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EUROPEAN PATENT SPECIFICATION |
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Mention of the grant of the patent: |
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18.03.2020 Bulletin 2020/12 |
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Date of filing: 21.07.2016 |
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International Patent Classification (IPC):
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COLD HEADING FORMED WEDGE FOR USE IN POST TENSIONING CONCRETE
KALTSTAUCHGEFORMTER KEIL ZUR VERWENDUNG IN VORGESPANNTEM BETON
COIN FORMÉ DE MATRIÇAGE À FROID DESTINÉ À ÊTRE UTILISÉ EN BÉTON POST-CONTRAINTE
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Designated Contracting States: |
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AL AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MK MT NL
NO PL PT RO RS SE SI SK SM TR |
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Priority: |
04.08.2015 US 201562200994 P 18.11.2015 US 201514944793 18.11.2015 WO PCT/US2015/061320
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Date of publication of application: |
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08.02.2017 Bulletin 2017/06 |
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Proprietor: Sorkin, Felix, L. |
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Stafford, TX 77477 (US) |
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Inventor: |
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- Sorkin, Felix, L.
Stafford, TX 77477 (US)
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Representative: Bond, Christopher William |
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Forresters IP LLP
Skygarden
Erika-Mann-Strasse 11 80636 München 80636 München (DE) |
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References cited: :
EP-A1- 2 151 289 JP-A- 2006 255 778
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DE-C- 975 906 US-A- 4 362 421
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Note: Within nine months from the publication of the mention of the grant of the European
patent, any person may give notice to the European Patent Office of opposition to
the European patent
granted. Notice of opposition shall be filed in a written reasoned statement. It shall
not be deemed to
have been filed until the opposition fee has been paid. (Art. 99(1) European Patent
Convention).
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Technical Field/Field of the Disclosure
[0001] The present disclosure relates generally to post-tensioned, pre-stressed concrete
construction. The present disclosure relates specifically to wedges for anchors for
use therein.
Background of the Disclosure
[0002] Many structures are built using concrete, including, for instance, buildings, parking
structures, apartments, condominiums, hotels, mixed-use buildings, casinos, hospitals,
medical buildings, government buildings, research/academic institutions, industrial
buildings, malls, bridges, pavement, tanks, reservoirs, silos, foundations, sports
courts, and other structures.
[0003] Pre-stressed concrete is structural concrete in which internal stresses are introduced
to reduce potential tensile stresses in the concrete resulting from applied loads.
This can be accomplished by two methods-post-tensioned pre-stressing and pre-tensioned
pre-stressing. When post-tensioning concrete, the pre-stressing assembly is tensioned
after the concrete has attained a specified strength. The pre-stressing assembly,
commonly known as a tendon, may include for example and without limitation, anchorages,
one or more strands, and sheathes or ducts. The strand is tensioned between anchors
which are embedded in the concrete once the concrete has hardened. The strand may
be formed from a metal or composite or any suitable material exhibiting tensile strength
which can be elongated including, for example and without limitation, reinforcing
steel, single wire cable, or multi-wire cable. The strand is typically fixedly coupled
to a fixed anchorage positioned at one end of the tendon, the so-called "fixed end",
and is adapted to be stressed at the other anchor, the "stressing end" of the tendon.
The strand is generally held to each anchor by one or more wedges. Typically, anchors
include a tapered recess which, when the strand is placed under tension, cause the
wedges to further engage the strand. Wedges are typically made of metal.
[0004] EP2151289 discloses a method involves separating a blank from a bundle of wire by scissors,
and planar dipping of the blank front faces by setting. The method involves combining
cup impact extrusion, punching, hollow backward pressing, forming a circumferential
ring groove by tossing and reducing rolling edges. The wire is a steel wire.
[0005] US4362421 discloses an anchor for use in the post-tensioning of prestressed concrete, including
an anchor case having a longitudinally tapering outer wall surface and a tapered longitudinal
bore for receiving a chuck comprising wedge segments which are in gripping engagement
with a tendon passing therebetween. The anchor case and chuck are approximately the
same length, and the anchor case is cold forged with the top end thereof folded inwardly
to effect greater thickness at that point, which structure, in combination with a
dome-shape thrust plate extending outwardly from the outer periphery of the anchor
case proximate the folded portion thereof, contains the hoop forces exerted on the
anchor case by the chuck.
