[0001] The present invention relates to a method for installing dry cladding on a flat structural
surface, to an insulation panel for use in such a method and to a method for producing
such an insulation panel.
[0002] In cases where an outer leaf in the form of dry wall cladding is to be installed
on a structural inner leaf, usually consisting of stone-like materials such as concrete,
brickwork, lime-sand stone but possibly also wood or steel, and the use of insulation
material between the cladding and the surface of said inner leaf is desired, use is
traditionally made of aligned right-angled brackets which are fixed to the inner leaf
at regular intervals. Then horizontally or vertically oriented laths, usually made
of wood, are connected to the brackets, whereupon mineral wool, such as rock wool
or glass wool, is provided between the laths as an insulating material. The laths
are aligned prior to being connected to the brackets so as to ensure a level appearance
of the final wall cladding. Subsequently, a foil and, following that, evenly spaced
laths oriented perpendicular to the horizontally or vertically oriented laths are
fixed to said laths over said laths and said mineral wool. Finally, the wall cladding,
usually in the form of a horizontally or vertically oriented strip-like or plate-shaped
material as marketed by companies such as Deceuninck, VMZINC or Trespa, is fixed to
the laths.
[0003] A drawback of this traditional method is that it is labour-intensive and thus relatively
costly. An alternative system has been on the market under the name of ISO.finish
for a few years, which system makes use of insulation panels which are directly fixed
to the inner leaf. Then vertical laths are provided on the outer side of the insulation
panels by means of plugs and wall screws that extend through the insulation panels
into the inner leaf. The wall screws are also provided with external screw thread,
making it possible to align the vertical laths with each other with a certain spacing
being present between the insulation panels and the vertical laths. In addition, in
order to fix said alignment, the vertical laths are connected to the inner leaf by
means of wall screws that extend at an angle of about 30 degrees to the horizontal.
As is the case in the traditional method, the wall cladding is finally fixed to the
vertical laths. In practice this system has been found to be only a little less labour-intensive
than the traditional method. Accordingly, said system is used to a limited extent
in practice.
[0004] European patent application
EP 1983126 A1 discloses a substructure for aligning a building cover structure. More in particular
it is described that slabs of insulation material are secured to a wall by a number
of mounting members, which are preferably insulation retaining profiles. Building
cover support profiles are mounted on the insulation mounting members via a number
of assembly brackets 5.
[0005] Publication
US 2010/300012 A1 discloses building panels on opposite sides of which support members typically made
of metal are disposed.
[0006] The object of the invention, according to a first aspect thereof, is to provide a
method which makes it possible to install dry cladding in a less labour-intensive
manner without this being realised at the expense of the possibility to adjust the
position of the cladding relative to the supporting surface whilst also providing
insulation material. In order to achieve that object, the invention provides a method
for installing dry cladding on a flat structural surface, which method comprises the
successive steps A to C as defined in claim 1. These steps A - C make it possible
to install dry wall cladding, including intermediate insulation material, to a structural
supporting surface in a relatively user-friendly and quick manner. More specifically,
this advantage is connected with the use of aligned brackets provided on the side
of insulation panels remote from the supporting surface.
[0007] According to the invention the foam-like insulation panels are already provided with
the brackets upon fixation of the insulation panels to the supporting surface according
to step A. The method according to the invention can thus be carried out relatively
quickly, because it is no longer necessary to connect the at least one bracket to
the insulation panel "in situ", so that also the "in situ" alignment of the brackets
is no longer required. This embodiment certainly does not rule out the possibility
that the fixation of the brackets to the insulation panel could be improved upon fixation
of the insulation panel to the supporting surface. This might for example be the case
if a hammer plug is hammered both through a mounting hole in the bracket and through
the material of the insulation panel into the supporting surface.
[0008] In another preferred embodiment, the insulation panels are provided with continuous
grooves and the insulation panels are connected to the supporting surface in such
a manner during step A that continuous grooves of adjacent insulation panels are in
line, and the fixing means are connected to the connecting legs of the brackets in
such a manner during step B that the fixing means will extend at least partially into
the continuous grooves. In this way the depth of the combination of the insulation
panel and the elongated fixing means, i.e. the dimensions of said combination seen
in a direction perpendicular to the supporting surface, can be kept within bounds.
This is advantageous not only for space reasons but also in view of the bending moment
that acts on the structural surface on account of the weight of the cladding and the
insulation panels provided with elongated fixing means.
[0009] If the fixing means are connected to the connecting legs of the bracket in such a
manner during step B that the fixing means extend only partially within the continuous
grooves, a wall cavity can be created directly behind the cladding in a simple manner.
[0010] According to an alternative preferred embodiment, in which the insulation panels
are provided with continuous grooves and the insulation panels are connected to the
supporting surface in such a manner during step A that continuous grooves of adjacent
insulation panels are in line, the fixing means are connected to the connecting legs
of the brackets in such a manner during step B that the fixing means will extend directly
above the continuous grooves without extending into said grooves. Thus, a certain
adjusting space can be created on the side of the fixing means that faces the insulation
panel, which space will not be necessarily utilised in practice but which can nevertheless
make it advantageous to use continuous grooves in the insulation panels, for example
having a depth of 2 cm, so as to thus reduce the overall depth.
[0011] Good ventilation of the fixing means, which is important, in particular if wooden
laths are used as the fixing means, can be obtained if the fixing means are at least
substantially clear of the walls of the grooves.
[0012] Preferably, the minimum spacing between walls of the grooves and the fixing means,
insofar as the latter extend into the grooves, at least along the larger part of the
length of the fixing means, ranges between 1 mm and 10 mm. Good ventilation is not
possible below the lower limit of 1 mm, whilst above the upper limit of 10 mm the
dimensions of the grooves are larger than necessary for a good ventilation, so that
the insulation panel must be made thicker in order to realise the required insulation
values.
[0013] A quick and correctly aligned connection of the fixing means to the brackets is made
possible in particular if, in preparation of step B, the fixing means are clamped
in a continuous groove prior to step B. Such clamping can be obtained advantageously
if the grooves are provided with clamping projections on opposite sides of the grooves
and the fixing means are clamped between the clamping projections prior to step B.
The spacing between the clamping projections and the fixing means locally equals 0
cm at the location of the clamping projections, of course.
[0014] The cladding that can be installed by means of the method according to the invention
may also be in the form of a strip-shaped material. Depending on the orientation in
which the strip-shaped cladding material is to be installed, it may be advantageous
if elongated further fixing means oriented parallel to each other are connected to
the fixing means on the side of the fixing means remote from the supporting surface
between step B and step C, wherein the further fixing means are oriented at least
substantially perpendicular to the fixing means and wherein the dry wall cladding
is fixed to said further fixing means during step C. The invention does not require
a direct connection of the cladding to the fixing elements, therefore, but the connection
between the fixing means and the cladding may also be realised indirectly, for example
via the aforesaid further fixing means.
[0015] The method according to the invention can be used advantageously in particular if
the supporting surface forms the inner leaf of a building and the cladding forms the
outer leaf of the building. Alternative uses are also conceivable, however, for example
cladding an overhanging part of a building on the bottom side thereof.
[0016] The method according to the invention can furthermore be used advantageously if the
supporting surface consists of a stone-like material.
