BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
(FIELD OF THE INVENTION)
[0001] The present invention relates to a boil-off gas recovery system.
(DESCRIPTION OF THE RELATED ART)
[0002] In a liquefied natural gas transportation ship, since a liquefied natural gas stored
in a tank is gasified by heat coming from the outside when transferred at sea, a boil-off
gas is generated. This boil-off gas is effectively utilized as fuel for an engine,
a steam boiler, or a generator in the ship, and an extra gas is re-liquefied and then
returned to the tank. As a technique to re-liquefy the boil-off gas generated in the
tank and to return the boil-off gas to the tank in such a way, a boil-off gas recovery
system described in
JP 2015-158263 A is known.
[0003] In the boil-off gas recovery system of
JP 2015-158263 A, as described in FIG. 9, a boil-off gas generated in a tank 11 is compressed by an
oil supply type compressor 15, and part of the compressed boil-off gas is re-liquefied
through cooling by a heat exchanger 14 and expansion by an expansion valve 17 and
then returned to the tank 11. Lubricating oil used in the compressor 15 can be mixed
into the boil-off gas discharged from the compressor 15. Therefore, in the boil-off
gas recovery system of
JP 2015-158263 A, a filter for removing oil content contained in the boil-off gas is arranged in a
second pipe 16.
[0004] In the boil-off gas recovery system of
JP 2015-158263 A, the oil content contained in the boil-off gas is removed by the filter. However,
it is sometimes difficult to sufficiently remove the oil content contained in the
boil-off gas by this filter. Therefore, since the oil content passing through the
filter is coagulated and precipitated in a flow passage of the heat exchanger 14,
the flow passage is narrowed down. As a result, there is a problem that a heat exchange
performance is deteriorated.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
[0005] The present invention is achieved in consideration with the above problem, and an
object of the present invention is to provide a boil-off gas recovery system capable
of suppressing performance deterioration of a heat exchanger in a boil-off gas re-liquefying
system.
[0006] A boil-off gas recovery system according to one aspect of the present invention includes
a tank where a liquefied gas is stored, a reciprocating compressor to which lubricating
oil is supplied, the compressor that compresses a boil-off gas generated by vaporization
of part of the liquefied gas in the tank, an oil separation unit that separates the
lubricating oil contained in the boil-off gas which is discharged from the compressor,
an absorption filter that absorbs the lubricating oil contained in the boil-off gas
already passing through the oil separation unit, and a re-liquefying system having
a heat exchanger that cools the boil-off gas already passing through the absorption
filter by heat exchange with the boil-off gas supplied to the compressor from the
tank, the re-liquefying system where the liquefied boil-off gas is returned to the
tank. The above absorption filter is preferably an activated carbon filter.
[0007] In the above boil-off gas recovery system, after the lubricating oil contained in
the boil-off gas which is discharged from the compressor is separated by the oil separation
unit, the lubricating oil contained in the boil-off gas can be further absorbed by
the absorption filter. In such a way, by two-step operations of separation of the
lubricating oil with the oil separation unit and absorption of the lubricating oil
with the absorption filter, an amount of the lubricating oil contained in the boil-off
gas can be reduced to a great extent. Therefore, an amount of oil content flowing
into the heat exchanger in the re-liquefying system can be reduced to a great extent.
Thus, since precipitation of the oil content in a flow passage of the heat exchanger
is suppressed, performance deterioration of the heat exchanger can be suppressed.
In particular, the activated carbon filter is preferable due to a high ability of
absorbing the lubricating oil.
[0008] The above boil-off gas recovery system may further include a monitoring means that
monitors whether or not the lubricating oil is contained in the boil-off gas already
passing through the absorption filter.
[0009] With this configuration, it can be confirmed whether or not the lubricating oil contained
in the boil-off gas is sufficiently removed by the oil separation unit and the absorption
filter.
[0010] The above boil-off gas recovery system may further include a differential pressure
meter that detects a pressure difference before and after the absorption filter, and
an alarm issuing unit that issues an alarm when the pressure difference detected by
the differential pressure meter exceeds a preliminarily fixed reference value.
[0011] With this configuration, the end of the life of the absorption filter can be recognized
by the alarm. Thus, a replacement task of the absorption filter can be promptly performed.
[0012] The above boil-off gas recovery system may further include a level sensor that detects
whether or not a liquid level of the lubricating oil in the oil separation unit exceeds
a preliminarily fixed reference level, a lead-out means that leads the lubricating
oil out of the oil separation unit when the liquid level exceeds the reference level,
and a drain tank that stores the lubricating oil led out by the lead-out means.
[0013] With this configuration, at timing when the liquid level of the lubricating oil exceeds
the reference level, the lubricating oil can be led out of the oil separation unit.
Thus, maintenance of the oil separation unit is easily performed.
