Technical Field
[0001] The present invention relates to a gas extraction station and a packaging apparatus
comprising a gas extraction station. The packaging process implemented by the apparatus
includes extraction of gas from a package or from a semi-sealed package in a gas extraction
station having a single vacuum chamber.
Background Art
[0002] A packaging apparatus can be used to package a food product. The product can be a
naked product or a product pre-loaded onto a tray. A tube of plastic wrap can be continuously
fed through a bag/package forming, filling and sealing apparatus. The film and the
product are joined, for example the product is deposited on the film or the film is
wrapped around the product. In some examples, the naked product is fed through an
infeed belt. A tube is created around the product by sealing opposite longitudinal
edges of the film. Alternatively, the product is placed in the tube and a leading
edge of the packaging is sealed. Then the tube is sealed at the trailing edge (at
the upstream end) of the package and is severed from the continuously moving tube
of packaging.
[0003] In some embodiments, the tube can be provided as a tube, or be formed from two films
or webs sealed longitudinally at two longitudinal edges, or from a single film that
is folded over and sealed along its longitudinal edges. In other embodiments, products
are loaded into pre-formed bags which are then supplied to a gas extraction station
and sealing station. Further, some embodiments can facilitate gas extraction from
two or more packages at the same time in the same process step. The latter can be
realized, for example, by processing two or more bags at the same gas extraction station
or by feeding, in parallel, two or more tubes of film into a packaging apparatus,
where the tubes are processed in parallel.
[0004] Sealing bars can be used to seal the package, wherein a lower bar and an upper bar
are moved with respect to one another in order to contact each other, squeezing the
packaging material in between and providing one or more seals. The sealing bars typically
also form an adjacent seal, which comprises the opposite end of the next following
package, thereby providing one semi-sealed (e.g. having an open end) and one sealed
package during a single packaging process step.
[0005] The seals are typically transversally extending regions of packaging material that
have been processed to provide a seal between the inside of the packaging and the
environment. In the context of this document, whenever extraction of gas is referred
to, it is understood that the term "gas" can comprise an individual particular gas
or a mixture of gases and can, for example, consist of air (i.e. consist of a mixture
of gases corresponding to ambient air). In some embodiments, packages can be flushed
with a protective gas (sometimes also referred to as "inert" gas). It is noted that
any known protective gas or gas mixture can be used here, for example CO
2.
[0006] Gas can be injected into the package in the space between the product and the film
at a loading station with or without a first seal closing the pack at the first end
thereof (i.e. at a trailing edge). Any remaining gas inside the package after gas
or air has been extracted therefrom and after the package has been sealed assures
a very low residual level of O
2 inside the package (e.g., a residual level of O
2 of 1% or lower). This is particularly beneficial with respect to protection of perishable
products (e.g. cheese with low gassing level during maturation).
[0007] A packaging apparatus is typically used for numerous different products with respect
to the type of product, size, weight, composition, etc. A range of vacuum chamber
machines for an application called "soft vacuum" exists, in which a product (e.g.
soft or medium hard cheese with holes) is vacuumized in machines based on a two-chamber
apparatus. The two chambers are provided with different air pressures and are separated
by a dividing wall having a gasket. The first chamber is a vacuumized chamber provided
with a vacuum pressure. The second chamber is a vacuumized chamber provided with vacuum
pressure that is higher than the vacuum pressure provided in the first chamber and
contains the product placed in a bag.
[0008] Generally, such a setup may entail several limitations. For example, the complexity
and cost for the equipment leaves room for improvement due to the many components
required. Further, the size of products that can be processed depend upon the size
of the second chamber holding the product during packaging. In some applications,
it is difficult to provide chambers of sufficient size due to structural limitation
of some components (e.g. actuators). Also, maintaining process reliability and durability
of components may be difficult with increasing size of components (e.g. chambers,
actuators, gaskets) as the size typically impacts wear and tear properties. Additionally,
processing times may increase due to vacuumization of larger chambers taking comparably
longer time.