[0017] According to a second aspect of the invention, there is provided an insulation panel
as described above, more specifically for use in a method wherein the foam-like insulation
panels are already provided with the brackets upon fixation of the insulation panels
to the supporting surface according to step A. The insulation panel according to the
invention is defined in claim 5. By fitting insulation panels with a bracket as described
above, connecting the bracket to the insulation panel can take place in an efficient
manner in a production environment rather than at a building location, i.e. "in situ".
The insulation panel is provided with a number of aligned brackets on the side of
the first panel surface. After all, in practice the alignment of the brackets can
take place more quickly and also more precisely in a production environment than at
a building location.
[0018] A solid connection between the bracket and an elongate fixing means, such as a wooden
lath or a metal section, can be realised in a simple manner if each bracket comprises
two spaced-apart connecting legs for accommodating at least part of an elongated fixing
means therebetween. Such a bracket will also be better capable of absorbing the bending
moment resulting from the weight of the cladding.
[0019] Positioning an elongated fixing means between the two connecting legs before connecting
the elongated fixing means to the two connecting legs will be easier if the two connecting
legs include an angle of 1 - 20 degrees with each other.
[0020] A constructionally advantageous embodiment is obtained if the brackets are U-shaped,
or at least comprise a U-shaped part, and the two spaced-apart connecting legs in
part define the U-shape.
[0021] For connecting an elongated fixing means to the at least one connecting leg it is
preferable if at least one round mounting hole is provided in the at least one connecting
leg. Through such a fixing role a screw can be inserted, for example.
[0022] In order to make easy alignment of the elongated fixing means possible, it is advantageous
if a number of round mounting holes are provided in the at least one connecting leg
at various transverse positions of the insulation panel. The term "transverse direction"
is to be understood to mean the cross direction or, in other words, the thickness
direction, of the insulation panel.
[0023] In another preferred embodiment, at least one slotted hole extending at least partially
in transverse direction is provided in the at least one connecting leg. Such a slotted
hole could be used advantageously, for example, for pre-positioning an elongated fixing
means before definitively connecting the same to the connecting leg.
[0024] If the at least one bracket has a surface which is oriented parallel to the first
panel surface, in which surface at least one further mounting hole is provided, said
further mounting hole can be utilised very usefully for connecting the insulation
panel to the supporting surface therethrough, using an elongated connecting means,
such as a hammer plug, as a result of which the connection between the insulation
panel and the brackets is moreover strengthened.
[0025] Providing the insulation panel with at least one recess on the side of the first
panel surface, at the location of which recess the at least one bracket is provided,
achieves that the bracket can be slightly recessed in the insulation panel. This has
a positive effect on the overall depth. The loss of insulation value for the insulation
panel resulting from the presence of the recess can be compensated by making the insulation
panel slightly thicker. The extent to which the insulation panel must be made thicker
will usually be smaller in practice than the extent to which the bracket is recessed.
Thus a net decrease of the overall depth of the combination of the insulation panel
and the associated bracket(s) is realised in this preferred embodiment.
[0026] It is advantageous if the at least one connecting leg, insofar as it extends within
the recess, is clear of material of the insulation panel on two opposite sides of
the connecting leg for positioning a fixing means on one side of the connecting leg
and connecting the fixing means to the connecting leg via the opposite side of the
connecting leg. This can be realised, for example, if the at least one recess has
a bottom and the recess widens, seen in cross-sectional view, from the bottom to the
side of the first panel surface. Said widening can be very usefully utilised in practice
for keeping some space open on the side of the connecting leg remote from an elongate
fixing means for fitting connecting means such as screws from that side for fastening
the elongate fixing means to the connecting leg. The recess may comprise at least
one sloping flank or a curved flank, for example, for realising the aforesaid widening.
[0027] According to another preferred embodiment, the material of which the insulation panel
in the direct vicinity of the at least one bracket, i.e. in the direct vicinity of
the at least one recess in the case of a recess as described above for a preferred
embodiment, is made may be different from the material of which the insulation panel
outside said direct vicinity is made. The difference may concern the colour of the
material, for example. With a view to cutting an insulation panel to size or, in general,
working the insulation panel it is thus possible to indicate visually in which areas
any "hidden" parts of the bracket in question extend. Furthermore it is possible to
select a higher insulation value for the material of the insulation panel in the direct
vicinity of the bracket so as to compensate for the reduced thickness.
[0028] In particular if a recess as described above for a preferred embodiment is used,
it may also be very advantageous, precisely because of the reduced thickness of the
insulation panel at the location of the recess and because of the fact that the load
of the cladding is transmitted via the brackets, if the material of which the insulation
panel in the direct vicinity of the at least one bracket/recess is made has a higher
compression strength than the material of which the insulation panel outside said
direct vicinity is made.
[0029] To limit the overall depth it may also be very advantageous if the insulation panel
is provided with at least one continuous groove on the side of the first panel surface
for accommodating an elongated fixing means at least partially, preferably only partially,
therein. The fixing means may thus be entirely or partially recessed in the insulation
panel. In the latter case, in which part of the fixing means extends on the outer
side of the first panel surface, therefore, a wall cavity can be realised in a simple
manner between the cladding and the first panel surface of the insulation panel.
[0030] Preferably, the at least one recess forms part of the at least one continuous groove.
[0031] It is furthermore preferable in that regard if the at least one recess is deeper
than the continuous groove. Thus it can be achieved that the space available seen
in transverse cross-section for the elongated fixing means within the recess at least
equals the space that is available for the fixing means in the groove, in spite of
the presence of the bracket and of any connecting means, such as a hammer plug, by
means of which the bracket is connected to the insulation panel and to the supporting
surface.
[0032] If the continuous groove is provided with lateral projections on opposite sides,
said lateral projections can be used for clampingly accommodating an elongated connecting
means therebetween during the alignment of the connecting means and before the connecting
means is definitively connected to at least one connecting leg of a bracket. Moreover,
the lateral projections can help prevent the elongated connecting means, which will
not always be or remain dead straight in practice, from coming into contact with a
side wall of the groove. This would interfere with good ventilation around the connecting
means, which is advantageous in particular if connecting means in the form of wooden
laths are used, so that there will be a greater risk of an accelerated deterioration
of the quality of the connecting means over time.
[0033] For comparable reasons as regards obtaining a good ventilation around the connecting
means it may also be advantageous if the continuous groove is provided with a number
of bottom projections in the bottom of the groove.
[0034] For production reasons it is preferable if the lateral projections or the bottom
projections form an integral part of the insulation panel. Attaching the projections
in question separately will not be necessary in that case.
[0035] In particular if a continuous groove and a recess as described above are used, it
is preferable if the free end of the at least one connecting leg is located on the
outer side of the first panel surface. In practice it has been found that it is possible
in that case to obtain a satisfactory compromise between the aim to achieve a minimum
overall depth and the aim to achieve a minimum material usage. Moreover, positioning
connecting means at right angles for connecting fixing means to the connecting legs
will be possible in that case.
