Field of the invention
[0001] The present invention relates to the release of non-flowing loose materials in storage
devices, storage silos, downcomers, and pipeline systems via compressed air energy
in pulse nozzles.
Background of the invention
[0002] In operation, the pulse nozzles reduce the external friction angle, e.g. between
the stored loose material and the internal contact surface of the storage vessel wall
that results in releasing stuck or deposited loose materials. The released loose material
then falls to the bottom discharge part of the storage vessel then drops out of the
storage vessel through the discharge hole and hence, the flow of loose material across
the storage vessel cross-section is provided without any physical impact by the operator.
[0003] The pulse nozzle systems are commonly used for traditional steel, concrete, or plastic
storage vessels. These can also be applied to hoppers, weighing storage vessels, and
various intermediate storage vessels. The systems are applicable both for loose materials
with high granulation (e.g. raw coal) and loose materials that produce "dead zones"
or arcing during storage, as well as for compacted loose materials including moist
materials.
[0004] The pulse nozzle systems comprise an assembly consisting of a pulse nozzle and a
solenoid valve. The assembly in the mounting housing is provided in the wall of the
discharging part of the storage vessel or the downcomer under the discharging part
of the storage vessel; a flexible rubber hose is used for connection to the compressed
air source, and an electric cable is used for connection with a control system or
a control unit.
[0005] For example, the pulse nozzle from utility model 2009-21476 comprises the basic body
of the pulse nozzle, which houses a piston head body with direction surfaces of air
pulses generated by the pulse valve, and the said pulses cross the inner space of
the nozzle to its exterior.
[0006] In European patent application
EP 0160281 A2 is described a diffuser valve which is adapted to be fixed in the wall of storage
hopper containing particulate materials and operable to dispense an air blast into
the interiors of the hopper to loosen material in the region of the valve. The valve
has a tubular body accommodating a valve member which opens to dispense the air blast
in a radial direction along the walls of the hopper to which is fixed.
[0007] Document
DE 1909219 A1 describes a solution of a silo for particular materials, where is used a system for
an aeration of the particular materials for better emptying the silo. The system consists
of a compressed air and valves placed on the bottom of the silo.
[0008] In document
US 2007/000544 A1 a valve assembly for a positive displacement fluid pump is described. In the application
is mentioned a wear-resistant coating or layer that are suitable for reducing friction
and wear of the inner surface. The inner surface can be coated with a thin layer of
tungsten carbide or other ultra-hard material. As written above the wear-resistant
coating or layer is used for reducing friction between the individual parts of the
pump.
[0009] US 6237893 discloses an example of a discharge valve. The discharge valve consists of a discharge
valve body in metal housing, wherein the housing is embedded in a storage vessel wall.
A movable metal piston is placed in the discharge valve with the head end on one side
and the barrier against the excessive return of the piston valve on the other side,
which allows configuration of the distance for the piston head body lift.
[0010] Disadvantages of these systems include abrasion on technology walls (storage devices,
storage vessel, silo, downcomer, or pipeline) around the nozzle piston head body.
This is caused by deflated compressed air on the storage vessel sides around the nozzle
head body where compressed air deteriorates the storage vessel wall material, and
high abrasion occurs.
[0011] Storage vessel walls must then be repaired e.g. by welding. The piston head body
front is also abraded by loose material moving around the impulse nozzle, and the
piston needs to be replaced over time. In addition to said disadvantages, the systems
in the art fail to avoid sinking of the pulse nozzle piston or any part thereof to
technology that may occur when that part of the pulse nozzle body cracks.
[0012] For some heavily loaded technologies, such as storage vessel downcomers, higher flows
of abrasive loose material occur, and wear and tear happens only after a few months
of operation. The worn component must then be replaced on the pulse nozzle. The systems
in the art neglect these problems and technologies frequently need repairs and the
replacement of pulse nozzle components.
[0013] The object of the present invention is an embodiment of the pulse nozzle so that
the technology, as well as the components of the nozzle, is protected and the life
cycle improved.
Summary of the invention
[0014] The present invention discloses the assembly of the pulse nozzle that prevents the
problems of pulse nozzles known from the art.
[0015] The object of the present invention is met by an abrasion resistant pulse nozzle
according to claim 1 comprising the pulse nozzle body, a piston with piston head body
moveably located inside the pulse nozzle body, an elastic member between the first
holder attached to the piston and the second holder attached to the pulse nozzle body
characterized in that the piston head body front is provided with an abrasion resistant
layer.
[0016] The abrasion resistant layer advantageously consists of tungsten carbide of up to
1 mm thickness that achieves higher abrasion resistance.