[0014] As clear from the above description, according to the present invention, the boil-off
gas recovery system capable of suppressing the performance deterioration of the heat
exchanger in the boil-off gas re-liquefying system can be provided.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0015]
FIG. 1 is a diagram schematically showing a configuration of a boil-off gas recovery
system according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a diagram schematically showing a configuration of an activated carbon filter
in the above boil-off gas recovery system.
FIG. 3 is a diagram schematically showing a configuration of a re-liquefying system
in the above boil-off gas recovery system.
FIG. 4 is a diagram schematically showing a configuration of a boil-off gas recovery
system according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a diagram schematically showing a configuration of a boil-off gas recovery
system according to a modified example of the above second embodiment.
FIG. 6 is a diagram schematically showing a configuration of a boil-off gas recovery
system according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 7 is a diagram schematically showing a configuration of a boil-off gas recovery
system according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 8 is a diagram schematically showing a configuration of a boil-off gas recovery
system according to one of other embodiments of the present invention.
FIG. 9 is a diagram schematically showing a configuration of a boil-off gas recovery
system according to the conventional example.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
[0016] Hereinafter, a boil-off gas recovery system according to embodiments of the present
invention will be described in detail on the basis of the drawings.
(FIRST EMBODIMENT)
[0017] Firstly, a boil-off gas recovery system 1 according to a first embodiment of the
present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 3. FIG. 1 is a schematic
configuration diagram showing the boil-off gas recovery system 1 according to the
first embodiment. FIG. 2 is a schematic configuration diagram showing an activated
carbon filter 70 (absorption filter) in the boil-off gas recovery system 1 according
to the first embodiment. FIG. 3 is a schematic configuration diagram showing a re-liquefying
system 9 in the boil-off gas recovery system 1 according to the first embodiment.
[0018] The boil-off gas recovery system 1 is installed in a ship that transports a liquefied
gas such as a liquefied natural gas. As shown in FIG. 1, the boil-off gas recovery
system 1 mainly includes a tank 2, a compressor group 3, a cooler 51, a first separator
14 (oil separation unit), the activated carbon filter 70 (absorption filter), the
re-liquefying system 9, pipes connecting these constituent elements to each other,
and various control valves provided in the pipes.
[0019] The tank 2 is to store a liquefied gas 100 such as a liquefied natural gas. The liquefied
natural gas is stored in the tank 2 in a temperature state of about -160°C. In the
tank 2, by vaporization of part of the liquefied gas 100 due to in-coming of heat
from the outside, a boil-off gas 100A is generated. The tank 2 is not limited to the
one to store the liquefied natural gas but may be the one to store other types of
the liquefied gas 100 such as a liquefied petroleum gas.
[0020] The compressor group 3 is connected to the tank 2 via a first pipe 4. The boil-off
gas 100A generated in the tank 2 passes through the inside of the first pipe 4 and
is supplied to the compressor group 3. The compressor group 3 includes a non-oil supply
type compressor 3a that does not require lubricating oil, and an oil supply type compressor
3b to which the lubricating oil is supplied. The non-oil supply type and oil supply
type compressors 3a, 3b compress the boil-off gas 100A generated due to vaporization
of part of the liquefied gas 100 in the tank 2. The oil supply type compressor 3b
is arranged in a subsequent part of the non-oil supply type compressor 3a. The non-oil
supply type compressor 3a may be omitted.
[0021] The non-oil supply type compressor 3a has two compression stages 3aa. The oil supply
type compressor 3b has three compression stages 3bb. The number of the compression
stages can be set in accordance with the types of the liquefied gas 100 so that pressure
of the boil-off gas can be boosted to be pressure required for re-liquefaction. Therefore,
the number of the compression stages is not limited to five of the present embodiment
but may be four or less or may be six or more.
[0022] Each of the non-oil supply type and oil supply type compressors 3a, 3b is a reciprocating
compressor. That is, the compressors 3a, 3b boost the pressure of the boil-off gas
suctioned into a cylinder via a suction port by reciprocating motion of a piston and
discharge the boil-off gas whose pressure is boosted from a discharge port. A check
valve is provided in each of the suction port and the discharge port.
[0023] The cooler 51 is to cool the boil-off gas compressed by the compressors 3a, 3b, and
is arranged in a subsequent part of the compressor group 3. The cooler 51 cools the
boil-off gas by heat exchange with using sea water, for example. By cooling in the
cooler 51, a temperature of the boil-off gas supplied to an engine 6 and the like
can be adjusted to be a predetermined temperature. The lubricating oil used in the
compressor 3b can be mixed into the boil-off gas discharged from the compressor 3b.
For this, by cooling in the cooler 51, the lubricating oil in a vaporous state (oil
content) contained in the boil-off gas can also be condensed.