[0009] US 2012/0174531 discloses a packaging machine and a method of forming a vacuum package. A first evacuable
chamber is used for accommodating therein a product-accommodating section of a package,
whereas a second evacuable chamber is used for accommodating therein an opening section
of the package. Pressure gauges measure the pressure in both chambers, and a supply
air valve serves to supply air into the first chamber. The disclosure is characterized
in that the supply air valve is a control valve and is adapted to be controlled in
dependence upon the difference between the pressures which prevail in the first and
second chambers and which are measured by means of the two pressure gauges. The disclosure
also relates to the fact that a gap is provided in a partition between the two chambers
and that an adjuster is provided for varying and adjusting the cross-sectional area
of said gap.
[0010] EP 1564147 describes an apparatus and process for vacuum packaging a product in a bag. The apparatus
comprises a cover hinged to a base member, the cover and the base member being provided
with upper and lower divider walls cooperatively defining a first vacuum chamber,
a second vacuum chamber adjacent to the first chamber, and an aperture connecting
the first and second chambers for passing therethrough the neck of the bag. The apparatus
further comprises means to evacuate the first and second chambers independently from
each other and means to close the receptacle. The apparatus further comprises means
to admit air in the first vacuum chamber and the aperture is provided with means to
reduce the passage of air from one chamber to the other. The evacuation process includes
one or more cycles of alternately removing air from within the first and second vacuum
chambers, while in some phases pressure is at least partially restored in the first
vacuum chamber.
[0011] US4601159A describes a machine for packaging articles in continuous tubular material, which
may be formed by rolling the marginal edges of a flat web around a succession of the
product articles to bring the marginal edges into contact and then sealing them continuously
to complete the tube, comprises a pair of transverse sealing jaws which each include
a hemi-cylindrical chamber having gas-pervious walls and defining a cylindrical space
initially centrally divided by the film between two successive product articles. The
film, extending diametrically across the space, is first of all severed and then suction
is applied to the gas-pervious walls to draw the film into contact with the walls.
To the right-hand side of the space is a double impulse sealing system centrally divided
by a knife which separates a right-hand pack from the film in the space, and to the
left-hand side of that space is a further double impulse sealing system, again with
a knife to effect separation. The sealing pads at the left-hand side are movable by
means of push rods so that initially they allow the pack to be communicated with the
space while the pack has been separated from the space, and this enables gas from
within the pack to be extracted by way of the hemi-cylindrical chambers and the suction
conduits. Subsequently the two sealing pads are pressed into contact with their counter
pressure pads and the right-hand side of the pack is then isolated from the space.
[0012] An aim of the present invention is to provide a packaging apparatus that facilitates
efficient packaging of products of larger sizes irrespective of the size of a vacuum
or processing chamber. A further aim of the present invention is to provide a packaging
apparatus that facilitate extraction of gas and/or air from a package - similar to
vacuumization achieved by known apparatuses and processes - using one chamber only.
Summary of invention
[0013] At least one of the above aims is reached by an apparatus according to any one of
the claims.
Brief description of drawings
[0014]
FIGs. 1 and 2 depict a first embodiment of a packaging apparatus according to the
present invention;
FIG. 3 shows a cross-section view of a portion of a gas extraction station in accordance
with the present invention;
FIG. 4 shows a cross-section view of a portion of a gas extraction station in accordance
with the present invention, illustrating a particular profile of terminal portions
of first and second members of the vacuum chamber as well as a schematic drawing of
gas flow;
FIG. 5 shows an isometric view of a portion of a gas extraction station in accordance
with the present invention;
FIGs. 6 and 7 depict a second embodiment of a packaging apparatus according to the
present invention;
FIG. 8 shows a cross-section view of a portion of a gas extraction station in accordance
with the present invention;
FIGs. 9 and 10 show a cross-section view of a gas extraction station in accordance
with the present invention;
FIGs. 11A to 11I show a cross-section view of a gas extraction station and associated
means for moving, whereas different stages of the gas extraction process are depicted;
FIG. 12 shows an isometric view of a third embodiment of a packaging apparatus according
to the present invention employing a gas extraction station having two vacuum chambers
arranged in parallel; and
FIGs. 12A and 12B show detailed views of the gas extraction station of FIG. 12.
Detailed Description
[0015] FIGs. 1 and 2 depict a first embodiment of a packaging apparatus according to the
present invention. The packaging apparatus 1 comprises a sealing station 3, a gas
extraction station 35, and means for moving 30. Packaging apparatus 1 further comprises
a loading station (not shown). Means for moving 30 are configured to move a product
20, placed inside a film 21, from the loading station towards and through the sealing
station 3 and towards and through the gas extraction station 35.
