position, a back-discharge is generated at that certain position.
If the back-discharge is steadily generated at the certain position, the opposite
electrode 10 may be partially damaged. To restrain such state, it is necessary to
regularly wash the discharge electrode 100 and the opposite electrode 10 to remove
particles, which increases a burden on maintenance.
[0031] On the other hand, according to the present example, because the discharge electrode
100 does not have protruding portions, positions at which corona discharges 2 are
generated are not to be fixed to particular spots. Thus, corona discharges 2 can be
caused throughout linear areas which correspond to the sides of the edge portions
102 of the discharge electrode 100. Even if corona discharges 2 are formed at spots,
the spots of corona discharges 2 are not fixed to one location, but can move on the
linear area. Thereby, corrosion of the opposite electrode 10 can be prevented from
progressing locally. Also, even if the electric dust collector 200 is operated over
a long period of time, particles such as dust can be restrained from locally accumulated
on the discharge electrode 100 and the opposite electrode 10. As a result, because
the gap length between the discharge electrode 100 and the opposite electrode 10 can
be prevented from changing due to the accumulation of particles, it is possible to
restrain generation of spark. In addition, because particles are no longer to be locally
accumulated, it is possible to reduce influence of the back-discharge.
[0032] FIG.2 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a configuration of the electric dust
collector 200 of the first embodiment. A corona discharge 2 negatively charges particles
in exhaust gas between the discharge electrode 100 and the opposite electrode 10.
The negatively charged particles are collected at the opposite electrode 10 by Coulomb's
force.
[0033] FIG.3 illustrates a top view of the A-A' section of FIG.2. The discharge electrode
100 includes straight line portions 104 and corner portions 106 as edge portions 102.
A phrase "If the edge portion 102 of the discharge electrode 100 does not have a protruding
portion" covers a situation where the shape of the edge portion 102 of the discharge
electrode 100 can be approximated by a polygon such as a quadrangle, a pentagon, or
a hexagon. The edge portions 102 of the discharge electrode 100 may be in a shape
made by connecting a straight line portion 104 that corresponds to a side of a polygon
and a corner portion 106 of which vertex portion is rounded into a curve. The corner
portions 106 have a curvature radius which is equal to or longer than a gap length
d between the opposite electrode 10 and the discharge electrode 100. The discharge
electrode 100 of the present example has in its entire region a curvature radius which
is equal to or longer than the gap length d.
[0034] All of the corner portions 106 of the discharge electrode 100 may be in a shape that
is approximated by a circular-arc Rogowski electrode shape. This can make electric
field concentration at corner portions 106 relaxed. The Rogowski electrode is an electrode
that forms a quasi-uniform electric field of which electric field magnitude is approximately
uniform between the corner portions 106 and the straight line portions 104. According
to the discharge electrode 100 of the present example, a quasi-uniform electric field
can be formed by relaxing edge portion effect (edge effect) of a parallel plate electrode,
and thus it is possible to prevent corona discharges 2 from being concentrated at
one location of the corner portions 106 of the discharge electrode 100.
[0035] FIG.4 is a drawing illustrating the shape of a discharge electrode 100 of a second
embodiment. Similar to FIG. 3, it illustrates a top view of the A-A' section of FIG.
2. An electric dust collector 200 of the second embodiment is the same as the electric
dust collector 200 of the first embodiment, except for the shape of the discharge
electrode 100. Thus, repetition of explanation about the other configurations is omitted,
and the same reference numerals are used to describe the same members. The discharge
electrode 100 of the present example is a rectangle. Corner portions 106 are not round
chamfered. Thus, a process of manufacturing the discharge electrode 100 can be simplified.
[0036] In the present example also, edge portions 102 of the discharge electrode 100 do
not have protruding portions. In the present example, it is not essential for the
edge portions 102 of the discharge electrode 100 to have a curvature radius which
is equal to or longer than the gap length d in its entire region. According to the
discharge electrode 100 of the present example also, a phenomenon in which a position
at which a corona discharge 2 is generated to be fixed can be reduced in comparison
with a situation where the discharge electrode 100 has a protruding portion in a thorn-like
shape or the like. Note that, unlike the present example, the shape of the discharge
electrode 100 may be a convex polygon such as a pentagon, a hexagon, or the like which
are not round chamfered.