[0036] Positioning insulation panels correctly against a supporting surface will be easier
if the insulation panel is provided with at least one first connecting part and at
least one second connecting part, respectively, on the circumferential sides of at
least one pair of two opposite circumferential side, wherein, the position and the
configuration of first connecting parts and second connecting parts of adjacent insulation
panels are adapted to suit each other upon use of the insulation panels so as to achieve
a correct alignment of adjacent insulation panels with each other.
[0037] Preferably, a first connecting part and the second connecting part of adjacent insulation
panels are designed for being snapped together. The snap connection provides a certain
extent of mutual fixation of adjacent insulation panels, which makes it easier to
fix the insulation panels correctly to a supporting surface.
[0038] In particular if the insulation panel is provided with continuous grooves it is advantageous
if the first connecting part and the second connecting part are designed to prevent
the two associated insulation panels from shifting relative to each other in the longitudinal
direction of the boundary surface in a snapped-together position of the first connecting
part and the second connecting part. Thus it is readily possible to align the continuous
grooves of adjacent insulation panels with each other.
[0039] For constructional reasons it is preferable in that case if the first connecting
part and the second connecting part associated with an insulation panel are provided
at the opposite ends of a continuous groove.
[0040] In order to make it possible to connect the at least one bracket to the insulation
panel, the at least one bracket is preferably provided with at least one connecting
leg had extends into the material of the insulation panel. In principle it is thus
not necessary to use separate connecting elements or connecting means for connecting
the at least one bracket to the insulation panel.
[0041] With a view to achieving an optimally efficient production process it is advantageous
if a connection is effected between the insulation panel and the at least one bracket
during the production process of the insulation panel. A separate production step
will not be needed in that case.
[0042] According to a third aspect of the invention, there is provided a method for producing
an insulation panel according to the invention as described in the foregoing, more
specifically a method for producing an insulation panel which comprises a connecting
leg that extends into the material of the insulation panel. The method according to
the invention comprises the steps of
K engaging means engaging the outwardly directed end of the at least one connecting
leg of a bracket with engaging elements thereof,
L positioning means positioning the engaging means in such a manner that the at least
one connecting part extends into a mould space,
M introducing plastic material into the mould space,
N causing the plastic material inside the mould space to form into an insulation panel,
wherein the at least one connecting part is at least partially surrounded by the formed
plastic material for providing the insulation material with the bracket,
O removing the insulation panel provided with the bracket from the mould space.
The advantage of the method according to the invention is that during the production
of the insulation panel a separate connecting step for effecting a connection between
the bracket and the insulation panel is not needed after completion of the production
of insulation panels.
[0043] The method according to the invention is quite suitable for use with insulation panels
made on the basis of a foamable material. A preferred embodiment is therefore characterised
in that the plastic material according to step M is a foamable material and in that
causing the plastic material to form in accordance with step N comprises forming a
foam of the foamable material. Examples of such materials include: PS, PPO, PUR, PIR,
PET, EPP, EPE, PLA, EPS or combinations thereof. The aforesaid materials in particular
comprise one or more additives for providing flame-retardant properties, for example
graphite, carbon black, aluminium powder, AI(OH)3, Mg(OH)2, Al2O3, iron, zinc, copper
and alloys thereof. Special examples of flame retardants also include chromium compounds
or bromated polymer compounds, in particular hexabromocyclododecane (HBCD) and/or
bromated polystyrene compounds. So-called processing aids include polyphosphate compounds,
diphenyl phosphonate, bisphenol A-bis(diphenyl phosphate) and resorcinol aromatic
polyphosphate compounds or one or more of the aforesaid compounds.
[0044] Alternatively, the invention is also suitable for use with insulation panels made
of the basis of another type of plastic material. The invention is in particular suitable
for the processing of plastic material that hardens during the production of the plastic
material, a process that is also referred to as curing. Accordingly, another preferred
embodiment is characterised in that causing the plastic material to form according
to step N concerns the curing of the plastic material. Such durable plastic materials
are thermally cured to obtain a solid material, viz. through heating or radiation,
for example actinic radiation, in particular electron beam radiation. Such curable
materials are liquid and consequently they can be readily poured into moulds having
"complex" shapes. After the mould cavity has been filled with the liquid plastic material,
the bracket is placed in the liquid, whereupon curing of the material by means of
the aforesaid method takes place.
[0045] An efficient method can be obtained if during step M the engaging elements define
part of the shape of the mould space. Thus there is no need for separate means for
closing an opening in the mould wall that is necessary for introducing the bracket
into the mould space, but closing the opening in question can be done by means of
the engaging elements.
[0046] In that situation the engaging elements can also function excellently for creating
a recess in the first panel surface in accordance with an above-discussed preferred
embodiment of an insulation panel according to the invention. Within this framework
it is preferable if the mould space is in part defined by two parallel mould wall
parts for forming the first panel wall and the second panel wall respectively, of
an insulation panel or at least part thereof against said wall parts, wherein the
engaging elements extend within the space defined between the two parallel mould wall
parts during step M for forming a recess side of the first panel wall at the location
of the at least one bracket.
[0047] The bracket can be advantageously released by the engaging elements if the engaging
elements that extend within the space defined between the two parallel malt wall parts
are pivotable about respective pivot axes between an engaging position and the releasing
position, and if the engaging elements have an arcuate circumference on the side where
they define part of the mould space, with the pivot axes being located in the centre
of such an arcuate shape.
[0048] The invention will be explained in more detail hereinafter with reference to embodiments
- not to be interpreted as limitative to the invention - with reference being had
to the following figures.
Figure 1 is an isometric view of the structure of an outside wall of a building;
Figure 2 is a perspective view of an insulation panel as used in figure 1;
Figure 3 is an isometric view of a bracket as used in the insulation panel shown in
figure 2, which comprises four such brackets;
Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view of the insulation panel shown in figure 2;
Figure 5 is a detail view of figure 4;
Figure 6 is a top plan view of figure 5;
Figures 7a and 7b schematically show two unconnected insulation panels and two connected
insulation panels positioned one on top of the other, respectively;
Figure 8 schematically shows two unconnected insulation panels positioned beside each
other;
Figures 9a-9h schematically show in horizontal view successive stages during the production
of an insulation panel according to the invention; and
Figures 10a and 10b show two successive stages during the production of an alternative
insulation panel according to the invention.
[0049] Figure 1 shows an outside wall of a building with an inner leaf 1 in the form of
a brick wall 1 and an outer leaf built up of strips 5. The brick wall 1 is a structural
surface which is flat, at least substantially so, on the side facing the strips 5.
The structural nature of the brick wall 1 implies that the load that acts on the outer
leaf 5, for example due to the wind and also due to the weight of the strips 5, is
deflected to the foundation of the building in question via the brick wall 1.
[0050] Present between the brick wall 1 and the strips 5 is an insulated supporting structure.
Said supporting structure comprises insulation panels 2, which are arranged in stretcher
bond against the wall 1. The supporting structure further comprises evenly spaced
horizontal wooden laths 3 and vertical wooden laths 4, which are likewise evenly spaced.
The vertical laths 4 are connected to the horizontal laths 3 by connecting means such
as screws or nails. The strips 5 are likewise connected to the vertical laths 4 by
connecting means such as screws or nails. The horizontal laths 3 are in turn connected
to the insulation panels 2 via brackets 15 (yet to be discussed).