[0016] Typically, products 20 are loaded onto a continuously supplied film, for example
supplied from a roll of film (not shown), the film being subsequently longitudinally
sealed in order to create a sequence of products 20 placed in tubular film 21. Optionally,
a flusher 34 may be provided in order to flush the inside of tubular film 21 with
a protective gas or mixture of gases. The gas or gases may substantially comprise
or consist of CO
2.
[0017] Products 20 to be packaged assume different states (e.g. 20a, 20b, 20c, 20d) of packaging.
States 20a, 20b, 20c, and 20d denote a product 20 being in different packaging stages.
For example, state 20a denotes product 20 placed inside tubular film 21, state 20b
denotes product 20 being contained in a semi-sealed package (i.e. a package having
a sealed end and an open end), and states 20c and 20d denotes product 20 being contained
in a sealed package (i.e. a package having two sealed ends, wherein gas in the package
being has or has not been extracted).
[0018] In state 20a, film 21 is positioned around product 20 or product 20 is positioned
in a tubular film 21. Alternatively, in state 20a product 20 is positioned on film
21, which is subsequently folded over and sealed at its longitudinal edges in order
to form a tubular film 21. This step can be carried out at the loading station and/or
at a (separate) longitudinal sealing station.
[0019] Sealing station 3 comprises an upper sealing and cutting member 31 and a lower sealing
and cutting member 32 configured to seal and cut film 21. Sealing and cutting members
31 and 32 are configured to create a first seal on film 21, thereby creating a semi-sealed
package 23 containing product 20 in state 20b and separating semi-sealed package 23
from the continuously supplied film 21 that is sealed at the downstream end of the
film. Product 20 in state 20b is situated inside film 21 and semi-sealed package 23
comprises a sealed end and an opposite open end.
[0020] The gas extraction station 35 is configured to create a second seal on film 21 at
the second open end of the semi-sealed package, thereby creating a sealed package
24. In state 20d, product 20 is situated inside film 21 and sealed package 24 comprises
a first sealed end and an opposite second sealed end. The first and second sealed
ends can also be situated not directly opposite each other, for example in cases where
one of the seals is created at an angle to a longitudinal extension of the package
and/or to a lateral extension of the other seal. In another embodiment, the gas extraction
station 35 take over the function of sealing station 3 in that while gas is extracted
from a semi-sealed package, gas extraction station 35 performs sealing and cutting
as described above with respect to sealing station 3. This concept can be visualized
based on the embodiment shown in FIG. 2. Instead of operating only on one end of packages
24 in state 20d (see on the left hand side of gas extraction station 35), it can be
imagined that package 23 immediately to the right of gas extraction station 35 (see
package/product directly below arrow 30a) is sealed at the downstream end of the package
at the same time members 351 and 352 are in contact with one another in order to extract
gas from the previous package and to seal the package after the extraction. The sealing
at both the upstream and downstream ends of gas extraction station 35 could be effected
at substantially the same time.
[0021] Gas extraction station 35 comprises a first (or upper) member 351 and a second (or
lower) member 352, which can be brought from a first configuration, in which the members
351 and 352 are spaced apart from one another (see FIG. 1), into a second configuration,
in which the members 351 and 352 are substantially in contact with one another (see
FIG. 2). In some embodiments, members 351 and 352 are, in the second configuration,
in contact with one another along a perimeter of members 351 and 352, except for at
least one opening that is formed between members 351 and 352. In a cross section taken
along a horizontal plane (i.e. a plane parallel to a horizontal working surface of
packaging apparatus 1, e.g. an upper surface of conveyor belt 30), members 351 and
352 may have a substantially rectangular shape. Members 351 and 352 are configured
to define, in the second configuration, a vacuum chamber 353. FIGs. 1 and 2 show members
351 and 352, as well as vacuum chamber 353 in (vertical; see above with respect to
horizontal) cross section. Thus, front and back sidewalls (i.e. walls parallel to
the view plane) are not shown in order to visualize the inside of vacuum chamber 353.