Summary
[0006] The present disclosure provides for a method for forming a wedge for post tensioning
concrete, according to the subject-matter of claim 1.
[0007] The present disclosure further provides for dependent methods according to the depending
claims.
Brief Description of the Drawings
[0008] The present disclosure is best understood from the following detailed description
when read with the accompanying figures. It is emphasized that, in accordance with
the standard practice in the industry, various features are not drawn to scale. In
fact, the dimensions of the various features may be arbitrarily increased or reduced
for clarity of discussion.
FIG. 1 depicts a cross section of an anchor having a wedge consistent with at least
one embodiment of the present disclosure.
FIG. 2 depicts a block diagram of a cold heading procedure for forming wedges consistent
with at least one embodiment of the present disclosure.
FIGS. 3A-D depict an overview of a cold heading process for forming wedges consistent
with at least one embodiment of the present disclosure.
Detailed Description
[0009] It is to be understood that the following disclosure provides many different embodiments,
or examples, for implementing different features of various embodiments. Specific
examples of components and arrangements are described below to simplify the present
disclosure. These are, of course, merely examples and are not intended to be limiting.
In addition, the present disclosure may repeat reference numerals and/or letters in
the various examples. This repetition is for the purpose of simplicity and clarity
and does not in itself dictate a relationship between the various embodiments and/or
configurations discussed.
[0010] FIG. 1 depicts anchor 10 for use in post tensioning concrete. Anchor 10 is adapted
to receive and couple to strand 12 of tendon 14. During installation, strand 12 may
be threaded through anchor 10. Strand 12 may be, for example and without limitation,
mono-wire cable or multi-wire cable. For the purposes of this disclosure, the axis
parallel with the length of strand 12 will be referred to as the longitudinal axis
of strand 12. Anchor 10 may include anchor body 16 adapted to retain the position
of anchor 10 when positioned in formed concrete.
[0011] Anchor 10 may couple to strand 12 by the use of one or more wedges 100. Wedges 100
may be substantially wedge shaped and adapted to fit into a tapered recess 18 formed
in anchor body 16. During use, wedges 100 may be installed to the strand in a direction
perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the strand. Tension on strand 12 may cause
wedges 100 to move into tapered recess 18, applying a gripping force on strand 12.
[0012] In some embodiments, wedges 100 may be formed by cold heading. FIG. 2 depicts a block
diagram of a cold heading process. Wire 101 is provided on spool 103. Wire 101 is
fed by one or more drive wheels (not shown) into cold heading apparatus 105. In some
embodiments, cold heading apparatus 105 may include straightening apparatus 107 which
may include a plurality of rollers adapted to straighten wire 101 as it enters cold
heading apparatus 105. Wire 101 may be fed to forming dies 109. Forming dies 109 reshape
a portion of wire 101 progressively into the final form of one or more wedge blanks
113. At some point in the cold heading operation, a portion of wire 101 is separated
111 from the rest of wire 101, separating the one or more formed wedge blanks 113.
[0013] As depicted in FIGS. 3A-D, forming dies 109a-f may be utilized to progressively reshape
a portion of wire 101 by cold heading. FIGS. 3A-D depict the cold heading operation
as a 3-step operation, but one having ordinary skill in the art with the benefit of
this disclosure will understand that any number of operations may be undertaken to
cold head wedge blanks 113. The following discussion is merely exemplary of a cold
heading operation consistent with at least one embodiment of the present disclosure.
[0014] As depicted in FIG. 3A, wire 101 is fed through forming die 109a. Wire portion 115
is formed between forming die 109a and 109b to initially reshape wire portion 115.
In this embodiment, a portion of wire 101 is separated from wire 101 at this stage
by, for example, shear cutter 117 to be formed into wedge blank 113. As depicted in
FIG. 3B, forming dies 109c, 109d further refine the shape of wire portion 115. In
this embodiment, two wedge blanks 113 are formed simultaneously from wire portion
115. One having ordinary skill in the art with the benefit of this disclosure will
understand that any number of wedge blanks 113 may be formed from wire portion 115.