[0051] Figure 2 is a more detailed view of an insulation panel 2. The insulation panel 2
a rectangular in shape and has two opposite panel surfaces 11a, 11b (see also figures
4 and 5) and two pairs of opposites circumferential sides 12a, 12b and 13a, 13b. In
the panel surface 11a, which faces the cladding 5 in installed condition, two continuous
grooves 14 are provided in the longitudinal direction of the panel 2 at one quarter
and three quarters of the width of the panel 2. Each of the grooves 14 has two opposite
side walls 17 and a bottom 18. Lateral projections 31 are provided on the two opposite
side walls 17 of the grooves 14, whilst bottom projections 32 are provided on the
bottom 18 of the grooves 14.
[0052] Besides the two grooves 14, the insulation panel 2 is provided with four recesses
16, at the location of which the insulation panel 2 is provided with the aforesaid
brackets 15. The recesses 16 and, accordingly, the brackets 15 are provided in a staggered
pattern, with each of the grooves 14 crossing two recesses 16. The recesses 16 thus
form part of the grooves 14, as it were. The recesses 16 are cup-shaped, at least
substantially so, seen in cross-sectional view.
[0053] The insulation panel 2 comprises projecting edges 41, 51 on the circumferential sides
12a and 13a, respectively, and grooves 42 and 52 on the circumferential sides 12b
and 13b, respectively (see also figure 8). As shown in figures 7a and 7b, the grooves
42 are provided with a slightly rounded recess in their corners (44), whilst the projecting
edges 41 are slightly widened with a slight convexity at the location of their corners.
The shapes and the dimensions of the projecting edges 41 and the grooves 42 (like
those of the projecting edges 51 and the grooves 52) are adapted to suit each other,
such that they can snap together. This is advantageous not only upon placement of
the insulation panels, as will become apparent hereinafter, but also from the viewpoint
of the insulating function of the insulation panels 2. Using the snap connection,
adjacent insulation panels 2 can be fixed in place temporarily whilst a closed seam
is created, so that the insulating effect of the insulation panels will be maintained
also at the location of the seams between adjacent insulation panels.
[0054] As is clearly visible in particular in figures 2 and 8, the projecting edge 51 on
the circumferential side13a is interrupted at the location indicated at 53, in line
with the grooves 14. At the opposite ends of the grooves 14, the grooves 52 on the
contrary comprise a part which is less recessed, at the location indicated at 54,
so that adjacent insulation panels can slightly fit together at the location of the
continuous grooves 14, preventing them from moving with respect to each other in a
direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the grooves 14. In this way
a correct alignment of insulation panels 2 located adjacent to each other can be ensured.
[0055] Figure 3 shows one of the four brackets 15 with which the insulation panel 2 is provided.
Each bracket 15 comprises a U-shaped part provided with two connecting legs 21 and
a back part 22. The connecting legs 21 diverge slightly, for example at an angle of
10 degrees, so as to facilitate the placement therebetween of a lath 3, as will become
clear hereinafter. Each of the connecting legs 21 comprises a number of round mounting
holes 24, which are provided at different transverse positions, as well as slotted
holes 25, which extend in transverse direction. The concept "transverse" as used within
this context must be considered in relation to the form of the insulation panel 2.
A mounting hole 26 is furthermore centrally provided in the back part 22 (see figure
6). The bracket 15 also comprises four connecting legs 23. It can be readily appreciated
that the bracket 15 can be formed of a flat plate in a relatively simple manner by
making four cuts and bending over the connecting legs 21.
[0056] The brackets 15 are locally provided with a recess 16, such that the U-shape of the
bracket is in line with the associated groove 14. The bottom of the recess 16 lies
deeper than the bottom 18 of the groove 14, so that the back part 22 is located below
the level of the bottom 18 of the groove 14.
[0057] As is also shown in figure 5, the recess 16 has sloping flanks 19 on the outer sides
of the connecting legs 21, which flanks are comparatively slightly arcuate in shape.
Thus, space is available for screwing (or hammering) connecting means, such as screws
or nails, from the outer side of the connecting legs 21, via one or a number of the
holes 24, 25, into a lath or the like that is positioned between two connecting legs
21 of a bracket 15. The connecting legs 23 extend into the material of the insulation
panel 2, as is clearly shown in particular in figure 5. Thus a connection exists between
the bracket 15 in question and the insulation panel 2. The manner in which insulation
panels 2 provided with such brackets 15 can be produced will be explained yet with
reference to figures 9a et seq.
[0058] The cladding 5 is fixed to the wall 1 as follows. Insulation panels 2 are placed
against the wall 1, in such a manner that the panel surface 11a faces away from the
wall 1 and the grooves 14 extend horizontally. Then the insulation panels 2 are fixed
to the wall 1 by means of hammer plugs, which are hammered through the mounting holes
26 into the wall 1 via the material of the insulation panel 2. To that end holes are
of course pre-drilled in the insulation panel 2 and the wall 1 via the mounting holes
26. The insulation panels 2 are thus fixed to the wall row by row, with the adjacent
insulation panels 2 being correctly positioned relative to each other by means of
the snap connection as described in the foregoing before fixation takes place. The
grooves 14 of rows of insulation panels 2 arranged above each other are spaced an
equal distance apart, for example a distance of 30 cm or 60 cm.
[0059] As a next step, the horizontal laths 3 are placed into the grooves 14 and between
the connecting legs 21 of the associated brackets 15. The dimensions of the laths
3 are adapted to those of the lateral projections 31, so that the laths 3 can be clamped
therebetween. This significantly simplifies the alignment of the laths 3. Such alignment
may be necessary, for example because the wall 1 is not completely flat or because
laths 3 are not quite straight. Alignment is important in order to ensure that eventually
the cladding 5 is flat over the entire surface of the wall 1. In case the lateral
projections 31 should provide insufficient clamping force, it will also be possible
to effect a provisional connection between the brackets 15 and the lath 3 by turning
a screw into the lath 3 via the slotted hole 25, so that alignment perpendicular to
the wall 1 remains possible. Once the laths 3, which may extend over several insulation
panels 2, are correctly aligned, the laths 3 are definitively connected to the brackets
15 and thus to the insulation panel 2 by turning screws into the laths 3 via the mounting
holes 24. The bottom projections 32 function as stop members in that case so as to
ensure that the laths 3 will remain clear of the bottom 18 of the grooves 14. The
lateral projections 31 have a comparable function, viz. to prevent the laths 3 from
coming into contact with the side walls 17. Thus, ventilation around the laths 3 is
possible, which has an advantageous effect on the life of the laths 3. The height
of the projections 31, 33 may be about 5 mm, for example.
[0060] After the grooves 4, or at least a necessary part thereof, have been provided with
the laths 3 in the above-described manner, vertical laths 4 are screwed against the
horizontal laths 3 at regular intervals. Finally, horizontally oriented cladding strips
5 are in turn fixed to the vertical laths 4, for example by means of screws or nails.
The method as described in the foregoing can be carried out relatively quickly and
yet precisely, possibly by one person.