[0037] FIG. 5 is a drawing illustrating the shape of a discharge electrode 100 of a third
embodiment. Similar to FIG. 3, it illustrates a top view of the A-A' section of FIG.
2. An electric dust collector 200 of the third embodiment is the same as the electric
dust collectors 200 of the first and second embodiments, except for the shape of the
discharge electrode 100. Thus, repetition of explanation about the other configurations
is omitted, and the same reference numerals are used to describe the same members.
[0038] The discharge electrode 100 of the present example is in a disk shape. That is, an
edge portion 102 of the discharge electrode 100 is a circle. A phrase "If the edge
portion 102 of the discharge electrode 100 does not have a protruding portion" covers
a situation where the edge portion 102 of the discharge electrode 100 is formed by
a closed curve such as a circle or an oval. In the present example, the radius of
the discharge electrode 100 is greater than the gap length d between the opposite
electrode 10 and the discharge electrode 100 in the Z-direction. Thus, the discharge
electrode 100 has a curvature radius which is equal to or longer than the gap length
d in its entire region.
[0039] According to the present example, the edge portion 102 of the discharge electrode
100 is formed by a curve with a uniform curvature radius. Thus, the electric field
to be caused is substantially the same regardless of its position at the edge portion
102. Thus, corona discharge 2 can be caused evenly throughout the edge portions 102
of the discharge electrode 100 without being influenced by the corner portions 106.
Even if corona discharges 2 are formed at spots, the spots for corona discharges 2
are not fixed to one location, but can move along the circular shaped edge portion
102 randomly. Thus, generation of spark can be restrained, and corrosion of the discharge
electrode 100 can be delayed.
[0040] FIG.6 is a drawing illustrating the shape of a discharge electrode 100 of a fourth
embodiment. Similar to FIG. 3, it illustrates a top view of the A-A' section of FIG.
2. An electric dust collector 200 of the fourth embodiment is the same as the electric
dust collector 200 of the first embodiment, except that its discharge electrode 100
has a through-opening portion 110. Thus, repetition of explanation about the other
configurations is omitted, and the same reference numerals are used to describe the
same members.
[0041] Edge portions 112 of the through-opening portion 110 may be in a shape of a polygon
of which vertex portions are round chamfered. An edge portion 112 includes linear
edge portion 114 that corresponds to four sides of a rectangle shape and a corner
edge portion 116 of which vertex portion is rounded into a curve. Corner edge portions
116 have a curvature radius which is equal to or longer than the gap length d between
the opposite electrode 10 and the discharge electrode 100. Thus, the discharge electrode
100 of the present example has in its entire region a curvature radius which is equal
to or longer than the gap length d that encompasses not only the edge portions 102
but also the middle region including the edge portion 112 of the through-opening portion
110.
[0042] In the present example, if a high electric field region is formed between the discharge
electrode 100 and the opposite electrode 10, corona discharges 2 can be generated
not only at the edge portions 102 of the discharge electrode 100 but also at the edge
portion 112 of the through-opening portion 110. Thus, by using the discharge electrode
100 having the through-opening portion 110, the number of locations for a corona discharge
2 to be generated can be increased as compared with a situation in which a discharge
electrode 100 that does not have a through-opening portion 110 is used. Therefore,
in the present example, it is possible to improve dust collection quantity per area
of electric dust collector 200 (dust collection efficiency), as compared with that
of the first to the third embodiments.
[0043] In FIG. 6, a situation where both the edge portions 102 of the discharge electrode
100 and the edge portions 112 of the through-opening portion 110 are in a shape of
a polygon of which vertex portions are round chamfered is illustrated. However, the
discharge electrode 100 of the present example is not limited to this situation and
thus it may have a through-opening portion 110 having a different shape from the shape
of the edge portions 102 of the discharge electrode 100.
[0044] FIG.7 is a drawing illustrating the shape of a discharge electrode 100 of a fifth
embodiment. Similar to FIG. 3, it illustrates a top view of the A-A' section of FIG.
2. An electric dust collector 200 of the fifth embodiment is the same as the electric
dust collector 200 of the third embodiment, except that its discharge electrode 100
has a through-opening portion 110. Thus, repetition of explanation about the other
configurations is omitted, and the same reference numerals are used to describe the
same members.