As depicted in FIG. 3C, forming dies 109e, 109f further refine the shape of wedge
blanks 113 into the final cold headed form shown in FIG. 3D. As understood by one
having ordinary skill in the art with the benefit of this disclosure, forming dies
109a-f may operate by stamping, swaging, punching, forging, extruding, upsetting,
or a combination thereof.
[0015] In some embodiments, wedge blanks 113 may emerge from the cold heading process in
a final form requiring no additional treatment. In some embodiments, wedge blanks
113 may be further processed as shown in FIG. 2 as further treatment 119. For example,
in some embodiments, wedge blanks 113 may be tumbled or otherwise polished to improve
their surface finish. In some embodiments, wedge blanks 113 may be given a surface
treatment or may be heat treated, hardened, or tempered. In some embodiments, wedge
blanks 113 may be further machined to, for example and without limitation, add grooves.
[0016] The foregoing outlines features of several embodiments so that a person of ordinary
skill in the art may better understand the aspects of the present disclosure. Such
features may be replaced by any one of numerous equivalent alternatives, only some
of which are disclosed herein. One of ordinary skill in the art should appreciate
that they may readily use the present disclosure as a basis for designing or modifying
other processes and structures for carrying out the same purposes and/or achieving
the same advantages of the embodiments introduced herein. One of ordinary skill in
the art should also realize that such equivalent constructions do not depart from
the scope of the present disclosure and that they may make various changes, substitutions,
and alterations herein without departing from the scope of the appended claims.
[0017] The present invention will now be described with reference to the following claims.
1. A method for forming a wedge (100) for post tensioning concrete comprising:
providing a wire (101);
feeding a portion of the wire (101) into a cold heading apparatus;
cold heading a portion of the wire (101) to form at least one wedge blank (113);
and
finishing the wedge blank (113) to form the wedge (100);
wherein cold heading a portion of the wire (101) to form at least one wedge blank
(113) comprises:
feeding the portion of the wire (101) between a first and second forming die (109a,
109b);
reshaping the portion of the wire (101) by the first and second forming die (109a,
109b); and
separating the reshaped portion of the wire from the wire (101) to form the at least
one wedge blank (113).
2. The method of claim 1, wherein reshaping the portion of the wire (101) by the first
and second forming die (109a, 109b) comprises one or more of stamping, swaging, punching,
forging, extruding, or upsetting the portion of the wire (101).
3. The method of claim 1 or claim 2, further comprising further reshaping the portion
of the wire (101) by a third and fourth forming die (109c, 109d).
4. The method of any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein finishing the wedge blank (113) to
form the wedge (100) comprises one or more of tumbling, polishing, heat treating,
hardening, tempering, grooving, or surface treating the wedge blank (113).
5. The method of any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the process of feeding the wire (101)
to the cold heading apparatus is performed by one or more drive wheels; optionally,
wherein the cold heading apparatus further includes a straightening apparatus, the
straightening apparatus including a plurality of rollers.
6. The method of any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein two wedge blanks (113) are formed
simultaneously.
7. The method of any one of claims 1 to 6, further comprising machining the wedge blanks
(113) to form grooves.
8. The method according to claim 1, further comprising:
providing an anchor (10) for post tensioning concrete;
threading a strand (12) through the anchor (10); and
positioning the wedge (100) on the strand (12).
9. The method of claim 8, wherein positioning the wedge (100) is on the strand (12) is
in a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the strand (12).
10. The method of claim 8 or 9, wherein reshaping the portion of the wire (101) by the
first and second forming die (109a, 109b) comprises one or more of stamping, swaging,
punching, forging, extruding, or upsetting the portion of the wire (101); optionally,
further comprising further reshaping the portion of the wire (101) by a third and
fourth forming die (109c, 109d).
11. The method of any one of claims 8 to 10, wherein finishing the wedge blank (113) to
form the wedge (100) comprises one or more of tumbling, polishing, heat treating,
hardening, tempering, grooving, or surface treating the wedge blank (113).