[0022] With respect to FIGs. 1 and 2, the packaging apparatus 1 further comprises a control
unit 50. The control unit is connected (individual connections are not shown for clarity)
to one or more components of the packaging apparatus 1, including the loading station,
sealing station 3, sealing and cutting members 31 and 32, means for moving 30, members
351 and 352, and flusher 34. Flusher 34 may be provided in order to flush the inside
of the packaging film 21 with a protective gas or mixture of gases. The control unit
50 is further connected to gas extraction station 35, where gas is extracted from
the semi-packaged products in state 20b and where they are sealed (and, thus, are
brought into state 20d).
[0023] Control unit 50 may further be connected to additional components, such as a hot
air or shrink tunnel 33, where the film material around packaged products 20 in state
20d can be additionally shrinked after having been sealed. It is noted that the gas
extraction station 35 can comprise any means for gas extraction known in the art.
FIGs. 1 and 2 do not show individual connection lines between the control unit 50
and other components for clarity. It is understood that packaging apparatus 1 can
comprise common connection means for connecting control unit 50 to other components,
for example electrical, optical, or other connections and/or leads.
[0024] Control unit 50 can be configured for controlling the transport of products 20 along
a predefined path, for example by controlling a motor comprised in means for moving
30 according to a step-by-step motion or according to a continuous motion. The control
unit can also control actuators of different components as described below, for example,
in order to create transverse seals on the tubular film or in order to actuate members
31, 32, 351, and/or 352.
[0025] Control unit 50 can comprise a digital processor (CPU) with memory (or memories),
an analogical type circuit, or a combination of one or more digital processing units
with one or more analogical processing circuits. In the present description and in
the claims it is indicated that the control unit is "configured" or "programmed" to
execute certain steps. This may be achieved in practice by any means, which allow
for configuring or programming the control unit. For instance, in case of a control
unit comprising one or more CPUs, one or more programs are stored in an appropriate
memory. The program or programs contain instructions, which, when executed by the
control unit, cause the control unit to execute the steps described and/or claimed
in connection with the control unit. Alternatively, if the control unit is of an analogical
type, then the circuitry of the control unit is designed to include circuitry configured,
in use, to process electric signals such as to execute the control unit steps herein
disclosed.
[0026] Control unit 50 is connected to a means for evacuating (not shown) and is configured
to send and/or receive control signals to/from the means for evacuating. Control unit
50 can further be configured to control the means for evacuating to provide an internal
vacuum pressure to vacuum chamber 353. To this aim, control unit 50 can be configured
to control a power driving a vacuum pump connected to vacuum chamber 353.
[0027] Control unit 50 can be configured to control the means for moving 30. For example,
control unit 50 can be configured to increase or decrease an operating speed of means
for moving 30. Control unit 50 can further be configured to control the operating
speed of means for moving 30 depending on a position of products 20 with respect different
components of the packaging apparatus 1 (e.g., with respect to sealing station 3 or
gas extraction station 35).
[0028] Control unit 50 can additionally or alternatively be configured for controlling the
sealing and cutting members 31 and 32. The control unit 50 can further be configured
to control the sealing and cutting members 31 and 32 depending on a position of products
20 with respect to the means for evacuating and/or the sealing and cutting members
31 and 32. For example, the control unit 50 can be configured to activate the sealing
and cutting members 31 and 32 depending on a position of products 20 and/or tubular
film 21 with respect to the outlet and/or sealing and cutting members 31 and 32.
[0029] In particular, the control unit 50 can be configured to control one or more components
depending on signals sent to and/or received from other components. For example, the
control unit 50 can be configured to control an activation of one or more components
depending on the position of products 20 and/or tubular film 21 with respect to other
components of packaging apparatus 1. This way, the control unit 50 can activate, for
example, the sealing and cutting members 31 and 32 when two subsequent products 20
are in state 20a, such that between the two products 20 the first seal is created
on the film 21 and the film is cut accordingly.
[0030] After the creation of the first seal and the cutting of film 21, semi-sealed packages
23 are moved along movement direction 30a through the packaging machine, towards and
through gas extraction station 35. In FIG. 1, members 351 and 352 are in their first
configuration in which a semi-sealed package 23 can be moved through the open vacuum
chamber 353. Before the semi-sealed package 23 exits gas extraction station 35, the
semi-sealed package 23 is positioned such that the second open end thereof is at least
partially inside the open vacuum chamber 353. In detail, it is ensured that the respective
product 20 contained in semi-sealed package 23 as well as a non-terminal portion of
film 21 at the second open end of semi-sealed package 23 are outside of open vacuum
chamber 353, while a terminal portion of film 21 at the second open end is still inside
open vacuum chamber 353. Consequently, an intermediate portion of film 21 at the second
open end of the semi-sealed package and extending between the non-terminal and terminal
portions is located between at least a section of members 351 and 352.
