WASTE TREATMENT INSTALLATION

Description

Technical field

[0001] The present invention relates to a marine vessel waste treatment installation, which installation includes at least one waste receiving unit, at least one waste feeding unit, at least one incinerator unit provided with an outlet, and at least one flue gas pipeline connected to the outlet, which marine vessel waste treatment installation includes an inline cooling arrangement, which includes a water injection device with a water discharge nozzle for feeding a water stream directly into the flue gas pipeline at a given location of the flue gas pipeline and a pressurized air injection device for feeding pressurized air into the water stream, whereby the pressurized air injection device is connected to the water injection device so that it is arranged to feed pressurized air into the water stream before it is discharged from the water discharge nozzle, and which flue gas pipeline is provided with a temperature measuring unit, the water injection device is provided with a flow control means for adjusting a flow volume of the water stream based on a temperature measured by the temperature measuring unit and the pressurized air feed device is provided with a pressure control means for adjusting a pressure of the pressurized air based on a temperature measured by the temperature measuring unit, according to the pre-characterizing portion of claim 1. The present invention also relates to a method for flue gas cooling in a marine vessel waste treatment installation according to the pre-characterizing portion of claim 3.

Background art

[0002] Various waste treatment installations are known from prior art. Typical waste treatment installations, also for treating wet waste such as food waste and so-called household waste, include a waste feeding hopper, from which waste is fed onto a transport screw which forwards the waste into an incinerator furnace. Burning of the waste takes place in the incinerator furnace e.g. at a temperature of 850 °C to 1200 °C. An example of such an installation is known from EP 1 384 948 B1.

[0003] In such known waste treatment installations flue gas resulting from the burning of the waste has a very high temperature which generates dioxin-like chemicals.

[0004] In order to reduce the amount of generated dioxin-like chemicals a number of different solutions have been presented. CN 102230627 discusses a land based refuse combustion furnace with a separate gas quenching cooling tower. The cooling tower is provided with cooling water atomizers in order to lower the temperature of the flue gas. CN 103644570 discloses another known land based solution where high pressure water mist is used for quenching flue gas in connection with the combustion furnace. These are technically complex and space requiring constructions. EP 1 065 444 B1 discloses other exhaust gas cooling arrangements where high pressure water and high pressure air is introduced into a separate cooling chamber through a separate mixing device or high pressure hot water is introduced to an exhaust gas duct.

[0005] Further, US 2006/0166152 A1 discloses a gas incinerator device for burning primarily boil-off gas on board a liquified gas tanker. The gas incinerator device is supplied with additional combustion air as well as separately delivered outside air flow and water for cooling combusted gas. US 2004/0262787 A1 discloses a gas conditioning unit for an industrial plant in which a gas cooling/conditioning tower is provided with a pressurized air-water spray for conditioning the gas in the conditioning tower. JP 2001 269530 A discloses another solution where gas is treated in a cooling tower by a pressurized air-water spray in order to avoid corrosion of the cooling tower.

[0006] US 2014/0060323 A1 and US 2012/0260800 A1 disclose wet scrubbing installation for ships.

[0007] These are technically complex constructions making them very expensive and apt to functional failure. Furthermore, the known solutions are space demanding making them unsuitable for marine vessels.

Summary of invention

[0008] An object of the present invention is to avoid the drawbacks of prior art and to achieve an efficient marine vessel waste treatment installation with a simple flue gas cooling arrangement fulfilling the requirements of the relevant IMO Resolutions. This object is attained by a marine vessel waste treatment installation according to claim 1 and a method for flue gas cooling in a marine vessel waste treatment installation according to claim 3.

[0009] The basic idea of the present invention is to effectively cool the flue gas within a short distance after the flue gas enters the flue gas pipeline from the outlet of the incinerator unit. This is achieved by an inline cooling arrangement that is installed in the flue gas pipeline. The cooling arrangement includes a water injection device with a water discharge nozzle for feeding a water stream directly into the flue gas pipeline at a given location of the flue gas pipeline. The cooling arrangement further includes a pressurized air injection device for feeding pressurized air into the water stream.