12. The method of any one of claims 8 to 11, further comprising moving the wedge (100)
into a tapered recess; optionally, further comprising applying a gripping force using
the wedges (100) on the strand (12).
13. The method of any one of claims 9 to 12, wherein the wedges (100) have grooves.
1. Verfahren zum Formen eines Keils (100) für Vorspannbeton, umfassend:
Bereitstellen eines Drahtes (101);
Speisen eines Abschnitts des Drahtes (101) in eine Kaltstauchvorrichtung;
Kaltstauchen eines Abschnitts des Drahtes (101), um zumindest einen Keilrohling (113)
zu formen;
und
Fertigstellen des Keilrohlings (113), um den Keil (100) zu formen;
wobei das Kaltstauchen eines Abschnitts des Drahtes (101), um zumindest einen Keilrohling
(113) zu formen, umfasst:
Speisen des Abschnitts des Drahtes (101) zwischen ein erstes und zweites Umformwerkzeug
(109a, 109b);
Umformen des Drahtabschnitts (101) durch das erste und zweite Umformwerkzeug (109a,
109b); und
Trennen des umgeformten Abschnitts des Drahtes vom Draht (101), um zumindest einen
Keilrohling (113) zu formen.
2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, wobei das Umformen des Drahtabschnitts (101) durch das
erste und zweite Umformwerkzeug (109a, 109b) eins oder mehrere von Stempeln, Kalthämmern,
Stanzen, Schmieden, Extrudieren oder Stauchen des Drahtabschnitts (101) umfasst.
3. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 oder Anspruch 2, das ferner das Umformen des Drahtabschnitts
(101) durch ein drittes und viertes Umformwerkzeug (109c, 109d) umfasst.
4. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, wobei das Fertigstellen des Keilrohlings
(113) zum Formen des Keils (100) eins oder mehrere von Putzen in Trommeln, Polieren,
Wärmebehandlung, Härtung, Glühen, Riffelung oder Oberflächenbehandlung des Keilrohlings
(113) umfasst.
5. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, wobei der Prozess der Speisung des Drahtes
(101) zur Kaltstauchvorrichtung von einem oder mehreren Antriebsrädern durchgeführt
wird; optional, wobei die Kaltstauchvorrichtung ferner einen Richtapparat einschließt,
wobei der Richtapparat eine Vielzahl von Rollen einschließt.
6. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, wobei die zwei Keilrohlinge (113) gleichzeitig
geformt werden.
7. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, das ferner die Bearbeitung der Keilrohlinge
(113) zum Formen von Nuten umfasst.
8. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, ferner umfassend:
Bereitstellen eines Ankers (10) für vorgespannten Beton;
Fädeln eines Drahtes (12) durch den Anker (10); und
Positionieren des Keils (100) auf dem Draht (12).
9. Verfahren nach Anspruch 8, wobei das Positionieren des Keils (100) auf dem Draht (12)
in einer Richtung senkrecht zur Längsachse des Drahtes (12) geschieht.
10. Verfahren nach Anspruch 8 oder 9, wobei das Umformen des Drahtabschnitts (101) durch
das erste und zweite Umformwerkzeug (109a, 109b) eins oder mehrere von Stempeln, Kalthämmern,
Stanzen, Schmieden, Extrudieren oder Stauchen des Drahtabschnitts (101) umfasst; optional
ferner das weitere Umformen des Drahtabschnitts (101) durch ein drittes und viertes
Umformwerkzeug (109c, 109d) umfasst.
11. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 8 bis 10, wobei das Fertigstellen des Keilrohlings
(113) zum Formen des Keils (100) eins oder mehrere von Putzen in Trommeln, Polieren,
Wärmebehandlung, Härtung, Glühen, Riffelung oder Oberflächenbehandlung des Keilrohlings
(113) umfasst.
12. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 8 bis 11, das ferner das Bewegen des Keils (100)
in eine konische Vertiefung umfasst; optional, ferner die Anwendung einer Greifkraft
unter Verwendung der Keile (100) am Draht (12) umfasst.
13. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 9 bis 12, wobei die Keile (100) Nuten aufweisen.
