FIELD OF THE INVENTION
[0001] The present invention relates to the field of tail pipes of after treatment systems
in particular comprising diffusers in order to lower the exhaust gas temperature.
STATE OF THE ART KNOWN
[0002] The use of the gas diffusers as last component or tail pipe of the After Treatment
Systems (ATS) of internal combustion engines is known. Examples of such devices are
disclosed in
US2008110164.
[0003] The purpose of such devices is to lower the temperature of exhaust gas and mixing
it with fresh air before being released into the environment.
[0004] Some layout of vehicles do not allow the installation of devices as the one shown
in
US2008110164.
[0005] Therefore, it may happen that the space available is particularly compact. With "compact"
it is meant that the sizes of the ATS are similar to each other, that is within a
ratio between 1 and 4, in absolute value. This implies that the installation of the
device shown in
US2008110164 is difficult or impossible when the space dedicated to the ATS is particularly compact.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
[0007] The purpose of the present invention is to indicate a diffuser particularly suitable
in those cases where the available space for ATS installation is limited and requires
a compact ATS, in which a canning, housing the overall ATS, has a ratio, in absolute
value, between two sizes within 1 and 4.
[0008] Such aims are solved by a diffuser according to the appended set of claims.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0009] The invention will become fully clear from the following detailed description, given
by way of a mere exemplifying and non-limiting example, to be read with reference
to the attached drawing figures, wherein:
- Figure 1 shows a low perspective view of a first embodiment of the gas diffuser subject
of the present invention;
- Figure 2 shows an up perspective view of the same diffuser of Figure 1;
- Figure 3 shows a low perspective view of a compact After treatment system (ATS) comprising
the diffuser of the figures 1 and 2;
- Figure 4 shows a lateral perspective view of the ATS of figure 3;
- Figure 5 shows an up perspective view of a second embodiment of the gas diffuser subject
of the present invention;
- Figure 6 shows a low perspective view of the same diffuser of Figure 5;
- Figure 7 shows a low perspective view of the ATS of figure 3 where the diffuser of
figures 5 and 6 is implemented;
- Figure 8 shows a scheme of the ATS of figure 3, 4 and 7 according to a longitudinal
development of the ATS.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
[0010] The present invention relates to an exhaust diffuser D, D' for an After Treatment
System (ATS) of an internal combustion engine.
[0011] The diffuser comprises a first portion FP having a tubular frusto-pyramidal shape
developing according to a first axis Y and has an inlet IN, IN', for receiving exhaust
gas from said ATS, proximal to a minor basis MNB of the truncated pyramid and a second
portion SP, contiguous with and subsequent to said first one, according to an exhaust
gas circulation, wherein said second portion comprises two or more separate paths
PTH communicating with the outside, arranged side-by-side between each other according
to said developing axis Y.
[0012] Each path includes at least one ejector EJ arranged in such a way to suck fresh air
from the outside of the diffuser.
[0013] According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, a vane is cut by the casing
itself of the second portion of the diffuser and is bent towards the inside of the
second part so as it is superimposed to a corresponding hollow. Each vane lefts open
its hollow and defines a sort of ramp for the circulating gas. Therefore, the gas
meets the ramp, and thus a local section reduction, thus, for the Venturi's effect,
accelerates. A low pressure is defined just after the ramp sucking fresh air from
the outside of the device that is mixed with the exhaust gas in order to refresh the
latter.
[0014] According to both the embodiments of the invention at least the first portion FP
has a frusto-pydamidal shape with rectangular bases.
[0015] The second embodiment of the invention according to the figures 5 - 7 has the first
FP and second portion SP in one piece defining as a whole a frusto-pyramid. Thus,
said second portion is defined inside the truncated-pyramid casing defining the diffuser.
[0016] In particular such frusto-pyramid is squeezed according to a second axis Z, perpendicular
to said first axis Y, so as any cross-section perpendicular to said development axis
is rectangular having two major and two minor segments corresponding to the two major
UW, LW and the two minor MW walls of the frusto-pyramidal shape, wherein the minor
segments have almost constant size along said development.
[0017] The second portion SP preferably comprises septum(s) SPT perpendicular to said major
walls UW, LW of the frusto-pyramid, arranged in order to define said two or more separated
paths PTH.
[0018] According to the first embodiment according to the figures 1 - 4, the first portion
is (also) squeezed according to the second axis Z, perpendicular to said first axis
and the second portion SP comprises two or more separate tubular pipes TM, each defining
a path PTH, arranged substantially parallel between each other and pneumatically connected
to a major basis MJB of the frusto-pyramid, opposite to the minor one MNB.
[0019] Preferably, any cross-section perpendicular to said development axis Y of said first
portion FP is rectangular having major and minor segments corresponding to the two
major UW, LW and the two minor MW walls of the frusto-pyramidal shape and wherein
said two major walls diverge reciprocally and said two minor walls diverge reciprocally
toward said major basis MJB.
[0020] For both the embodiments the inlet IN, IN' is arranged on one UW of said major walls
close to said minor basis MNB and the minor basis is rounded and smoothly joined with
the other wall LW of said two major walls in order to reduce turbulence.