[0010] The advantage of the present invention is that no auxiliary cooling reactor is required. In addition, it is only necessary to provide the flue gas pipeline with a technically simple cooling arrangement and a temperature measuring arrangement. This is a technically advantageous and inexpensive measure, which requires no extra space onboard the marine vessel.

[0011] The pressurized air fed into the water stream disperses the water into mist that has a maximal surface to cool the flue gas within a given distance of about 2.5 m in the flue gas pipeline measured from the outlet of the incinerator unit. The flue gas is cooled to a temperature under or about 250 °C.

[0012] This particular requirement is based on the IMO Resolution MEPC 244(66), the Standard Specification for Shipboard Incinerators.

[0013] A further advantageous feature of the marine waste treatment installation is given in claim 2.

Brief description of drawings

[0014] In the following the invention will be described, by way of example only, with reference to the accompanying schematic drawings, in which

Figs. 1 and 2 show a first arrangement,

Figs. 3 and 4 show a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and

Figs. 5 and 6 show a second arrangement.

Detailed description

[0015] In figures 1 to 6 a marine vessel V waste treatment installation is indicated by reference numeral 1. The waste treatment installation 1 is installed on board a marine vessel V as indicated in Figures 1, 3 and 5.

[0016] The waste treated onboard the marine vessel V waste treatment installation 1 is normally composed of a mixture of dry waste and wet waste. Typically dry waste according to IMO standards would be composed of about 40% of cardboard, 30 % of other packaging and paper, 20% of fibers and 10% of plastics. Typically wet waste would be composed of food waste and sludge with a maximum moisture content of about 80%. The purpose is to maintain average moisture content of the waste mixture at a level of about 50% or below in order to ensure that the waste mixture burns efficiently in an incinerator unit.

[0017] Figures 1 and 2 illustrate a first arrangement, figures 3 and 4 illustrate a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and figures 5 and 6 illustrate a second arrangement. Generally these comprise similar arrangements, whereby the main difference is in a cooling arrangement provided for the waste treatment installation, which is described separately in more detail below.

[0018] The main components of the waste treatment installation 1 include a waste receiving unit 2, a waste feeding unit 3, and an incinerator unit 4. Flue gas resulting from the burning of the waste in the incinerator unit 4 is discharged into a flue gas pipeline 8 from an outlet 7 of the incinerator unit 4. The flue gas pipeline 8 is directly connected to the outlet 7 of the incinerator unit 4.

[0019] The incinerator unit 4 may include a secondary burning chamber 6 with a flue gas channel 5 arranged before the actual outlet 7 of the incinerator unit 4. The waste mixture is burned in the incinerator unit 4 where after the flue gases resulting from the burning of the waste or waste mixture are discharged through the outlet 7 into the flue gas pipeline 8. In case the incinerator unit 4 includes a secondary burning chamber 6, an additional burning phase can take place in the secondary burning chamber 6 to ensure high fly-ash separation and a more complete burning of the flue gases. Such an arrangement would provide for a long gas retention time resulting in very clean burning. The first section of the incinerator unit 4 and the secondary burning chamber 6 are advantageously connected by the flue gas channel 5. The flue gas pipeline 8 is advantageously provided with a blower 9 in order to enhance the efficiency of discharge of the flue gas.

[0020] In order to effectively cool the flue gas in the flue gas pipeline 8, the marine vessel V waste treatment installation 1 includes an inline cooling arrangement 10 connected to the flue gas pipeline 8. The inline cooling arrangement 10 includes a water injection device 11 with a water discharge nozzle 12 for feeding a water stream directly into the flue gas pipeline 8 at a given location A of the flue gas pipeline 8. The water injection device 11 is directly connected to and installed in a casing 81 of the flue gas pipeline 8 so that the water discharge nozzle 12 is located inside the casing 81, whereby the water can be fed directly into the flue gas discharged into and flowing in the flue gas pipeline 8.

