TECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The present invention relates to a roller for moving or conveying sheet-shaped paper,
cloth, film, or the like, and to an apparatus employing such a roller; and in particular,
in the context of a roller that sucks dust or the like while rotating or to an apparatus
employing such a roller, relates to a roller for which friction at a surface thereof
is required or a roller for which suction or cooling and possession of air permeability
are required, as well as to an apparatus employing such a roller; for example, a roller
employed in any of various types of printing apparatus, coating apparatus, calendaring
apparatus, slitter apparatus, laminating apparatus, textile processing apparatus,
packaging apparatus, automatic cash dispenser, or other such conveyor apparatus or
the like comprising a belt conveyor or roller conveyor as well as to an apparatus
employing such a roller.
[0002] The present invention in particular relates to a roller according to the preamble
of claim 1.
BACKGROUND ART
[0004] Conventionally, rollers covered with resin tubes or fiber-like substances have been
used as rollers in conveyors and other such conveyor apparatuses and as rollers in
conveyor units in printing apparatuses. Furthermore, among the rollers which are employed
for feed, movement, or conveyance of sheet-like objects through utilization of friction,
solid rubber rollers which have high coefficient of friction are usually employed.
Where such a roller conveys a conveyed object in the form of sheet-like paper, film,
fabric, or the like, paper dust, dust, fibrous waste, and the like will adhere to
the surface of the roller, causing degradation of conveyance characteristics. To address
this, rollers in which recesses and projections are provided at the surface of the
roller and the like have been proposed, these being employed in a variety of apparatuses.
Furthermore, to prevent paper dust, dust, fibrous waste, and the like from adhering
to the roller surface, rollers covered with tubes comprising fluorocarbon resin having
low coefficient of friction, and apparatuses that clean surfaces of rollers on which
paper dust, dust, fibrous waste, and the like has adhered, have been developed.
[0005] Moreover, as suction rollers having air permeability for cooling or suction, rollers
having a multiplicity of suction holes formed at the surface thereof and rollers which
are cylindrical bodies having a multiplicity of slits formed therein and which are
formed such that fibril-like material is wound thereabout have been developed, these
being used as rollers in apparatuses for manufacture of resin film and/or sheet. It
so happens that in connection with rotary presses which are printing apparatuses,
from the standpoints of improvement of quality and improvement of productivity, and
from the standpoint of maintaining a clean environment as well, apparatuses and rollers
capable of conveying printed matter without coming in contact with the surfaces of
the printed matter that are coated with ink are desirable.
[0006] On the other hand, as a paper feed apparatus for a printer, an apparatus comprising
a cover member made of woven cloth has for example been proposed in which an outer
surface of a shell is coated with a low-friction material, this is further covered
with a cover member made of woven cloth, this cover member made of woven cloth is
impregnated with an ink-adhesion-preventing agent and is moreover formed into the
shape of a cylindrical seamless sleeve having open ends (see, for example, Patent
Reference No. 1).
[0007] Moreover, as a roller for conveying that can be easily covered by anyone and that
is capable of being manufactured at low cost, a cover has been proposed in which yarn
comprising heat-shrinkable fiber that has been coated with silicone resin having plentiful
lubricity, mold-releasability, and wear resistance is employed to manufacture a seamless
tube comprising knit fabric, braided fabric, or woven fabric, this seamless tube being
used to cover the outside circumference of a roller core (see, for example, Patent
Reference No. 2).
[0008] Moreover, there has been a proposal in which water-soluble polyvinyl alcohol fibers
are stranded together in a reversible pattern to form a cylindrical knit fabric, this
cylindrical knit fabric being used as cover material to cover a roller for conveying
magnetic tape (see, for example, Patent Reference No. 3).
[0009] Furthermore, in the context of a roller for conveying plate glass which has been
softened by heating, to achieve increase in the life of a sleeve comprising fiber
knit fabric which covers a roller core member and reduction in plate glass manufacturing
and processing cost, a glass conveying roller has been proposed which is a roller
for conveying plate glass which has been softened by heating and in which a sleeve
comprising knit fabric made of heat-resistant inorganic fiber is used to cover the
outside circumference of a roller core member, a protective covering moreover being
arranged at the surface of said sleeve (see, for example, Patent Reference No. 4).
[0010] Moreover, a conveying roller ensuring interfacial peel strength has been proposed
which is a conveying roller that, even without use of adhesive, has adequate required
interfacial peel strength between a metal core and a fluorocarbon resin tube, and
in which, in causing the outside circumferential surface of the metal core to be covered
by a heat-shrinkable tube made of fluorocarbon resin, at the outside circumferential
surface of this metal core, taking the outer contour in the circumferential direction
of the metal rod stock constituting the metal core starting material as an imaginary
line, groups of peak-like ridges that protrude beyond this imaginary line are formed
in regular fashion in a parallel state on the outside circumferential surface of the
metal core, at which time the depth of the valleys between mutually adjacent groups
of peak-like ridges is made to be at least 0.05 mm, as a result of which the conveying
roller is such that interfacial peel strength is ensured even when adhesive is not
used in combination therewith, permitting achievement of prevention of dislocation
and improvement in productivity (see, for example, Patent Reference No. 5).
[0011] Moreover, a suction roller has been proposed which is a cylindrical body having a
multiplicity of slits formed with fibril-like material wound thereabout, and formed
such that engaged with this cylindrical body is a tubular object comprising wire mesh,
screen, nonwoven fabric, woven fabric, or paper comprising synthetic fibers or natural
fibers, or plastic or metal which is porous (see, for example, Patent Reference No.
6).
[0012] Furthermore, a sheet conveyor apparatus has been proposed for increasing intimacy
of contact between a suction roller and a sheet traveling along the outside circumferential
surface thereof, for permitting definitive correction of positional dislocation due
to travel, and for causing offset defects not to be produced, which is a sheet conveyor
apparatus equipped with a suction roller that supports a moving and traveling sheet
at the outside circumferential surface thereof, this suction roller being such that
formed at the outermost peripheral surface region of a cylindrical roller made of
metal there is a mesh cylinder in which a multiplicity of suction holes of diameter
not greater than 1 mm are formed through creation of openings by means of etching
(see, for example, Patent Reference No. 7).
[0013] Moreover, a roller has been proposed which comprises a rubber elastic body in which
a multiplicity of grooves for attenuation of wear are formed at the outside circumferential
surface of a roller that comes in contact with a sheet-shaped article (see, for example,
Patent Reference No. 8).
[0014] As indicated at the foregoing Patent References, cover materials for rollers include
woven fabric, paper, nonwoven fabric, wire mesh, and knit fabric, as well as rubber
tubing, shrink tubing, and so forth. Furthermore, cover materials on which coating
or other such treatment has been carried out, coverings comprising heat-resistant
materials, knit fabrics in which elastomers have been embedded, and the like have
been developed. However, with conventional coverings, where the covering is constituted
from a fibrous or filamentous substance, rubbing contact with the conveyed object
and compression under load has caused occurrence of fraying due to breakage of filaments,
and as this fraying has progressed it has caused occurrence of problems affecting
conveyance characteristics and other such functions. Furthermore, with such rollers,
for maintenance of gripping characteristics or surface protection, coating treatment
is carried out in which a coating agent is used to impart the surface of the roller
with a coating layer, so as to improve the coefficient of friction or protect the
underlying fabric. However, where coatings are employed, sliding contact causes the
coating layer to wear, as a result of which there is the problem that life is shortened.
To increase life, it therefore becomes necessary to increase the thickness of the
coating layer, as a result of which there is the problem that manufacturing cost is
increased.
[0015] With rollers covered with the foregoing rubber tubing, shrink tubing, and other such
covering materials, tubing materials include fluorinated-type, polyolefin-type, and
silicone-type, as well as PET, PVC, rubber-type (EP rubber), and so forth, and there
is also woven fabric, knit fabric, and so forth. Where tubing comprising such materials
is employed there will be the problem of achieving adhesion to the core. For adhesion
to the core, heat-shrinkable tubing which is made to contract through use of heat
is therefore typically used. In addition, where lubricity or the like are required
at the surface, resin-type heat-shrink tubing is employed; and in particular where
low coefficient of friction is required, fluoro-type heat-shrink tubing is employed.
Furthermore, where gripping characteristics are required at the surface, rubber-type
tubing is employed.
[0016] Where such resin-type heat-shrink tubing is employed, circumstances related to tubing
manufacturing method ordinarily cause the surface to be slippery and to have poor
gripping characteristics. They are therefore not suited for applications where conveyed
objects are conveyed under low load. But in apparatuses where rollers acting together
form a nip at high load to allow gripping force to be obtained, resin-type heat-shrink
tubing is often used. Moreover, because fluoro-type and silicone-type resin tubings
are heat-resistant, these are employed in rollers that undergo heating. However, with
rollers employing such resin tubing, because circumstances related to manufacture
of the tubing cause the inner and outer surfaces to be slippery, while they are appropriate
as rollers where smooth surfaces are required, occurrence of slipping and the like
can result in feed nonuniformities in applications where conveying occurs with nips
at low loads. Moreover, where scratches or the like appear on the tubing, contaminant
adheres to such scratches, as a result of which defects are produced on the conveyed
object. Coverings for rollers requiring recesses and projections at the surface thereof
do not lend themselves to manufacturing methods.
[0017] Furthermore, where tubing comprising woven fabric and/or knit fabric is employed,
heat-shrink material is employed at the yarn and heat-shrinking is carried out to
achieve intimate contact, but there is the problem that there is fraying of yarn at
the end faces, as a result of which there is the issue that processing must be carried
out at the end faces, meaning that processing at the end faces is required. Moreover,
conventional woven fabric coverings are constituted from a single weave pattern, and
so such coverings cannot accommodate diverse rollers. With a knit fabric covering,
being basically caused by the shape of loops of yarn, there is stretchability due
to deformation of loops, this being characteristic of knit fabrics, and so where a
knit fabric is to be used as a covering for a roller, some means will be necessary
to control stretchability caused by such deformation of loops.
[0018] Next, with rollers used for ventilation, for cooling, or for suction, because holes
are ordinarily formed on the surface of the roller, there is the problem that processing
costs for carrying this out are high. To address this, Patent Reference No. 6 discloses
a suction roller in which there is a roller produced by winding a fibril-like material
about the surface of a cylindrical body on which a multiplicity of slits have been
formed, and screen, nonwoven fabric, woven fabric, or paper comprising synthetic fiber
or natural fiber, or a porous substance comprising plastic or metal which covers and
engages with the outside surface of the cylindrical body. However, where a covering
comprising ordinary woven fabric covers and engages with a cylindrical body, with
conventional mesh-like woven fabric having air permeability, as this is nothing more
than the intersections of warp yarn and weft yarn, there is a tendency for occurrence
of fraying due to breakage of yarn and of runs in the material as a result thereof,
and there is moreover a need to carry out prevention of fraying at the open ends of
the cylindrical covering. Also, because it is constituted in mesh-like fashion, its
properties will depend on the strength of a single yarn. Furthermore, in the context
of a suction roller for carrying out suction, to carry out conveyance without damaging
the surface of a sheet, there is the foregoing fraying prevention method and disclosure
of the foregoing Patent Reference No. 7 with holes provided at the surface by etching.
Thus, with suction rollers, problems include damage to the surface of the sheet, positional
dislocation during travel due to conveyance, offset defects, and so forth, as a result
of which fabrication of micropores, damage to the roller surface, burrs, and so forth
are problems. These have also therefore been a factor in increasing cost as attempts
have been made to improve the foregoing.
[0019] Moreover, with conventional ordinary rubber rollers which are rollers employed for
conveyance or feeding of paper and the like, rubber rollers made up of rubber layer(s)
at the surface thereof have such problems as the fact that gripping characteristics
with respect to paper deteriorate due to contamination at the surface as a result
of paper dust or the like and wear of the surface, and the fact that there will be
misfeeds and so forth in accompaniment to this deterioration in gripping fabrication.
This being the case, in order to address this, a construction has been adopted in
which recesses and projections are provided at the surface of the rubber roller, or
improvements have been made to the rubber material. Moreover, because the surface
is solid, there has been the problem that it has been impossible to avoid contamination
of the rubber surface, some apparatuses even being provided with a member which carries
out cleaning of the roller surface. Conventional rollers thus include a wide variety
of rollers, and roller mechanisms compatible with applications are known. In addition,
apparatuses for which conservation of resources, conservation of energy, recycling,
and low cost are desired, as well as rollers and roller mechanisms for use with such
apparatuses, have in recent years become necessary. What is more, due to the fact
that in the conventional art there is no technology that has been established which
can accommodate the low-variety/small-lot-size style of production that has come to
be seen in recent years, each time that a roller is to be fabricated it has been necessary
to first develop a suitable manufacturing method.
PRIOR ART REFERENCES
PATENT REFERENCES
[0020]
Patent Reference No. 1: Japanese Patent Application Publication Kokai No. H03[1991]-71848
Patent Reference No. 2: Japanese Patent Application Publication Kokai No. H10[1998]-204779
Patent Reference No. 3: Japanese Utility Model Application Publication Kokai No. S62[1987]-100956
Patent Reference No. 4: Japanese Utility Model Application Publication Kokai No. H05[1993]-45034
Patent Reference No. 5: Japanese Patent Application Publication Kokai No. 2007-254141
Patent Reference No. 6: Japanese Patent Application Publication Kokai No. H08[2006]-239146
Patent Reference No. 7: Japanese Patent Application Publication Kokai No. H09[1997]-67053
Patent Reference No. 8: Japanese Patent Application Publication Kokai No. H08[1996]-53251
SUMMARY OF INVENTION
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED BY INVENTION
[0021] A problem to be solved by the present invention is to eliminate the various problems
with the rollers which are rotating support members used in the foregoing conventional
apparatuses as well as apparatuses that use those rollers, and to provide rollers
comprising woven fabrics for use in a variety of apparatuses which achieve conservation
of resources, conservation of energy, recycling, and low cost as well as apparatuses
that employ such rollers.
MEANS FOR SOLVING PROBLEM
[0022] Of the means in accordance with the present invention for solving the foregoing problems,
a first means is a roller in accordance with claim 1. This roller is a roller that
conveys a sheet or an object, a roller that supplies a sheet or an object, a roller
that drives a belt, a roller that moves in idler fashion in accompaniment to movement
of a sheet or an object, a roller that uses air to cool or dry a moving sheet or object,
a roller that subjects a sheet or object to suction, or a roller that is opposed to
another roller and that is employed as a roller which cleans a surface against which
it is pressed. Woven fabric constituting the covering is provided at the surface of
such roller(s). It is a roller provided with woven fabric at a surface thereof which
is characterized in that this woven fabric is woven fabric produced by variation of
weave pattern or combination of weave patterns, comprising a weave pattern forming
a pattern in a more or less linear pattern of bands or at least two different patterns,
and constituted from a gap-forming portion that is a region forming a more or less
rectangular pattern in which warp yarn and weft yarn of said weave pattern cause formation
of lattice-like open holes or a more or less rectangular pattern that controls air
permeability and a non-gap-forming portion that is a region forming a more or less
rectangular pattern in which yarns of the woven fabric mutually approach or come in
contact.
[0023] In accordance with a second means, the gap-forming portion and the non-gap-forming
portion of the woven fabric constituting the covering provided at the surface of the
roller is formed in a pattern chosen from among variation of a plain weave pattern,
variation of a twill weave pattern, variation of a satin weave pattern, combination
of satin weave and plain weave patterns, combination of satin weave and twill weave
patterns, and combination of plain weave and twill weave patterns. This non-gap-forming
portion is a region formed so as to be, in the thickness direction thereof, of the
same thickness as the gap-forming portion or thicker than the thickness of the gap-forming
portion; and the covering comprises woven fabric in which the gap-forming portion
and the non-gap-forming portion are formed in adjacent and alternating fashion in
an axial direction or the gap-forming portion and the non-gap-forming portion are
formed in adjacent and alternating fashion in a rotational direction. The woven fabric
forming this covering has a width of the gap-forming portion and a width of the non-gap-forming
portion and a pitch, a step which is a difference in thicknesses at the gap-forming
portion and the non-gap-forming portion, an opening ratio of lattice-like holes at
the gap-forming portion, or a forming portion angle at which the gap-forming portion
and the non-gap-forming portion are formed relative to the rotational direction which
is compatible with a function of the roller in an apparatus in which it is employed
due to constitution of the yarn and the variation of the weave pattern or the combination
of the weave patterns. It is a roller provided with woven fabric at the surface thereof
in accordance with the first means characterized in that it comprises a covering which
has been made to undergo processing, performed on the yarn of such woven fabric(s)
or a material from which said yarn is constituted or the woven fabric(s), in correspondence
to the weave pattern and the yarn with which it was woven, chosen so as to be compatible
with the function of the roller.