[0045] In the present example, the edge portion 112 of the through-opening portion 110 is
a circle. Unlike the present example, the edge portion 112 of the through-opening
portion 110 may be in an oval shape or in another shape. In the present example, by
using the discharge electrode 100 having the through-opening portion 110, it is possible
to increase the number of locations for a corona discharge 2 to be generated as compared
with a situation in which a discharge electrode 100 that does not have a through-opening
portion 110 is used.
[0046] FIG. 8 is a drawing illustrating the shape of a discharge electrode 100 of a sixth
embodiment. Similar to FIG. 3, it illustrates a top view of the A-A' section of FIG.
2. An electric dust collector 200 of the sixth embodiment is the same as the electric
dust collector 200 of the fifth embodiment, except that the shape of the discharge
electrode 100 and the shape of its through-opening portion 110 are different. Thus,
repetition of explanation about the other configurations is omitted, and the same
reference numerals are used to describe the same members.
[0047] The discharge electrode 100 of the present example has a plurality of annular portions
that is concentrically disposed. Specifically, the discharge electrode 100 has a first
annular portion 101, and a second annular portion 103 that is disposed on the inner
side of the first annular portion 101. A first opening portion 111 which is a annular
shaped through-opening, is provided between the first annular portion 101 and the
second annular portion 103. A second opening portion 113 which is a circular shaped
through-opening, is provided on the inner side of the second annular portion 103.
In other words, the discharge electrode 100 of the present example has the first opening
portion 111 and the second opening portion 113 as a plurality of separate through-opening
portions 110.
[0048] The edge portion 102 of the first annular portion 101 of the present example corresponds
to the outer circumference of the first annular portion 101 and constitutes the edge
portion 102 of the discharge electrode 100. The outer circumference of the first annular
portion 101 has a radius which is equal to or longer than the gap length d. First
edge portion 115 which is an edge portion of the first opening portion 111, corresponds
to the inner circumference of the first annular portion 101 and the outer circumference
of the second annular portion 103. The inner circumference of the first annular portion
101 and the outer circumference of the second annular portion 103 have a radius which
is equal to or longer than the gap length d. The second edge portion 117 which is
an edge portion of the second opening portion 113, corresponds to the inner circumference
of the second annular portion 103. The inner circumference of the second annular portion
103 also has a radius which is equal to or longer than the gap length d. Thus, the
discharge electrode 100 of the present example also has in its entire region a curvature
radius which is equal to or longer than the gap length d that encompasses not only
the edge portion 102 but also its central region.
[0049] The discharge electrode 100 of the present example includes a plurality of separate
through-opening portions 110. This makes it possible to increase the number of locations
for a corona discharge 2 to be generated as compared with a situation in which there
is one through-opening portion 110.
[0050] FIG. 9 is a drawing illustrating the shape of a discharge electrode 100 of a seventh
embodiment. Similar to FIG. 3, it illustrates a top view of the A-A' section of FIG.
2. The electric dust collector 200 of the seventh embodiment is the same as the electric
dust collector 200 of the fourth embodiment, except that the shape of the discharge
electrode 100 and the shape and number of its through-opening portion 110 are different.
Thus, repetition of explanation about the other configurations is omitted, and the
same reference numerals are used to describe the same members.
[0051] The discharge electrode 100 of the present example has a plurality of separate through-opening
portions 110. The through-opening portions 110 may include a middle opening portion
140 and a plurality of peripheral opening portions 146. In the present example, it
includes one middle opening portion 140 and four peripheral opening portions 146.
The middle opening portion 140 has the largest opening area among the plurality of
through-opening portions 110. Respective peripheral opening portions 146 have respective
opening areas smaller than that of the middle opening portion 140. Respective peripheral
opening portions 146 are disposed around the middle opening portion 140.
[0052] In the present example, a middle edge portion 122 which is the edge portion of the
middle opening portion 140, is in a circle shape. A peripheral edge portion 123 which
is the edge portion of the peripheral opening portion 146, is in a polygon shape of
which vertex portions are rounded. However, the shapes of the middle edge portion
122 and the peripheral edge portion 123 are not limited to this case. The discharge
electrode 100 has in its entire region a curvature radius which is equal to or longer
than the gap length d that encompasses not only the edge portions 102 but also the
middle edge portion 122 and the peripheral edge portion 123.