[0061] Alternatively it is possible within the framework of the present invention to orient
the cladding strips vertically and fix them directly to the horizontally oriented
laths 3. In that case no use is made of laths 4, therefore. Furthermore it is alternatively
also possible to fix the insulation panels 2 to the wall 1 in a position turned through
90 degrees, so that the grooves 4 and logically also the laths 3 will extend in vertical
direction. In this way it becomes possible to fix horizontally oriented cladding strips
5 directly to the vertical laths 3. Thus it is not necessary within the framework
of the invention to connect cladding made up of cladding strips 5 to laths such as
the laths 3, which are connected to the brackets 15, via an additional layer of laths
such as the laths 4.
[0062] Schematic figures 9a-9h show how an insulation panel 2 can be made. In these figures
the insulation panel 2 is shown in simplified form, viz. with only one recess 16,
one bracket 15 and one groove 14, which is provided in the centre of the width of
the insulation panel 2. For producing the same, use is made of a first mould part
61 and a second mould part 68. The first mould part 61 has a closed steam chamber
62 which is surrounded by, inter-alia, the mould wall 77. Furthermore, the first mould
part 61 comprises a pulling part 63 that can move up and down relative to the steam
chamber 62 as indicated by the double arrow 78. The pulling part 63 is tubular in
shape and has four walls 64, which, like the mould wall 77, are porous to steam. The
first mould part 61 further comprises upright mould walls 65, which determine the
eventual circumference of the insulation panel 2. Because of the schematic nature
of figures 9a-9h, the mould walls 65 are not shown to be provided with the grooves
or edges that are needed for forming the above-described edges and grooves on/in the
circumference of the insulation panel 2. The mould walls 65 may to that end also be
provided with moving parts so as to make the final release of an insulation panel
2 possible.
[0063] The second mould part 68 likewise comprises a steam chamber 76 which is surrounded
by, inter alia, a mould wall 66 that is porous to steam. The mould part 68 further
comprises two clamping elements 70, which can pivot toward and away from each other
about a pivot 69. Provided between the clamping elements 70 is a clamping block 72,
which is provided with a sensor 73 on the side facing the first mould part 61. Each
of the clamping elements 70 has an arcuate outer surface 71, a centre of which arcuate
shape coincides with the pivot 69, and straight clamping surfaces 75 on the side facing
the clamping block 72. Like the clamping block 72, the clamping elements 70 extend
partially within a central opening that is provided in the mould wall 66. The shape
of the circumferential edge of the central opening conforms to that of the arcuate
outer surface 71 of the clamping elements 70, so that the size of the gap between
the clamping elements 70 and the circumferential edge of the central opening in the
mould walls 66 will remain constant upon pivoting of the clamping elements about the
pivot 69. Preferably, said gap is as small as possible so as to prevent plastic material
from escaping from the mould space 76 via the gap, as will become clear hereinafter.
[0064] The production of an insulation panel 2 can take place as follows: a bracket 15 is
positioned straight above the clamping block 72 by means of a robot arm 74 (figure
9a) and subsequently moved in the direction of the clamping block 72, with the sensor
73 at some point signalling the presence of the bracket 15. The clamping block 72
has the shape of the space defined by the U-shaped part of the brackets 15. After
the presence of the brackets 15 at the location of the clamping block 17 has been
signalled by means of the sensor 73 (figure 9b), the clamping elements 17 will close
by pivoting toward each other about the pivot 69 (figure 9c). In said closed position,
the clamping surfaces 75 of the clamping elements 70 extend parallel to the lateral
surfaces of the clamping block 72, and the connecting legs 21 of the bracket 15 are
clamped (at least for the larger part) between the respective clamping elements 70
and the clamping block 72 (figure 9c). The robot arm 74 disconnects from the bracket
15 and moves to pick up a new bracket 15. The mould part 61 then moves toward the
mould part 68, so that a mould space 76 is formed. The mould space 76 is defined by
the mould walls 77, 66 and 65, but also by a part of the curved sides 71 of the clamping
elements 70 and a part of the bracket 15 (figure 9d). The mould part 76 extends over
the entire thickness of the final insulation panel 2. Besides, the pulling part 63
is moved in the direction of the second mould part 68 relative to the first mould
part 61. As a result, the walls 64 surround the direct vicinity of the bracket 15
within the mould space 76.
[0065] After the closed mould space 76 has been formed, a foamable plastic material, such
as EPS, for example, is supplied to the mould space 76, as indicated by the arrows
81 and 82, by supply means not shown.
[0066] The properties of the plastic material being supplied as indicated by the arrow 82
to the mould space 76 inside the cylinder formed by the walls 64 are different, for
example as regards colour or compression strength of the material after foaming thereof,
from those of the plastic material being supplied as indicated by the arrows 81 to
the mould space 76 on the outer side of the walls 64. Figure 9e shows the situation
thus obtained.
[0067] Subsequently steam is added from the steam spaces 62 and 67 to the mould spaces 76
via the porous mould walls 66 and 77, as indicated by the arrows 83, causing the plastic
material inside the mould spaces 76 to foam. Once the mould space 76 is completely
filled with foamed material, the pulling part 63 is pulled up, so that the walls 64
are removed from the mould space 76. Due to the high temperature, the foamed material
that was initially present within the walls 64 will bond to the plastic material that
was initially present outside the walls 64 (figure 9f). It should be noted that in
the foregoing mention has consistently been made of foaming by means of steam. In
certain embodiments it is also possible, however, to use hot air or a combination
of hot air and steam. However, the present invention is by no means limited to the
use of steam as a heat source.
[0068] In one embodiment it is furthermore possible to use a plastic material that assumes
a "solid" form upon being subjected to a thermal treatment or a radiation treatment.
In such an embodiment a mould space is used into which the still liquid plastic material
is first introduced, for example by pouring or via supply lines, whereupon the intended
curing or hardening step is carried out.
[0069] In the embodiment in which the liquid or viscous mixture comprises a polyurethane
(PUR) foam, polyol mixed with activators and other components, for example, is supplied
via a supply line, with isocyanate being supplied via another supply line. The aforesaid
flows, viz. the polyol mixture and isocyanate, come into contact with each other in
the mould space, whereupon a homogeneous mixture is formed in the mould space, with
the resulting chemical reaction turning the mixture turns into the intended foam.
In a similar manner it is also possible to obtain a PIR (polyisocyanate) foam. Subsequently
the mould part 61 moves away from the mould part 68 again (figure 9g), with an insulation
panel 2 being formed from the plastic material that was initially present in the mould
space 76. The material in question extends over the entire thickness of the insulation
panel 2. Said insulation panel 2 is provided with the bracket 15 because the connecting
legs 23 extend into the material of the insulation panel 2. Located in the direct
vicinity of the bracket 15 is a zone 92 within which the foamed plastic material has
different properties, for example a higher compression strength, than within the zone
93 that is located outside the zone 92.
[0070] After the clamping elements 70 have opened by pivoting away from the clamping block
72, the insulation panel 2 can be picked up by means of a manipulator 85. Because
of the fact that the curved sides 71 of the clamping elements 70 have in part defined
the mould space 76, a recess 16 having curved flanks 19 on the outer side of the connecting
legs 21 (figure 9h) exists at the location of the bracket 15.