[0024] In accordance with a third means, the step which is the difference in thicknesses
at the gap-forming portion and the non-gap-forming portion is due to means making
use of a difference between a yarn diameter of the warp yarn used in the gap-forming
portion and a yarn diameter of the warp yarn used in the non-gap-forming portion,
or means making use of a difference in flattening of multifilament at soft-twist multifilament
yarn comprising a plurality of fibers at the warp yarn. In addition, at least one
means is used such that this difference or these differences permit formation of the
difference in thicknesses at the gap-forming portion and the non-gap-forming portion
in the woven fabric. Moreover, it is a roller provided with woven fabric at the surface
thereof in accordance with the second means characterized in that the opening ratio
of the gaps at this gap-forming portion is such that the sizes of the lattice-like
holes are formed by means making use of yarn densities of the warp yarn and the weft
yarn in the gap-forming portion, means making use of the flattening of the yarn at
the soft-twist multifilament yarn at the gap-forming portion, or means making use
of the yarn diameter of the warp yarn and the yarn diameter of the weft yarn in the
gap-forming portion, at least one means being employed to constitute the gaps in the
gap-forming portion with the opening ratio at these lattice-like holes; and the woven
fabric which is the covering provided at the surface of the roller has the gaps in
the gap-forming portion and the steps which are required in correspondence to the
function.
[0025] In accordance with a fourth means, the woven fabric constituting the covering provided
at the surface of the roller is cylindrical woven fabric or sheet-like woven fabric,
is woven fabric prepared so that it has a coefficient of friction which is required
at the surface of the roller, and is woven fabric in which the step between the gap-forming
portion and the non-gap-forming portion is formed as necessary. It is a roller provided
with woven fabric at the surface thereof in accordance with the third means characterized
in that this woven fabric is such that the coefficient of friction which is a necessary
surface condition at the surface at the roller is made to be a coefficient of friction
due to the yarn employed at the woven fabric, or the coefficient of friction is made
to be a coefficient of friction required for the function of the roller as a result
of use, at least at the yarn in the region where there is the approach or the coming
in contact, of yarn which includes a material that controls coefficient of friction;
processing is carried out before or after the covering is installed thereon through
use of yarn that includes fiber to prevent fraying of yarn, the roller having undergone
processing for prevention of fraying; and dislocation prevention means have been employed
which prevent the covering from undergoing dislocation in the axial direction and
dislocation in the rotational direction due to rubbing and compression when the roller
is rotating.
[0026] In accordance with a fifth means, this is a roller provided with woven fabric at
the surface thereof in accordance with any one means among the second through fourth
means characterized in that the step between the gap-forming portion and the non-gap-forming
portion is constituted by stripes in the pattern of the bands or the at least two
different patterns; the roller employs fraying prevention means by which prevention
of fraying of the yarn is such that prevention is carried out at the surface of the
rotating support member or the woven fabric; dislocation prevention means are present
which prevent the covering from undergoing dislocation in the axial direction and
dislocation in the rotational direction due to rubbing and compression when the roller
is rotating; the means for preventing fraying of the yarn of the covering is fraying
prevention means making use of thermoplastic deformation or plastic deformation due
to stress on the yarn, fraying prevention means making use of adhesive or coating
agent, or fraying prevention means making use of thermal welding through inclusion
of low-melting-point hot-melt yarn within the yarn of the woven fabric, the woven
fabric being such that at least one fraying prevention means being employed such that
fraying of the yarn is prevented; the means for preventing dislocation of the covering
from the rotating member is means for preventing dislocation of the covering from
the rotating support member making use of a gripping force comprising a force of tightening
which is a force of contraction or a force of stretching of the woven fabric and friction
between the covering and the rotating support member at the covering, dislocation
prevention means making use of a force of contraction or a force of stretching of
the woven fabric and protrusions constituting roughness of the surface of the rotating
support member, dislocation prevention means making use of a projection at the covering
and a recess at the rotating support member, dislocation prevention means making use
of mesh-like gaps in the woven fabric constituting the covering and protrusion-like
regions or hook-like regions on the rotating support member that engage therewith,
dislocation prevention means making use of adhesion or thermal fusing, or dislocation
prevention means making use of an antirotation member, the roller being such that
dislocation between the covering and the rotating support member is prevented as a
result of employment of at least one dislocation prevention means; and being such
that prevention of fraying of the yarn by the fraying prevention means and prevention
of dislocation with respect to the rotating support member by the dislocation prevention
means are carried out.
[0027] In accordance with a sixth means, this is a roller provided with woven fabric at
the surface thereof in accordance with the fifth means characterized in that the means
for preventing dislocation of the covering from the rotating support member making
use of the gripping force comprising the force of tightening which is the force of
contraction or the force of stretching of the woven fabric and friction between the
covering and the rotating support member at the covering is means for preventing dislocation
of the covering in which the surface of the rotating support member is covered with
a material that is different from the covering and that is a material that comprises
an elastic body having a coefficient of friction higher than the coefficient of friction
of the woven fabric and in which the gripping force is obtained from the force of
tightening due to the force from stretching or the force from heat-shrinking the woven
fabric and this rotating support member, means for preventing dislocation of the rotating
support member and the covering in which the gripping force is obtained from the force
of tightening due to heat-shrinking or tension due to stretchability of the woven
fabric which is such that elastic fiber having high coefficient of friction and having
stretchability is included in the yarn comprising a plurality of filaments used in
the woven fabric constituting the covering and friction of the rotating support member
and this elastic fiber, means for preventing dislocation of the covering making use
of the protrusions on the rotating support member on which the protrusions are formed
so as to be lower in height than the thickness of the gap-forming portion in the woven
fabric and engagement with the lattice of the gap-forming portion of said woven fabric
or contact of said protrusions and said woven fabric, means for preventing dislocation
of the covering making use of engagement between the projection at the satin weave
portion of the woven fabric and the recess at the rotating support member, means for
preventing dislocation making use of engagement between the hook-like regions or the
protrusion-like regions provided on the rotating support member and the holes formed
by machining of the woven fabric, means for preventing dislocation of the covering
in which the covering antirotation member is provided at an end of the roller, means
for preventing dislocation of the rotating support member and the covering operating
by means of thermal fusing making use of heating and such that thermally fusible fiber
or yarn including thermally fusible fiber is used at the yarn of the woven fabric
constituting the covering as a result of thermal action, means for preventing dislocation
of the rotating support member and the covering in which pressure-sensitive adhesive
or non-pressure-sensitive adhesive constituting physical action or chemical action
is provided on the rotating support member, or means for preventing dislocation of
the covering in which the covering is compressed by the antirotation member at an
end face of the roller, at least one dislocation prevention means being employed to
prevent the covering from being dislocated from the rotating support member as it
rotates.
[0028] In accordance with the seventh means, this is a roller provided with woven fabric
at the surface thereof in accordance with the sixth means characterized in that the
woven fabric constituting the covering comprises yarn comprising artificial fiber
extending in the direction of rotation of the rotating support member and yarn selected
from any among covered yarn formed covering filament other than elastic fiber with
elastic fiber, yarn having multiple plies which is twisted yarn formed by soft-twisting
elastic fiber with filament different from elastic fiber, yarn comprising crimped
fiber, yarn comprising heat-shrinkable fiber, and yarn including thermally fusible
yarn comprising low melting point; the woven fabric is heat-shrinkable or stretchable
in the direction of rotation of rotating support member; the yarn extending in the
axial direction of this woven fabric is selected from at least two yarns among yarn
which is such that yarn used at the satin weave portion and the plain weave portion
or the twill weave portion comprises nonstretchable monofilament, yarn comprising
nonstretchable multifilament, yarn including thermally fusible yarn comprising low
melting point, yarn comprising elastic fiber having high coefficient of friction,
and yarn comprising yarn including elastic fiber having high coefficient of friction,
the yarn including nonstretchable filament or the nonstretchable yarn thereamong being
employed at at least the yarn extending in the axial direction of the rotating support
member to produce the woven fabric in which stretching in the axial direction of the
rotating support member is controlled, this woven fabric being made to serve as the
covering at the surface of the rotating support member.
[0029] In accordance with the eighth means, this is a means in the context of the roller
at which the covering comprising woven fabric is provided at the surface of the rotating
support member in accordance with any one means among the first through the seventh
means, and in accordance with this means, this is an apparatus employing the roller
at which the covering comprising woven fabric is provided at the surface of the rotating
support member characterized in that said roller is made to be supply means, conveyance
means, drive means, cooling means, suction means, or cleaning means at the apparatus,
at least one means among these means being employed at the apparatus.
BENEFIT OF THE INVENTION
[0030] The present invention is a roller in which the surface of the roller is covered with
a covering comprising woven fabric, the woven fabric constituting the covering which
is provided at the surface of this roller being a covering which is woven fabric formed
from at least two patterns or a pattern which is a pattern of bands in a constitution
in which gaps in this woven fabric are formed so as to be compatible with a function
for which the roller is employed, being woven fabric produced by variation of weave
pattern or combination of weave patterns, this covering being employed such that a
portion of the woven fabric which is a non-gap-forming portion which is woven in a
more or less rectangular shape and in which yarns mutually approach or come in contact
and a portion of the woven fabric which is a more or less rectangular gap-forming
portion forming a pattern of bands or at least two patterns are constituted in adjacent
fashion in the direction of rotation of the roller, the woven fabric which covers
the surface of the roller being such that recesses and projections may be provided
at the woven fabric due to a difference in flattening of yarn(s), or due to thicknesses
of yarns being such that there are respectively different yarn diameters when a plurality
of yarns are employed, permitting the roller to be made such that recesses and projections
produced by the woven fabric are formed at the surface of the roller as necessary.
[0031] Moreover, where the woven fabric has undergone an operation to prevent fraying of
yarn due to breakage of yarn, rubbing, or the like, strength is adequately improved
in a constitution in which the woven fabric has been imparted with strength or a constitution
in which the woven fabric tends not to mar conveyed objects and/or there is prevention
of fraying of yarn due to rubbing or the like during rotation, or, where gripping
is required at the surface, where this is made to be a woven fabric woven such that
elastic fiber having high coefficient of friction is included within the yarn, or
woven fabric woven using yarn having elastic fiber of high coefficient of friction
at the yarns which mutually approach or come in contact where yarn density is high,
causing this woven fabric to be provided at the surface of a roller makes it possible
to achieve a roller having a high coefficient of friction, which is more conservative
of resources than the rubber rollers and other such rollers comprising solid members
that have conventionally been employed where coefficient of friction has been required,
making it possible to reduce roller weight and permitting contribution to conservation
of energy at the apparatus. Or conversely, in rollers where low coefficient of friction
is required, it is possible to constitute a roller having low coefficient of friction
by adopting a woven fabric constitution or a yarn constitution that causes reduction
in the area over which contact is made or by employing materials comprising fluorocarbon
resin which has low coefficient of friction as material of the yarn.
[0032] Moreover, where a roller is provided with a covering at the surface of the roller
under conditions that do not involve adhesion or thermal fusing, it will be possible
in the event that the end of life is reached due to wear or the like at the surface
of the covering to replace only the woven fabric serving as covering at the surface
while leaving the rotating support member serving as the core where it is so that
it may continue to be used. Furthermore, by causing a covering comprising woven fabric
to be provided at a rotating support member which rotates it will be possible to achieve
a constitution in which scratches, offset defects, and the like tend not to occur
even in apparatuses in which conditions are severe in terms of possibility for occurrence
of scratches, offset defects, and the like on conveyed objects, and with respect to
manufacturing cost as well, inasmuch as it is merely a matter of causing arrangement
thereof at the rotating support member it will be possible to achieve supply thereof
at low cost, and being a roller which allows conservation of resources, conservation
of energy, recycling, and low cost, this roller is capable of being employed in an
apparatus having supply means, paper feed means, conveyance means, drive means, cooling
means, drying means, or suction means at the apparatus, or in powder cleaning means,
and it will be possible to adopt the foregoing for provision in the form of a supply
roller at means for supplying sheets, a pickup roller or feed roller at paper feed
means for feeding sheets, paper, or the like, an idler roller or a drive roller at
means for conveying sheet-like objects, an idler roller or a drive roller that drives
a belt or the like, a cooling roller that cools media possessing heat, a drying roller
that carries out drying while rotating, a roller that subjects a conveyed object to
suction or that sucks dust or the like from a transfer body surface, a cleaning roller
at means for cleaning powder or the like, and so forth, and it will be possible provide
apparatuses employing the foregoing.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0033]
[FIG. 1] Example showing in schematic fashion a roller covered with woven fabric having
a pattern of lateral bands, (a) being a side view, and (b) being a partial front view.
[FIG. 2] Example showing in schematic fashion a roller covered with woven fabric having
a pattern of longitudinal bands, (a) being a side view, and (b) being a partial front
view.
[FIG. 3] Example showing in schematic fashion a roller covered in helical fashion
in the direction of rotation by woven fabric comprising cylindrical weave, (a) being
a side view, and (b) being a partial front view.
[FIG. 4] Example showing in schematic fashion a roller having an air-permeable portion
capable of cooling and/or suction which is covered with woven fabric that is cylindrical
weave in which approximately one-half is a lattice-like pattern having gaps and approximately
one-half is a pattern that does not form gaps, (a) being a side view, and (b) being
a partial front view.
[FIG. 5] Exemplary constitution at which varying a plain weave pattern causes formation
of a non-gap-forming portion and a gap-forming portion in woven fabric provided at
the surface of a roller, (a) being a plan view and (b) being a side view.
[FIG. 6] Exemplary constitution at which combination of patterns in satin weave and
plain weave or twill weave causes formation of a non-gap-forming portion and a gap-forming
portion in woven fabric provided at the surface of a roller, (a) being a plan view
and (b) being a side view.
[FIG. 7] Exemplary constitution at which multifilament is employed at warp yarn which
forms gaps so as to decrease gap size in woven fabric comprising a non-gap-forming
portion and a gap-forming portion constituted as a result of variation in plain weave
pattern, (a) being a plan view and (b) being a side view.
[FIG. 8] Exemplary constitution at which multifilament is employed at weft yarn which
forms gaps so as to decrease gap size in woven fabric having a non-gap-forming portion
and a gap-forming portion constituted as a result of variation in plain weave pattern,
(a) being a plan view and (b) being a side view.
[FIG. 9] Exemplary constitution at which multifilament yarns comprising pluralities
of fibers are employed at small-diameter warp yarn 26a and large-diameter warp yarn
26b in woven fabric having a non-gap-forming portion and a gap-forming portion constituted
as a result of combination of patterns in satin weave and plain weave, (a) being a
plan view and (b) being a side view.
[FIG. 10] Example of use of yarn and example of combination of weave patterns, (a)
being a sectional view and (b) being a plan view.
[FIG. 11] Example of use of yarn, example of combination of patterns in satin weave
and plain weave, and example of heat-shrinkability in the radial direction, (a) being
a sectional view and (b) being a plan view.
[FIG. 12] Example of use of yarn, example of combination of patterns in satin weave
and plain weave, and example of stretchability or heat-shrinkability in the radial
direction, (a) being a sectional view and (b) being a plan view.
[FIG. 13] Example of prevention of fraying at open ends of heat-shrinkable cylindrical
woven fabric which employs heat-shrink yarn at weft yarn, the upper portion of the
drawing being the situation before heat-shrinking, where (a) is a sectional view and
(b) is a partial front view; and the lower portion of the drawing being the situation
after heat-shrinking, where (c) is a side view and (d) is a partial front view.
[FIG. 14] Example of prevention of fraying and prevention of dislocation at ends of
stretchable cylindrical woven fabric which employs stretchable yarn at weft yarn,
the upper portion of the drawing being the situation after engagement with the stretchable
cylindrical woven fabric, where (a) is a sectional view and (b) is a partial front
view; and the lower portion of the drawing being the situation after retainer rings
have been used to cause the ends of the cylindrical woven fabric to be brought into
intimate contact with the ends of the rotating support member, where (c) is a side
view and (d) is a partial front view.
[FIG. 15] Example in which grooves in the axial direction of the rotating support
member are provided and portions in satin weave serving as projections engage with
these grooves to prevent dislocation of the woven fabric in the rotational direction,
(a) being a sectional view, (b) being a side view, (c) being a partial front view,
and (d) being a partial front view of the rotating support member.
[FIG. 16] Example in which protrusions are provided at a flange of the rotating support
member and the protrusions are made to mate with spaces in the woven fabric constituting
the covering to prevent dislocation, (a) being a sectional view, (b) being a side
view, (c) being a partial front view, and (d) being a partial front view of the rotating
support member.
[FIG. 17] Example of a situation in which woven fabric serving as covering is employed
at pickup roller having semicircular cross-section at a paper tray employed in an
electrophotographic apparatus or the like, in which said covering is formed in sheet-like
fashion, and in which the ends of said covering are made to catch on hooks of the
rotating support member which are molded products to prevent dislocation of said covering,
(a) being a sectional view, (b) being a side view, (c) being a front view, and (d)
being a front view of the support member, (e) being a plan view of the covering, and
(f) being a plan view of a covering having attachment holes produced by means of punching.
[FIG. 18] Sectional views of rollers on which the coverings at Example 1 through Example
6 in accordance with the present invention have been installed.
[FIG. 19] Roller for air cooling or air suction in accordance with the present invention,
(a) being a sectional view, (b) being a side view, (c) being a partial front view,
and (d) being a partial front view of the support member.
[FIG. 20] Drawing showing locations at which various rollers are used in a printing
apparatus.
[FIG. 21] Roller conveyor employing rollers in accordance with the present invention,
(a) being a plan view, and (b) being a front view.
[FIG. 22] Drawing showing in schematic fashion a suction roller apparatus comprising
a suction roller.
[FIG. 23] Shows exemplary constitution of apparatus in which cut-sheet media is conveyed
by air suction, (a) being a suction roller that subjects cut-sheet media to suction,
and (b) being a suction roller and suction apparatus.