[0053] Generally, electric fields are concentrated at the edge portions 102 of the discharge
electrode 100. Electric fields are not likely to be concentrated at the middle portion
on the inner side of the discharge electrode 100. Thus, the middle portion on the
inner side of the discharge electrode 100 has a wide region where a high electric
field is not formed. However, according to the discharge electrode 100 of the present
example, the middle opening portion 140 on the inner side of the discharge electrode
100 is larger than the peripheral opening portions 146. This causes electric field
strength to become high at the middle edge portion 122 that is the edge portion of
the middle opening portion 140, and thus it is possible for corona discharges 2 to
be also generated at the middle portion of the discharge electrode 100.
[0054] FIG.10 is a drawing illustrating the shape of a discharge electrode 100 of an eighth
embodiment. Similar to FIG. 3, it illustrates a top view of the A-A' section of FIG.
2. The electric dust collector 200 of the eighth embodiment is the same as the electric
dust collector 200 of the fourth embodiment, except that the shape and number of its
through-opening portion 110 and protrusion of its edge portion 112 of the through-opening
portion 110 are different. Thus, repetition of explanation about the other configurations
is omitted, and the same reference numerals are used to describe the same members.
[0055] The discharge electrode 100 of the present example has four through-opening portions
110 that are arrayed in 2 rows and 2 columns on the X-Y plane. However, the number
of the through-opening portions 110 is not limited to this case and may be different
from that of the present example. The discharge electrode 100 of the present example
has in its entire region a curvature radius which is equal to or longer than the gap
length d that encompasses not only the edge portions 102 of the discharge electrode
100 but also the edge portion 112 of the through-opening portion 110.
[0056] FIG.11 is a cross-sectional view of the discharge electrodes 100 of the eighth embodiment
seen from a lateral direction. Specifically, FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view illustrating
the B-B' section of FIG. 10. A through-opening portion 110 of the discharge electrode
100 of the present example has an edge portion 112 that protrudes toward the opposite
electrode 10. The protruding length of the edge portion 112 is q.
[0057] In the present example, the edge portion 112 of a plurality of through-opening portions
110 protrude. However, unlike the present example, at least one among the plurality
of the through-opening portions 110 may have an edge portion 112 that protrudes toward
the opposite electrode 10. Also, it may have one through-opening portion 110, and
the one through-opening portion 110 may have an edge portion 112 that protrudes toward
the opposite electrode 10. The discharge electrode 100 may be formed by machine work
such as press work to cause the edge portion 112 of the through-opening portion 110
to protrude. According to the discharge electrode 100 of the present example, it is
possible for corona discharges 2 to be easily generated, as compared with a situation
in which an edge portion 112 that does not protrude is used.
[0058] FIG. 12 is a drawing illustrating the shape of a discharge electrode 100 of a ninth
embodiment. Similar to FIG. 3, it illustrates a top view of the A-A' section of FIG.
2. The electric dust collector 200 of the ninth embodiment is the same as the electric
dust collector 200 of the eighth embodiment, except that the protruding length of
its edge portions 112 of through-opening portions 110 differ according to their positions
in the X-direction, and vertex portions of the edge portions 112 of the through-opening
portions 110 are not round chamfered. Note that, the vertex portions of the edge portions
112 of the through-opening portions 110 may be round chamfered. Thus, repetition of
explanation about the other configurations is omitted, and the same reference numerals
are used to describe the same members. The discharge electrode 100 of the present
example has a total of nine through-opening portions 110 that are arrayed in 3 rows
and 3 columns on the X-Y plane. However, the number of the through-opening portions
110 is not limited to this case and may be different from that of the present example.
[0059] FIG. 13 is a cross-sectional view of the discharge electrode 100 of the ninth embodiment
seen from a lateral direction. Specifically, FIG. 13 is a cross-sectional view illustrating
the C-C' section of FIG. 12. Exhaust gas introduced into an electric dust collector
200 flows in the X-direction. The discharge electrode 100 of the present example has
a plurality of through-opening portions 100 having the edge portions 112 that protrude
toward the opposite electrode 10. In the discharge electrode 100 of the present example,
the protruding length of the edge portions 112 of the through-opening portions 110
is different between the upstream side and the downstream side of the exhaust gas.
This can change likelihood of corona discharges 2 to be generated between upstream
and downstream of the exhaust gas.