[0021] The water injection device 11 receives line pressure water from a source of water 13 onboard the marine vessel V, the line pressure usually being approximately 4 bar, normally available on a marine vessel. Between the water injection device 11 and the source of water 13 there is a flow control means 14 for adjusting and controlling the volume of water flow.

[0022] Further, the cooling arrangement 10 is provided with a pressurized air injection device 16 for feeding pressurized air into the water stream as the water is discharged from the water discharge nozzle 12 (Figures 1 and 2), into the water as it flows through the water injection device (Figures 3 and 4), or into the water after it is discharged from the water discharge nozzle 12 (Figures 5 and 6).

[0023] Pressurized air is provided to the pressurized air injection device 16 from a source of pressurized air 17 onboard the marine vessel V. Between the source of pressurized air 17 and the pressurized air injection device 16 there is a pressure control unit 18. The pressurized air used in this cooling arrangement is the pressurized air normally available in machinery rooms on a marine vessel.

[0024] The flue gas pipeline 8 is provided with a temperature measuring unit 20 at a given distance D from the outlet 7 of the incinerator unit 4. The given distance is under or about 2.5 m as discussed above. The volume of water flow is controlled and adjusted based on the temperature measured by the temperature measuring unit 20 as indicated by broken lines in Figures 1-6. The pressure of the pressurized air is controlled and adjusted based on the temperature measured by the temperature measuring unit 20 as indicated by broken lines in Figures 1-6. By optimizing the volume of water flow and the pressure of the pressurized air the desired degree of cooling can be achieved, i.e. a flue gas temperature of under or about 250 °C in the flue gas pipeline 8 at the given distance of about 2.5 m from the outlet 7 of the incinerator unit 4.

[0025] In the arrangement of Figures 1 and 2, the water injection device 11 is provided with a channel for the water stream coming from the source of water 13 and a surrounding double hollow jacket. The pressurized air injection device 16 is directly connected to the interior of the hollow jacket of the water injection device 11 from the side of the water injection device 11 so that pressurized air is fed into and along the hollow jacket and into the water discharge nozzle 12, whereby pressurized air is introduced into the water discharge nozzle 12 so that the pressurized air encounters the water stream as it is discharged from the water discharge nozzle 12 into the flue gas flowing in the flue gas pipeline 8. The pressurized air could also be fed to the water discharge nozzle 12 e.g. through a separate tubing.

[0026] In the preferred embodiment of Figures 3 and 4, the water injection device 11 is provided with a channel for the water stream coming from the source of water 13 and a surrounding jacket. The pressurized air injection device 16 leads directly into the water channel through the jacket from the side of the water injection device 11, whereby the pressurized air is introduced into the water stream already as it flows along the water channel and before the water is discharged from the water discharge nozzle 12 into the flue gas flowing in the flue gas pipeline 8.

[0027] In the arrangement of Figures 5 and 6, the water injection device 11 is provided with a channel for the water stream coming from the source of water 13 and a surrounding jacket. In this embodiment, the pressurized air injection device 16 is directly connected to and installed in the casing 81 of the flue gas pipeline 8, separately from the water injection device 11, so that the pressurized air injection device 16 is partly located inside the casing 8. The pressurized air injection device 16 is installed closely to the discharge nozzle 12 of the water injection device 11. In this way, the pressurized air is fed directly into water after the water is discharged from the water discharge nozzle 12 into the flue gas flowing in the flue gas pipeline 8.

[0028] In all three, the pressurized air fed into the water stream disperses the water into mist that has a maximal surface to cool the flue gas within the given distance of about 2.5 m in the flue gas pipeline measured from the outlet 7 of the incinerator unit 4. The flue gas is cooled to a temperature about or under 250 °C.