[FIG. 24] Graph showing theoretical calculations for the relationship between tensile
strength woven and fabric yarn filament diameter.
[FIG. 25] Graph showing theoretical calculations for the relationship between tensile
strength and number of yarns in the axial direction for several woven fabric yarn
filament diameters.
[FIG. 26] Graph showing relationship between slippage torque load and tensile force
at a rotating support member comprising an aluminum roller covered with a covering
comprising cylindrical woven fabric from Working Example 3.
[FIG. 27] Schematic diagram showing test method for measurement of torque for occurrence
of slippage between an aluminum roller and a covering comprising woven fabric.
[FIG. 28] Graph showing relationship between dislocation load at which derailment
from grooves occurs and woven fabric step size.
[FIG. 29] Schematic view showing test apparatus employed in method for testing effect
of step.
[FIG. 30] Drawing showing exemplary operations that may be carried out when fabricating
a roller in which a rotating support member is covered with a covering in cylindrical
weave using heat-shrink weft yarn.
EMBODIMENTS FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
[0034] Below, embodiments of the present invention are described with reference to tables
and drawings. Roller 1 of the present invention is a roller 1 that has provided at
the surface thereof a covering 3 comprising woven fabric 2, covering 3 being woven
fabric 2 constituted from at least two patterns or stripes 4 in a pattern of bands,
this woven fabric 2 comprising one basic pattern which is a non-gap-forming portion
7 constituted from two more or less linear rectangular patterns 6, and another basic
pattern which is a gap-forming portion 9 at which yarns 5 form gaps 8 after the fashion
of a lattice, non-gap-forming portion 7 being such that yarns therein mutually approach
or come in contact so that gaps are not formed between yarns.
[0035] Moreover, as shown in FIGS. 1 through 4, the basic constitution of a roller 1 in
accordance with the present invention is such that it is made up of woven fabric 2
which constitutes covering 3 and rotating support member 10 which supports this woven
fabric 2; pattern angle 11, step 12 between respective patterns, pattern width 13
and pitch 14, opening ratio of gaps 15, and the coefficient of friction at the surface
of and the coefficient of friction at the back of covering 3 being set as required
depending on the function for which roller 1 is being employed.
[0036] FIGS. 1 through 4 show an exemplary basic constitution of a roller 1 in accordance
with the present invention. FIG. 1 is an exemplary roller 1 covered with covering
3 made to have stripes 4 in a pattern of bands at which cylindrical woven fabric 2a
comprising a pattern of lateral bands 16 wherein weave pattern is varied or different
weave patterns are used to produce cylindrical weave 23a. Forming a pattern of lateral
bands 16 on the surface of roller 1 in this way makes it possible to easily adopt
roller 1 for use as a pickup roller 1 or as a supply roller 1 capable of uniform conveyance
in the long direction 17 thereof or the like. Alternatively, although not shown in
the drawings, if roller 1 is formed so as to be constituted not to have projections
at the surface thereof, it will be possible to adopt roller 1 for use as a roller
1 for sheet-like conveyance, a drive roller 1, or an idler roller 1. Furthermore,
if air holes 10f shown at (b) in FIG. 4 are provided at rotating support member 10
which supports woven fabric 2 of this covering 3, it will be possible to adopt this
for use as a suction roller and/or cooling roller.
[0037] FIG. 2 is an exemplary roller 1 covered with covering 3 made to have stripes 4 in
a pattern of bands at which woven fabric 2 is made to constitute a pattern of longitudinal
bands 21 due to cylindrical weave 23a as a result of the fact that weave pattern is
varied or different weave patterns are used. Forming a pattern of longitudinal bands
21 on the surface of roller 1 in this manner causes the thickness 22 of non-gap-forming
portion 7 to be uniform, and causes the thickness 22 of gap-forming portion 9 to be
uniform, in the direction of rotation 19. By moreover providing steps 12 at the surface,
a constitution is attained which permits reduction in lateral displacement of an object
when conveying the object, and which can be adopted for use as a roller 1 in an apparatus
for which reduction in lateral displacement is desired. Furthermore, by constituting
it in this fashion, it will be possible to adopt it for use as a roller 1 in a roller
conveyor or the like. Moreover, as was the case at the foregoing FIG. 1, although
not shown in FIG. 2, if air holes 10f shown at (b) in FIG. 4 are provided at roller
1 which supports woven fabric 2 of this covering 3, it will be possible to adopt this
for use as a suction roller and/or cooling roller.
[0038] FIG. 3 is an exemplary roller 1 wherein covering 3 made to have stripes 4 in a pattern
of bands comprising woven fabric 2 at which weave pattern is varied or different weave
patterns are used to constitute a pattern of lateral bands 16 in the form of cylindrical
weave 23a is provided over rotating support member 10, woven fabric 2 which comprises
this cylindrical weave 23a being twisted in the direction of rotation 19 so as to
constitute a pattern of helical bands. Causing the pattern of lateral bands 16 comprising
woven fabric 2 to form a pattern of helical bands on the surface of roller 1 in this
way permits a roller 1 to be attained in which force is applied in the direction of
rotation 19 and force is applied in the axial direction 20, making it possible for
this to be adopted for use as a flat surface cleaning roller, or as a cleaning roller
or the like in an apparatus that employs powder or the like.
[0039] FIG. 4 shows an exemplary roller 1 at which a covering 3 is formed having stripes
4 in two different patterns of bands comprising woven fabric 2 at which at cylindrical
weave 23a, due to the fact that weave pattern is varied or different weave patterns
are used, approximately one-half is a lattice-like pattern 24 having gaps 15 and approximately
one-half is a region at which yarns mutually approach or come in contact, being a
pattern without gaps 15 and having a portion of width 13a which is a non-gap-forming
portion, this woven fabric 2 in which air holes 10f are present being provided on
rotating support member 10, a location on woven fabric 2 at which gap-forming portion
9, i.e., lattice-like pattern 24, is formed being an air-permeable portion having
a portion of width 13b which is a gap-forming portion capable of suction and/or cooling.
By rotating this roller 1, it is possible to easily provide a roller 1 which permits
suction and/or cooling to easily be switched on and off. Furthermore, by employing
yarn which includes fibers having high coefficient of friction at non-gap-forming
portion 7, and by employing yarn having low coefficient of friction at gap-forming
portion 9, it is possible to make this capable of intermittent feed such as might
occur when a conveyed object is fed for one half-rotation and is stopped for one half-rotation,
or the like.
[0040] FIG. 5 shows an exemplary constitution at which varying of plain weave 27 weave pattern
serves as means for forming non-gap-forming portion 7 and gap-forming portion 9 at
woven fabric 2 provided at the surface of roller 1, (a) being a surface view and (b)
being a side view. As indicated at the exemplary constitution in which weave pattern
is varied at FIG. 5, the means for forming non-gap-forming portion 7 and gap-forming
portion 9 is that whereas weft yarns 25 have prescribed yarn pitch 14, which is to
say that weft yarns 25 are arranged at weft yarn pitch 14a; interlaced with these
weft yarns 25 there are small-diameter warp yarns 26a serving as warp yarns 26 that
form gaps 15 therebetween, to form gap-forming portion 9 comprising gap regions 9a
constituted so as to have these gaps 15; and also interlaced with these weft yarns
25 there are large-diameter warp yarns 26b serving as warp yarns 26 in a constitution
in which there are no gaps therebetween, forming non-gap-forming portion 7 comprising
gapless regions 7a, the plain weave 27 weave pattern being such that there is this
gap-forming portion 9 and this non-gap-forming portion 7. That is, small-diameter
warp yarn 26a at prescribed pitch 14b in gap-forming portion 9 constitutes gap-forming
portion 9 in plain weave 27, forming gaps 8 after the fashion of a lattice formed
such that there is pitch 14a between weft yarns and pitch 14b between respective small-diameter
warp yarns 26a therein, this region serving as gap region 9a. Gapless region 7a and
gap region 9a are thus formed by varying the weave pattern at woven fabric 2, gapless
region 7a being made to serve as non-gap-forming portion 7, and this being an exemplary
constitution in which plain weave 27 weave pattern is varied and which comprises a
gap-forming portion 9 in which the size of the gaps 15 thereof can be varied by varying
the pitch 14a between weft yarns and the pitch 14b between small-diameter warp yarns
26a in this gap region 9a. This is also an exemplary diagram of a situation in which
thickness of small-diameter warp yarn 26a is different from that of large-diameter
warp yarn 26b, being an example of a situation in which distance H
2 between large-diameter warp yarns 26b at the respective front and back of non-gap-forming
portion 7 is different from distance H
1 between small-diameter warp yarns 26a at the respective front and back of gap-forming
portion 9, and in which thickness 22 of non-gap-forming portion 7 and thickness 22
of gap-forming portion 9 are different, variation in the plain weave 27 weave pattern
causing presence of recesses and projections at the front and back thereof. Note that
pitch 14c between adjacent large-diameter warp yarns 26a at the respective front and
back of non-gap-forming portion 7 is shown at (b) in FIG. 5.
[0041] FIG. 6 shows an exemplary constitution at which combination of weave patterns is
employed for formation of non-gap-forming portion 7 and gap-forming portion 9 at woven
fabric 2 provided at the surface of roller 1, (a) being a surface view and (b) being
a side view. As indicated at the exemplary constitution in which combination of weave
patterns is employed at FIG. 6, the means for forming non-gap-forming portion 7 and
gap-forming portion 9 is that weft yarns 25 have prescribed pitch 14, which is to
say that weft yarns 25 are arranged at weft yarn pitch 14a, and in a satin weave 28
weave pattern in which distance between weft yarns 25 that are weft yarns 25 which
intersect with warp yarns 26 is greater than would be the case for a plain weave 27
weave pattern, large-diameter warp yarns 26b are woven in a constitution such that
they mutually approach or come in contact, this being a region in which gaps tend
not to form, to produce non-gap-forming portion 7 comprising gapless regions 7a. In
contradistinction hereto, at gap-forming portion 9, small-diameter warp yarns 26a
together with weft yarns 25 at prescribed weft yarn pitch 14a constitute plain weave
27 or twill weave 29 in similar fashion as weft yarns 25, forming gaps 8 after the
fashion of a lattice formed at pitch 14b between small-diameter warp yarns 26a and
weft yarns 25 therein, this region serving as gap region 9a. By thus employing combination
of weave patterns at woven fabric 2 for formation of gapless region 7a and gap region
9a, gapless region 7a is made to serve as non-gap-forming portion 7, and because gap
region 9a is such that the size of the gaps 15 therein can be varied by varying pitch
14a between weft yarns and the pitch 14b between small-diameter warp yarns 26a, this
is an exemplary constitution in which there is combination of weave patterns serving
as gap-forming portion 9, and being an example of a situation in which the magnitudes
of distance H
1 between small-diameter warp yarns 26a and distance H
2 between large-diameter warp yarns 26b are different, and in which the thickness 22
of non-gap-forming portion 7 and the thickness 22 of gap-forming portion 9 are different,
this is also an exemplary constitution in which combination of satin weave 28 and
plain weave 27 weave patterns causes formation of recesses and projections at the
front side thereof.
[0042] FIG. 7 shows an exemplary constitution at which combination of weave patterns is
employed for formation of non-gap-forming portion 7 and gap-forming portion 9 constituted
as a result of variation in plain weave 27 weave pattern, (a) being a surface view
and (b) being a side view. In the context of woven fabric 2 in an exemplary constitution
in which there is combination of weave patterns for formation of non-gap-forming portion
7 and gap-forming portion 9, this is an exemplary constitution in which soft-twist
multifilament 30 is used at small-diameter warp yarn 26a which forms gaps 15, the
plurality of fibers which form small-diameter warp yarn 26a spreading out and assuming
a flattened state where small-diameter warp yarns 26a comprising multifilament yarn
30a are over weft yarns 25 comprising monofilament 31, use of multifilament 30 at
warp yarn 26a causing decrease in the size of gaps 15, and being an example of a situation
in which the magnitudes of distance H
2 between large-diameter warp yarns 26b and distance H
1 between small-diameter warp yarns 26a are different, and in which the thickness 22
of non-gap-forming portion 7 and the thickness 22 of gap-forming portion 9 are different,
this is also an exemplary constitution in which plain weave 27 weave pattern is employed
for formation of recesses and projections at the front and back thereof.
[0043] Furthermore, FIG. 8 shows an exemplary constitution at which combination of weave
patterns is employed for formation of non-gap-forming portion 7 and gap-forming portion
9 constituted as a result of variation in plain weave 27 weave pattern, (a) being
a surface view and (b) being a side view. In the context of woven fabric 2 in which
non-gap-forming portion 7 and gap-forming portion 9 are formed, this is an exemplary
constitution in which soft-twist multifilament 30 is used at weft yarn 25 which forms
gaps 15, the plurality of fibers which form weft yarn 25 spreading out and assuming
a flattened state where weft yarns 25 comprising multifilament yarn 30a are over warp
yarns 26a comprising monofilament 31, use of multifilament 30 at weft yarn 25 causing
narrowing of gaps 15, and being an example of a situation in which the magnitudes
of distance H
1 between respective small-diameter warp yarns 26a and distance H
2 between respective large-diameter warp yarns 26b are different, and in which the
thickness 22 of non-gap-forming portion 7 and the thickness 22 of gap-forming portion
9 are different, and also being an example of a situation in which gaps 15 are formed
so as to have narrow width in the lateral direction as a result of the fact that pitch
between a small-diameter warp yarns 26a and the adjacent small-diameter warp yarn
26a is 14b, this is also an exemplary constitution in which plain weave 27 weave pattern
is employed for formation of recesses and projections at the front and back thereof.
[0044] FIG. 9 shows an exemplary constitution at which combination of weave patterns is
employed for formation of non-gap-forming portion 7 and gap-forming portion 9 constituted
from combination of satin weave 28 and plain weave 27 weave patterns, (a) being a
surface view and (b) being a side view. At woven fabric 2 in which non-gap-forming
portion 7 and gap-forming portion 9 are formed, an example is indicated in which small-diameter
warp yarn 26a and large-diameter warp yarn 26b both employ multifilament yarn 30 comprising
a plurality of fibers, pitch 14b between small-diameter warp yarns 26a being formed
so as to be a distance which is such that small-diameter warp yarns 26a on the same
surface thereof do not mutually come in contact. Accordingly, this small-diameter
warp yarn 26a, being soft-twist multifilament yarn 30, the multifilament yarn 30 at
small-diameter warp yarn 26a, as it not controlled by the adjacent small-diameter
warp yarn 26a, is such that the fibers, i.e., filaments, are made to spread out and
assume a flattened state over weft yarn 25, so that filament gaps are made to assume
a small state. In addition, this is an exemplary constitution in which, because large-diameter
warp yarns 26b at the same surface mutually approach or come in contact, they tend
not to assume a flattened state such as is the case with small-diameter warp yarns
26a; and furthermore, because this region is woven in satin weave 28, steps 12 tend
to form at the surface on the side at which large-diameter warp yarns 26b in satin
weave 28 are more exposed, while on the surface at the backside therefrom, as compared
with the situation at the surface on which large-diameter warp yarns 26b are more
exposed, there is less control due to adjacent yarns, and so they tend to assume a
flattened state, such that steps 12 due to non-gap-forming portion 7 and gap-forming
portion 9 are formed on the side at which warp yarns 26 are more exposed, the state
at the surface on the back side being such that steps are almost completely absent
there. Also, the magnitudes of distance H
1 between respective small-diameter warp yarns 26a comprising multifilament 30 and
small-diameter warp yarns 26a comprising multifilament 30 and distance H
2 between large-diameter warp yarns 26b comprising multifilament 30 are different,
such that distance H
1 distance ≤ distance H
2. That is, this is an example of a situation in which the thickness 22 of non-gap-forming
portion 7 and the thickness 22 of gap-forming portion 9 are different, combination
of the satin weave 28 weave pattern and the plain weave 27 weave pattern causing formation
of recesses and projections at the front side thereof.
[0045] As indicated above, FIG. 5 and FIG. 6 indicate means for constituting non-gap-forming
portion 7 and gap-forming portion 9 through variation of weave pattern or combination
of weave patterns; FIG. 7 and FIG. 8 indicate exemplary constitutions in which yarn
5 causes gaps 15 at gap-forming portion 9 to become small; and FIG. 9 indicates an
exemplary constitution of a means for forming steps 12 at one side. In this way, it
is possible to form a wide variety of non-gap-forming portions 7 and gap-forming portions
9 through variation of weave pattern or combination of weave patterns at woven fabric
2 which serves as covering 3.
[0046] Furthermore, as means for imparting a required coefficient of friction to the surface
of roller 1, where a low coefficient of friction is required at roller 1, a roller
1 having a low coefficient of friction may be fabricated through means causing reduction
in area over which contact is made with an object subject to conveyance or with an
opposing roller 1, and/or means employing yarn 5 having low coefficient of friction
at yarn 5 in woven fabric 2 serving as covering 3. For example, at woven fabric 2
shown in FIG. 12, where there is combination of satin weave 28 and plain weave 27
weave patterns, the surface of roller 1 may be made to have low coefficient of friction
through means in which contact area is reduced as a result of formation of non-gap-forming
portion 7 comprising steps 12 as a result of causing core yarn 32 serving as warp
yarn 26 comprising monofilament 31 which is thicker than other yarn 5 to be employed
as the yarn 5 of weft yarn 25 which is more exposed at linear portions as a result
of being in satin weave 28, or through means in which fluorinated fibers comprising
fluorocarbon resin of low coefficient of friction are employed at, of the yarns 5
which form non-gap-forming portion 7 and the gap-forming portion 9, at least the yarns
5 which mutually approach or the yarns 5 which mutually come in contact at non-gap-forming
portion 7.