[0024] The first separator 14 is to separate the lubricating oil (lubricating oil used in
the oil supply type compressor 3b) in a liquid state or a mist state contained in
the boil-off gas which is discharged from the compressor 3b, and is arranged in a
subsequent part of the cooler 51. The first separator 14 is connected to the compressor
3b via a second pipe 5. The cooler 51 is provided in the middle of the second pipe
5. As shown in FIG. 1, the first separator 14 has a main body portion 25 having a
cylindrical shape, and a small diameter portion 26 having a cylindrical shape whose
diameter is smaller than that of the main body portion 25, the small diameter portion
being arranged in the main body portion 25. An outer surface of this small diameter
portion 26 is formed in a mesh shape.
[0025] The boil-off gas cooled by the cooler 51 passes through the inside of the second
pipe 5 and flows into the small diameter portion 26 from the upper end side of the
small diameter portion 26 of the first separator 14. As shown by a broken line in
FIG. 1, the boil-off gas flows from an upper end toward a lower end in the small diameter
portion 26 and then passes through the mesh on the outer surface of the small diameter
portion 26. At this time, the lubricating oil in a liquid state or a mist state contained
in the boil-off gas does not pass through the mesh but is accumulated on a bottom
of the small diameter portion 26. The boil-off gas passes through the mesh of the
small diameter portion 26 and then flows out of the first separator 14 from a gas
outlet provided on a side surface of the main body portion 25. In such a way, by using
a mesh structure of the small diameter portion 26, the lubricating oil contained in
the boil-off gas can be separated. The oil content accumulated on the bottom of the
small diameter portion 26 passes through mesh holes and drips down to a bottom of
the main body portion 25 (reference numeral 101 in FIG. 1).
[0026] The above boil-off gas recovery system 1 further includes a level sensor 24 provided
in the first separator 14, a lead-out means 80 that leads the lubricating oil out
of the first separator 14, and a drain tank 90 that stores the lubricating oil led
out by the lead-out means 80.
[0027] The level sensor 24 detects whether or not a liquid level of the lubricating oil
in the first separator 14 (main body portion 25) exceeds a preliminarily fixed reference
level. Specifically, the level sensor 24 has a pair of electrodes, and when the liquid
level of the lubricating oil reaches the reference level, a portion between the pair
of electrodes is filled with the lubricating oil. At this time, electric resistance
between the pair of electrodes is changed. By detecting the change in the electric
resistance, the level sensor 24 detects the fact that the liquid level of the lubricating
oil in the first separator 14 exceeds the preliminarily fixed reference level.
[0028] The lead-out means 80 leads the lubricating oil out of the first separator 14 when
the liquid level of the lubricating oil in the first separator 14 exceeds the reference
level. The lead-out means 80 has a drain pipe 82, a drain valve 81 provided in the
drain pipe 82, and a control unit 83 that controls open/close of the drain valve 81.
[0029] As shown in FIG. 1, the drain pipe 82 has one end connected to a bottom portion of
the first separator 14 (main body portion 25), and the other end connected to an upper
portion of the drain tank 90. The control unit 83 receives a detection signal indicating
the fact that the liquid level of the lubricating oil in the first separator 14 exceeds
the reference level from the level sensor 24. Upon receiving this detection signal,
the control unit 83 performs control of opening the drain valve 81. Thereby, when
the liquid level of the lubricating oil in the first separator 14 exceeds the reference
level, the lubricating oil can be guided from the inside of the first separator 14
to the drain tank 90 via the drain pipe 82.
[0030] The activated carbon filter 70 is to absorb the lubricating oil contained in the
boil-off gas already passing through the first separator 14, and is arranged in a
subsequent part of the first separator 14. The activated carbon filter 70 is connected
to the first separator 14 by a third pipe 70A. Thereby, the boil-off gas already passing
through the first separator 14 can flow into the activated carbon filter 70 via the
third pipe 70A.
[0031] FIG. 2 is a vertically sectional diagram showing a detailed configuration of the
activated carbon filter 70. As shown in FIG. 2, the activated carbon filter 70 mainly
has a casing 71, a lid 73, an activated carbon cartridge 72, and fastening members
74, 75. In the present embodiment, the activated carbon filter 70 is arranged in a
posture along the vertical direction (vertically placed). However, the posture of
the activated carbon filter 70 to be arranged is not limited to this but the activated
carbon filter may be arranged in a posture along the horizontal direction (horizontally
placed).
[0032] The casing 71 has a cylindrical shape inside which the activated carbon cartridge
72 can be housed, and an upper end of the casing is opened. In substantially center
of a bottom portion 71C of the casing 71, a gas inflow port 71A for the boil-off gas
flowing into the casing 71 is provided. The lid 73 has a disc shape of the substantially
same diameter as that of the casing 71, and is fixed to an upper end of the casing
71 by the fastening members 74, 75. In substantially center of the lid 73, a gas outflow
port 73A for the boil-off gas flowing out to the outside is provided.