[0031] Members 351 and 352 are now brought into their second configuration, in which members
351 and 352 are substantially in sealed contact to one another, thereby defining closed
vacuum chamber 353. The contact between members 351 and 352 is substantially sealed
(e.g. air-tight), except for an elongated opening at which members 351 and 352 engage
the intermediate portion of the second open end of semi-sealed package 23 without
creating an air-tight seal along the opening.
[0032] This configuration facilitates at least the following effects upon extraction of
gas from vacuum chamber 353. On one hand, a gas flow through the opening towards the
inside of vacuum chamber 353 is created between opposing surfaces of members 351 and
352 and corresponding surfaces of the intermediate portion of the second open end
interposed between members 351 and 352. This gas flow causes adjacent layers of film
at the second end of the semi-sealed package 23 to assume and/or maintain a substantially
spaced-apart configuration (i.e. opposite layers of film are pulled apart from one
another). On the other hand, gas is not only aspirated from outside vacuum chamber
353 and semi-sealed package 23, but also from inside semi-sealed package 23, thereby
extracting air from semi-sealed package 23. Typically, the gas aspirated from the
outside is air and the gas aspirated from inside the semi-sealed package is a protective
gas or gas mixture, such as CO
2. This process is described in more detail below.
[0033] When gas has been extracted from semi-sealed package 23, a sealing assembly, typically
integrated into gas extraction station 35, creates a second seal at the second open
end, thereby sealingly closing the package and transforming the semi-sealed package
23 into a sealed package 24, which contains product 20 in state 20d (see far left
of FIG. 2) and from which substantially all inside gas has been extracted . Optionally,
an outer portion of excess film material of the second end (which is now sealed) is
cut from sealed package 24.
[0034] With respect to FIGs. 1 and 2, the means for moving 30 can comprise one or more conveyor
belts 30. The one or more conveyor belts are configured to transport the products
20 in states 20a, 20b, and 20d, for example as packages 22, 23, and 24, along a pre-defined
path through the packaging apparatus 1. For example, the packaging apparatus may comprise
a number of conveyor belts 30 (e.g. three, as shown in FIGs. 1 and 2). A first conveyor
belt 30 is configured to transport the products 20 and/or film 21 upstream of the
sealing and cutting members 31 and 32. A second conveyor belt 30 is configured to
transport the products 20 and/or packages 22 and 23 downstream of the sealing and
cutting members 31 and 32. And a third conveyor belt is configured to transport the
packages 24 downstream of the gas extraction station 35.
[0035] FIG. 3 shows a cross-section view of a portion of the gas extraction station 35 in
accordance with the present invention. Generally, the inside of vacuum chamber 353
and the ambient atmosphere (e.g. around the chamber and/or the semi-sealed package
23) are connected through one or more channels extending along or near and through
opening 354. Here, the different portions of the second open end of the semi-sealed
package 23 are shown as terminal portion 236, intermediate portion 234, and non-terminal
portion 232. It is noted that "terminal" refers to the outermost portion of film 21
at the second open end of semi-sealed package 23, which has been cut from continuous
film 21 and which has not been sealed (see description of FIGs. 1 and 2 above). FIGs.
3, 4, and 5 are not to scale for reasons of clarity. In general, a height of opening
354 is typically 0.3 mm to 1 mm or about 8 to 20 times the thickness of a single layer
of film 21. In some embodiments, the height of opening 354 is 0.8mm, 0.5mm, or 0.4mm.
The film 21 typically has a thickness in the range of 30 µm to 60 µm, preferably in
the range of 40 µm to 55 µm, most preferably in the range of 45 µm to 52 µm.