[0047] Conversely, where a high coefficient of friction is required at the surface of roller
1, by employing yarn 5 in which a material such as polyurethane fiber(s) which are
elastic fiber(s) having high coefficient of friction are twisted together at core
yarn 32 or employing yarn 5 in which core yarn 32 is covered with a material such
as polyurethane fiber(s) which are elastic fiber(s) having high coefficient of friction,
or by employing a material such as polyurethane fiber(s) having high coefficient of
friction and comprising elastic fiber(s) at the yarn 5 from which at least non-gap-forming
portion 7 is formed, it will be possible to cause roller 1 to be such that the surface
of rotating support member 10 has high coefficient of friction. Furthermore, where
projections are not required at the surface, by employing the same yarn 5 as the yarn
5 used at woven fabric 2, it will be possible to form a surface without recesses and
projections. Furthermore, with respect to recesses and projections at one surface,
as mentioned above at the description with reference to FIG. 9, employment of multifilament
yarn 30a at large-diameter warp yarn 26b in regions made in satin weave 28 which are
non-gap-forming portions 7 and also at warp yarn 26a at gap-forming portions 9 made
in plain weave 27 will make it possible to cause recesses and projections to be formed
on one side in marked fashion, and by making this the back side, it will be possible
to form roller 1 in such fashion that recesses and projections on the surface thereof
are small.
[0048] Roller 1 in accordance with the present invention thus comprises a constitution that
did not exist conventionally, being a roller 1 covered with covering 3 comprising
woven fabric 2 capable of accommodating a wide variety of rollers 1. Depending on
the function for which roller 1 is to be employed, it will be possible to fabricate
a wide variety of rollers 1 which will serve as rotating bodies as required, such
as a roller 1 at which many gaps 15 are required or a roller 1 at which no gaps 15
are required, a roller 1 at which steps 12 are required or a roller 1 at which no
steps 12 are required, a roller 1 at which it is required that the coefficient of
friction be such as to allow a gripping force to be obtained or a roller 1 at which
a low coefficient of friction is required or a roller 1 that reduces lateral slippage,
and so forth. Such rollers 1 may be employed in apparatuses as appropriate in accordance
with properties required for apparatuses, employment of such rollers 1 permitting
apparatuses that did not exist conventionally to be provided. Note that woven fabric
2 constituted in this way may be constituted in sheet-like weave 23b or cylindrically
shaped cylindrical weave 23a from striped weave 23, and may be used to cover rotating
support member 10 which rotates to constitute roller 1.
[0049] Next, describing yarn 5 used at woven fabric 2, where woven fabric 2 serving as covering
3 is cylindrical weave 23a comprising striped weave 23, in the context of a covering
3 which is cylindrical weave 23a comprising striped weave 23 formed such that non-gap-forming
portion(s) 7 and gap-forming portion(s) 9 are present in alternating fashion in direction
of rotation 19, if the covering is to be imparted with stretchability in the radial
direction thereof, it is preferred that yarn 5 which is monofilament yarn 31a or multifilament
yarn 30a comprising elastic fiber(s) having stretchability and/or yarn 5 which is
covered yarn in which the core yarn 32 that is covered comprises elastic fiber(s)
be employed at yarn 5 of weft yarn 25 extending in direction of rotation 19. Furthermore,
where this is to be made to contract in heat-shrink fashion, it is preferred that
yarn 5 which is heat-shrink yarn and/or yarn 5 which is twisted yarn in which low-melting-point
fiber(s) are twisted together with heat-shrink yarn be employed at yarn 5 of weft
yarn 25 extending in direction of rotation 19. In addition, when gaps 15 are to be
formed in this woven fabric 2 which is cylindrical weave 23a comprising striped weave
23, it is preferred that yarn 5 which is monofilament yarn 31a or monofilament 31
to which filament(s) comprising fiber(s) that impart functionality thereto have been
added, or yarn 5 which is multifilament yarn 30a in which the fibers have been hard-twisted
or fused together, and which is yarn 5 constituted such that the yarn tends not to
become flattened or is other such yarn 5 which tends not to spread out laterally,
be employed at weft yarn 25 and at small-diameter warp yarn 26a. Furthermore, it is
preferred at small-diameter warp yarn 26a that yarn 5 which comprises nonelastic fiber(s)
and is not easily stretched be employed to control shrinkage in axial direction 20;
and where gaps 15 are to be formed, it is preferred that yarn 5 which is nonstretchable
monofilament yarn 31a or monofilament 31 to which fiber(s) that impart functionality
thereto have been added, or yarn 5 in which the fibers of multifilament yarn 30 have
been fused together and which is yarn 5 constituted so as not to become flattened
or is other such yarn 5 which does not spread out laterally, be employed. Where gaps
15 are to be minimized, it is preferred that yarn 5 which comprises soft-twist multifilament
yarn 30a or other such yarn in which spreading of fiber(s) tends to occur be employed.
It is large-diameter warp yarns 26b, the mutual approach or coming in contact of the
yarns 5 of which constitutes gapless region 7a, this region being a region that determines
the properties at the surface of roller 1. Where a roller 1 for which a low coefficient
of friction is required at the surface of the roller 1, it is preferred that a yarn
5 comprising fluorinated fiber(s) which is a material having low coefficient of friction
or the like be employed; or where it is required that the coefficient of friction
at the surface be a coefficient of friction similar to that of a roller 1 made of
rubber or the like, it is preferred that a yarn 5 in which a material such as polyurethane
fiber(s) which are elastic fiber(s) having high coefficient of friction or the like
be employed, or that a yarn 5 which includes a material such as polyurethane fiber(s)
which are elastic fiber(s) having high coefficient of friction be employed and that
the elastic fiber(s) be exposed at the surface.
[0050] Moreover, covered yarn in which core yarn 32 of unmodified cross-section which is
monofilament 31 is covered with elastic fiber(s), twisted yarn in which yarn having
properties different from those of core yarn 32 is twisted thereabout, monofilament
yarn 31a which is monofilament 31 of modified cross-section, yarn 5 which is multifilament
30 wherein filament(s) are of modified cross-section, or the like may be employed
as yarn 5. Presence of modified cross-section permits increase in area over which
contact is made with a conveyed object, permitting attainment of increased effectiveness
when gripping characteristics are required at the surface. In this way, use of woven
fabric 2 in which filament having coefficient of friction and/or melting point different
from that or those of core yarn 32 is employed at monofilament 31 of core yarn 32
comprising artificial fiber makes it possible obtain gripping characteristics, heat
resistance, wear resistance, and/or other such properties as may be required. Note
that examples of artificial fibers include polyester fiber, polyamide (trade name
Nylon) fiber, acrylic fiber, polypropylene fiber, polyethylene fiber, urethane fiber,
fluorinated fiber, metal fiber, carbon fibers, glass fiber, rayon fiber, and so forth,
there being a great many varieties from which it is possible to select as appropriate
depending on application. Furthermore, as low-melting-point fiber, there are low-melting-point
polyamide fibers, low-melting-point polyester fibers, low-melting-point polypropylene
fibers, and so forth; as heat-shrinkable fiber, there are fibers of the polyvinyl
chloride type, polyolefin type, polyamide type (Nylon fibers), polyester type, acrylic
type, cellulose type, and so forth, it being possible to select from among these as
appropriate.
[0051] Furthermore, false-twist yarn and/or covered yarn 5 may be employed to make it possible,
where properties different from those of core yarn 32 are required, for same properties
to be imparted at front and/or back. Furthermore, yarn including thermally fusible
filament having melting point different from core yarn 32 may be employed and heat-setting
may be carried out to make it possible to better prevent filament fraying or the like.
[0052] When woven fabric 2 comprising sheet-like weave 23b in accordance with the present
constitution is to be employed as covering 3, covering 3 may be constituted as a result
of employment of yarn 5 which, other than the fact that yarn 5 which contracts in
heat-shrink fashion is not employed, is the same as that employed at cylindrical weave
23a comprising striped weave 23.
[0053] FIG. 10 is an example of use of yarn 5 and an example of combination of weave patterns,
being an example of a covering 3 which is cylindrical weave 23a comprising striped
weave 23 constituted such that gap-forming portion(s) 9 and non-gap-forming portion(s)
7 are made to be present in alternating fashion in direction of rotation 19, and which
is an example of use of yarn 5 in a situation where stretchability is to be attained
in the radial direction, and which is moreover an example in which there is combination
of weave patterns, non-gap-forming portion(s) 7 being constituted by satin weave 28
and gap-forming portion(s) 9 being constituted by plain weave 27, and there is also
constitution of step(s) 12. Note that non-gap-forming portion 7 is formed in a rectangular
pattern 6. To cause roller 1 to be imparted with properties such that it has stretchability
in the radial direction, as shown in the side view at (a) in FIG. 10, an example is
indicated in which yarn 5 comprising elastic fiber is employed at weft yarn 25, and
to obtain stretching force, yarn 5 provided with elastic fiber comprising monofilament
31 is used at core yarn 32 or covered yarn 5 covered with filament 31b as covering
over the exterior of the elastic fiber of core yarn 32 is used; and in addition, nonstretchable
multifilament yarn 30a or nonstretchable monofilament yarn 31a comprising nonelastic
fiber is used at small-diameter warp yarn 26a extending in axial direction 20 at gap-forming
portion 9 to achieve a constitution in which there will be little tendency for stretching
to occur in axial direction 20, and yarn 5 comprising elastic fiber for improving
force of friction between it and rotating support member 10 is employed at large-diameter
warp yarn 26b at non-gap-forming portion 7. Furthermore, this is also an example of
a situation in which the yarn 5 comprising the elastic fiber of large-diameter warp
yarn 26b is constituted so as to be thicker than the monofilament yarn 31a of small-diameter
warp yarn 26a, and in which steps 12 are formed. Furthermore, by causing yarn 5 to
include elastic fiber, and by using low-melting-point elastic fiber as elastic fiber,
the constitution may be made such that adjacent large-diameter warp yarns 26b at portion(s)
in satin weave 28 are made to fuse together by the heat from heat-setting, so that
notwithstanding any stretching of weft yarns 25 which may occur, stretching in the
direction of rotation 19 will be controlled due to fusion at portion(s) in satin weave
28, making it less susceptible to the influence of stretching of weft yarn 25, in
a constitution in which it is easy to achieve high tension due only to stretching
of weft yarns 25 as determined by the pitch between small-diameter warp yarns 26a
that form gaps 15.
[0054] FIG. 11 shows an example of use of another yarn 5 and an example of combination of
weave patterns, being an example of a covering 3 which is cylindrical weave 23a comprising
striped weave 23 constituted such that gap-forming portion(s) 9 and non-gap-forming
portion(s) 7 are made to be present in alternating fashion in direction of rotation
19, and which is an example of use of yarn 5 in a situation where heat-shrinkability
is to be attained in the radial direction, and which is moreover an example in which
there is combination of weave patterns, non-gap-forming portion(s) 7 being in satin
weave 28 and gap-forming portion(s) 9 being constituted by plain weave 27, and there
is also constitution of step(s) 12. Note that here as well, non-gap-forming portion
7 is formed in a rectangular pattern 6. To cause roller 1 to be imparted with properties
such that it has heat-shrink characteristics in the radial direction thereof, as shown
in the side view at (a) in FIG. 11, yarn comprising heat-shrinkable fiber is employed
at weft yarn 25, covered yarn 5 being used which employs heat-shrinkable monofilament
31 as core yarn 32, the exterior of which is covered with thermally fusible filament
serving as covering, application of heat causing weft yarn 25 and warp yarn 26 to
come into good intimate contact, preventing fraying. Furthermore, examples are indicated
in which, at small-diameter warp yarn 26a extending in the axial direction 20 and
shown at (b) in FIG. 1, (b) in FIG. 3, and (b) in FIG. 4, i.e., small-diameter warp
yarn 26a at gap-forming portion 9 in FIG. 10, nonstretchable multifilament yarn 30a
or monofilament yarn 31a comprising nonelastic fiber is used to achieve a constitution
in which there is little tendency for stretching to occur in axial direction 20; and
at large-diameter warp yarn 26b in non-gap-forming portion 7, yarn 5 comprising elastic
fiber having high coefficient of friction is employed to improve the force of friction
between it and rotating support member 10 and to achieve high coefficient of friction
between it and a conveyed object. Moreover, this is also an example of a situation
in which the yarn 5 comprising the elastic fiber of large-diameter warp yarn 26b is
constituted so as to be thicker than the monofilament yarn 31a of small-diameter warp
yarn 26a, and in which steps 12 are formed. Furthermore, it is also a constitution
in which weaving may be carried out in such fashion that thermally fusible yarn is
combined with weft yarn 25 or warp yarn 26.
[0055] FIG. 12 shows exemplary use of yarn 5 and combination of weave patterns, and shows
in schematic fashion a partial enlarged view of striped weave 23 which is constituted
in the pattern of longitudinal bands 21 shown at (b) in FIG. 2 by gap-forming portion(s)
9 and non-gap-forming portion(s) 7. Exemplary use of yarn 5 which is constituted so
as to allow attainment of stretchability in the radial direction of roller 1 at covering
3 comprising cylindrical weave 23a which is striped weave 23 shown at (b) in this
FIG. 2, and an example of woven fabric 2 in which gap-forming portion 9 and non-gap-forming
portion 7 are formed by combination of weave patterns, are shown. Note that here as
well, non-gap-forming portion 7 is formed in a rectangular pattern 6. To cause roller
1 to be imparted with stretchability in the radial direction thereof, at yarn 5 extending
in the direction of rotation 19 shown at (b) in FIG. 2, elastic fiber is employed
as yarn 5 which is employed at non-gap-forming portion 7 and at gap-forming portion
9 as shown in FIG. 12; and in the axial direction 20 at (b) in FIG. 2, yarn 5 comprising
nonelastic fiber is employed, the yarn 5 used thereat being such as will control stretching
in the axial direction 20. Adoption of such a constitution will make it is possible
achieve a constitution in which there is stretching in the direction of rotation 19
of roller 1; and by, where this may be required, employing elastic fiber having high
coefficient of friction as elastic fiber, it will be possible to achieve a high coefficient
of friction between it and a conveyed object. Furthermore, employment of heat-shrink
yarn at the yarn which extends in the direction of rotation 19 will make it possible
to cause this to undergo heat-shrinkage.
[0056] Woven fabric 2 constituted in this way may be formed into cylindrical or sheet-like
shape and placed as covering over the surface of rotating support member 10 in a constitution
permitting employment as a roller 1.
[0057] As described above, covering 3 of woven fabric 2 is such that, with respect to means
for providing woven fabric 2 serving as covering 3 with step(s) 12 and means for imparting
capabilities thereto such as coefficient of friction and so forth, the constitution
is such as to permit control by means of yarn(s) 5, and in addition, by changing the
material(s) employed at yarn(s) 5, it is possible to fabricate a wide variety of rollers
1 that have been imparted with heat resistance, weather resistance, and so forth.
Note that depending on the application for which it will be employed, insulating fiber
and/or electrically conductive fiber may be selected as appropriate for use at yarn
5 in woven fabric 2 serving as covering 3.
[0058] Moreover, results of theoretical calculations for tensile strength using Nylon fibers
in yarn 5 at woven fabric 2 are shown in FIG. 24 and FIG. 25. FIG. 24 shows relationship
between yarn diameter, i.e., filament diameter, and tensile strength; in the example
shown at FIG. 24, assuming a yarn density of 20 yarns/cm (yarn pitch = 0.5 mm) for
yarn formed from Nylon filament in the axial direction of woven fabric 2, a yarn diameter,
i.e., filament diameter, of 50 µ or more will be required to achieve a tensile strength
of 25 N/cm or more. On the other hand, FIG. 25 shows relationship between number of
yarns in the axial direction and tensile strength; in the example shown at FIG. 25,
with monofilament 31 of diameter 99.6 µ or more, it is clear that when the number
of yarns, i.e., yarn density (yarns/cm), in axial direction 20 of filament constituting
yarn 5 extending in the direction of rotation 19 is approximately 20 yarns/cm or more,
tensile strength will be 100 N/cm or more, which is satisfactory in terms of strength.
At the respective curves shown in FIG. 25, note that yarn material is monofilament
Nylon, diameters of the respective yarns being, in order starting with the lowest
curve, 24.9 µ, 49.8 µ, 99.6 µ, 145.5 µ, and 198.3 µ.
[0059] Next, as means for preventing fraying of yarn 5 at woven fabric 2 which covers the
surface of rotating support member 10, this may be means comprising a constitution
to prevent fraying of end(s) of woven fabric 2 or fraying of yarn 5 which might for
example be at least one means selected from among means in which yarn 5 of at least
one of weft yarn 25, small-diameter warp yarn 26a, and large-diameter warp yarn 26b
which make up woven fabric 2 is made to include low-melting-point filament, low-melting-point
elastic fiber, or the like, and in which thermal fusing is employed to cause weft
yarn 25 and warp yarn 26 to fuse and prevent fraying of yarn 5; means for preventing
fraying of yarn 5 as a result of causing the backside of, which is the reverse side
from, the surface of rotating support member 10 to be coated with a viscoelastic or
thermoplastic coating agent; adhesive means in which adhesive is used between covering
3 and rotating support member 10; means making use of thermoplastic deformation; means
in the form of a machined part or the like comprising a mechanical member; and so
forth.