[0033] The activated carbon cartridge 72 is housed in the casing 71 and can be taken out
of the casing 71. Specifically, after the fastening members 74, 75 are removed and
the lid 73 is detached from the casing 71, the activated carbon cartridge 72 can be
taken out from the upper end opening portion of the casing 71. In such a way, a replacement
task of the activated carbon cartridge 72 can be performed.
[0034] The activated carbon cartridge 72 has a large number of particulate activated carbon
particles 72A, and a housing portion 72B that houses the activated carbon particles
72A. The activated carbon particles 72A can absorb the lubricating oil in a liquid
state or a mist state contained in the boil-off gas. As shown in FIG. 2, a space 71B
is provided between the activated carbon cartridge 72 and the bottom portion 71C of
the casing 71. By providing this space 71B, the boil-off gas flowing into the casing
71 can flow in throughout the inside of the activated carbon cartridge 72.
[0035] The boil-off gas already passing through the first separator 14 flows into the casing
71 from the gas inflow port 71A. As shown by broken arrows in FIG. 2, the boil-off
gas spreads in the radial direction in the space 71B and then passes through the inside
of the activated carbon cartridge 72. At this time, the lubricating oil in a liquid
state or a mist state contained in the boil-off gas (lubricating oil which is not
completely separated by the first separator 14) can be absorbed by the activated carbon
particles 72A. The boil-off gas passes through the activated carbon cartridge 72 and
then flows out to the outside from the gas outflow port 73A. In such a way, by performing
a separation operation of the lubricating oil with the first separator 14 and an absorption
operation of the lubricating oil with the activated carbon filter 70, an amount of
the lubricating oil contained in the boil-off gas can be reduced to a great extent.
[0036] As shown in FIG. 1, the above boil-off gas recovery system 1 further includes a differential
pressure meter 76 and an alarm issuing unit 77. The differential pressure meter 76
detects a pressure difference before and after the activated carbon filter 70. The
alarm issuing unit 77 issues an alarm when the pressure difference detected by the
differential pressure meter 76 exceeds a preliminarily fixed reference value. The
alarm issuing unit 77 may be for example of a sound type or a lighting type. Thereby,
a difference between pressure of the boil-off gas flowing into the activated carbon
filter 70 (pressure of the boil-off gas on the upstream side of the activated carbon
filter 70) and pressure of the boil-off gas flowing out of the activated carbon filter
70 (pressure of the boil-off gas on the downstream side of the activated carbon filter
70) is increased. Thus, by the alarm issuing unit 77, a worker can be notified of
the fact that the replacement time for the activated carbon cartridge 72 has come.
[0037] One end of a gas outlet pipe 5A is connected to the gas outflow port 73A of the activated
carbon filter 70. As shown in FIG. 1, the gas outlet pipe 5A branches into three at
a first part 5AA. The branching pipes are connected to the engine 6, a gas combustion
unit 7, and a generator 8, respectively. Thereby, the boil-off gas already passing
through the activated carbon filter 70 can be respectively supplied to the engine
6, the gas combustion unit 7, and the generator 8.
[0038] Control valves (not shown) may be respectively provided in the branching pipes. By
controlling open/close of these control valves, supply amounts of the boil-off gas
to the engine 6, the gas combustion unit 7, and the generator 8 can be adjusted.
[0039] The engine 6 generates propulsion force for a ship by combusting the supplied boil-off
gas. The generator 8 generates electric power required for driving various devices
of the ship by performing power generation with the supplied boil-off gas as fuel.
The gas combustion unit 7 combusts and safely processes an extra boil-off gas in a
case where a generation amount of the boil-off gas exceeds an amount required as fuel
for the engine 6 and the generator 8.
[0040] Next, the re-liquefying system 9 provided in the above boil-off gas recovery system
1 will be described mainly with reference to FIGS. 1 and 3. The re-liquefying system
9 cools and expands to re-liquefy the boil-off gas whose pressure is boosted by the
compressors 3a, 3b. The re-liquefying system 9 mainly has a fourth pipe 10, a heat
exchanger 16, a fifth pipe 17, an expansion valve 18, a gas-liquid separation unit
19, a sixth pipe 21, and a seventh pipe 20.
[0041] The fourth pipe 10 has one end connected to a second part 5AB of the gas outlet pipe
5A placed on the upstream side of the first part 5AA, and the other end connected
to the heat exchanger 16. Thereby, the boil-off gas already passing through the activated
carbon filter 70 passes through the gas outlet pipe 5A, flows into the fourth pipe
10 from the second part 5AB, and is supplied to the heat exchanger 16. As shown in
FIG. 1, a first control valve 29 is provided in the fourth pipe 10. By controlling
open/close of this first control valve 29, an amount of the boil-off gas flowing into
the fourth pipe 10 from the gas outlet pipe 5A can be adjusted.