[0021] Both the diffusers of the embodiments are provided with collars for a simple mounting
on the outlet of the ATS disclosed according to the figures 3, 4 and 7.
[0022] In order to assure that the diffuser is fixedly connected to the ATS a V shaped flange
FL has the opposite ends affixed to the ATS and the vertex affixed to the second portion
of the diffuser.
[0023] The ATS, according to the invention, has substantially a parallelepiped shape having
a predominant development, parallel, within +/- 30°, with said first axis Y. The parallelepiped
shape can be rectangular.
[0024] In operation, the diffuser is arranged under the ATS, according to a vertical direction
parallel to said second axis Z.
[0025] According to both the embodiments of diffusers, the end CT of said second portion
SP, corresponding to the outlet OUT of the diffuser D, D' is slightly bent downwardly
in order to direct exhaust gas towards the ground.
[0026] Figure 8 discloses a compact ATS. The ATS is defined "compact" because its sizes
along the coordinate axes Z, Y, X are substantially comparable to each other, being
in the mutual ratio of no more than 4.
[0027] Also the ATS is provided with flanges FL' to affix the ATS to the vehicle chassis.
They are preferably parallel to the development axis Y of the ATS.
[0028] Said ATS schematizes the ones of the figures 3,4 and 7 sectioned according to the
plane X-Z.
[0029] An inlet opening INL, preferably oriented along the Y axis, receives the combustion
engine exhaust gas, represented by arrows FLW, which enters into a first chamber CH1,
operatively communicating with a second chamber CH2 in which is housed the catalytic
material on a carrier structure, which communicates with a third chamber CH3 turning
the gas flow and orientating the flow lines for an accurate Lambda measurement, which
communicates with a fourth CH4 chamber, made in a low part of the ATS, so as to be
connected and communicating with the diffuser D, D' via the duct, schematized with
the collar CL. An ejector permits a flow of fresh air FAI to inter in the diffuser
to lower the exhaust gas.
[0030] From the scheme, it is clear that the upper wall UW of the two major walls of the
frusto-pyramid coincides with a lower wall of the canning itself of the ATS.
[0031] Many changes, modifications, variations and other uses and applications of the subject
invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art after considering the specification
and the accompanying drawings which disclose preferred embodiments thereof. All such
changes, modifications, variations and other uses and applications which do not depart
from the scope of the invention are deemed to be covered by this invention.
[0032] It should be understood that all the single features and/or embodiments can be combined
between each other. In addition, the features disclosed in the prior art background
are introduced only in order to better understand the invention and not as a declaration
about the existence of known prior art.
[0033] Further implementation details will not be described, as the man skilled in the art
is able to carry out the invention starting from the teaching of the above description.
1. Exhaust diffuser (D, D') for an After Treatment System (ATS) of an internal combustion
engine comprising a first portion (FP) having a tubular frusto-pyramidal shape developing
according to a first axis (Y), having an inlet (IN, IN'), for receiving exhaust gas
from said ATS, proximal to a minor basis (MNB) of the truncated pyramid, and a second
portion (SP), contiguous with and subsequent to said first one, according to an exhaust
gas circulation, wherein said second portion comprises two or more separate paths
(PTH) communicating with the outside, arranged side-by-side between each other according
to said developing axis (Y), and wherein each path includes at least one ejector (EJ)
arranged in such a way to suck fresh air from the outside of the diffuser
wherein said second portion is defined inside said truncated-pyramid shape so as the
overall shape of the diffuser is frusto-pyramidal, and wherein said second portion
comprises septum(s) (SPT) perpendicular to said major walls (UW, LW) arranged in order
to define said two or more separated paths (PTH).
2. Diffuser according to claim 1, wherein said ejector comprises a hollow and a vane
folded inside its respective path, defining a ramp superimposed to said hollow.
3. Diffuser according to claims 1 or 2, wherein said first portion (FP) is squeezed according
to a second axis (Z), perpendicular to said first axis, so as any cross-section perpendicular
to said development axis is rectangular having two major and two minor segments corresponding
to the two major (UW, LW) and the two minor (MW) walls of the frusto-pyramidal shape,
wherein the minor segments have almost constant size along said development.
4. Diffuser according to claim 1, wherein said first portion is squeezed according to
a second axis (Z), perpendicular to said first axis of said second portion (SP), and
wherein said second portion comprises two or more separate tubular pipes (TM) arranged
substantially parallel between each other and pneumatically connected to a major basis
(MJB) of the truncated pyramid, opposite to the smaller one.
5. Diffuser according to claim 4, wherein any cross-section perpendicular to said development
axis (Y) of said first portion is rectangular having major and minor segments corresponding
to the two major (UW, LW) and the two minor (MW) walls of the frusto-pyramidal shape
and wherein said two major walls diverge reciprocally and said two minor walls diverge
reciprocally toward said major basis (MJB).
6. Diffuser according to claims 3 or 5, wherein said inlet (IN, IN') is arranged on one
(UW) of said major walls close to said minor basis (MNB) and wherein said minor basis
is rounded and smoothly joined with the other wall (LW) of said two major walls.
7. After treatment system (ATS) having a diffuser according to any of previous claims
1 - 6.