[0060] Furthermore, as examples of means for preventing fraying from end(s), FIG. 13 and
FIG. 14 show examples of constitutions which carry out prevention of fraying through
thermal action and mechanical action. FIG. 13 shows an example, at heat-shrinkable
cylindrical woven fabric 2a which employs heat-shrink yarn 5 at weft yarn 25, for
preventing fraying of end 2b where it abuts end 10a of rotating support member 10.
At (a) in FIG. 13, the constitution is such that the inside diameter D
2 of heat-shrinkable cylindrical woven fabric 2a is larger than outside diameter D
1 of rotating support member 10, so that D
1 < D
2. (b) at FIG. 13 shows an example in which, in the axial direction 20 of rotating
support member 10, coverage of rotating support member 10 by cylindrical woven fabric
2a comprising heat-shrinkable cylindrical weave 23a also extends to the portions protruding
at left and right beyond the portions at outside diameter D
1 of rotating support member 10, these also being covered by heat-shrinkable cylindrical
woven fabric 2a; and as shown at (d) in FIG. 13, heat is applied from the surface,
causing the heat-shrinkable cylindrical woven fabric 2a to contract and causing woven
fabric 2 to come into intimate contact with the surface of rotating support member
10, simultaneous with which the portions protruding at left and right from the surface
of rotating support member 10 undergo plastic deformation and contract due to the
heat, and by causing this to assume the shape shown at (c) and (d) in FIG. 13, it
is possible to carry out prevention of initiation of fraying from end(s) 10a of cylindrical
woven fabric 2a.
[0061] FIG. 14 shows an example of prevention of fraying at end(s) by means of a stretchable
cylindrical woven fabric 2a that employs stretchable yarn 5 at weft yarn 25. The constitution
is such that the inside diameter D
2 of stretchable cylindrical woven fabric 2a is smaller than outside diameter D
1 of rotating support member 10, so that D
1 > D
2. This stretchable cylindrical woven fabric 2a is stretched and made to cover rotating
support member 10. In this regard, (b) at FIG. 14 shows an example in which, in the
axial direction 20, stretchable cylindrical woven fabric 2a is constituted such that
cylindrical woven fabric 2a protrudes to the left and right in axial direction 20
beyond outside diameter D
1 of rotating support member 10, the protruding portions being pressed on by retainer
rings 34 which are mechanical members that are mechanically pressed onto the ends
of rotating support member 10, this pressing force preventing fraying of yarn from
the ends of cylindrical woven fabric 2a. In addition, (c) and (d) at FIG. 14 show
an example in which causing the ends of cylindrical woven fabric 2a at the ends of
rotating support member 10 to be pressed on by retainer rings 34 also prevents dislocation
such that woven fabric 2 constituting covering 3 is provided with antirotation capability.
Prevention of fraying can thus be carried out through use of a variety of means.
[0062] Next, describing prevention of dislocation of covering 3 on roller 1 in accordance
with the present invention, such dislocation prevention means may be means in which
covering 3 antirotation member(s) are installed at end(s) of roller 1 to prevent dislocation
of covering 3; dislocation prevention means operating by means of the gripping force
produced by the coefficient of friction between covering 3 and rotating support member
10 and the tension due to covering 3; dislocation prevention means operating by means
of groove(s) 10b, protrusion(s) 10c, and/or hook(s) 10d operating by means of mechanical
structure; dislocation prevention means operating by means of step(s) 12 shaped so
as to have recess(es) and projection(s); dislocation prevention means operating by
means of adhesion and/or stickiness operating by means of physicochemical action;
and/or dislocation prevention means operating by means of the force of tightening
which is produced by heat-shrinking of yarn 5 as a result of thermal action or dislocation
prevention means operating by means of thermal fusing as a result of thermal action.
[0063] As shown in FIG. 10, dislocation prevention means employing gripping force obtained
from coefficient of friction and tension may be constituted such that yarn comprising
elastic fiber is employed at weft yarn 25 extending in the direction of rotation 19
of covering 3 constituting woven fabric 2 so as to allow tension to be obtained in
the direction of rotation. Where covering 3 is cylindrical weave 23a (cylindrical
woven fabric 2a), this is constituted to allow tension to be obtained as a result
of forming this such that length at the inside circumference of cylindrical weave
23a (cylindrical woven fabric 2a) is shorter than length at the outside circumference
of rotating support member 10 at covering 3, and in addition, yarn comprising polyurethane
fiber or other such elastic fiber having high coefficient of friction is employed
as the yarn 5 used in non-gap-forming portion 7 so as to produce a constitution in
which there is a high coefficient of friction at the back of woven fabric 2. Prevention
of dislocation of covering 3 is carried out by obtaining gripping force produced by
the friction between rotating support member 10 at covering 3 and covering 3 and the
tension of covering 3; and by employing filament comprising modified cross-section
as the shape of yarn 5 having high coefficient of friction which is used thereat,
a constitution is obtained in which there is further increase in the domain over which
contact is made with rotating support member 10 and in which prevention of dislocation
of covering 3 is made even more possible. By moreover causing the surface of rotating
support member 10 to possess protrusions due to fine texturing, woven fabric 2 comprising
fiber can be made to dig into the protrusions due to fine texturing at rotating support
member 10, as a result of which it will be possible to obtain gripping characteristics
at low tension with low force of tightening. As means for providing fine texturing
on the surface of rotating support member 10, these may be formed by shot/sand blasting,
hairline texturing, and/or other such surface treatment and/or surface machining techniques.
[0064] FIG. 15, FIG. 16, and FIG. 17 show examples of the aforementioned dislocation prevention
means operating by means of step(s) 12 shaped so as to have recess(es) and projection(s)
and dislocation prevention means operating by means of groove(s) 10b, protrusion(s)
10c, and/or hook(s) 10d operating by means of mechanical structure. FIG. 15 shows
an example in which rotating support member 10 is provided with grooves 10b, the constitution
being such that the portion in satin weave 28 which constitutes non-gap-forming portion
7 in steps 12 constituted as a result of combination of plain weave 27 and satin weave
28 weave patterns at woven fabric 2 enters these grooves 10b to produce a constitution
in which prevention of dislocation of woven fabric 2 in the direction of rotation
19 is carried out. In addition, it is sufficient that depth of these grooves 10b be
not less than half the diameter of yarn 5 used thereat, dislocation in the direction
of rotation 19 being prevented thereby.
[0065] FIG. 16, as shown at (d) therein, shows an example in which region(s) at flange(s)
10e of rotating support member 10 is/are provided with protrusion(s) 10c to prevent
dislocation of woven fabric 2 constituting covering 3. As shown in the front view
of rotating support member 10 at (d) in FIG. 16, this is an example in which a region
at flange 10e at the end of rotating support member 10 is provided with protrusions
10c comprising projections. As shown at (c) in FIG. 16, the constitution is such that
protrusion 10c enters lattice-like gap 8 in woven fabric 2 constituting covering 3.
Regarding the height of protrusion 10c comprising projection(s), where the position
of protrusion 10c on roller 1 is to the exterior of the location at which the conveyed
object is conveyed, it is sufficient that the height of protrusion 10c be a height
such as will not cause interference with objects other than woven fabric 2 constituting
covering 3. On the other hand, where the position of protrusion 10c is toward the
central portion of roller 1 at which the conveyed object is conveyed, it is sufficient
that the height of the tip of protrusion 10c be no larger than the thickness 22 of
covering 3, so that the surface of the conveyed object that faces roller 1 is not
pressed on and marred by the tip of protrusion 10c. Alternatively, if protrusion 10c
enters lattice-like gap 8 of woven fabric 2 constituting covering 3 and engages therewith
so as not to come free therefrom, protrusion(s) 10c of height(s) smaller than thickness
22 may be provided at any location(s) on covering 3.
[0066] FIG. 17 is an example of a situation in which covering 3 is employed at pickup roller
1b having semicircular cross-section at a paper tray employed in an electrophotographic
apparatus or the like. Here, this is an example in which woven fabric 2 constituting
covering 3 is formed in sheet-like fashion and is made to catch on hooks 10d of rotating
support member 10 which is a molded product to prevent dislocation of woven fabric
2 constituting covering 3. In the example shown in FIG. 17 at the sectional view at
(a) and at the side view at (b), as means for preventing dislocation of woven fabric
2 constituting covering 3, rotating support member 10 which is a molded product is
provided with hooks 10d, covering 3 which has been cut into sheet form and which has
high coefficient of friction at the surface thereof being attached to hooks 10d of
rotating support member 10 to prevent dislocation. In FIG. 17, at the plan view of
covering 3 shown at (e) and the plan view of covering 3 having installation holes
at (f) therein, this is an example of a constitution in which hooks 10d enter gaps
15 in the mesh portion 27a corresponding to locations made in plain weave 27 and are
controlled and held in place by satin weave 28 to prevent dislocation. At this example
in 17, prevention of fraying can be carried out by subjecting warp yarn 26 and weft
yarn 25 to adhesive treatment, coating treatment, and/or thermal fusing treatment.
The constitution makes it possible for woven fabric 2 in sheet-like form and treated
in such fashion to be employed such that it is attached to hooks 10d and such that
there will be no dislocation of yarn. Furthermore, where woven fabric 2 which is in
sheet-like form and in which prevention of fraying has been carried out at yarn 5
is employed, if attachment gap 15 is too small, a constitution may be adopted in which
holes 10h are provided therein by means of punching, as shown at (f) in FIG. 17. Where
rotating support member 10 comprises synthetic resin, the constitution may be such
that hooks 10d are held in place as a result of utilization of resin elasticity of
rotating support member 10 or are held in place as a result of thermal fusing. Moreover,
where nip width is required, the constitution may be such that rubber, a foamed body,
or other such material having reactive-force-providing elasticity is provided between
rotating support member 10 and this covering 3.
[0067] As shown in FIG. 13, as dislocation prevention means operating by means of thermal
action, yarn 5 which is heat-shrinkable fiber is employed at weft yarn 25, i.e., yarn
5 extending in the direction of rotation 19, to form covering 3 in the form of cylindrical
weave 23, this is used to cover rotating support member 10, and heat is applied thereto
to cause it to contract in heat-shrink fashion, causing rotating support member 10
and covering 3 to be brought into intimate contact so as to prevent dislocation; and
because causing the surface of rotating support member 10 to be provided with fine
texturing will make it possible for protrusions due to the texturing to press against
yarn 5 and prevent dislocation, it is more preferred that fine texturing be provided
at the surface of rotating support member 10. Furthermore, prior to application of
heat, a primer might be applied to rotating support member 10 for further improvement
in intimate contact and prevention of dislocation. Moreover, as yarn 5 which is employed
at cylindrical weave 23a, yarn 5 comprising elastic fiber having high coefficient
of friction might be employed at yarn 5 forming non-gap-forming portion 7 at which
yarn density is high to improve the force of friction at covering 3 and prevent dislocation.
Note that it is more preferred for control of the contraction occurring in the axial
direction 20 as a result of contraction that non-heat-shrink yarn 5 be employed at
the yarn 5 which extends in the axial direction 20 and which forms gap-forming portion
9, and it is preferred that yarn 5 comprising nonstretchable monofilament yarn 31a
be employed at least at the yarn 5 which extends in the axial direction 20. Moreover,
it is preferred that weft yarn 25 and/or warp yarn 26 be formed so as to include thermally
fusible fiber, as a result of which it will be possible to cause fusion of yarns 5
with each other and/or fusion thereof with rotating support member 10, allowing still
further prevention of dislocation. As primer used at the surface of rotating support
member 10 which may be additionally employed, while these include resin-type primers
and rubber-type primers, synthetic-rubber-type primers are preferred because these
will allow better prevention of dislocation.
[0068] While not shown in the drawings, dislocation prevention means operating by means
of adhesion and/or stickiness constituting physicochemical action are such that employment
of stretchable or heat-shrink yarn 5 at yarn 5 extending in the direction of rotation
19, and use of rubber-type adhesive and/or general-purpose non-pressure-sensitive
adhesive or general-purpose pressure-sensitive adhesive to secure rotating support
member 10 and covering 3, will permit prevention of dislocation of covering 3. Furthermore,
a constitution may also be adopted in which covering 3 is woven fabric 2 which is
made up of artificial fiber, has good permeability with respect to adhesive, the constitution
of covering 3 further being such that there is good stretchability or heat-shrinkability
in the direction of rotation 19, and such that adhesion only need be carried out in
partial fashion.
[0069] FIG. 18 is a drawing showing various exemplary sections of rollers 1 in accordance
with the present invention, these being listed as Example 1 through Example 6.
[0070] The respective rollers 1 will next be described. First, describing feed roller 1b
for feeding cut-sheet media which is shown in FIG. 20, if the sheets are paper 37,
paper dust and the like will adhere to the surface of rotating support member 10,
which can create an increased tendency for misfeeds to occur in accompaniment to the
reduction in coefficient of friction. To prevent such misfeeds, a rubber surface had
conventionally been employed which was provided with recesses and projections in an
attempt to achieve stable feed. On the other hand, in accordance with the present
invention, to provide recesses and projections at the surface and stabilize coefficient
of friction, as constitution of recesses and projections at woven fabric 2 making
up covering 3, the weave patterns shown in FIG. 6 and/or FIG. 9 is used to produce
woven fabric 2 which is constituted by combination of weave patterns such that satin
weave 28 is used to form non-gap-forming portion 7, and plain weave 27 or twill weave
29 is used to form gap-forming portion 9, recesses and projections being formed by
means of a constitution in which there is difference in the flattening of soft-twist
multifilament yarn 30a or different thicknesses are employed for the thickness of
warp yarn 26 extending in the axial direction 20. In addition, yarn 5 made up of elastic
fiber having high coefficient of friction is employed as warp yarn 26 employed at
portions of satin weave 28 corresponding to projections which come in contact with
sheets, to achieve a constitution in which coefficient of friction is high only at
projections which come in contact with sheets. Furthermore, as shown at (b) in FIG.
12, the constitution is such that gap-forming portion 9, being in plain weave 27 or
twill weave 29, and being a region in which gaps 15 are formed, is such that paper
dust and the like tends to enter the recesses of these gaps 15, resulting in stabilization
of coefficient of friction at the surface of the projections.
[0071] Describing drive rollers 1a which include registration rollers and belts which must
be capable of precision feeding, as the capabilities demanded for these are properties
such as precision at the outside diameter, stability of the coefficient of friction
at the surface, and lack of tendency for dust and the like to adhere, such properties
will be demanded of roller 1. As woven fabrics 2 which fulfill such capabilities,
covering 3 comprising cylindrical weave 23a having thickness 22 of high precision
may be formed by carrying out weaving in such fashion that weave patterns shown in
FIG. 5, FIG. 6, and FIG. 12 are varied or are used in combination; yarn diameter,
i.e., thickness, of yarn 5 at small-diameter warp yarn 26a and large-diameter warp
yarn 26b are such that yarn 5 of more or less the same thickness is employed thereat;
and yarn 5 having stretchable or shrinkable characteristics is employed at weft yarn
25. Furthermore, by using yarn 5 having high coefficient of friction at yarn 5 where
yarns 5 mutually approach or come in contact at location(s) where non-gap-forming
portion(s) 7 are formed, it will be possible to obtain satisfactory coefficient of
friction at the surface. Moreover, regarding contamination at the surface of roller
1, by causing gap-forming portion 9 to be constituted in lattice-like fashion such
that there are gaps 15 present therein, steps 12a are formed due to the thicknesses
of the yarns between it and rotating support member 10, such that dust and other such
contaminant material tend to enter these lattice-like gaps 15, making it possible
to minimize the negative effect thereof at the surface of roller 1, and permitting
constitution of a roller 1 that is capable of stable conveyance and drive. As yarn
5 in woven fabric 2 for which it is thusly required that thickness 22 of covering
3 be of good precision, yarn 5 in which monofilament yarn 31a or multifilament 30
has been melted together in integral fashion is preferred, and where it is required
that additional capabilities be imparted thereto, it is preferred that covered yarn
in which monofilament 31 serving as core yarn 32 is covered be employed.
[0072] FIG. 19 shows an exemplary air-cooled roller 1 or air-suction roller 1. As shown
at (d) in FIG. 19, the interior of rotating support member 10 is hollow, and machining
has been carried out to cause air holes 10f to be provided as shown at (a) in FIG.
19, or air holes 10f or gaps 15 have been provided through molding of resin. This
is a rotating support member 10 that has moreover been constituted so that the end(s)
of roller 1 permit suction of air therethrough, and as shown at (c) in FIG. 19, the
constitution is such that covering 3 is provided at the surface of rotating support
member 10. In addition, the constitution is such that air is sucked or injected through
suction hole 18 or injection hole 18 provided at the side surface(s) of rotating support
member 10. Furthermore, rotating support member 10 may be a rotating support member
10 which is produced by extrusion or a rotating support member 10 which is produced
by molding, and at the time that such rotating support members 10 are manufactured,
slits may be provided at rotating support member 10 at the time of extrusion if it
is extruded, or air holes 10f may be provided at rotating support member 10 at the
time of molding if it is molded. Furthermore, by constituting this in this fashion
so that covering 3 comprising woven fabric 2 is provided at the surface of rotating
support member 10, roller 1 will be of a constitution such as will permit elimination
of scratches and/or offset defects which would otherwise appear on the sheets or the
like that are conveyed thereby.