[0029] The drawings and the description related thereto are only intended for clarification of the basic idea of the invention. The invention may vary in detail within the scope of the ensuing claims.

Claims

1. A marine vessel (V) waste treatment installation (1), which includes at least one waste receiving unit (2), at least one waste feeding unit (3), at least one incinerator unit (4) provided with an outlet (7), and at least one flue gas pipeline (8) connected to the outlet (7), which marine vessel (V) waste treatment installation includes an inline cooling arrangement (10), which includes a water injection device (11) with a water discharge nozzle (12) for feeding a water stream directly into the flue gas pipeline (8) at a given location (A) of the flue gas pipeline (8) and a pressurized air injection device (16) for feeding pressurized air into the water stream, whereby the pressurized air injection device (16) is connected to the water injection device (11) so that it is arranged to feed pressurized air into the water stream before it is discharged from the water discharge nozzle (12), and which flue gas pipeline (8) is provided with a temperature measuring unit (20), the water injection device (11) is provided with a flow control means (14) for adjusting a flow volume of the water stream based on a temperature measured by the temperature measuring unit (20) and the pressurized air injection device (16) is provided with a pressure control means (18) for adjusting a pressure of the pressurized air based on a temperature measured by the temperature measuring unit (20), wherein the flue gas pipeline (8) is directly connected to the outlet (7) of the incinerator unit (4), the temperature measurement unit (20) is located in the flue gas pipeline (8) within a given distance (D) of 2.5 m from the outlet (7) of the incinerator unit (4), and wherein the flue gas is arranged to be cooled to a give temperature of 250°C or under at said given distance (D) from the outlet (7).

2. A marine vessel (V) waste treatment installation according to claim 1, wherein the water injection device (11) is directly connected to and installed in a casing (81) of the flue gas pipeline (8).

3. A method for flue gas cooling in a marine vessel (V) waste treatment installation (1), which installation includes at least one waste receiving unit (2), at least one waste feeding unit (3), at least one incinerator unit (4) provided with an outlet (7), and at least one flue gas pipeline (8) connected to the outlet (7), in which method the flue gas is discharged into the flue gas pipeline (8), in which method the flue gas in the flue gas pipeline (8) is cooled by means of an inline cooling arrangement (10), by which inline cooling arrangement a water stream is fed directly into the flue gas pipeline (8) through a water discharge nozzle (12) at a given location (A) of the flue gas pipeline (8) and by which inline cooling arrangement pressurized air is fed into the water stream before it is discharged from the water discharge nozzle (12), the temperature of the flue gas in the flue gas pipeline (8) is measured, a flow volume of the water stream is adjusted based on the measured temperature of the flue gas and a pressure of the pressurized air is adjusted based on the measured temperature of the flue gas, wherein according to the method the flue gas pipeline (8) is directly connected to the outlet (7) of the incinerator unit (4), the temperature is measured in the flue gas pipeline (8) within a given distance (D) of 2.5 m from the outlet (7) of the incinerator unit (4), and wherein the flue gas is cooled to a given temperature of 250°C or under at the time it reaches said given distance (D) from the outlet (7).