[0060] In the present example, the through-opening portions 110 are disposed in 3 rows along
the X-direction. The protruding length of the edge portions 112 of the through-opening
portions 110 is q1 on the upstream side, q2 on the midstream side, and q3 on the downstream
side. As shown in FIG. 13, q1 is the longest, q3 is the shortest, and q2 is the length
between q1 and q3. That is, the protruding length of the edge portions 112 is longer
on the upstream side than on the downstream side.
[0061] By making the protruding length of the edge portion 112 longer on the upstream side
than on the downstream side, it is possible to make corona discharges 2 more likely
to be generated on the upstream side than on the downstream side. This can make dust
collection easier in an upstream side region than in a downstream side region. Concentration
of particles included in exhaust gas is the highest in the upstream side region, and
gets lower as the exhaust gas progresses to the downstream side region. Thus, according
to the present example, dust can be collected efficiently on the upstream side where
the concentration of particles is higher than that of the downstream side.
[0062] However, unlike the present example, the protruding length of the edge portion 112
of the through-opening portion 110 can enhance dust collection capability on downstream
side if it is longer on the downstream side than that on the upstream side. This can
prevent the particles from being rapidly accumulated on the upstream side, and thus
uneven accumulation of particles between the upstream side and the downstream side
can be reduced. Thus, it is possible to suppress increase of a maintenance burden
on removal of particles.
[0063] FIG.14 is a perspective view illustrating a configuration of an electric dust collector
200 of a tenth embodiment. The electric dust collector 200 of the present example
has a configuration in which a plurality of first units 210 having opposite electrodes
10 and discharge electrodes 100 is layered. In other words, the electric dust collector
200 of the present example has redundancy from top to bottom. One first unit 210 is
configured with one opposite electrode 10 and one discharge electrode 100. In the
present example, a gap length between adjacent electrodes may all be the same.
[0064] In the present example, one first unit 210 is configured with an opposite electrode
10-1 and a discharge electrode 100-1. Similarly, one first unit 210 is configured
with an opposite electrode 10-2 and a discharge electrode 100-2. One first unit 210
is configured with an opposite electrode 10-3 and a discharge electrode 100-3. In
the present example, three first units 210 are layered in the Z-direction. Note that,
the number of layers of the first unit 210 is not limited to this case and the number
of layers may be more than three.
[0065] In the present example, a single opposite electrode 10-4 is disposed opposed to the
discharge electrode 100-3 that is positioned at the upper edge portion in the layered
direction among the discharge electrode 100-1, discharge electrode 100-2, and discharge
electrode 100-3. The single opposite electrode 10-4 may be omitted.
[0066] The opposite electrode 10-1 to the opposite electrode 10-4 (may be referred to as
an opposite electrode 10) may be the opposite electrodes 10 described in the first
to the ninth embodiments mentioned above. The discharge electrode 100-1 to the discharge
electrode 100-3 (hereinafter, they may be referred to as a discharge electrode 100)
may be the discharge electrodes 100 described in the first to the ninth embodiments
mentioned above. Thus, description of the opposite electrode 10 and the discharge
electrode 100 is omitted.
[0067] According to the present example, because the plurality of first units 210 is layered,
dust collection efficiency can be improved as compared with a situation in which there
is one unit. Even if the plurality of first units is layered, each discharge electrode
100 that configures the first unit 210 does not have a protruding portion in a thorn-like
shape or the like. Thus, it is possible to prevent a position at which corona discharges
2 is generated is to be fixed.
[0068] FIG. 15 is a perspective view illustrating a configuration of an electric dust collector
200 of an eleventh embodiment. A configuration of the electric dust collector 200
of the present example is the same as the configuration of the electric dust collector
200 of the tenth embodiment, except that the gap length between an opposite electrode
10 and a discharge electrode 100 of the electric dust collector 200 of the present
example differ according to a layered direction position of a first unit 210. Thus,
repetition of explanation about the other configurations is omitted, and the same
reference numerals are used to describe the same members.
[0069] In the present example, the layered direction of the first unit 210 is the Z-direction.
A discharge electrode 100-3 is positioned at the upper edge portion in the Z-direction
among a discharge electrode 100-1 to the discharge electrode 100-3. The discharge
electrode 100-3 and an opposite electrode 10-3 form a pair. The opposite electrode
10-3 and the discharge electrode 100-3 configure the first unit 210. In the present
example, a gap length d2 between the opposite electrode 10-3 and the discharge electrode
100-3 means the gap length between the opposite electrode 10-3 and the discharge electrode
100-3 at the upper edge portion in the Z-direction.