[0073] A situation in which a roller 1 in accordance with the present invention is employed
as a cleaning roller will moreover be described. With a combination of weave patterns
comprising those at FIG. 9, employing multifilament yarn 30 comprising soft-twist
synthetic fiber as warp yarn 26b and warp yarn 26a extending in the axial direction
20, employing shrinkable or stretchable monofilament yarn 31a at weft yarn 25, woven
fabric 2 made in cylindrical weave 23a is used to cover the surface of rotating support
member 10 to produce a cleaning roller. Large-diameter warp yarn 26b being yarn 5
which is thicker than small-diameter warp yarn 26a, large-diameter warp yarn 26b and
weft yarn 25 are employed to weave satin weave 28 and form non-gap-forming portion
7, and small-diameter warp yarn 26a and weft yarn 25 are employed to form gap-forming
portion 9, gaps 15 thereof being such that soft-twist small-diameter warp yarn 26a
spreads out over weft yarn 25, gaps 15 being constituted so as to be small, and the
constitution being such that steps 12 are present. Covering 3 comprising cylindrical
weave 23a constituted in this fashion is installed on the surface of rotating support
member 10, covering 3 comprising this cylindrical weave 23a being twisted so as to
have prescribed twist angle 42 with respect to rotating support member 10 (see FIG.
3), in which state it is secured in place so that this state is maintained, to produce
a cleaning roller. In addition, where this cleaning roller is such that elasticity
is required at roller 1, the constitution may be such that elasticity is obtained
by means of elasticity due to the structure of rotating support member 10, or through
provision of an elastic body 33 which is a foamed body, elastomer, or the like at
the surface of rotating support member 10. Moreover, where air permeability is required
this may be constituted so as to have air permeability, and where air suction capability
is required this may be constituted so as to have air suction capability. Note that
cleaning action is such that formation of steps 12 causes formation of angle(s) comprising
multifilament 30 at large-diameter warp yarn 26b in non-gap-forming portion 7, such
angle(s) comprising filament being made to possess scraping effect, the dust and so
forth which is scraped thereby entering recesses constituting gap-forming portion
9, the dust and so forth which is scraped due to rotation and twist angle 42 being
made as a result of this angle to move or be sucked in axial direction 20, permitting
attainment of a cleaning roller not available conventionally in which clogging of
pores and the like does not occur. Regarding the filament that constitutes the scraping
angle, it should be noted that the smaller the filament diameter the greater will
be the effect, and it is more preferred that filament be employed which is such that
filament cross-section has an acute angle. In a constitution in which sheet-like covering
3 may be provided at the surface of rotating support member 10, the present invention
is thus constituted such that this is covered with cylindrical covering 3 or sheet-like
covering 3 to produce roller 1.
[0074] Next, an apparatus employing roller 1 provided with covering 3 comprising woven fabric
2 in accordance with the present invention will be described. FIG. 20 shows a printing
apparatus that employs various rollers 1 and locations at the interior of the printing
apparatus where the rollers 1 may be used. As shown in FIG. 20, at an electrophotographic
apparatus which is an apparatus that employs paper 37, rollers 1 in accordance with
the present invention may be employed at various locations which include feed roller
1b, conveyor roller 1c, lead edge alignment roller 1d, belt drive roller 1e, belt
idler roller 1f, cooling roller 1h, and so forth. Intermediate transfer belt 36 engages
with this belt drive roller 1e and this belt idler roller If; moreover, behind this
intermediate transfer belt 36, fuser rollers 1g, 1g being present, paper 37 is acted
on, as arranged therein is conveyor belt 35 that conveys paper on which transfer has
been carried out between belt idler roller 1f and drive roller 1a to fuser rollers
1g, where fusing is carried out.
[0075] FIG. 21 shows an example of a situation in which a roller conveyor 1i is employed.
As shown in FIG. 21, a pattern of bands comprising non-gap-forming portions 7 and
gap-forming portions 9 is formed, inclusion of elastic fiber having high coefficient
of friction at the surface permitting formation of a roller 1 that is satisfactory
with respect to lateral slippage, this being an exemplary constitution of a roller
conveyor 1i which employs this roller 1 and which may be employed to convey a conveyed
object or the like.
[0076] FIG. 22 is a drawing showing a schematic of a suction roller apparatus that uses
roller 1 as a suction roller 1j. As shown in FIG. 22, roller 1 in accordance with
the present invention is formed by causing cylindrical rotating support member 10
which has suctions holes at the surface thereof to be covered by covering 3 comprising
cylindrical woven fabric 2a. Air is sucked by fan or compressor serving as suction
apparatus 38 by way of suction hole 18 provided at rotating shaft 10g at the end of
roller 1. Here, air is sucked through suction holes provided at the surface of hollow
rotating support member 10 and through the mesh-like spaces of cylindrical woven fabric
2a which covers the outside circumference thereof. Because mesh-like gaps 15 are arranged
in uniform fashion with respect to the axial direction 20 of this suction roller 1j,
and because these comprise yarn 5 constituting filament made of synthetic fiber, this
is a suction roller apparatus having a suction roller 1j which is capable of uniform
suction and which, when a sheet-like object is sucked thereagainst, tends not to cause
occurrence of scratches and the like at the front or back of the sheet-like object.
Furthermore, resistance to airflow of suction roller 1j may be arbitrarily set by
varying mesh-like density and filament diameter at cylindrical woven fabric 2a.
[0077] Furthermore, FIG. 23 shows exemplary constitution of an apparatus that uses air suction
to convey cut-sheet paper 37. (b) at FIG. 23 shows a diagram of the constitution of
an apparatus provided with suction fan 38a and low-pressure chamber 38b, and provided
within low-pressure chamber 38b there is a solenoid 43 at which the opening and closing
of a suction valve is controlled by electrical signal, suction fan 38a causing reduction
in the pressure of low-pressure chamber 38b, the switching on and off of solenoid
43 causing the suction valve to open and close, as a result of which a sheet may be
subjected to instantaneous suction. This is an example in which if, on the other hand,
the sheet is not to be subjected to suction, the suction valve provided at the tip
of solenoid 43 is made to assume a closed state, stopping the pressure-reducing action
of suction fan 38a on low-pressure chamber 38b, and causing rotating suction roller
1 to assume a state such that it does not subject the sheet to suction. An electrical
signal causes solenoid 43 to be switched on, opening the suction valve, and the force
of suction from suction fan 38a and low-pressure chamber 38b causes a sheet to be
subjected to suction by way of suction roller 1j, which state is shown at (a) in the
upper portion of FIG. 23. A roller 1 formed so as to have suction holes at the surface
thereof is thus capable of being employed in a cut-sheet conveyor apparatus. Moreover,
constitution may be such that, as shown in the example at FIG. 4, air holes 10f are
formed at rotating support member 10 at covering 3, causing non-gap-forming portion
7 and gap-forming portion 9 to each be formed at one-half of rotating support member
10, permitting switching on and off of suction to be made possible through detection
of position at roller 1, and making it possible to form a low-cost paper feed apparatus.
Note that non-gap-forming portion 7 and gap-forming portion 9 are such that, depending
on conditions at the apparatus, it is possible to make width 13a at the non-gap-forming
portion and width 13b at the gap-forming portion 9 be appropriate widths as necessary.
[0078] Furthermore, although not shown in the drawings, by using a cleaning roller comprising
the present constitution it will be possible to achieve an apparatus capable of carrying
out cleaning of powder and the like as it revolves, and by causing roller 1 to be
constituted so as to have air permeability it will be possible to achieve a cleaning
apparatus capable of carrying out suction as it revolves.
WORKING EXAMPLES
[0079] TABLE 1 shows working examples of woven fabric 2 constituting covering 3 at rotating
support member 10. Indicated at Working Example 1 and Working Example 2 in TABLE 1
are coverings 3 in which steps 12 are formed by portions made in satin weave 28 and
portions made in plain weave 27 constituting combination of weave patterns and diameters
of yarns 5 at weave patterns making up sheet-like non-gap-forming portions 7 and gap-forming
portions 9. As indicated at Working Example 1 and Working Example 2, it was possible
to adjust air permeability attributable to gap-forming portion 9 depending on whether
monofilament 31 was used at small-diameter warp yarn 26a or soft-twist multifilament
30 was used at small-diameter warp yarn 26a. Furthermore, even where weft yarn 25
and large-diameter warp yarn 26b at non-gap-forming portion 7 and gap-forming portion
9 were the same, flattening of yarn made it possible to form steps 12 that were larger
when soft-twist multifilament yarn 30 was used at small-diameter warp yarn 26a than
when monofilament 31 was used thereat.
[TABLE 1]
|
Working Example 1 |
Working Example 2 |
Working Example 3 |
Working Example 4 |
Working Example 5 |
Constitution |
Woven fabric (sheet-like) (satin weave + plain weave) |
Woven fabric (sheet-like) (satin weave + plain weave) |
Woven fabric (cylindrical weave) (satin weave + plain weave) |
Woven fabric (cylindrical weave) (satin weave + plain weave) |
Woven fabric (cylindrical weave) (satin weave + plain weave) |
yarn |
Warp yarn 26a (gap-forming portion: portion in plain weave) |
Nylon (105 µm) |
Nylon 78T/17F (multifilament) |
Nylon (83 µm) + urethane (low-contact-point-type) |
Polyester (105 µm) (non-heat-shrink yarn) |
Polyester (105 µm) + thermally fusible yarn |
Warp yarn 26b (non-gap-forming portion: portion in satin weave) |
Nylon 78T/17F |
Nylon 78T/17F |
Nylon(170 µm) + urethane (low-contact-point-type) (SCY) |
Urethane (472D/F) |
Urethane (472D/F) |
Weft yarn |
Nylon 56T(monofilament) |
Nylon 56T(monofilament) |
Elastic fiber urethane: 472 (D/F) |
Heat-shrink yarn (105 µm) (polyester) |
Heat-shrink yarn (105 µm) (polyester) |
Weft density (picks/cm) |
24 |
24 |
24 |
38.6 |
27.2 |
Warp yarn 26a density (ends/cm) |
22 |
22 |
22 |
22 |
22 |
Width of gap-forming portion (mm) (width of portion in plain weave) |
2.0 |
2.0 |
1.0 |
1.0 |
1.0 |
Width of non-gap-forming portion (mm) (width of portion in satin weave) |
2.0 |
2.0 |
1.0 |
1.0 |
1.0 |
Backside coating |
Yes |
Yes |
No |
No |
No |
Percent elongation or percentheat-shrink contraction |
- |
- |
60% |
19% (percent heat-shrink contraction) |
17% (percent heat-shrink contraction) |
Thickness t1 at gap-forming portion (mm) (portion using warp yarn 26a) |
0.19 |
0.17 |
0.41 |
0.21 |
0.21 |
Thickness t2 at non-gap-forming portion (mm) (portion using warp yarn 26b) |
0.30 |
0.23 |
0.50 |
0.47 |
0.37 |
Step: H = t1 - t2 (mm) |
0.11 |
0.06 |
0.09 |
0.26 |
0.16 |
Resistance to airflow of covering R (KPa sec/m) |
0.016 |
1.480 |
0.019 |
- |
- |
Coefficient of friction (front) |
0.25 |
0.25 |
0.96 |
0.51 |
0.53 |
Coefficient of friction (back) |
0.23 |
0.23 |
0.87 |
0.48 |
0.42 |
Prevention of fraying at ends (after covering installed) |
○ |
○ |
○ |
○ |
○ |
[0080] Moreover, indicated at Working Example 3 is a covering 3 comprising cylindrical weave
23 employing covered yarn 5 in which monofilament 31 comprising Nylon constituting
core yarn 32 is covered with low-melting-point urethane at warp yarn 26, and urethane
which is elastic fiber at weft yarn 25, use of low-melting-point urethane fiber constituting
elastic fiber as covering at the surface of warp yarn 26 making it possible to cause
involvement of elastic fiber at the surface and permitting attainment of a coefficient
of friction that is around 1.0. In contradistinction hereto, with woven fabric 2 that
had not been imparted with elastic fiber it was possible to achieve a coefficient
of friction of 0.25, which is a low value for resin material. In other words, a surface
having low coefficient of friction or high coefficient of friction can be easily formed
depending on material(s) of yarn 5 and material(s) imparted thereto. Moreover, employment
of yarn 5 which is elastic fiber comprising urethane at weft yarn 25 makes it possible
to achieve a constitution in which percent elongation is 50% or more.
[0081] Indicated at Working Example 4 and Working Example 5 are examples of coverings 3
fabricated in cylindrical weave 23 through employment of heat-shrinkable fiber at
weft yarn 25. As indicated at Working Example 4 and Working Example 5, employment
of polyester yarn which is monofilament 31 comprising heat-shrinkable fiber at weft
yarn 25 makes it possible to obtain a heat-shrink contraction that is just under 20%.
Furthermore, employment of urethane fiber which is not the low-melting-point type
as the urethane that is employed at large-diameter warp yarn 26b makes it possible
to cause coefficient of friction to be made lower than is the case when low-melting-point
is used at the surface. Furthermore, with respect to fraying of yarn 5, for sheet-like
embodiments, yarn 5 which has undergone coating treatment and/or adhesion and/or thermal
fusing is included therein, permitting prevention of fraying even after cutting. Furthermore,
for covering 3 comprising cylindrical weave 23, heat-shrinkage causes plastic deformation,
permitting prevention of fraying of yarn 5. Furthermore, at Working Example 3 which
employs low-melting-point urethane, fusion of low-melting-point urethane fibers prevents
fraying of yarn 5. Moreover, at woven fabric 2 which employs multifilament yarn 30a,
impregnation by coating agent and/or adhesive occurs easily throughout soft-twist
multifilament 30, permitting more thorough binding thereof, and permitting prevention
of fraying at end(s). Note that prevention of fraying of end(s) was confirmed by rubbing
the end(s) with #120 sandpaper, the results following which are indicated at the item
"prevention of fraying at ends (after covering installed)".
[0082] Next, covering 3 of test width 20 mm which had elastic fiber which was low-melting-point
urethane and which was the woven fabric 2 having stripes and having stretchability
at Working Example 3 was used to cover rotating support member 10 comprising aluminum,
results of investigation into the relationship between force of tightening (N) and
slippage torque load (N/cm) being shown in the graph at FIG. 26. Furthermore, FIG.
27 is a drawing showing the measurement method used. At the measurement method shown
in FIG. 27, covering 3 comprising woven fabric 2 held in place by stationary bar 11
is wound about aluminum roller 1k, force F is applied in the direction shown in the
drawing, aluminum roller 1k is rotated in the direction of the arrow, and the torque
at which slippage occurs between covering 3 and aluminum roller 1k is measured. As
shown in the graph at FIG. 26, results of measurements from this test indicated that
increase in tensile force which constitutes the force with which covering 3 is tightened
against aluminum roller 1k caused torque load for occurrence of slippage between aluminum
roller 1k and covering 3 to increase in first-order linear fashion in direct proportion
to the force of tightening. Stating this differently, increase in the force of tightening
against or the force of contact with rotating support member 10 results in decreased
tendency for occurrence of dislocation. Note that in an ordinary roller apparatus
that carries out conveyance by formation of a nip between rollers 1, nip pressure
is such that load per cm of width is 0.5 N to 1.0 N, and is 2 N at most. The reason
for this nip pressure is so as not to produce scratches on the sheet-like conveyed
object; this is also the nip pressure which is required to obtain precision feeding.
From the present results, as slippage torque load is such that the torque load required
to prevent dislocation of covering 3 increases in first-order linear fashion as a
function of tensile force, i.e., force of tightening, it is clear that a slippage
torque load which is more than adequate can be obtained. Furthermore, looking at the
inclination, i.e., slope, of the first-order linear relationship in the graph, this
is 0.9 or higher, which is a level that does not present a problem in terms of coefficient
of friction.
[0083] FIG. 28 is a graph showing the relationship between steps 12 at woven fabric 2 and
load at which derailment (dislocation) from grooves 40a at valleys therein occurs,
being a graph which shows the effect of steps 12 at woven fabric 2. As shown at FIG.
28, increasing the size of step 12 causes the lateral load, i.e., dislocation load,
required for derailment from groove 10b to increase in first-order linear fashion.
In other words, it is clear that dislocation of covering 3 can be prevented by means
of step 12 and groove 10b. Note that this test was performed using the apparatus shown
in the next drawing, i.e., FIG. 29. The woven fabric 2 that was used in this test
was woven fabric 2 having stripes 4 in a pattern of bands, sizes of the respective
steps 12 being varied by means of large-diameter warp yarn 26b to form steps 12. At
the yarn 5 which was used, Nylon yarn 5 without elastic fiber and for which the coefficient
of friction of the woven fabric was around 0.25 was employed, length of the stripes
4 in the pattern of bands being 40 mm, pitch 14 being 4 mm, and width of the stripes
4 in the pattern of bands being 2 mm; results of investigation of load are presented
at the graph in FIG. 28. This graph confirms that dislocation can be prevented even
in situations where coefficient of friction is low. Based on this investigation, it
is thought that by causing the constitution to be such that urethane fiber which is
elastic fiber appears at the back surface, it will be possible to achieve further
increase in coefficient of friction and prevention of dislocation.