[0042] The heat exchanger 16 cools the boil-off gas to a liquefiable temperature (for example,
-100°C). As shown in FIG. 3, the heat exchanger 16 has a low-temperature side passage
16a through which the boil-off gas fed to the compressors 3a, 3b from the tank 2 passes,
and a high-temperature side passage 16b through which the boil-off gas already passing
through the activated carbon filter 70 passes.
[0043] The heat exchanger 16 performs heat exchange between the boil-off gas supplied to
the compressors 3a, 3b from the tank 2 (boil-off gas passing through the low-temperature
side passage 16a) and the boil-off gas already passing through the activated carbon
filter 70 (boil-off gas passing through the high-temperature side passage 16b). By
this heat exchange, the boil-off gas passing through the high-temperature side passage
16b is cooled. At this time, part of the boil-off gas may be liquefied. The boil-off
gas passing through the low-temperature side passage 16a is heated, for example, from
-160°C to -50°C.
[0044] As shown in FIG. 3, the first pipe 4 is connected to an inlet and an outlet of the
low-temperature side passage 16a. The other end of the fourth pipe 10 is connected
to an inlet of the high-temperature side passage 16b. One end of the fifth pipe 17
is connected to an outlet of the high-temperature side passage 16b.
[0045] The fifth pipe 17 has the one end connected to the heat exchanger 16, and the other
end connected to the gas-liquid separation unit 19. The expansion valve 18 is to expand
the boil-off gas cooled in the heat exchanger 16 to reduce the pressure, and is provided
in the middle of the fifth pipe 17. By this expansion valve 18, part of the boil-off
gas is liquefied.
[0046] The gas-liquid separation unit 19 is to separate the partly liquefied boil-off gas
into a liquid component and a gas component. One end of the sixth pipe 21 and one
end of the seventh pipe 20 are respectively connected to the gas-liquid separation
unit 19.
[0047] The seventh pipe 20 has the one end connected to a bottom portion of the gas-liquid
separation unit 19, and the other end connected to the tank 2. Thereby, the liquid
component of the boil-off gas separated in the gas-liquid separation unit 19 can be
returned to the tank 2 via the seventh pipe 20.
[0048] The sixth pipe 21 connects the gas-liquid separation unit 19 and the first pipe 4
to each other, and also connects the gas-liquid separation unit 19 and the gas combustion
unit 7 to each other. Specifically, the sixth pipe 21 branches into two branching
pipes 21A, 21B at a first part 21AA. One branching pipe 21A is connected to the first
pipe 4 on the outlet side of the heat exchanger 16, and the other branching pipe 21B
is connected to the gas combustion unit 7. Thereby, the gas component of the boil-off
gas separated in the gas-liquid separation unit 19 can respectively flow into the
first pipe 4 and the gas combustion unit 7 via the sixth pipe 21.
[0049] As shown in FIG. 3, a second control valve 31 and a third control valve 30 are respectively
provided in the branching pipes 21A, 21B. By these valves, opening degrees of flow
passages of the boil-off gas in the branching pipes 21A, 21B can be adjusted. Thereby,
an amount of the boil-off gas flowing into the side of the first pipe 4 and an amount
of the boil-off gas flowing into the side of the gas combustion unit 7 can be respectively
adjusted.
[0050] Characteristic configurations and operations and effects of the boil-off gas recovery
system 1 according to the above first embodiment will be described.
[0051] The above boil-off gas recovery system 1 includes the tank 2, the compressor 3b to
which the lubricating oil is supplied, the compressor that compresses the boil-off
gas, the first separator 14 that separates the lubricating oil contained in the boil-off
gas which is discharged from the compressor 3b, the activated carbon filter 70 that
absorbs the lubricating oil contained in the boil-off gas already passing through
the first separator 14, and the re-liquefying system 9 having the heat exchanger 16
that cools the boil-off gas already passing through the activated carbon filter 70,
the re-liquefying system where the liquefied boil-off gas is returned to the tank
2.
[0052] In the above boil-off gas recovery system 1, after the lubricating oil contained
in the boil-off gas which is discharged from the compressor 3b is separated by the
first separator 14, the lubricating oil contained in the boil-off gas can be further
absorbed by the activated carbon filter 70. In such a way, by two-step operations
of separation of the lubricating oil with the first separator 14 and absorption of
the lubricating oil with the activated carbon filter 70, the amount of the lubricating
oil contained in the boil-off gas can be reduced to a great extent. Specifically,
concentration of the lubricating oil in the boil-off gas can be reduced to 0.5 ppm
or less by the first separator 14, and the concentration can be further reduced to
0.1 ppm or less by the activated carbon filter 70. Therefore, an amount of the oil
content flowing into the heat exchanger 16 in the re-liquefying system 9 can be reduced
to a great extent. Thus, since precipitation of the oil content in a flow passage
of the heat exchanger 16 is suppressed, performance deterioration of the heat exchanger
16 can be suppressed.