[0070] On the other hand, a gap length d1 between an opposite electrode 10-2 and a discharge
electrode 100-2 means the gap length between the opposite electrode 10-3 and the discharge
electrode 100-3 at the center portion in the Z-direction. In the present example,
the gap length d2 between the opposite electrode 10-3 and the discharge electrode
100-3 is greater than the gap length d1 between the opposite electrode 10-2 and the
discharge electrode 100-2.
[0071] In the present example, a discharge electrode 100-1 is positioned at the lower edge
portion in the Z-direction among the discharge electrode 100-1 to the discharge electrode
100-3. The gap length between the opposite electrode 10-1 and the discharge electrode
100-1 of the first unit located at the lower edge portion in the layered direction
of the plurality of layered first units 210 may also be d2. Thus, in the present example,
the gap length d2 at the upper edge portion and the lower edge portion in the Z-direction
is greater than the gap length d1 at the center portion in the Z-direction. However,
unlike the present example, the gap length of the edge portion of one of the upper
edge portion and the lower edge portion in the Z-direction may be greater than that
of the center portion.
[0072] In the present example, respective gap length between the discharge electrode 100
and its two adjacent opposite electrodes 10 is equal. Specifically, the gap length
between the discharge electrode 100-1 and the opposite electrode 10-1 is equal to
the gap length between the discharge electrode 100-1 and the opposite electrode 10-2,
and is d2. The gap length between the discharge electrode 100-2 and the opposite electrode
10-2 is equal to the gap length between the discharge electrode 100-2 and the opposite
electrode 10-3, and is d1. The gap length between the discharge electrode 100-3 and
the opposite electrode 10-3 is equal to the gap length between the discharge electrode
100-3 and the opposite electrode 10-4, and is d2.
[0073] However, unlike the present example, respective gap length between the discharge
electrode 100 and its two adjacent opposite electrodes 10 may also be different from
each other. Specifically, between the two adjacent opposite electrodes 10, the opposite
electrode 10 on the side closer to the edge portion in the Z-direction may have greater
gap length between itself and the discharge electrode 100, as compared with the gap
length between the other opposite electrode 10 and the discharge electrode 100.
[0074] From the viewpoint of making the gap length greater on the side closer to the lower
edge portion in the Z-direction than the gap length at the center portion, the gap
length between the discharge electrode 100-1 and the opposite electrode 10-1 may be
greater than the gap length between the discharge electrode 100-1 and the opposite
electrode 10-2. From the viewpoint of making the gap length greater on the side closer
to the upper edge portion in the Z-direction than the gap length at the center portion,
the gap length between the discharge electrode 100-3 and the opposite electrode 10-4
may be greater than the gap length between the discharge electrode 100-3 and the opposite
electrode 10-3.
[0075] In the present example, a situation where three first units 210 are layered is described.
However, unlike the present example, more than three first units 210 may also be layered.
In this case, the gap length between the opposite electrode 10 and the discharge electrode
100 may gradually get longer toward the upper edge portion and the lower edge portion
from the center portion in the Z-direction.
[0076] If a plurality of first units 210 is layered to configure layered structure, exhaust
gas does not flow easily at an edge portion of the first unit 210 in the layered direction.
However, in the electric dust collector 200 of the present example, by making the
gap length wider at an edge portion of the first unit 210 in the layered direction,
dust can be collected easier.
[0077] FIG. 16 is a perspective view illustrating a configuration of an electric dust collector
200 of a twelfth embodiment. The electric dust collector 200 of the present example
has a second unit 220 provided at at least both edge portions in the Z-direction.
Except this point, a configuration of the electric dust collector 200 of the present
example is the same as the configuration of the electric dust collector 200 of the
tenth embodiment. Thus, repetition of explanation about the other configurations is
omitted, and the same reference numerals are used to describe the same members.
[0078] In the present example, a plurality of first units 210 is layered at the center portion
in the Z-direction. In the present example, two first units 210 are layered. However,
unlike the present example, more than two first units 210 may be layered. Structure
of the first unit 210 is the same as that of the tenth embodiment. On the other hand,
second units 220 are provided at at least both edge portions in the Z-direction.