[0084] FIG. 29 is a drawing showing the test apparatus which was employed in the method
for testing the effect of steps 12 at FIG. 28 and which comprises lateral dislocation
prevention guide member 39, mounting fixture 40 which is placed thereover, and load
41 which is placed on this mounting fixture 40. In accordance with the test method
employing this apparatus, tensile load in direction F serving as derailment load in
the direction of the arrow which is perpendicular to the orientation of stripes 4
in a pattern of bands constituting steps 12 comprising concave grooves 40a and convex
ridges 40b serving as lateral dislocation prevention guide member 39 is applied to
load 41 having prescribed weight per unit area, and the relationship between the size
of steps 12 and the lateral dislocation load was investigated.
[0085] FIG. 30 shows exemplary operations for manufacture of a roller 1 as a result of causing
rotating support member 10 to be covered by covering 3 comprising cylindrical weave
23 formed using heat-shrink weft yarn 25. As shown at (a) in FIG. 30, cylindrical
weave 23 is used to fabricate heat-shrinkable cylindrically shaped covering 3 comprising
gap-forming portions 9 and non-gap-forming portions 7. This cylindrical weave 23 is
formed using yarn 5 comprising polyester fiber that contracts in heat-shrink fashion
by just under 20% at 150° C at weft yarn 25 which is heat-shrink yarn 5. Rotating
support member 10 shown at (b) and having outside circumference of length smaller
than the length of the inside circumference of this cylindrical covering 3 is then
inserted into the interior of cylindrical covering 3 as the diameter of this cylindrical
covering 3 is made larger, causing rotating support member 10 to be covered by covering
3 as shown at (c). Rotending support member 10 which is covered by covering 3 is then
heated for 5 minutes in an oven at 150° C to cause contraction in heat-shrink fashion
as shown at (d), causing the ends of cylindrical covering 3 to be brought into intimate
contact with the ends of rotating support member 10 and with rotating support member
10 in similar fashion as at FIG. 13. Retainer rings 34 which prevent fraying of ends
and which prevent rotational dislocation as shown in FIG. 14 are thereafter, at either
end of roller 1, installed as shown at (e) on the shaft portion making up rotating
shaft 10g of rotating support member 10, to produce the completed roller 1 which is
covered with covering 3 as shown at (f).
[0086] Results of investigation of dislocation using covering 3 at Working Example 4 with
a roller 1 manufactured in this way are shown at TABLE 2.
[TABLE 2]
|
Working Example 4-1 |
Working Example 4-2 |
Working Example 4-3 |
Working Example 4-4 |
Comparative Example |
Length of inside circumference of covering (mm) |
73.2 |
73.2 |
73.2 |
73.2 |
73.2 |
Outside diameter of rotating support member (mm) |
φ20 |
φ21 |
φ22 |
φ23 |
φ21 |
Recesses and projections on surface of rotating support membe? |
No |
No |
No |
No |
No |
Percent contraction (%) |
14.2 |
9.8 |
5.6 |
1.29 |
9.8 |
Surface of rotating support member treated with primer? |
Yes |
Yes |
No |
No |
No |
No dislocation of covering? |
OK |
OK |
OK |
OK |
NG |
Notes: (1) "OK" indicates that was okay despite application of 6 N or more of slippage
torque load on 30 mm width.
(2) Woven fabric used was that of Working Example 4. |
[0087] As indicated at TABLE 1, the percent heat-shrink contraction of woven fabric 2 at
Working Example 4 by itself was 19%. This Working Example 4 was employed for Working
Example 4-1, Working Example 4-2, Working Example 4-3, and Working Example 4-4 at
TABLE 2, and a Comparative Example was moreover added, as indicated at TABLE 2. With
respect to the situation that existed when used with rotating support member 10, at
Working Example 4-1 and Working Example 4-2, for which percent contraction was about
10% or more, application of rubber-type primer (Sunstar Engineering Inc.: US-3) to
rotating support member 10 made it possible to achieve antirotation effect at covering
3 and eliminate dislocation of covering 3, a result of "OK" being obtained. Furthermore,
at Working Example 4-3 and Working Example 4-4, for which primer was not used, achievement
of antirotation effect was indicated with a percent contraction due to heating of
5.6% or less, and as there was no dislocation of covering 3, the fact that a result
of "OK" could be obtained was confirmed. Moreover, as Comparative Example, the situation
that existed when used with rotating support member 10 was such that the cylindrical
woven fabric 2, for which contraction of the cylindrical woven fabric 2 was around
10%, was used without application of rubber-type primer, as a result of which the
force of tightening was weak and there was dislocation of covering 3, which spun around
loosely thereon, for a result that was "NG". As described above, where contraction
is such that a percent contraction of about 5% or more is required, it is preferred
that primer be applied to the surface of rotating support member 10, and it is more
preferred that the primer employed be rubber-type primer. As rubber-type primer, there
are UM-2, US-3, and the like manufactured by Sunstar Engineering Inc., use of which
is preferred. Moreover, even where percent contraction is 5% or less, employment of
primer is not a problem, as this will permit achievement of even stronger antislip
effect. Note that such primer may also be employed and prevention of slippage carried
out in situations where a stretchable covering 3 is employed.
[0088] TABLE 3 and TABLE 4 show results of investigation of air suction force and suction
distance when covering 3 for rotating support member 10 of the present working examples
was used. First, as indicated at the central column in TABLE 3, using covering 3 from
Working Example 4 at TABLE 1 and a DC fan motor having a fan diameter of 40 mm producing
weak airflow, i.e., 0.39 m
3/min, a gap 15 of 5 mm was formed between fan and sheet (paper), and it was found
as a result of investigation into suction force that suction of a sheet which weighed
3.0 g was possible with 0.39 m
3/min of airflow. For comparison, suction of a sheet weighing 4.5 g was possible when
no covering 3 was employed as indicated in the column at left Furthermore, at the
column at right, covering 3 from Working Example 2 at TABLE 1, which was a woven fabric
made to have high airflow resistance in which warp yarn 26a at gap-forming portion
9 was multifilament 30 comprising soft-twist yarn, and a DC fan motor having a fan
diameter of 92 mm producing strong airflow, i.e., 1.14 m
3/min, were employed, and it was found as a result of investigation into suction that
conditions were such that suction of a sheet which weighed 0.02 g was not possible.
[TABLE 3]
Fan |
Air Flow:0.39m3/min |
Air Flow:1.14m3/min |
Covering 3 present? |
No (for comparative purposes) |
Yes (covering from Working Example 4) |
Yes (covering from Working Example 2) |
Gap between fan and sheet (paper) |
5mm |
5mm |
5mm |
1) Constitution of warp yarn 26a at gap-forming portion 9 |
- |
Monofilament |
Multifilament (soft-twist) |
2) Constitution of weft yarn 25 at gap-forming portion 9 |
- |
Monofilament |
Monofilament |
Sheet suction status and weight thereof |
Suction possible 4.5g |
Suction possible 3.0g |
Suction not possible 0.02g |
[0089] Moreover, as shown at TABLE 4, as a result of investigation into the width of the
gap at which suction was possible with a 4 g/cm
2 sheet using a DC fan motor having a fan diameter of 92 mm producing 1.14 m
3/min of airflow it was found as indicated at the central column that the gap at which
suction was possible was around about 8.0 mm when using covering 3 from Working Example
4 at TABLE 1; and as indicated at the column at right it was found, as had been the
case at TABLE 3, that suction was not possible when using covering 3 from Working
Example 2 at TABLE 1, width of the gap 15 being 0 mm. On the other hand, for the Comparative
Example in which there was no covering 3 which is shown in the column at left, width
of the gap 15 at which suction was possible was 10.5 mm.
[TABLE 4]
|
When fan producing 1. 14m3/min of airflow was used |
Covering present? |
No (Comparative Example) |
Yes (convering from Working Example 4) |
Yes (convering from Working Example 2) |
Constitution of gap-forming portion |
5mm |
5mm |
5mm |
1) Constitution of warp yarn 26a |
- |
Monofilament |
Multifilament 30 (soft-twist) |
2) Constitution of weft yarn 25 |
- |
Monofilament |
Monofilament |
Width of gap at which suction 4g/50cm2 sheet was possible |
10.5mm |
8.0mm |
0mm (suction not possible) |
[0090] As described above, forming stripes 4 in a pattern of bands having gap-forming portion(s)
9 and non-gap-forming portion(s) 7 at woven fabric 2 makes it possible by means of
such gap-forming portion(s) 9 to attain a woven fabric 2 in which it is possible to
form gaps 15 required for suction or blowing. Moreover, if the direction of the stripes
4 in the pattern of bands at the woven fabric 2 is made to be the axial direction
20, if yarn 5 which is elastic fiber having high coefficient of friction comprising
urethane fiber or the like is employed at yarn 5 in non-gap-forming portion(s) 7,
and if projections are formed at the surface, it will be possible to cause contact
with the conveyed object as seen in sectional view to be constituted such that there
is two-point contact, making it possible to achieve even further improvement in conveying
force. As a result of this improvement in conveying force, by causing dust, paper
dust, and the like to enter the recesses and projections present at covering 3, it
will be possible to cause dust paper dust, and/or the like which adheres to the surface
to be rendered harmless, and so roller 1 in accordance with the present invention
makes it possible for conveyance characteristics to be made stable. Furthermore, if
yarn 5 which is soft-twist multifilament 30 is used at warp yarn 26 and projections
produced by satin weave 28 are provided at the back surface, the front surface will
assume an approximately flat state, making it possible to decrease the tendency for
scratches to be produced on sheets and other such thin conveyed objects. Moreover,
the projections can be made to engage with grooves 10b provided at the surface of
rotating support member 10, making it possible to carry out prevention of dislocation
of covering 3 in the direction of rotation 19.
[0091] It facilitates fabrication in the form of roller(s) 1 at apparatus(es) carrying out
cooling, drying, and/or suction, these being effects of gaps (lattice-like holes)
15 at gap-forming portion 9 in woven fabric 2; and in addition, by causing the constitution
to be such that it comprises a portion of width 13a at non-gap-forming portion 7 and
a portion of width 13b at gap-forming portion 9 as shown in the example at FIG. 4,
it will be possible to cause a portion in a state such that it is without air permeability
at roller 1 to be formed from the portion of width 13a at non-gap-forming portion
7, permitting provision of a roller 1 that had not been possible conventionally.
[0092] Moreover, at conventional rollers 1 which have recesses and projections and at which
surface layer(s) comprise rubber layer(s), whereas recesses and projections for reducing
dust, paper dust, and the like which contaminate the surface of roller 1 have been
provided in attempts to stabilize conveyance characteristics, because recesses and
projections are formed from rubber layer(s) they require rubber thickness 22; and
in addition, because they are elastic bodies 33, it has been extremely difficult to
demand precision at the outside diameter thereof, so these have often been used as
feed rollers 1b, belt idler rollers 1f, and in other such situations where high precision
at the outside diameter is not demanded. However, at roller 1 in accordance with the
present invention, covering 3 is a thin covering 3 comprising woven fabric 2, and
where monofilament 31 is employed as base at core yarn 32, thickness 22 being determined
by filament diameter at monofilament 31 and diameter of yarn(s) entangled with core
yarn 32, there will be high precision at thickness 22, the constitution being such
that precision will depend on the precision of rotating support member 10, precision
depending on the precision of metal when rotating support member 10 is metal, and
depending on the precision with which resin is molded when rotating support member
10 comprises molded resin, and so these will permit achievement of stable precision.
Moreover, with respect to gripping characteristics, which are a property of rubber,
employment of elastic fiber comprising urethane fiber or the like at yarn 5 will make
it possible to obtain a roller 1 capable of producing gripping characteristics equivalent
to or better than those of rubber.
[0093] Roller 1 in accordance with the present application is thus a roller 1 in which the
surface of rotating support member 10 is provided with a covering 3 comprising woven
fabric 2 that did not exist conventionally, being a low-cost roller 1 which permits
conservation of resources, conservation of energy, and recycling. Moreover, this roller
1 may be employed to form a low-cost apparatus which did not exist conventionally
and which permits conservation of resources, conservation of energy, and recycling.
EXPLANATION OF REFERENCE NUMERALS
[0094]
- 1
- Roller
- 1a
- Drive roller
- 1b
- Feed roller (pickup roller)
- 1c
- Conveyor roller
- 1d
- Lead edge alignment roller
- 1e
- Belt drive roller
- 1f
- Belt idler roller
- 1g
- Fuser roller
- 1h
- Cooling roller
- 1i
- Roller conveyor
- 1j
- Suction roller
- 1k
- Aluminum roller
- 11
- Stationary bar
- 2
- Woven fabric
- 2a
- Cylindrical woven fabric
- 2b
- Open end
- 3
- Covering
- 4
- Stripes in a pattern of bands
- 5
- Yarn
- 6
- Rectangular pattern
- 7
- Non-gap-forming portion
- 7a
- Gapless region
- 8
- Lattice-like gaps
- 9
- Gap-forming portion
- 9a
- Gap region
- 10
- Rotating support member
- 10a
- End
- 10b
- Groove
- 10c
- Protrusion
- 10d
- Hook
- 10e
- Flange
- 10f
- Air hole
- 10g
- Rotating shaft
- 10h
- Hole
- 11
- Angle
- 12
- Step
- 12a
- Step due to thickness(es) of yarn
- 13
- Width
- 13a
- Width of non-gap-forming portion
- 13b
- Width of gap-forming portion
- 14
- Yarn pitch
- 14a
- Weft yarn pitch
- 14b
- Pitch between small-diameter warp yarns 26a
- 14c
- Pitch between large-diameter warp yarns 26b
- 15
- Gap
- 16
- Pattern of lateral bands
- 17
- Long direction
- 18
- Suction hole or injection hole
- 19
- Direction of rotation
- 20
- Axial direction
- 21
- Pattern of longitudinal bands
- 22
- Thickness
- H1
- Dimension at gap-forming portion
- H2
- Dimension at non-gap-forming portion
- 23
- Striped weave
- 23a
- Cylindrical weave
- 23b
- Sheet-like weave
- 24
- Lattice-like pattern
- 25
- Weft yarn
- 26
- Warp yarn
- 26a
- Small-diameter warp yarn
- 26b
- Large-diameter warp yarn
- 27
- Plain weave
- 27a
- Mesh portion
- 28
- Satin weave
- 29
- Twill weave
- 30
- Multifilament
- 30a
- Multifilament yarn
- 31
- Monofilament
- 31a
- Monofilament yarn
- 31b
- Filament yarn
- 32
- Core yarn
- 33
- Elastic body
- 34
- Retainer ring
- 35
- Conveyor belt
- 36
- Intermediate transfer belt
- 37
- Paper
- 38
- Suction apparatus
- 38a
- Suction fan
- 38b
- Low-pressure chamber
- 39
- Lateral dislocation prevention guide member
- 40
- Mounting fixture
- 40a
- Concave groove
- 40b
- Convex ridge
- 41
- Load
- 42
- Twist angle
- 43
- Solenoid
- D1
- Outside diameter (of rotating support member)
- D2
- Inside diameter (of cylindrical woven fabric)
1. Walze (1), die an ihrer Oberfläche mit einem Webstoff (2) ausgestattet ist; und dieser
Webstoff (2) ein Webstoff (2) ist, der durch eine Variation eines Webmusters oder
einer Kombination von Webmustern erzeugt wird, umfassend ein Gewebe, bei dem Kettgarn
(26) und Schussgarn (25) des Gewebes eine Ausbildung gitterartiger offener Öffnungen
oder ein mehr oder weniger rechteckiges Muster (6) verursachen, das eine Luftdurchlässigkeit
steuert, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Gewebe ein Muster in einem mehr oder weniger geradlinigen Muster von Bändern
(16, 21) oder mindestens zwei verschiedene Muster ausbildet und aus einem Lücke-bildenden
Teil (9), der ein Bereich ist, der ein mehr oder weniger rechteckiges Muster (6) bildet,
in dem das Kettgarn (26) und das Schussgarn (25) des Gewebes die Ausbildung der gitterartigen
offenen Öffnungen oder ein mehr oder weniger rechteckiges Muster (6) verursachen,
das eine Luftdurchlässigkeit steuert, und einem nicht-Lücke-bildenden Teil (7) besteht,
der ein Bereich ist, der ein mehr oder weniger rechteckiges Muster (6) aufweist, bei
dem Garne des Webstoffs (2) nahe beieinander liegen oder in Kontakt miteinander kommen.