[0017] Advantageously, the abrasion resistant pulse nozzle consists of the abrasion resistant
plate attached to the pulse nozzle body near the piston head body to cover up the
inner technology surface, wherein the abrasion resistance plate consists of a metal
sheet up to 7mm thick and a tungsten carbide layer up to 1mm. Also advantageously,
the piston is provided with a bearing surface and the pulse nozzle body is provided
with a securing member.
[0018] Also substantial is the system for flow of bulk materials in vessels according to
claim 6 for releasing non-flowing loose materials in storage devices or silos comprising
at least one abrasion resistant pulse nozzle described above connected to the compressed
air source, and at least one solenoid valve connected to the control unit with an
electric cable, or multiple pulse nozzles to the central control system including
the designing of various activities algorithm variations.
[0019] Finally, the assembly of the pulse nozzle is advantageously as large as possible,
so that the piston head body diameter is arranged for application of a G 2 ½ size
solenoid valve. In this way, a larger volume of compressed air is increased, which
breaks down and removes the higher layer of deposited loose material from the inner
wall of the storage device, silo, downcomer, or pipeline.
Description of figures in the drawings
[0020] An example of the embodiment of the device is schematically illustrated in Figures
1, 2, and 3.
Fig. 1 - Schematic illustration of pulse nozzle
Fig. 2 - Schematic illustration of piston head body detail of the pulse nozzle mounted
on the storage vessel wall
Fig. 3 - Schematic illustration of pulse nozzle system
Detailed description of example embodiment
[0021] Fig. 1 shows the abrasion resistant pulse nozzle consisting of the pulse nozzle body
1 that houses the piston
2 with the piston head body
3 and the elastic member
6, the said piston
2 is provided in the piston guide
5 opening. The piston guide
5 opening may be provided as a securing ring moulded in pulse nozzle body
1. When the solenoid valve flow is initiated, the overpressure moves the piston
2 into the technology, e.g. the storage vessel, and a gap around the piston head body
3 is created. Pressure ranges from 0.40MPa to 1.0MPa. The compressing elastic member
6 is slid onto piston
2. On one side, the elastic member
6 is attached to the first holder, being for example, the said distance ring
7 attached to the piston
2, and to the second holder on the other side, being for example, the piston guide
5 attached to the pulse nozzle body
1, wherein the attachment on one side is fixed, and the other side attachment is moveable.
The elastic member
6 is arranged so that it acts on the distance ring
7 on one side, and on the piston guide
5 on the other side, whereby the piston
2 is returned to the default position. In this embodiment, the elastic member
6 is the compressing spring. The distance ring
7 is used to define the distance needed to lift the piston head body
3. The distance ring
7 is slid onto the piston
2. Screwing on and tightening the two self-locking nuts
8 define the required piston head body
3 lift. Securing the member
9 and the bearing surface
4 are used to prevent the piston
2 parts entering the technology due to material fatigue failure. In this embodiment,
the securing member
9 is a screw that is screwed into the pulse nozzle body
1. The piston head body
3 incorporates the bearing surface
4 made, for example, by mounting.
[0022] Fig. 2 shows the pulse nozzle piston head body
3 mounted on the storage vessel
12 wall. Also included in the abrasion resistant pulse nozzle is an abrasion resistant
plate attached perpendicularly to the pulse nozzle axis, i.e. in parallel with the
storage vessel
12 wall that covers the storage vessel
12 wall close to the pulse nozzle piston head body
3. In this example, the abrasion resistance of this embodiment comprises a metal sheet
11 of 6mm thickness on which a tungsten carbide
10 layer of 0.8mm thickness is made.
[0023] For example, laser layering may be applied. The total thickness of the abrasion resistant
plate is 6.8mm. The disclosed construction of the abrasion resistant plate does not
result in the excessive deposition and accumulation of loose materials on the upper
edge of the abrasion resistant plate, and a faster flow of loose material to the discharge
part of the storage vessel is possible. The tungsten carbide layer
10 on the abrasion resistant plate is used for storage vessel
12 wall protection against abrasion that prevents the creation of holes on the storage
vessel
12 walls when blowing off compressed air for releasing deposits on the walls. Furthermore,
the tungsten carbide
10 layer is also applied to the piston head body
3 front for an improved lifecycle. This embodiment does not require as frequent replacement
of the piston
2 as in the art, and no welding is further required on the storage vessel
12 walls around the pulse nozzles due to the holes present and produced by blowing off
compressed air.