Ansprüche

1. Abfallbehandlungsanlage (1) für Wasserfahrzeuge (V), die mindestens eine Abfallaufnahmeeinheit (2), mindestens eine Abfallzuführeinheit (3), mindestens eine Verbrennungseinheit (4), die mit einem Auslass (7) versehen ist, und mindestens eine Rauchgasleitung (8), die mit dem Auslass (7) verbunden ist, umfasst, wobei die Abfallbehandlungsanlage für Wasserfahrzeuge (V) eine Inline-Kühlanordnung (10) umfasst, die eine Wassereinspritzvorrichtung (11) mit einer Wasserausstoßdüse (12) zum Einspeisen eines Wasserstroms an einer gegebenen Stelle (A) der Rauchgasleitung (8) direkt in die Rauchgasleitung (8) und eine Drucklufteinspritzvorrichtung (16) zum Einspeisen von Druckluft in den Wasserstrom umfasst, wobei die Drucklufteinspritzvorrichtung (16) mit der Wassereinspritzvorrichtung (11) so verbunden ist, dass sie dafür ausgelegt ist, Druckluft in den Wasserstrom einzuspeisen, bevor dieser von der Wasserausstoßdüse (12) abgegeben wird, und wobei die Rauchgasleitung (8) mit einer Temperaturmesseinheit (20) versehen ist, die Wassereinspritzvorrichtung (11) mit einem Durchflusssteuerungsmittel (14) zum Anpassen einer Durchflussmenge basierend auf einer durch die Temperaturmesseinheit (20) gemessenen Temperatur versehen ist und die Drucklufteinspritzvorrichtung (16) mit einem Drucksteuerungsmittel (18) zum Anpassen eines Drucks der Druckluft basierend auf einer durch die Temperaturmesseinheit (20) gemessenen Temperatur versehen ist, wobei die Rauchgasleitung (8) direkt mit dem Auslass (7) der Verbrennungseinheit (4) verbunden ist, die Temperaturmesseinheit (20) in der Rauchgasleitung (8) innerhalb eines gegebenen Abstands (D) von 2,5 m vom Auslass (7) der Verbrennungseinheit (4) angeordnet ist, und wobei das Rauchgas dafür ausgelegt ist, in dem gegebenen Abstand (D) vom Auslass (7) auf eine gegebene Temperatur von 250 °C oder niedriger gekühlt zu werden.

2. Abfallbehandlungsanlage für Wasserfahrzeuge (V) nach Anspruch 1, wobei die Wassereinspritzvorrichtung (11) direkt mit einem Gehäuse (81) der Rauchgasleitung (8) verbunden und in diesem installiert ist.

3. Verfahren zur Rauchgaskühlung in einer Abfallbehandlungsanlage (1) für Wasserfahrzeuge (V), wobei die Anlage mindestens eine Abfallaufnahmeeinheit (2), mindestens eine Abfallzuführeinheit (3), mindestens eine Verbrennungseinheit (4), die mit einem Auslass (7) versehen ist, und mindestens eine Rauchgasleitung (8), die mit dem Auslass (7) verbunden ist, umfasst, wobei das Rauchgas in dem Verfahren in die Rauchgasleitung (8) abgegeben wird, wobei das Rauchgas in der Rauchgasleitung (8) in dem Verfahren mittels einer Inline-Kühlanordnung (10) gekühlt wird, wobei ein Wasserstrom durch die Inline-Kühlanordnung durch eine Wasserausstoßdüse (12) an einer gegebenen Stelle (A) der Rauchgasleitung (8) direkt in die Rauchgasleitung (8) eingespeist wird, und wobei Druckluft durch die Inline-Kühlanordnung in den Wasserstrom eingespeist wird, bevor dieser aus der Wasserausstoßdüse 12) abgegeben wird, die Temperatur des Rauchgases in der Rauchgasleitung (8) gemessen wird, eine Durchflussmenge des Wasserstroms basierend auf der gemessenen Temperatur des Rauchgases angepasst wird und ein Druck der Druckluft basierend auf der gemessenen Temperatur des Rauchgases angepasst wird, wobei, gemäß dem Verfahren, die Rauchgasleitung (8) direkt mit dem Auslass (7) der Verbrennungseinheit (4) verbunden ist, die Temperatur in der Rauchgasleitung (8) innerhalb eines gegebenen Abstands (D) von 2,5 m von dem Auslass (7) der Verbrennungseinheit (4) gemessen wird, und wobei das Rauchgas zu dem Zeitpunkt, zu dem es den gegebenen Abstand (D) vom Auslass (7) erreicht, auf eine gegebene Temperatur von 250 °C oder niedriger gekühlt wird.