2. Walze (1), die an ihrer Oberfläche mit einem Webstoff (2) ausgestattet ist, gemäß
Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Lücke-bildende Teil (9) und der nicht-Lücke-bildende Teil (7) des Webstoffs (2),
aus dem der Überzug besteht, der an der Oberfläche der Walze (1) vorgesehen ist, in
einem Muster ausgebildet ist, das ausgewählt ist aus: einer Variation einer Leinenbindung,
einer Variation einer Köperbindung, einer Variation einer Satinbindung, einer Kombination
aus Satin- und Leinenbindung, einer Kombination aus Satin- und Köperbindung und einer
Kombination aus Leinen- und Köperbindung; dieser nicht-Lücke-bildende Teil (7) ein
Bereich ist, der so ausgebildet ist, dass er in dessen Dickenrichtung die gleiche
Dicke wie der Lücke-bildende Teil (9) hat wie oder dicker als die Dicke des Lücke-bildenden
Teils (9) ist; der Überzug (3) einen Webstoff (2) umfasst, bei dem der Lücke-bildende
Teil (9) und der nicht-Lücke-bildende Teil (7) in benachbarter und abwechselnder Weise
in einer axialen Richtung (20) ausgebildet sind oder der Lücke-bildende Teil (9) und
der nicht-Lücke-bildende Teil (7) in benachbarter und abwechselnder Weise in einer
Drehrichtung ausgebildet sind; und der Webstoff (2), der diesen Überzug (3) bildet,
eine Breite (13b) des Lücke-bildenden Teils (9) und eine Breite (13a) des nicht-Lücke-bildenden
Teils (7) und eine Teilung (14), eine Stufe (12a), die ein Unterschied der Dicken
an dem Lücke-bildenden Teil (9) und dem nicht-Lücke-bildenden Teil (7) ist, ein Öffnungsverhältnis
gitterartiger Öffnungen an dem Lücke-bildenden Teil (9), oder einen Bildungsteil-Winkel,
mit dem der Lücke-bildende Teil (7) und der nicht-Lücke-bildende Teil (7) relativ
zu der Drehrichtung ausgebildet sind, der mit einer Funktion der Walze (1) in einer
Vorrichtung kompatibel ist, in der sie eingesetzt wird, aufgrund der Beschaffenheit
des Garns (5) und der Variation des Webmusters oder der Kombination der Webmuster
hat; und einen Überzug (3) umfasst, der hergestellt wurde, um eine Verarbeitung zu
erfahren, die an dem Garn (5) des Webstoffs (2) oder einem Material, aus dem das Garn
(5) oder der Webstoff (2) besteht, in Entsprechung zu dem Webmuster und dem Garn (5),
mit dem er gewoben ist, das so ausgewählt ist, dass es mit der Funktion der Walze
(1) kompatibel ist, durchgeführt wird.
3. Walze (1), die an ihrer Oberfläche mit einem Webstoff (2) ausgestattet ist, gemäß
Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Stufe (12a), welche der Unterschied der Dicken an dem Lücke-bildenden Teil (9)
und dem nicht-Lücke-bildenden Teil (7) ist, auf einem Mittel beruht, das einen Unterschied
zwischen einem Garndurchmesser des Kettgarns (26), der in dem Lücke-bildenden Teil
(9) verwendet wird, und einem Garndurchmesser des Kettgarns (26), der in dem nicht-Lücke-bildenden
Teil (7) verwendet wird, nutzt, oder auf einem Mittel beruht, das einen Unterschied
des Plättens eines Multifilaments (30) an einem schwach gedrehten Zwirn-Multifilament-Garn
nutzt, das eine Mehrzahl von Fasern an dem Kettgarn (26) umfasst, wobei mindestens
ein Mittel so verwendet wird, dass dieser Unterschied oder diese Unterschiede die
Ausbildung des Dickenunterschieds an dem Lücke-bildenden Teil (9) und dem nicht-Lücke-bildenden
Teil (7) in dem Webstoff (2) erlauben; das Öffnungsverhältnis der Lücken an dem Lücke-bildenden
Teil (9) so ist, dass die Größen der gitterartigen Öffnungen durch ein Mittel ausgebildet
werden, das Garndichten des Kettgarns (26) und des Schussgarns (25) in dem Lücke-bildenden
Teil (9) nutzt, durch ein Mittel ausgebildet werden, das das Plätten des Garns (5)
an dem schwach gedrehten Zwirn-Multifilament-Garn an dem Lücke-bildenden Teil (9)
nutzt, oder durch ein Mittel ausgebildet werden, das den Garndurchmesser des Kettgarns
(26) und den Garndurchmesser des Schussgarns (25) in dem Lücke-bildenden Teil (9)
nutzt, wobei mindestens ein Mittel dazu eingesetzt wird, die Lücken in dem Lücke-bildenden
Teil (9) zu bilden, wobei das Öffnungsverhältnis diese gitterartigen Öffnungen umfasst;
und der Webstoff (2), der der Überzug (3) ist, der an der Oberfläche der Walze (1)
vorgesehen ist, die Lücken in dem Lücke-bildenden Teil (9) und die Stufen hat, die
entsprechend der Funktion nötig sind.
4. Walze (1), die an ihrer Oberfläche mit einem Webstoff (2) ausgestattet ist, gemäß
Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Webstoff (2), aus dem der Überzug (3) besteht, der an der Oberfläche der Walze
(1) vorgesehen ist, ein zylindrischer Webstoff (2a) oder ein bahnartiger Webstoff
ist, ein Webstoff (2) ist, der so präpariert wurde, dass er einen Reibungskoeffizienten
hat, der an der Oberfläche der Walze (1) benötigt wird, und ein Webstoff (2) ist,
bei dem die Stufe (12a) zwischen dem nicht-Lücke-bildenden Teil (7) und dem Lücke-bildenden
Teil (9) wie erforderlich ausgebildet ist; der Reibungskoeffizient, der eine notwendige
Oberflächenbeschaffenheit an der Oberfläche der Walze (1) ist, mindestens an dem Garn
(5) in dem Bereich, an dem die Annäherung oder die Kontaktierung eines Garns (5) geschieht,
das ein Material enthält, das den Reibungskoeffizienten steuert, als ein Reibungskoeffizient
vorgesehen wird, der auf dem Garn (5) beruht, das an dem Webstoff (2) verwendet wird,
oder der Reibungskoeffizient als ein Reibungskoeffizient vorgesehen wird, der für
die Funktion der Walze (1) als ein Ergebnis der Verwendung benötigt wird; eine Faser
zum Verhindern des Ausfransens von Garn (5) in dem Garn (5) enthalten ist, wobei ein
Verarbeitung durchgeführt wird, bevor oder nachdem der Überzug (3) darauf angebracht
wird, wobei die Walze (1) eine Verarbeitung erfahren hat, um ein Ausfransen zu verhindern;
und Versetzungs-Verhinderungsmittel eingesetzt wurden, die verhindern, dass der Überzug
(3) eine Versetzung in der axialen Richtung (20) und eine Versetzung in der Drehrichtung
aufgrund einer Reibung und einer Kompression erfährt, wenn sich die Walze (1) dreht.
5. Walze (1), die an ihrer Oberfläche mit einem Webstoff (2) ausgestattet ist, gemäß
einem der Ansprüche 2 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Stufe (12a) zwischen dem Lücke-bildenden Teil (9) und dem nicht-Lücke-bildenden
Teil (7) aus Streifen in dem Muster aus Bändern (4) oder den mindestens zwei verschiedenen
Mustern besteht; die Walze (1) ein Ausfransungsverhinderungsmittel einsetzt, durch
das eine Verhinderung des Ausfransens des Garns (5) derart ist, dass die Verhinderung
an der Oberfläche des rotierenden Stützelements (10) oder des Webstoffs (2) durchgeführt
wird; Versetzungsverhinderungsmittel vorhanden sind, die verhindern, dass der Überzug
(3) eine Versetzung in der axialen Richtung (20) und eine Versetzung in der Drehrichtung
aufgrund einer Reibung und einer Kompression erfährt, wenn sich die Walze (1) dreht;
das Mittel zur Verhindern eines Ausfransens des Garns (5) des Überzugs (3) ein Ausfransungsverhinderungsmittel
ist, das eine thermoplastische Verformung oder eine plastische Verformung aufgrund
einer an dem Garn (5) anliegenden Spannung nutzt, ein Ausfransungsverhinderungsmittel
ist, das einen Klebstoff oder ein Beschichtungsmittel nutzt, oder ein Ausfransungsverhinderungsmittel
ist, das ein thermisches Verschweißen durch das Einbeziehen eines heißschmelzenden
Garns mit niedrigem Schmelzpunkt in dem Garn (5) des Webstoffs (2) nutzt, wobei der
Webstoff (2) derart ist, dass mindestens ein Ausfransungsverhinderungsmittel derart
eingesetzt wird, dass ein Ausfransen des Garns (5) verhindert wird; das Mittel zum
Verhindern einer Versetzung des Überzugs (3) von dem rotierenden Element ein Mittel
zum Verhindern der Versetzung des Überzugs (3) von dem rotierenden Element ist, das
eine Greifkraft nutzt, die eine Kraft zum Anspannen umfasst, welche eine Kraft der
Kontraktion oder eine Kraft der Dehnung des Webstoffs (2) und eine Reibung zwischen
dem Überzug (3) und dem rotierenden Stützelement (10) an dem Überzug (3) nutzt, ein
Versetzungsverhinderungsmittel ist, das eine Kraft der Kontraktion oder eine Kraft
des Dehnens des Webstoffs (2) und Fortsätze (10c) nutzt, die eine Rauheit der Oberfläche
des rotierenden Stützelements (10) darstellen, ein Versetzungsverhinderungsmittel
ist, das einen Fortsatz an dem Überzug (3) und eine Ausnehmung an dem rotierenden
Stützelement (10) nutzt, ein Versetzungsverhinderungsmittel ist, das maschenartige
Lücken in dem Webstoff (2), der den Überzug (3) bildet, und fortsatzartige Bereiche
oder hakenartige Bereiche auf dem rotierenden Stützelement (10), die mit jenen in
Eingriff sind, nutzt, ein Versetzungsverhinderungsmittel ist, das eine Klebkraft oder
thermisches Verschmelzen nutzt, oder ein Versetzungsverhinderungsmittel ist, das ein
Rotationsverhinderungselement nutzt, wobei die Walze (1) derart ist, dass eine Versetzung
zwischen dem Überzug (3) und dem rotierenden Stützelement (10) als ein Ergebnis des
Einsatzes mindestens eines Versetzungsverhinderungsmittels verhindert wird; und derart
ist, dass eine Verhinderung eines Ausfransens des Garns (5) durch das Ausfransungsverhinderungsmittel
und eine Verhinderung der Versetzung gegenüber dem rotierenden Stützelement (10) durch
das Versetzungsverhinderungsmittel durchgeführt werden.
6. Walze (1), die an ihrer Oberfläche mit einem Webstoff (2) ausgestattet ist, gemäß
Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Mittel zum Verhindern einer Versetzung des Überzugs (3) von dem rotierenden Stützelement
(10), das die Greifkraft, welche die Kraft des Anspannens umfasst, welche eine Kraft
der Kontraktion oder eine Kraft der Dehnung des Webstoffs (2) ist, und eine Reibung
zwischen dem Überzug (3) und dem rotierenden Stützelement (10) an dem Überzug (3)
nutzt, ein Mittel zum Verhindern der Versetzung des Überzugs (3) ist, bei dem die
Oberfläche des rotierenden Stützelements (10) mit einem Material abgedeckt ist, das
sich von dem Überzug (3) unterscheidet und das ein Material ist, das einen elastischen
Körper umfasst, der einen Reibungskoeffizienten hat, der höher als der Reibungskoeffizient
des Webstoffs (2) ist, und bei dem die Greifkraft aus der Kraft des Anspannens erhalten
wird, die auf der Kraft aus dem Dehnen oder der Kraft aus dem Wärmeschrumpfen des
Webstoffs (2) und dieses rotierenden Stützelements (10) beruht, ein Mittel zum Verhindern
der Versetzung des rotierenden Stützelements (10) und des Überzugs (3) ist, bei dem
die Greifkraft aus der Kraft des Anspannens aufgrund eines Wärmeschrumpfens oder einer
Spannung aufgrund einer Dehnbarkeit des Webstoffs (2) beruht, welcher der Art ist,
dass eine elastische Faser, die einen hohen Reibungskoeffizienten hat und eine Dehnbarkeit
hat, in dem Garn (5) enthalten ist, das eine Mehrzahl von Filamenten hat, die in dem
Webstoff (2) verwendet werden, aus dem der Überzug (3) besteht, und eine Reibung des
rotierenden Stützelements (10) und dieser elastischen Faser nutzt, ein Mittel zum
Verhindern der Versetzung des Überzugs (3) ist, das die Fortsätze auf dem rotierenden
Stützelement (10), auf dem die Fortsätze so ausgebildet sind, dass ihre Höhe niedriger
als die Dicke des Lücke-bildenden Teils (9) in dem Webstoff (2) ist, und einen Eingriff
mit dem Gitter des Lücke-bildenden Teils (9) des Webstoffs (2) oder einen Kontakt
der Fortsätze und des Webstoffs (2) nutzt, ein Mittel zum Verhindern der Versetzung
des Überzugs (3), das einen Eingriff zwischen dem Fortsatz an dem Satin-Webeteil des
Webstoffs (2) und der Vertiefung an dem rotierenden Stützelement (10) nutzt, ein Mittel
zum Verhindern einer Versetzung ist, das einen Eingriff zwischen den hakenartigen
Bereichen oder den fortsatzartigen Bereichen, die auf dem rotierenden Stützelement
(10) vorgesehen sind, und Öffnungen nutzt, die durch eine maschinelle Bearbeitung
des Webstoffs ausgebildet wurden, ein Mittel zum Verhindern einer Versetzung des Überzugs
(3) ist, bei dem das Rotationsverhinderungselement des Überzugs (3) an einem Ende
der Walze (1) vorgesehen ist, ein Mittel zum Verhindern einer Versetzung des rotierenden
Stützelements (10) und des Überzugs (3) ist, das mittels einer thermischen Verschmelzung
funktioniert, das ein Aufheizen nutzt, und derart, dass eine thermisch verschmelzbare
Faser oder ein thermisch verschmelzbares Garn (5), das eine thermisch verschmelzbare
Faser enthält, an dem Garn (5) des Webstoffs (2) verwendet wird, aus dem der Überzug
(3) besteht, als Ergebnis einer thermischen Wirkung verwendet wird, ein Mittel zum
Verhindern einer Versetzung des rotierenden Stützelements (10) und des Überzugs (3)
ist, bei dem ein druckempfindlicher Klebstoff oder ein nicht-druckempfindlicher Klebstoff,
der eine physische oder chemische Wirkung darstellt, auf dem rotierenden Stützelement
(10) vorgesehen ist, oder ein Mittel zum Verhindern einer Versetzung des Überzugs
(3) ist, bei dem der Überzug (3) durch das Rotationsverhinderungselement an einer
Stirnfläche der Walze (1) zusammengedrückt wird, wobei mindestens ein Versetzungsverhinderungsmittel
eingesetzt wird, um zu verhindern, dass der Überzug gegenüber dem rotierenden Stützelement
(10) versetzt wird, während dieses rotiert.
7. Walze (1), die an ihrer Oberfläche mit einem Webstoff (2) ausgestattet ist, gemäß
Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Webstoff (2), aus dem der Überzug (3) besteht, ein Garn (5), das eine synthetische
Faser umfasst, die sich in der Drehrichtung (19) des rotierenden Stützelements (10)
erstreckt, und ein Garn (5) umfasst, das aus einem Beliebigen ausgewählt ist aus:
mit abgedecktem Garn ausgebildetes Abdeckungsfilament, das eine nicht mit einer elastischen
Faser abgedeckte elastische Faser ist, Garn (5), das vielfache Schichten hat, das
Zwirn ist, der durch schwach gedrehtes Verzwirnen einer elastischen Faser mit einem
Filament ausgebildet wird, das sich von elastischer Faser unterscheidet, Garn, das
eine gekräuselte Faser umfasst, Garn, das eine wärmeschrumpfbare Faser umfasst, und
Garn, das ein thermisch verschmelzbares Garn umfasst, das einen niedrigen Schmelzpunkt
umfasst; wobei der Webstoff (2) in der Drehrichtung (19) des rotierenden Stützelements
(10) wärmeschrumpf- oder -dehnbar ist; das Garn, das sich in der axialen Richtung
(20) dieses Webstoffs (2) erstreckt, aus mindestens zwei Garnen ausgewählt ist aus:
Garn, das der Art ist, dass das in dem Satinbindungsteil und das in dem Leinenbindungsteil
oder dem Köperbindungsteil verwendetes Garn ein nicht dehnbares Monofilament (31)
umfasst, Garn, das ein nicht dehnbares Multifilament (30) umfasst, Garn, das ein thermisch
schmelzbares Garn enthält, das einen niedrigen Schmelzpunkt umfasst, Garn, das eine
elastische Faser umfasst, die einen hohen Reibungskoeffizienten hat, und Garn, das
ein Garn umfasst, das eine elastische Faser enthält, die einen hohen Reibungskoeffizienten
hat, wobei das Garn, das nicht dehnbares Filament enthält, oder das nicht dehnbare
Garn darunter mindestens für das Garn verwendet wird, das sich in der axialen Richtung
(20) des rotierenden Stützelements (10) erstreckt, um der Webstoff (2) zu erzeugen,
bei dem eine Dehnung in der axialen Richtung (20) des rotierenden Stützelements (10)
gesteuert wird, wobei dieser Webstoff (2) hergestellt wird, um als der Überzug (3)
an der Oberfläche des rotierenden Stützelements (10) zu dienen.
8. Vorrichtung, die die Walze (1) gemäß einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7 einsetzt, bei der
der Überzug (3), der den Webstoff (2) umfasst, an der Oberfläche des rotierenden Stützelements
(10) vorgesehen ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass diese Walze (1) ein Zufuhrmittel, Transportmittel, Antriebsmittel, Kühlungsmittel,
Saugmittel oder Reinigungsmittel an der Vorrichtung ist, wobei mindestens eines aus
diesen Mitteln an der Vorrichtung eingesetzt wird.