1. Un procédé pour former un coin (100) pour la post-tension du béton, comprenant les
étapes consistant à :
fournir un câble (101) ;
amener une partie du câble (101) dans un appareil de matriçage à froid ;
matricer à froid une partie du câble (101) pour former au moins une ébauche de coin
(113) ;
et
procéder au finissage de l'ébauche de coin (113) pour former le coin (100) ;
dans lequel le matriçage à froid d'une partie du câble (101) pour former au moins
une ébauche de coin (113) comprend les étapes consistant à :
amener la partie du câble (101) entre une première et une deuxième matrices de formage
(109a, 109b) ;
reformer la partie du câble (101) par les première et deuxième matrices de formage
(109a, 109b) ; et
séparer la partie reformée du câble et le câble (101) pour former la au moins une
ébauche de coin (113).
2. Le procédé de la revendication 1, dans lequel le reformage de la partie du câble (101)
par les première et deuxième matrices de formage (109a, 109b) comprend l'une ou plusieurs
des opérations d'estampage, de sertissage, de poinçonnage, de forgeage, d'extrusion
ou de refoulement de la partie du câble (101).
3. Le procédé de la revendication 1 ou de la revendication 2, comprenant en sus le reformage
supplémentaire de la partie du câble (101) par une troisième et une quatrième matrices
de formage (109c, 109d).
4. Le procédé d'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 3, dans lequel le finissage de
l'ébauche de coin (113) pour former le coin (100) comprend l'une ou plusieurs des
opérations de tonnelage, polissage, traitement thermique, durcissage, tempérage, rainurage
ou traitement de surface de l'ébauche de coin (113).
5. Le procédé d'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 4, dans lequel l'opération d'alimentation
du câble (101) dans l'appareil de matriçage à froid est exécutée par une ou plusieurs
roues d'entraînement ; éventuellement, dans lequel l'appareil de matriçage à froid
comprend en sus un appareil de redressage, l'appareil de redressage comportant une
pluralité de rouleaux.
6. Le procédé d'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 5, dans lequel deux ébauches de
coin (113) sont formées simultanément.
7. Le procédé d'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 6, comprenant en sus l'usinage
des ébauches de coin (113) pour former des rainures.
8. Le procédé selon la revendication 1, comprenant en sus les étapes consistant à :
fournir un ancrage (10) pour post-tensionner le béton ;
enfiler un toron (12) à travers l'ancrage (10) ; et
positionner le coin (100) sur le toron (12).
9. Le procédé de la revendication 8, dans lequel le placement du coin (100) sur le toron
(12) est dans une direction perpendiculaire à l'axe longitudinal du toron (12).
10. Le procédé de la revendication 8 ou de la revendication 9, dans lequel le reformage
de la partie du câble (101) par les première et deuxième matrices de formage (109a,
109b) comprend l'une ou plusieurs des opérations d'estampage, de sertissage, de poinçonnage,
de forgeage, d'extrusion ou de refoulement de la partie du câble (101) ; éventuellement,
comprenant en sus un reformage supplémentaire de la partie du câble (101) par une
troisième et une quatrième matrices de formage (109c, 109d).
11. Le procédé d'une quelconque des revendications 8 à 10, dans lequel le finissage de
l'ébauche de coin (113) pour former le coin (100) comprend l'une ou plusieurs des
opérations de tonnelage, polissage, traitement thermique, durcissage, tempérage, rainurage
ou traitement de surface de l'ébauche de coin (113).
12. Le procédé d'une quelconque des revendications 8 à 11, comprenant en sus le déplacement
du coin (100) dans un renfoncement conique ; éventuellement, comprenant en sus l'application
d'une force de serrage en utilisant les coins (100) sur le toron (12).
13. Le procédé d'une quelconque des revendications 9 à 12, dans lequel les coins (100)
ont des rainures.
REFERENCES CITED IN THE DESCRIPTION
This list of references cited by the applicant is for the reader's convenience only.
It does not form part of the European patent document. Even though great care has
been taken in compiling the references, errors or omissions cannot be excluded and
the EPO disclaims all liability in this regard.
Patent documents cited in the description