[0053] The above boil-off gas recovery system 1 includes the differential pressure meter
76 that detects the pressure difference before and after the activated carbon filter
70, and the alarm issuing unit 77 that issues the alarm when the pressure difference
exceeds the preliminarily fixed reference value. Thereby, the end of the life of the
activated carbon filter 70 can be recognized by the alarm. Thus, the replacement task
of the activated carbon cartridge 72 can be promptly performed.
[0054] The above boil-off gas recovery system 1 includes the level sensor 24 that detects
whether or not the liquid level of the lubricating oil in the first separator 14 exceeds
the preliminarily fixed reference level, the lead-out means 80 that leads the lubricating
oil out of the first separator 14 when the liquid level exceeds the reference level,
and the drain tank 90 that stores the lubricating oil led out by the lead-out means
80. Thereby, at timing when the liquid level of the lubricating oil exceeds the reference
level, the lubricating oil can be led out of the first separator 14. Thus, maintenance
of the first separator 14 is easily performed.
(SECOND EMBODIMENT)
[0055] Next, a boil-off gas recovery system 1A according to a second embodiment of the present
invention will be described with reference to FIG. 4. The boil-off gas recovery system
1A according to the second embodiment basically has the same configuration as the
boil-off gas recovery system 1 according to the above first embodiment but is different
in terms of a point that a monitoring means that monitors whether or not the lubricating
oil is contained in the boil-off gas already passing through the activated carbon
filter 70 is further provided. Hereinafter, only the point which is different from
the above first embodiment will be described. In FIG. 4, the configurations of the
cooler 51, the first separator 14, and the like arranged between the compressor 3b
and the activated carbon filter 70 are omitted.
[0056] As shown in FIG. 4, the boil-off gas recovery system 1A according to the second embodiment
includes a monitoring means 65. This monitoring means 65 has a second separator 60
arranged in a subsequent part of the activated carbon filter 70, and a controlling
unit 63 that controls actions of the compressors 3a, 3b.
[0057] More specifically, the above boil-off gas recovery system 1A has a gas branching
pipe 61 whose one end is connected to a third part 5AC of the gas outlet pipe 5A on
the upstream side of the second part 5AB. The other end of this gas branching pipe
61 is connected to an inlet of the second separator 60. Thereby, the boil-off gas
already passing through the activated carbon filter 70 can flow into the gas branching
pipe 61 from the third part 5AC and can be supplied to the second separator 60. A
fourth control valve 62 is provided in the gas branching pipe 61. By controlling open/close
of this fourth control valve 62, an amount of the boil-off gas flowing into the gas
branching pipe 61 from the gas outlet pipe 5A can be adjusted.
[0058] The second separator 60 has the same configuration as the first separator 14 described
in the above first embodiment. Therefore, with the second separator 60, in a case
where the first separator 14 and the activated carbon filter 70 do not sufficiently
function and the lubricating oil in a liquid state or a mist state is still contained
in the boil-off gas already passing through the activated carbon filter 70, the lubricating
oil can be separated. Thus, by the amount of the lubricating oil separated by the
second separator 60 (amount of the lubricating oil accumulated on the bottom of the
main body portion 25), it can be confirmed whether or not a large amount of the lubricating
oil is contained in the boil-off gas flowing through the subsequent part of the activated
carbon filter 70. That is, it can be confirmed whether or not the lubricating oil
contained in the boil-off gas is sufficiently removed by the first separator 14 and
the activated carbon filter 70 in a prior part of the second separator 60.
[0059] A level sensor 24 is provided in the second separator 60 as well as the first separator
14. When the level sensor 24 detects the fact that a liquid level of the lubricating
oil in the second separator 60 exceeds a preliminarily fixed reference level, a detection
signal of the level sensor is sent to the controlling unit 63. Upon receiving the
detection signal, the controlling unit 63 performs control of stopping the actions
of the compressors 3a, 3b. That is, the controlling unit 63 stops the actions of the
compressors 3a, 3b when the amount of the lubricating oil separated by the second
separator 60 reaches a predetermined amount. Thereby, even in a case where the lubricating
oil in the boil-off gas is not sufficiently removed by the first separator 14 and
the activated carbon filter 70 for some reasons (failure), the boil-off gas containing
a large amount of the lubricating oil can be prevented from flowing to the side of
the re-liquefying system 9.
[0060] As shown in FIG. 4, the above boil-off gas recovery system 1A includes an eighth
pipe 64 having one end connected to a gas outlet of the second separator 60, and the
other end connected to the first pipe 4. Thereby, the boil-off gas flowing out of
the second separator 60 can be returned back to a prior part of the compressor 3a.