[0036] As shown in FIG. 3, members 351 and 352 engage intermediate portion 234 of the second
open end without creating an air-tight seal between the inside of vacuum chamber 353
and the ambient atmosphere. The channels between the two volumes (i.e. the volume
inside the vacuum chamber 353 and the volume outside thereof) may be created mechanically
between members 351 and 352 and the non-terminal portion 232, the intermediate portion
234, and/or the terminal portion 236 in order to ensure a possible airflow due to
the pressure differential created by means of the extraction of gas from vacuum chamber
353. In other words, gas or air from outside the semi-sealed package can pass between
members 351 and 352 and the non-terminal portion 232 (channels C1), between members
351 and 352 and the intermediate portion 234 (channels C2), and/or between members
351 and 352 and the terminal portion 236 (channels C3). It is noted that the individual
spacing of channels does not have to be identical on both (e.g. upper and lower) sides
of the film material of the second open end. For example, the size (e.g. height) of
a channel C2 between member 351 and intermediate portion 234 (i.e. the channel C2
on the upper side of intermediate portion 234) does not have to be identical to the
size of a channel C2 between member 352 and intermediate portion 234 (i.e. the channel
C2 on the lower side of intermediate portion 234). Due to several effects (e.g. force
of gravity, turbulences, non-identical pressures and/or pressure variations) acting
upon the flexible film material, the dimensions of the channels may vary before, during,
and after extraction of gas. The same applies to channels C1 and C3. Further, the
spacing between the film material may vary along the length of opening 354, for example
due to an undulating shape of the film material at the second open end of the semi-sealed
package.
[0037] The width of opening 354 may vary according to the application and, preferably is
designed to meet the product size with respect to the width of the product or a multiple
thereof, in addition to a certain margin. This means that vacuum chamber 353 can be
sized to meet the width of the product in the sense that opening 354 largely corresponds
to the width of film 21 at the second open end (when brought into a flattened configuration,
as shown in FIGs. 3 and 4), whereas the width of the opening should be slightly wider
than the film in order to account for positioning or manufacturing tolerances during
packaging. It should further be avoided to have large portions of opening 354 unoccupied
by film material because of the resulting loss of gas flow resistance in areas adjacent
to film material and the subsequent loss in gas flow through the opening in areas
occupied by the film material. That said, it is possible to extract gas from two or
more semi-sealed packages 23 side by side by providing a vacuum chamber 353 (and,
thus, opening 354) having a width that is a multiple of the package width or larger
(e.g. up to 33% wider; in some embodiments 25% wider). In some examples, gas from
three or more semi-sealed packages 23 can be extracted in parallel in a gas extraction
station having an operative width of up to 1000 mm (i.e. having an opening being 1000
mm in width). In some embodiments, the gas extraction station has an operative width
of (i.e. the opening has a width of) 900 mm. In other embodiments it has a width of
450 mm. In reference to a portion of the opening occupied by film material, the second
ends of a number of semi-sealed packages can occupy 70-90% of the opening, preferably
75-80% of the opening.
[0038] The different effects facilitating extraction of gas from the packages are explained
in more detail with respect to FIGs. 4 and 5. FIG. 4 shows a cross-section view of
a portion of gas extraction station 35 in accordance with the present invention, illustrating
a particular profile of terminal portions of members 351 and 352 as well as a schematic
drawing of gas flow. One key issue in extraction of gas from semi-sealed packages
is to ensure that the open end of the package is sufficiently open in order to facilitate
aspiration of gas from inside the package. In some cases, film material tends to adhere
to adjacent film material, thereby temporarily substantially closing the open end
of the semi-sealed package and preventing extraction of gas from the package. In other
cases, film material partially adheres to adjacent film material, thereby reducing
the size of the opening(s) such that aspiration of gas from inside the semi-sealed
package is at least partially impaired.
[0039] One way to separate opposite layers of film or to prevent opposite layers from adhering
to one another is to create a transition from a relatively high pressure, low velocity,
area (shown as HP/LV on the left at the top of FIG. 4) into a relatively low pressure,
high velocity, area (shown as LP/HV) or vice versa, and, optionally, back again (shown
as HP/LV on the right). Here, the transition from high to low pressure (or vice versa)
as well as the transition from low velocity to high velocity (or vice versa) in combination
with excitation of the film material (e.g. due to turbulence and/or gas flow) can
cause layers of contacting film material to cease adhesion and be pulled apart from
one another by the gas flow pressure differential, the velocity differential, and/or
frictional effects. Additionally, the position of the layers of film in the opening
can influence the properties of the gas flow in a self-regulating manner. For example,
if a channel between a layer of film and one of members 351 and 352 becomes smaller
(or larger), the pressure and velocity of gas flowing through the channel changes
correspondingly and, thus, may in turn influence the position of the film, thereby
changing the size of the channel.