[0079] At the lower edge portion in the Z-direction, the second unit 220 has an edge portion
counter electrode 190-1 and a protruding type discharge electrode 180-1. The edge
portion counter electrode 190-1 as a third electrode plate is an electrode plate having
GND potential, and also referred to as a GND electrode. The protruding type discharge
electrode 180-1 as a fourth electrode plate is an electrode plate having high potential.
The protruding type discharge electrode 180-1 is provided opposite to the edge portion
counter electrode 190-1. The protruding type discharge electrode 180-1 and the edge
portion counter electrode 190-1 may be disposed parallel to the X-Y plane.
[0080] An edge portion 182 of the protruding type discharge electrode 180-1 is positioned
on the inner side relative to an edge portion 192 of the edge portion counter electrode
190-1. The edge portion 182 means an edge portion in the direction parallel to the
X-Y plane. A negative high voltage is applied to the protruding type discharge electrode
180-1 of the present example by a DC power source 20. The edge portion counter electrode
190-1 is grounded.
[0081] As shown in FIG. 16, an edge portion 182 of the protruding type discharge electrode
180-1 has a protruding portion 184. A projected shape of the protruding portion 184
in the X-Y plane may be a triangle shape. The protruding portion 184 of the present
example is in a thorn-like shape or in a saw tooth shape. A plurality of protruding
portions 184 is provided along the edge portion 182. The protruding portion 184 may
have protrusion length of approximately between 1 mm and 5 mm inclusive. A pitch is
defined such that between 3 and 5 protruding portions 184 inclusive are to be provided
per one centimeter. In the edge portion 182 of the protruding type discharge electrode
180-1, the protruding portion 184 may be provided along all of its sides, or the protruding
portion 184 may be provide along its specific sides only.
[0082] At the upper edge portion in the Z-direction, the second unit 220 has an edge portion
counter electrode 190-2 and a protruding type discharge electrode 180-2. The edge
portion counter electrode 190-2 is the third electrode plate, and the protruding type
discharge electrode 180-2 is the fourth electrode plate. A configuration and an applied
voltage of the second unit 220 at the upper edge portion in the Z-direction may be
similar to those of the second unit 220 disposed at the lower edge portion.
[0083] In the present example, one second unit 220 is provided to both edge portions in
the Z-direction. However, unlike the present example, a plurality of second units
220 may be provided to the upper edge portion and the lower edge portion in the Z-direction
respectively. Note that, the first unit 210 is layered at the middle portion in the
layered direction. It is desirable for the number of layers of the second units 220
not to exceed the number of layers of the first unit 210.
[0084] If a plurality of units is layered to configure layered structure, because exhaust
gas does not flow easily at an edge portion of the units in a lamination direction,
quantity of accumulation such as particles, is less as compared with that of the middle
portion in the layered structure. Thus, at an edge portion in the lamination direction,
the possibility of occurrence of generation of spark that results from the accumulation
is lower than that of the middle portion in the layered structure, even if the protruding
type discharge electrode 180 having a thorn-like shaped protruding portion 184 of
a conventional type is used. Therefore, it is possible to positively decrease generation
of spark while using the protruding type discharge electrode 180 having the thorn-like
shaped protruding portion 184 of a conventional type in at least both edge portions
in a layered direction, and layering the first units 210 without the thorn-like shaped
protruding portion 184 at the middle portion in the layered direction.
[0085] FIG. 17 is a drawing illustrating a configuration of an electric dust collector 200
of a thirteenth embodiment. An electric dust collector 200 of the thirteenth embodiment
is the same as the electric dust collectors 200 of the first to the twelfth embodiments,
except that a positive high voltage is applied to the discharge electrode 100 by a
DC power source 20. In the first to the twelfth embodiments, the opposite electrode
10 (or the edge portion counter electrode 190) is grounded and a negative high voltage
is applied to the discharge electrode 100. Whereas, in the present embodiment, a positive
high voltage is applied instead of a negative high voltage in the first to the twelfth
embodiments.
[0086] Even if a positive high voltage is applied to the discharge electrode 100 by a DC
power source 20, because the edge portions 102 of the discharge electrode 100 do not
have protruding portions, positions at which corona discharges are generated can be
prevented from being fixed directly under or directly above the protruding portion.
This makes it possible to restrain an opposite electrode to corrade.