[0071] Figures 10a and 10b relate to a method for producing an alternative type of insulation
panel 2', viz. an insulation panel which does not comprise a recess. In these figures
the first mould part 61, or at least a mould part having a comparable function, is
not shown. Figure 10a is comparable to figures 9d and 9e. The mould space 101 is closed,
and according to the method the plastic material and also the steam are subsequently
supplied. The clamp 15', whose connecting legs 23' include an angle with each other
rather than being in line like the connecting legs 23, extend into the mould space
101. In figure 10a the two connecting legs 21 of the bracket 2' are clamped between
the clamping elements 104, 105 of two respective pairs of clamping elements 104, 105
which are provided at the location of an opening 110 in the mould wall 102. The clamping
elements 104, 105 form part of a composite clamping body 108, which also comprises
a guide 107 along which the clamping elements 104, 105 can slide toward and away from
each other. Centrally provided in the mould wall 102 is a clamping block 109 with
a sensor 103. The clamping block 109 has sloping sliding flanks 111, whilst the circumference
of the central opening also has sloping sliding flanks 112, at least in part. Pairs
of sliding flanks 111, 112 located on one side of the clamping block 109 define a
V shape whose point is directed toward the mould space 101. The clamping elements
104, 105 of a pair of clamping elements tend to move away from each other under the
influence of spring action (not shown). By moving the clamping body 108 in the direction
indicated by the arrow 112 with respect to the mould wall 102, starting from the situation
shown in figure 10a, a situation as shown in figure 10b is obtained. The ends of the
clamping elements 104, 105 of the respective pairs have moved away from each other
along the guide 107. The clamping engagement of the connecting legs 21 by the clamping
elements 104, 105 has thus been lost. By moving the clamping body in the direction
opposite that of the arrow 112 with respect to the mould wall 102 after a new bracket
15' has been placed at the position shown in figures 10a again by means of a manipulator
(not shown in figures 10a or 10b), such as a robot arm 74, and the sensor 103 has
confirmed the presence of the new bracket 15', the new bracket 15' is clamped again
for producing a next insulation panel 2'.
1. A method for installing dry cladding (5) on a flat structural surface (1),
characterized in that the method comprises the successive steps of
A effecting the fixation of foam-like insulation panels (2) to a flat structural surface
(1) of a building, wherein aligned brackets (15) are provided on the side of the insulation
panels (2) remote from the supporting surface, each bracket (15) having at least one
connecting leg (21) that is directed outward, at least substantially perpendicular
to the supporting surface, and wherein the foam-like insulation panels (2) are already
provided with the brackets (15) upon fixation of the insulation panels (2) to the
supporting surface,
B connecting fixing means (3) oriented parallel to each other to the at least one
connecting leg of the brackets,
C connecting the dry wall cladding (5) to the fixing means (3) on the side remote
from the supporting surface.
2. A method according to claim 1, wherein the insulation panels are provided with continuous
grooves (14) and wherein the insulation panels are connected to the supporting surface
in such a manner during step A that continuous grooves of adjacent insulation panels
are in line, and wherein the fixing means are connected to the connecting legs of
the brackets in such a manner during step B that the fixing means will extend at least
partially into the continuous grooves.
3. A method according to claim 1, wherein the insulation panels are provided with continuous
grooves and wherein the insulation panels are connected to the supporting surface
in such a manner during step A that continuous grooves of adjacent insulation panels
are in line, and wherein the fixing means are connected to the connecting legs of
the brackets in such a manner during step B that the fixing means will extend directly
above the continuous grooves without extending into said grooves, wherein preferably
the fixing means will be at least substantially clear of the walls of the grooves
after step B.
4. A method according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the supporting surface,
which preferably consists of a stone-like material, forms the inner leaf of a building
and the cladding forms the outer leaf of the building.
5. An insulation panel for use in a method according to any one of claims 1-4, wherein
the foam-like insulation panel (2) comprises a first panel surface (11a) and a second
panel surface (11b) located opposite the first panel surface (11a), and wherein the
insulation panel (2) is provided with a number of aligned brackets (15) on the side
of the first panel surface (11a), each bracket (15) comprising at least one outwardly
directed connecting leg (21) oriented at least substantially perpendicular to the
first panel surface (11a), each bracket (15) being provided with at least one further
connecting leg (23) which extends into the material of the insulation panel (2), being
connected therewith, which connections between the insulation panel (2) and each bracket
(15) have been effected during the production process of the insulation panel.
6. An insulation panel according to claim 5, wherein each bracket comprises two spaced-apart
connecting legs for accommodating at least part of an elongated fixing means there
between.
7. An insulation panel according to claim 6, wherein the brackets (15) are U-shaped or
at least comprise a U-shaped part, and wherein the two spaced-apart connecting legs
in part define the U-shape.
8. An insulation panel according to any one of claims 5 - 7, wherein the insulation panel
is provided with at least one recess (16) on the side of the first panel surface,
at the location of which recess the at least one bracket is provided, wherein preferably
the at least one connecting leg (21), insofar as it extends within the recess (16),
is clear of material of the insulation panel on two opposite sides of the connecting
leg for positioning a fixing means (3) on one side of the connecting leg and connecting
the fixing means to the connecting leg via the opposite side of the connecting leg.
9. An insulation panel according to any one of claims 5 - 8, wherein the material of
which the insulation panel in the direct vicinity of the at least one bracket is made
is different from the material of which the insulation panel outside said direct vicinity
is made, preferably at least in that the material of which the insulation panel in
the direct vicinity of the at least one bracket is made has a higher compression strength
than the material of which the insulation panel outside said direct vicinity is made.
10. An insulation panel according to any one of claims 5 - 9, wherein the insulation panel
is provided with at least one continuous groove (14) on the side of the first panel
surface for accommodating an elongated fixing means (3) at least partially, preferably
only partially, therein.
11. An insulation panel according to any one of claims 5 - 10, wherein the insulation
panel is provided with at least one first connecting part (41) and at least one second
connecting part (42), respectively, on the two circumferential sides of at least one
pair of two opposite circumferential sides, wherein the position and the configuration
of first connecting parts and second connecting parts of adjacent insulation panels
are adapted to suit each other in use of the insulation panels so as to achieve a
correct alignment of adjacent insulation panels with each other, wherein a first connecting
part and a second connecting part, respectively, of adjacent insulation panels are
designed for being snapped together.
12. A method for producing an insulation panel according to any one of claims 5 - 11,
comprising the steps of
K engaging means (70, 72) engaging an outwardly directed end of the at least one connecting
leg (21) of a bracket (15) with engaging elements thereof,
L positioning means positioning the engaging means in such a manner that the at least
one connecting part extends into a mould space (76),
M introducing plastic material into the mould space,
N causing the plastic material inside the mould space to form into an insulation panel
(2), wherein the at least one further connecting part (23) is at least partially surrounded
by the formed plastic material for providing the insulation material with the bracket
(15),
O removing the insulation panel (2) provided with the bracket (15) from the mould
space (76).