[0024] Fig. 3 shows the system of abrasion resistant pulse nozzles. The basis of the pulse
nozzle system is an assembly consisting of the abrasion resistant pulse nozzle described
above and a solenoid valve
13. Assembly in the assembly housing
14 is the built-in wall
12 of the discharge part of the storage vessel or the downcomer under the storage vessel
discharge part
15, the elastic rubber hose
16 is used for connection to the compressed air distribution
17, and the electric cable (not shown in the Fig.) is used for connection with the control
system or the control unit
18. The type of assembly housing
14 depends on the specific application of the pulse nozzle system, which differs depending
on the construction and embodiment of the storage vessel and the type of stored loose
material. The compressed air distribution
17 is provided from a ring-shaped tube around the perimeter of the storage vessel
12 discharge part attached with brackets
19 to the branches made from the cross section depending on the type of pulse nozzle.
The branches must be provided from the top part of the tube so that contamination
from the compressed air distribution
17 in the solenoid valve
13 is prevented. The compressed air distribution
17 must have a gradient around the perimeter of the discharge part
12 and a tube with ball valve
20 must be provided at the lowest point to remove sludge from distribution. The supply
line
21 is connected to the existing compressed air source
22.
List of reference marks
[0025]
- 1 -
- Pulse nozzle body
- 2 -
- Piston
- 3 -
- Piston head body
- 4 -
- Bearing surface
- 5 -
- Piston guide
- 6 -
- Elastic member
- 7 -
- Distance ring
- 8 -
- Self-locking nut
- 9 -
- Securing member
- 10 -
- Abrasion resistant layer
- 11 -
- Metal sheet
- 12 -
- Storage vessel wall
- 13 -
- Solenoid valve
- 14 -
- Assembly housing
- 15 -
- Downcomer under the storage vessel discharge part
- 16 -
- Flexible rubber hose
- 17 -
- Compressed air distribution around the storage vessel
- 18 -
- Programmable control unit
- 19 -
- Bracket
- 20 -
- Ball valve
- 21 -
- Supply line
- 22 -
- Compressed air source
1. An abrasion resistant pulse nozzle comprising a pulse nozzle body (1), a piston (2)
with a piston head body (3) movably provided inside the pulse nozzle body (1), an
elastic member (6) provided between a first holder attached to the piston (2) and
a second holder attached to the pulse nozzle body (1) characterized in that the piston head body (3) is provided with an abrasion resistant layer (10) on its
front.
2. An abrasion resistant pulse nozzle according to claim 1 characterized in that the abrasion resistant layer (10) consists of a tungsten carbide layer of thickness
up to 1mm.
3. An abrasion resistant pulse nozzle according to claim 1 or 2 characterized in that it is provided with an abrasion resistant plate attached to the pulse nozzle body
(1) near the piston head body (3) to cover the inner surface of the technology.
4. An abrasion resistant pulse nozzle according to claim 3 characterized in that the abrasion resistant plate consists of a metal sheet (11) of 7mm thickness and
a tungsten carbide layer (10) with a thickness up to 1mm.
5. An abrasion resistant pulse nozzle according to any one of the previous claims characterized in that the piston (2) is provided with a bearing surface (4) and the pulse nozzle body (1)
is provided with a securing member (9).
6. A system for flow of bulk materials in vessels comprising at least one abrasion resistant
pulse nozzle according to any of previous claims characterized in that the abrasion resistant pulse nozzle is attached to a compressed air distribution
(17) and comprises at least one solenoid valve (13) connected to a control unit (18)
with an electric cable.
7. A system for flow of bulk materials according to claim 6 characterized in that the compressed air distribution (17) comprises a ring- shaped tube to embrace the
discharge part of the storage vessel (12).
8. A system for flow of bulk materials according to claim 7 characterized in that the connection of the abrasion resistant pulse nozzle is provided to the upper side
of the ring-shaped tube.
9. A system for flow of bulk materials according to claim 7 or 8 characterized in that the ring-shaped tube is arranged so that a tube for sludge removal is provided at
its lowest point.
1. Eine abriebfeste Impulsdüse umfassend einen Impulsdüsenkörper (1), einen Kolben (2)
mit einem innerhalb des Impulsdüsenkörpers (1) beweglich vorgesehenen Kolbenkopfkörper
(3), und ein elastisches Glied (6), das zwischen einem an dem Kolben (2) angebrachten
ersten Halter und einem an dem Impulsdüsenkörper (1) angebrachten zweiten Halter vorgesehen
ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Kolbenkopfkörper (3) an seiner Vorderseite mit einer abriebfesten Schicht (10)
vorgesehen ist.