[0087] FIG. 18 is a schematic diagram illustrating an overview of an exhaust gas cleaning
system 400. An exhaust gas cleaning system 400 removes harmful substances such as
sulfur constituents included in exhaust gas exhausted from an engine of a vehicle.
The exhaust gas cleaning system 400 has an electric dust collector 200, a scrubber
300, and a pumping-up pump 350. The electric dust collector 200 is provided upstream
from the scrubber 300. Exhaust gas is introduced from the electric dust collector
200 into the scrubber 300 through an exhaust gas inlet tube 306. The electric dust
collector 200 used herein is the electric dust collector 200 of the first to the thirteenth
embodiments mentioned above.
[0088] The scrubber 300 has a reaction tower 302, a nozzle 304, and the exhaust gas inlet
tube 306. The reaction tower 302 has interior space extending out into its height
direction. In the present example, the height direction refers to the direction extending
out from a bottom portion side 308 where exhaust gas is introduced into the reaction
tower 302 into a top portion 310 where the exhaust gas is exhausted therefrom.
[0089] In the scrubber 300, the exhaust gas inlet tube 306 is positioned near the bottom
portion side 308 of the reaction tower 302. The exhaust gas inlet tube 306 is provided
such that the exhaust gas introduced from the exhaust gas inlet tube 306 spirally
circulates along inner side side-surface of the reaction tower 302. A radius of the
reaction tower 302 may be between 0.3m and 10m inclusive.
[0090] A washing water pipe 312 through which washing water flows is disposed at an interior
portion of the scrubber 300. In the present example, the washing water pipe 312 is
disposed near the top portion 310 of the reaction tower 302. The washing water pipe
312 of the present example transports washing water in a direction perpendicular to
the height direction of the reaction tower 302. The washing water pipe 312 is supplied
with washing water from the pumping-up pump 350.
[0091] The washing water pipe 312 is provided with the nozzle 304. The nozzle 304 processes
exhaust gas by jetting out washing water 314 from the top portion 310 to the bottom
portion side 308 relative to the exhaust gas. The washing water 314 jetted out from
the nozzle 304 contacts exhaust gas passing through the interior portion within the
reaction tower 302 and absorbs sulfur constituents and the like included in the exhaust
gas. Fluid that absorbs sulfur constituent and the like is accumulated on the bottom
portion side 308 of the reaction tower 302 and exhausted to the external portion of
the reaction tower 302 as drainage.
[0092] According to the exhaust gas cleaning system 400 of the present example, harmful
substances which the electric dust collector 200 alone cannot remove completely, can
be removed. Because the electric dust collector 200 of the first to the thirteenth
embodiments is used for the exhaust gas cleaning system 400, it is possible to restrain
corrosion of opposite electrode 10 that results from a position at which a corona
discharge 2 is generated is being fixed. Also, the embodiments mentioned above are
applied to a two-stage type electric dust collector of which charging portion and
dust collecting portion are separately configured.
[0093] While the embodiments of the present invention have been described, the technical
scope of the invention is not limited to the above described embodiments. It is apparent
to persons skilled in the art that various alterations and improvements can be added
to the above-described embodiments. It is also apparent from the scope of the claims
that the embodiments added with such alterations or improvements can be included in
the technical scope of the invention.
EXPLANATION OF REFERENCE SIMBOLS
[0094]
2: corona discharge; 10: opposite electrode;
12: edge portion;
14: side;
20: DC power source;
100: discharge electrode;
101: first annular portion;
102: edge portion;
103: second annular portion;
104: straight line portion;
106: corner portion;
110: through-opening portion;
111: first opening portion;
112: edge portion;
113: second opening portion;
114: linear edge portion;
115: first edge portion;
116: corner edge portion;
117: second edge portion;
122: middle edge portion;
123: peripheral edge portion;
140: middle opening portion;
146: peripheral opening portion;
180: protruding type discharge electrode;
182: edge portion;
184: protruding portion;
190: edge portion counter electrode;
192: edge portion;
200: electric dust collector;
210: first unit;
220: second unit;
300: scrubber;
302: reaction tower;
304: nozzle;
306: exhaust gas inlet tube;
308: bottom portion side;
310: top portion;
312: washing water pipe;
314: washing water;
350: pumping-up pump;
400: exhaust gas cleaning system