1. Verfahren zum Montieren von Trockenverkleidung (5) auf einer ebenen Gefügefläche (1),
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Verfahren die aufeinanderfolgenden Schritte umfasst:
A Bewirken der Befestigung schaumartiger Dämmplatten (2) an einer ebenen Gefügefläche
(1) eines Gebäudes, wobei ausgerichtete Halterungen (15) auf der Seite der Dämmplatten
(2) bereitgestellt sind, die sich entfernt von der Auflagefläche befindet, wobei jede
Halterung (15) mindestens ein Verbindungsteilstück (21) aufweist, das nach außen gerichtet
ist, mindestens im Wesentlichen senkrecht zu der Auflagefläche, und wobei die schaumartigen
Dämmplatten (2) zum Zeitpunkt der Befestigung der Dämmplatten (2) an der Auflagefläche
bereits mit den Halterungen (15) bereitgestellt sind,
B Verbinden von Befestigungsmitteln (3), die parallel zueinander ausgerichtet sind,
an dem mindestens einen Verbindungsteilstück der Halterungen, und
C Verbinden der Trockenwandverkleidung (5) mit den Befestigungsmitteln (3) auf der
Seite, die sich entfernt von der Auflagefläche befindet.
2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, wobei die Dämmplatten mit durchlaufenden Nuten (14) bereitgestellt
sind und wobei die Dämmplatten während des Schritts A auf solche Weise mit der Auflagefläche
verbunden werden, dass die durchlaufenden Nuten von benachbarten Dämmplatten auf einer
gemeinsamen Linie liegen, und wobei die Befestigungsmittel während des Schritts B
auf solche Weise mit den Verbindungsteilstücken der Halterungen verbunden werden,
dass sich die Befestigungsmittel mindestens teilweise in die durchlaufenden Nuten
erstrecken.
3. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, wobei die Dämmplatten mit durchlaufenden Nuten bereitgestellt
sind und wobei die Dämmplatten während des Schritts A auf solche Weise mit der Auflagefläche
verbunden werden, dass die durchlaufenden Nuten von benachbarten Dämmplatten auf einer
gemeinsamen Linie liegen, und wobei die Befestigungsmittel während des Schritts B
auf solche Weise mit den Verbindungsteilstücken der Halterungen verbunden werden,
dass sich die Befestigungsmittel direkt über die durchlaufenden Nuten erstrecken,
ohne sich in die Nuten hinein zu erstrecken, wobei die Befestigungsmittel nach Schritt
B bevorzugt mindestens im Wesentlichen abgesetzt von den Wänden der Nuten sind.
4. Verfahren nach einem der vorgehenden Ansprüche, wobei die Auflagefläche, die bevorzugt
aus einem steinartigen Material besteht, die Innenschale eines Gebäudes bildet und
die Verkleidung die Außenschale des Gebäudes bildet.
5. Dämmplatte zur Verwendung in einem Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, wobei
die schaumartige Dämmplatte (2) eine erste Plattenoberfläche (11a) und eine zweite
Plattenoberfläche (11b) umfasst, die sich gegenüber der ersten Plattenoberfläche (11a)
befindet, und wobei die Dämmplatte (2) mit mehreren ausgerichteten Halterungen (15)
auf der Seite der ersten Plattenoberfläche (11a) bereitgestellt ist, wobei jede Halterung
(15) mindestens ein nach außen gerichtetes Verbindungsteilstück (21) umfasst, das
mindestens im Wesentlichen senkrecht zu der ersten Plattenoberfläche (11a) ausgerichtet
ist, jede Halterung (15) mit mindestens einem weiteren Verbindungsteilstück (23) bereitgestellt
ist, das sich in das Material der Dämmplatte (2) erstreckt, damit verbunden ist, und
dessen Verbindungen zwischen der Dämmplatte (2) und jeder Halterung (15) während des
Produktionsprozesses der Dämmplatte bewirkt worden sind.
6. Dämmplatte nach Anspruch 5, wobei jede Halterung zwei räumlich getrennte Verbindungsteilstücke
zum Unterbringen mindestens eines Teils eines länglichen Befestigungsmittels dazwischen
umfasst.
7. Dämmplatte nach Anspruch 6, wobei die Halterungen (15) U-förmig sind oder mindestens
einen U-förmigen Teil umfassen und wobei die zwei räumlich getrennten Verbindungsteilstücke
teilweise die U-Form definieren.
8. Dämmplatte nach einem der Ansprüche 5 bis 7, wobei die Dämmplatte mit mindestens einer
Aussparung (16) auf der Seite der ersten Plattenoberfläche bereitgestellt ist, wobei
die mindestens eine Halterung an der Stelle dieser Aussparung bereitgestellt ist,
wobei bevorzugt das mindestens eine Verbindungsteilstück (21), soweit es sich in die
Aussparung (16) erstreckt, auf zwei gegenüberliegenden Seiten des Verbindungsteilstücks
frei vom Material der Dämmplatte ist, um ein Befestigungsmittel (3) auf einer Seite
des Verbindungsteilstücks zu positionieren und die Befestigungsmittel über die gegenüberliegende
Seite des Verbindungsteilstücks mit dem Verbindungsteilstück zu verbinden.
9. Dämmplatte nach einem der Ansprüche 5 bis 8, wobei sich das Material, aus dem die
Dämmplatte in der direkten Nähe der mindestens einen Halterung hergestellt ist, von
dem Material unterscheidet, aus dem die Dämmplatte außerhalb der direkten Nähe hergestellt
ist, bevorzugt mindestens insoweit, dass das Material, aus dem die Dämmplatte in der
direkten Nähe der mindestens einen Halterung hergestellt ist, eine höhere Druckfestigkeit
aufweist als das Material, aus dem die Dämmplatte außerhalb der direkten Nähe hergestellt
ist.
10. Dämmplatte nach einem der Ansprüche 5 bis 9, wobei die Dämmplatte mit mindestens einer
durchlaufenden Nut (14) auf der Seite der ersten Plattenoberfläche zum Unterbringen
eines länglichen Befestigungsmittels (3) mindestens teilweise, bevorzugt nur teilweise,
darin bereitgestellt ist.
11. Dämmplatte nach einem der Ansprüche 5 bis 10, wobei die Dämmplatte mit mindestens
einem ersten Verbindungsteil (41) beziehungsweise mindestens einem zweiten Verbindungsteil
(42) auf den zwei Umfangsseiten des mindestens einen Paares zweier gegenüberliegender
Umfangsseiten bereitgestellt ist, wobei die Position und die Konfiguration der ersten
Verbindungssteile und zweiten Verbindungsteile von benachbarten Dämmplatten so angepasst
sind, dass sie bei der Verwendung der Dämmplatten zueinander passen, um eine korrekte
Ausrichtung benachbarter Dämmplatten zueinander zu erreichen, wobei ein erstes Verbindungsteil
beziehungsweise ein zweites Verbindungsteil von benachbarten Dämmplatten dafür ausgelegt
sind, zusammengeschnappt zu werden.
12. Verfahren zur Produktion einer Dämmplatte nach einem der Ansprüche 5 bis 11, das die
folgenden Schritte umfasst:
K Verriegelungsmittel (70, 72), die ein nach außen gerichtetes Ende des mindestens
einen Verbindungsteilstücks (21) einer Halterung (15) mit Verriegelungselementen davon
verriegeln,
L Positionierungsmittel, die die Verriegelungsmittel auf solche Weise positionieren,
dass sich das mindestens eine Verbindungsteil in einen Gießformraum (76) erstreckt,
M Einführen von Kunststoffmaterial in den Gießformraum,
N Bewirken, dass sich das Kunststoffmaterial im Inneren des Gießformraums in eine
Dämmplatte (2) formt, wobei das mindestens eine weitere Verbindungsteil (23) mindestens
teilweise von dem geformten Kunststoffmaterial umgeben ist, um das Dämmmaterial mit
der Halterung (15) bereitzustellen, und
O Entnehmen der Dämmplatte (2), die mit der Halterung (15) bereitgestellt ist, aus
dem Gießformraum (76).