[0061] The gas branching pipe 61 may be omitted and the second separator 60 may be arranged
in the middle of the gas outlet pipe 5A as shown in FIG. 5. The monitoring means 65
may include no controlling unit 63 but only include the second separator 60. In this
case, the worker regularly confirms the amount of the lubricating oil separated by
the second separator 60, and when the separation amount of the lubricating oil exceeds
a predetermined amount, the worker manually stops the actions of the compressors 3a,
3b.
(THIRD EMBODIMENT)
[0062] Next, a boil-off gas recovery system 1B according to a third embodiment of the present
invention will be described with reference to FIG. 6. The boil-off gas recovery system
1B according to the third embodiment basically has the same configuration as the boil-off
gas recovery system 1 according to the above first embodiment but is different in
terms of a point that plural first separators 14 and plural activated carbon filters
70 are provided and respectively arranged in parallel. Hereinafter, only the point
which is different from the above first embodiment will be described in detail.
[0063] As shown in FIG. 6, the plural (two in the present embodiment) first separators 14
are provided and arranged in parallel. Specifically, the second pipe 5 branches into
two separator upstream pipes 131, 132 at a part 5E. The separator upstream pipes 131,
132 are connected to inlets of the first separators 14. The third pipe 70A has two
separator downstream pipes 133, 134 connected to outlets of the first separators 14.
The two separator downstream pipes 133, 134 join at a part 5F.
[0064] The above boil-off gas recovery system 1B includes a separator switching means 110
that switches supply of the boil-off gas to the plural first separators 14. The separator
switching means 110 includes on-off valves 111, 112 provided before and after (on
the upstream side and the downstream side of) one of the first separators 14 (on the
upper side in FIG. 6), and on-off valves 113, 114 provided before and after the other
first separator 14 (on the lower side in FIG. 6). The separator switching means 110
may further include a controller that controls these on-off valves 111 to 114.
[0065] By controlling the on-off valves 111 to 114, the supply of the boil-off gas to the
plural first separators 14 can be switched. Specifically, by closing the on-off valves
111, 112 and opening the on-off valves 113, 114, the boil-off gas can be supplied
only to the first separator 14 on the lower side in FIG. 6. Meanwhile, maintenance
or the like of the first separator 14 on the upper side in FIG. 6 can be performed.
On the other hand, by opening the on-off valves 111, 112 and closing the on-off valves
113, 114, the boil-off gas can be supplied only to the first separator 14 on the upper
side in FIG. 6.
[0066] As shown in FIG. 6, the plural (two in the present embodiment) activated carbon filters
70 are provided and arranged in parallel as well as the first separators 14. Specifically,
the third pipe 70A branches into two filter upstream pipes 135, 136 at a part 5G.
The two filter upstream pipes 135, 136 are connected to inlets of the activated carbon
filters 70. The gas outlet pipe 5A has two filter downstream pipes 137, 138 connected
to outlets of the activated carbon filters 70. The two filter downstream pipes 137,
138 join at a part 5H.
[0067] The above boil-off gas recovery system 1B includes a filter switching means 120 that
switches supply of the boil-off gas to the plural activated carbon filters 70. The
filter switching means 120 includes on-off valves 121, 122 provided before and after
one of the activated carbon filters 70 (on the upper side in FIG. 6), and on-off valves
123, 124 provided before and after the other activated carbon filter 70 (on the lower
side in FIG. 6). The filter switching means 120 may further include a controller that
controls these on-off valves 121 to 124.
[0068] By controlling the on-off valves 121 to 124, the supply of the boil-off gas to the
plural activated carbon filters 70 can be switched. Specifically, by closing the on-off
valves 121, 122 and opening the on-off valves 123, 124, the boil-off gas can be supplied
only to the activated carbon filter 70 on the lower side in FIG. 6. Meanwhile, the
replacement task of the activated carbon cartridge 72 or the like can be performed
in the activated carbon filter 70 on the upper side in FIG. 6. On the other hand,
by opening the on-off valves 121, 122 and closing the on-off valves 123, 124, the
boil-off gas can be supplied only to the activated carbon filter 70 on the upper side
in FIG. 6.
[0069] In such a way, in the boil-off gas recovery system 1B according to the third embodiment,
the plural first separators 14 and the plural activated carbon filters 70 are respectively
arranged in parallel, and the means for switching the supply of the boil-off gas to
these are provided. Thereby, while continuing an operation of the boil-off gas recovery
system 1B, the maintenance of the first separator 14, the replacement task of the
activated carbon cartridge 72, and the like can be performed.