2. Die abriebfeste Impulsdüse nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die abriebfeste Schicht (10) aus einer Wolframkarbidschicht mit einer Dicke bis zu
1 mm besteht.
3. Die abriebfeste Impulsdüse nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sie mit einer an dem Impulsdüsenkörper (1) angebrachten abriebfesten Platte in der
Nähe des Kolbenkopfkörpers (3) vorgesehen ist, um die Innenfläche der Technologie
abzudecken.
4. Die abriebfeste Impulsdüse nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die abriebfeste Platte aus einem Blech (11) mit einer Dicke von 7 mm und einer Wolframkarbidschicht
(10) mit einer Dicke bis zu 1 mm besteht.
5. Die abriebfeste Impulsdüse nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Kolben (2) mit einer Lagerfläche (4) vorgesehen ist und der Impulsdüsenkörper
(1) mit einem Sicherungsglied (9) vorgesehen ist.
6. Ein System zur Strömung von Schüttgütern in Gefäßen umfassend mindestens eine abriebfeste
Impulsdüse nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die abriebfeste Impulsdüse an einer Druckluftverteilung (17) verbunden ist und mindestens
ein Magnetventil (13) umfasst, das mit einer Steuereinheit (18) mit einem elektrischen
Kabel verbunden ist.
7. Das System zur Strömung von Schüttgütern nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Druckluftverteilung (17) ein ringförmiges Rohr zum Umgreifen des Auslassteils
des Vorratsbehälters (12) umfasst.
8. Das System zur Strömung von Schüttgütern nach Anspruch 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Verbindung der abriebfesten Impulsdüse an der Oberseite des ringförmigen Rohres
vorgesehen ist.
9. Das System zur Strömung von Schüttgütern nach Anspruch 7 oder 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das ringförmige Rohr so angeordnet ist, dass an seiner tiefsten Stelle ein Rohr zur
Schlammentfernung vorgesehen ist.
1. Une buse d'impulsion résistante à l'abrasion comprenant un corps de buse d'impulsion
(1), un piston (2) avec un corps de tête de piston (3) disposé de façon mobile à l'intérieur
du corps de buse d'impulsion (1), un élément élastique (6) disposé entre un premier
support fixé au piston (2) et un second support fixé au corps de buse d'impulsion
(1), caractérisée en ce que le corps de tête de piston (3) est pourvu d'une couche résistante à l'abrasion (10)
sur son avant.
2. La buse d'impulsion résistante à l'abrasion selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que la couche résistante à l'abrasion (10) est constituée d'une couche de carbure de
tungstène d'une épaisseur allant jusqu'à 1 mm.
3. La buse d'impulsion résistante à l'abrasion selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisée en ce qu'elle est pourvue d'une plaque résistante à l'abrasion fixée au corps de buse d'impulsion
(1) à proximité du corps de tête de piston (3) pour recouvrir la surface interne de
la technologie.
4. La buse d'impulsion résistante à l'abrasion selon la revendication 3, caractérisée en ce que la plaque résistante à l'abrasion est constituée d'une tôle métallique (11) d'une
épaisseur de 7 mm et d'une couche de carbure de tungstène (10) d'une épaisseur allant
jusqu'à 1 mm.
5. La buse d'impulsion résistante à l'abrasion selon l'une quelconque des revendications
précédentes, caractérisée en ce que le piston (2) est pourvu d'une surface d'appui (4) et le corps de buse d'impulsion
(1) est pourvu d'un élément de fixation (9).
6. Un système d'écoulement de matériaux en vrac dans des récipients comprenant au moins
une buse d'impulsion résistante à l'abrasion selon l'une quelconque des revendications
précédentes, caractérisé en ce que la buse d'impulsion résistante à l'abrasion est fixée à une distribution d'air comprimé
(17) et comprend au moins une électrovanne (13) reliée à une unité de commande (18)
avec un câble électrique.
7. Le système d'écoulement de matériaux en vrac selon la revendication 6, caractérisé en ce que la distribution d'air comprimé (17) comprend un tube en forme d'anneau pour entourer
la partie d'évacuation d'un récipient de stockage (12).
8. Le système d'écoulement de matériaux en vrac selon la revendication 7, caractérisé en ce que la liaison de la buse d'impulsion résistante à l'abrasion est disposée sur le côté
supérieur du tube en forme d'anneau.
9. Le système d'écoulement de matériaux en vrac selon la revendication 7 ou 8, caractérisé en ce que le tube en forme d'anneau est disposé de telle sorte qu'un tube pour l'évacuation
des boues est prévu au niveau de son point le plus bas.