1. Procédé pour installer un revêtement sec (5) sur une surface structurelle plate (1),
caractérisé en ce que le procédé comprend les étapes successives consistant :
A à effectuer la fixation de panneaux isolants (2) sous forme de mousse sur une surface
structurelle plate (1) d'un bâtiment, où des attaches alignées (15) sont prévues sur
le côté des panneaux isolants (2) éloigné de la surface de support, chaque attache
(15) ayant au moins une branche de raccordement (21) dirigée vers l'extérieur, au
moins sensiblement perpendiculaire à la surface de support, et où les panneaux isolants
(2) sous forme de mousse sont déjà pourvus d'attaches (15) lors de la fixation des
panneaux isolants (2) sur la surface de support,
B à relier des moyens de fixation (3) orientés parallèlement les uns aux autres à
l'au moins une branche de raccordement des attaches,
C à relier le revêtement mural sec (5) aux moyens de fixation (3) sur le côté éloigné
de la surface de support.
2. Procédé selon la revendication 1, dans lequel les panneaux isolants sont pourvus de
rainures continues (14) et dans lequel les panneaux isolants sont reliés à la surface
de support de manière à ce que, pendant l'étape A, des rainures continues des panneaux
isolants adjacents soient alignées, et dans lequel les moyens de fixation sont reliés
aux branches de raccordement des attaches de manière à ce que, pendant l'étape B,
les moyens de fixation s'étendent au moins partiellement dans les rainures continues.
3. Procédé selon la revendication 1, dans lequel les panneaux isolants sont pourvus de
rainures continues et dans lequel les panneaux isolants sont reliés à la surface de
support de manière à ce que, pendant l'étape A, des rainures continues des panneaux
isolants adjacents soient alignées, et où les moyens de fixation sont reliés aux branches
de raccordement des attaches de manière à ce que, pendant l'étape B, les moyens de
fixation s'étendent directement au-dessus des rainures continues sans s'étendre dans
lesdites rainures, où de préférence les moyens de fixation seront au moins sensiblement
dégagés des parois des rainures après l'étape B.
4. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans lequel la surface
de support, qui est constituée de préférence d'un matériau du type pierre, forme le
vantail intérieur d'un bâtiment et le revêtement forme le vantail extérieur du bâtiment.
5. Panneau isolant pour une utilisation dans un procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications
1 à 4, dans lequel le panneau isolant (2) sous forme de mousse comprend une première
surface de panneau (11a) et une deuxième surface de panneau (11b) situées à l'opposé
de la première surface de panneau (11a), et dans lequel le panneau isolant (2) est
pourvu d'un certain nombre d'attaches alignées (15) sur le côté de la première surface
de panneau (11 a), chaque attache (15) comprenant au moins une branche de raccordement
(21) dirigée vers l'extérieur orientée au moins sensiblement perpendiculairement à
la première surface de panneau (11a), chaque attache (15) étant pourvue d'au moins
une autre branche de raccordement (23) qui s'étend dans le matériau du panneau isolant
(2), étant reliée à celui-ci, lesquels raccordements entre le panneau isolant (2)
et chaque attache (15) ont été effectués pendant le procédé de fabrication du panneau
isolant.
6. Panneau isolant selon la revendication 5, dans lequel chaque attache comprend deux
branches de raccordement espacées pour recevoir au moins une partie d'un moyen de
fixation allongé entre elles.
7. Panneau isolant selon la revendication 6, dans lequel les attaches (15) sont en forme
de U ou comprennent au moins une partie en forme de U, et dans lequel les deux branches
de raccordement espacées définissent en partie la forme en U.
8. Panneau isolant selon l'une quelconque des revendications 5 à 7, dans lequel le panneau
isolant est pourvu d'au moins un évidement (16) sur le côté de la première surface
de panneau, à l'emplacement de cet évidement, l'au moins une attache est prévue, où
de préférence, l'au moins une branche de raccordement (21), dans la mesure où elle
s'étend dans l'évidement (16), est dégagée du matériau du panneau isolant sur deux
côtés opposés de la branche de raccordement pour positionner un moyen de fixation
(3) sur un côté de la branche de raccordement et relier le moyen de fixation à la
branche de raccordement par le côté opposé de la branche de raccordement.
9. Panneau isolant selon l'une quelconque des revendications 5 à 8, dans lequel le matériau
dont le panneau isolant au voisinage direct de l'au moins une attache est constitué,
est différent du matériau dont le panneau isolant en dehors dudit voisinage direct
est constitué, de préférence au moins en ce que le matériau dont le panneau isolant
au voisinage direct de l'au moins une attache est constitué, a une résistance à la
compression supérieure à celle du matériau dont le panneau isolant en dehors dudit
voisinage direct est constitué.
10. Panneau isolant selon l'une quelconque des revendications 5 à 9, dans lequel le panneau
isolant est pourvu d'au moins une rainure continue (14) sur le côté de la première
surface de panneau pour recevoir un moyen de fixation allongé (3) au moins partiellement,
de préférence uniquement partiellement, dans celle-ci.
11. Panneau isolant selon l'une quelconque des revendications 5 à 10, dans lequel le panneau
isolant est pourvu d'au moins une première partie de raccordement (41) et d'au moins
une deuxième partie de raccordement (42), respectivement, sur les deux côtés circonférentiels
d'au moins une paire de deux côtés circonférentiels opposés, où la position et la
configuration des premières parties de raccordement et des deuxièmes parties de raccordement
des panneaux isolants adjacents sont conçues pour s'adapter l'une à l'autre lors de
l'utilisation des panneaux isolants de manière à obtenir un alignement correct des
panneaux isolants adjacents entre eux, où une première partie de raccordement et une
deuxième partie de raccordement, respectivement, des panneaux isolants adjacents sont
conçues pour être assemblées par encliquetage.
12. Procédé de fabrication d'un panneau isolant selon l'une quelconque des revendications
5 à 11, comprenant les étapes consistant :
K à engager, par le biais de moyens d'engagement (70, 72), une extrémité dirigée vers
l'extérieur de l'au moins une branche de raccordement (21) d'une attache (15) avec
des éléments d'engagement de celle-ci,
L à positionner, par le biais de moyens de positionnement, les moyens d'engagement
de manière à ce que l'au moins une partie de raccordement s'étende dans un espace
de moule (76),
M à introduire une matière plastique dans l'espace de moule,
N à amener la matière plastique à l'intérieur de l'espace de moule à se transformer
en un panneau isolant (2), où l'au moins une autre partie de raccordement (23) est
au moins partiellement entourée de la matière plastique formée pour fournir l'attache
(15) au matériau isolant,
O à retirer le panneau isolant (2) pourvu de l'attache (15) de l'espace de moule (76).