[0070] In the third embodiment, the case where the two first separators 14 and the two activated
carbon filters 70 are provided is described. However, three or more first separators
and three or more activated carbon filters may be arranged in parallel. Only one of
the first separators 14 and the activated carbon filters 70 may be arranged in parallel.
(FOURTH EMBODIMENT)
[0071] Next, a boil-off gas recovery system 1C according to a fourth embodiment of the present
invention will be described with reference to FIG. 7. The boil-off gas recovery system
1C according to the fourth embodiment basically has the same configuration as the
boil-off gas recovery system 1 according to the above first embodiment but is different
in terms of a point that plural first separators 14 and plural activated carbon filters
70 are provided and respectively arranged in series. Hereinafter, only the point which
is different from the above first embodiment will be described in detail.
[0072] As shown in FIG. 7, the plural (two in the present embodiment) first separators 14
are provided and arranged in series. The plural (two in the present embodiment) activated
carbon filters 70 are provided and arranged in series. Thereby, the boil-off gas discharged
from the compressor 3b can pass through the plural first separators 14. The boil-off
gas already passing through the first separators 14 can pass through the plural activated
carbon filters 70. Thereby, the amount of the lubricating oil contained in the boil-off
gas can be further reduced.
(OTHER EMBODIMENTS)
[0073] Finally, other embodiments of the present invention will be described.
[0074] In the above first embodiment, the configuration in which the boil-off gas after
passing through the last compression stage 3bb is guided to the re-liquefying system
9 is described. However, the present invention is not limited to this. As shown in
FIG. 8, the fourth pipe 10 in the re-liquefying system 9 may be connected to a portion
between the compression stages 3bb in the oil supply type compressor 3b. In this case,
the cooler 51, the first separator 14, and the activated carbon filter 70 are also
arranged in the portion between the compression stages 3bb. Thereby, the boil-off
gas extracted from a middle part of the compressor 3b can be guided to the re-liquefying
system 9.
[0075] In the above first embodiment, the case where the gas inflow port 71A is provided
in a lower portion of the activated carbon filter 70 and the gas outflow port 73A
is provided in an upper portion of the activated carbon filter 70 is described. However,
the present invention is not limited to this. The gas outflow portion may be provided
in the lower portion of the activated carbon filter 70 and the gas outflow port may
be provided in the upper portion of the activated carbon filter 70.
[0076] In the above first to fourth embodiments, the differential pressure meter 76 and
the alarm issuing unit 77 may be omitted. The level sensor 24, the lead-out means
80, and the drain tank 90 may be omitted.
[0077] In the above first to fourth embodiments, the activated carbon filter 70 is described
as one example of the absorption filter in the present invention. However, the present
invention is not limited to this. For example, an absorption filter made of a porous
material such as zeolite may be used.
[0078] In the boil-off gas recovery system according to the above first to fourth embodiments,
the cooler 51 may be omitted.
[0079] In the above embodiments, the first separator 14 having the small diameter portion
26 whose outer surface is formed in a mesh shape is described as one example of the
oil separation unit in the present invention. However, the lubricating oil can also
be separated by other oil separation units. For example, an oil separation unit using
a baffle plate or an oil separation unit of centrifugal separation may be used. The
same is applied to the second separator 60 included in the monitoring means in the
present invention.
[0080] In the above first embodiment, a pipe connecting an arbitrary part of the third pipe
70A and the first part 5AA of the gas outlet pipe 5A may be provided. Thereby, the
boil-off gas already passing through the first separator 14 can be directly supplied
to the engine 6, the gas combustion unit 7, and the generator 8 while bypassing the
activated carbon filter 70. A control valve is provided in the pipe.
[0081] In the above first embodiment, the case where the cooler 51 is arranged only in the
subsequent part of the fifth compression stage 3bb is described. However, the cooler
51 may be arranged in a subsequent part of each of the compression stages 3aa, 3bb.
[0082] The embodiments disclosed herein should be understood as not restriction but only
examples in all aspects. The scope of the present invention is indicated not by the
above description but by the claims, and is intended to include equivalent meanings
to the claims and all modifications within the scope.
[0083] A boil-off gas recovery system capable of suppressing performance deterioration of
a heat exchanger in a boil-off gas re-liquefying system is provided.
[0084] A boil-off gas recovery system includes a tank where a liquefied gas is stored, a
reciprocating compressor to which lubricating oil is supplied, the compressor that
compresses a boil-off gas generated by vaporization of part of the liquefied gas in
the tank, a first separator that separates the lubricating oil contained in the boil-off
gas which is discharged from the compressor, an activated carbon filter that absorbs
the lubricating oil contained in the boil-off gas already passing through the first
separator, and a re-liquefying system having a heat exchanger that cools the boil-off
gas already passing through the activated carbon filter by heat exchange with the
boil-off gas supplied to the compressor from the tank, the re-liquefying system where
the liquefied boil-off gas is returned to the tank.