Revendications

1. Installation de traitement de déchets (1) d'un navire (V), comprenant au moins une unité de réception de déchets (2), au moins une unité d'alimentation en déchets (3), au moins une unité d'incinérateur (4) dotée d'une sortie (7), et au moins une conduite de gaz de combustion (8) reliée à la sortie (7), ladite installation de traitement de déchets d'un navire (V) comprenant un système de refroidissement en ligne (10) comprenant un dispositif d'injection d'eau (11) avec une buse de décharge d'eau (12) destinée à introduire un jet d'eau directement dans la conduite de gaz de combustion (8) à un endroit donné (A) de la conduite de gaz de combustion (8) et un dispositif d'injection d'air comprimé (16) destinée à introduire de l'air comprimé dans le jet d'eau, moyennant quoi le dispositif d'injection d'air comprimé (16) est relié au dispositif d'injection d'eau (11) de manière à pouvoir introduire de l'air comprimé dans le jet d'eau avant qu'il ne soit déchargé à partir de la buse de décharge d'eau (12), et ladite conduite de gaz de combustion (8) étant dotée d'une unité de mesure de la température (20), le dispositif d'injection d'eau (11) étant doté d'un moyen de régulation de flux (14) permettant de régler un débit du jet d'eau sur la base d'une température mesurée par l'unité de mesure de la température (20) et le dispositif d'injection d'air comprimé (16) étant doté d'un moyen de régulation de la pression (18) destiné à régler une pression de l'air comprimé sur la base d'une température mesurée par l'unité de mesure de la température (20), dans laquelle la conduite de gaz de combustion (8) est reliée directement à la sortie (7) de l'unité d'incinérateur (4), l'unité de mesure de la température (20) se trouve dans la conduite de gaz de combustion (8) à une distance donnée (D) de 2,5 m de la sortie (7) de l'unité d'incinérateur (4), et dans laquelle
le gaz de combustion est destiné à être refroidi à une température donnée de 250° ou moins à ladite distance donnée (D) de la sortie (7).

2. Installation de traitement de déchets d'un navire (V) selon la revendication 1, dans laquelle le dispositif d'injection d'eau (11) est relié directement à une gaine (81) de la conduite de gaz de combustion (8) et installé dans celle-ci.

3. Procédé pour le refroidissement de gaz de combustion dans une installation de traitement de déchets (1) d'un navire (V), ladite installation comprenant au moins une unité de réception de déchets (2), au moins une unité d'alimentation en déchets (3), au moins une unité d'incinérateur (4) dotée d'une sortie (7), et au moins une conduite de gaz de combustion (8) reliée à la sortie (7), ledit procédé comprenant la décharge du gaz de combustion dans la conduite de gaz de combustion (8), ledit procédé comprenant le refroidissement du gaz de combustion dans la conduite de gaz de combustion (8) à l'aide d'un système de refroidissement en ligne (10), ledit système de refroidissement en ligne permettant d'introduire un jet d'eau directement dans la conduite de gaz de combustion (8) à travers une buse décharge d'eau (12) à un endroit donné (A) de la conduite de gaz de combustion (8) et ledit système de refroidissement en ligne permettant d'introduire de l'air comprimé dans le jet d'eau avant qu'il ne soit déchargé à partir de la buse décharge d'eau (12), la température du gaz de combustion dans la conduite de gaz de combustion (8) étant mesurée, un débit du jet d'eau étant réglé sur la base de la température mesurée du gaz de combustion et une pression de l'air comprimé étant réglée sur la base de la température mesurée du gaz de combustion, dans lequel selon le procédé, la conduite de gaz de combustion (8) est reliée directement à la sortie (7) de l'unité d'incinérateur (4), la température est mesurée dans la conduite de gaz de combustion (8) à une distance donnée (D) de 2,5 m de la sortie (7) de l'unité d'incinérateur (4), et dans lequel le gaz de combustion est refroidi à une température donnée de 250°C ou moins au moment où il a parcouru ladite distance donnée (D) à partir de la sortie (7).

Drawing