[0040] The gradient of pressure/velocity changes in transition between HP/LV and LP/HV areas
can be modified by providing edges D, F, D', and/or F' with corresponding profiles.
Modification of the shape of edges D, D', F, and F' impacts gas flow in the associated
areas and can, for example, facilitate or prevent delamination of gas flow or facilitate
or prevent turbulences. The individual effect can be a result of the effects of corresponding
shapes on the gas flow (e.g. pressure, velocity, direction, etc.). Edges D and D'
denote entry edges in the figures, while edges F and F' denote exit edges, with reference
to gas flow upon extraction of gas from vacuum chamber 353. As shown in FIG. 4, edges
D, F, D', and F' can have a substantially rounded shape, for example defined by a
radius of between 1 and 5 mm, in some embodiments preferably 2 mm or 2.5 mm. It is
noted that edges D, F, D', and F' can have the same or different shapes in that, in
particular, entry edges D and D' can have a different shape than exit edges F and
F', but also in that edges D or F of member 351 can have a different shape than edges
D' or F' of member 352.
[0041] FIG. 5 shows an isometric view of a portion of a gas extraction station 35 in accordance
with the present invention. Here, a particular profile of members 351 and 352 is illustrated.
Parameters which characterize members 351 and 352 as well as opening 354 include:
depth C, height B, width A, angle G, and radii D, E, and F. Opening 354 has a height
of B of 1 mm or less, preferably between 0.4 and 0.8 mm (e.g. 0.4 mm, 0.5 mm, or 0.8
mm). Opening 354 further has a width of 1000 mm or less (e.g. 900 mm), preferably
500 mm or less (e.g. 450 mm). Opening 354 further has a depth of 50 mm or less (e.g.
45 mm), preferably 20 mm or less (e.g. 20 mm), and more preferably 12 mm or less (e.g.
12 mm). The shape of entry edge D is based on a curvature defined by a radius of 5
mm or less, preferably 2.5 mm or less (e.g. 2.5 mm or 2 mm). The shape of inclination
edge E is based on a curvature defined by a radius of 50 mm or less (e.g. 50 mm),
preferably 30 mm or less (e.g. 30 mm). Inclination edge E can be present (i.e. the
corresponding radius being greater than 0) or not present (i.e. the corresponding
radius being equal to 0). The shape of exit edge F is based on a curvature defined
by a radius of 10 mm or less (e.g. 9 mm), preferably 5 mm or less (e.g. 2 mm). Corresponding
edges D', E', and/or F' (not shown) associated with member 352 can have the same properties
as described above with respect to edges D, E, and F, although the individual values
do not have to be identical (e.g. edge D being based on a radius of 2.5 mm and edge
D' being based on a different radius). Thickness H pertains to the thickness of film
material, whereas H denotes the thickness of two layers of film material since an
open end of a semi-sealed package as described comprises at least two layers of film
material. A width of the second open end of semi-sealed package 23 or package 24 can
be defined by a percentage of A with reference to the width A of opening 354. The
second end of package 23/24 can have a width of, for example, 70-90% of A, preferably
75-80% of A.
[0042] Another effect that predominantly occurs with members 351 and 352 having profiles
as described above and with reference to FIG. 5 pertains to characteristics of gas
flow through the opening and along the profiles of members 351 and 352. It is noted
that the cross section of the opening is non-constant along the depth C of the opening
(see "C" in FIG. 5) and, in particular, increases from inclination edges E and E'
towards exit edges F and F'. Gas flow along the surfaces of members 351 and 352 tends
to follow the shape of the surfaces due to viscosity effects between the gas flow
and the adjacent surfaces, as well as the Coand
effect. The same effects occur between the gas flow and the surfaces of the film
material of package 23. Since the gas flow between the film material and, for example,
member 351 tends to follow the surface (i.e. the shape of the surface) of both the
film material and member 351, the gas flow has to expand and slow, thereby exerting
a force upon both surfaces directed towards the gas flow. In other words, the gas
flow will pull both the film and the respective member towards one another. As the
members 351 and 352 are fixedly held in their respective positions, essentially the
layers of film material at the intermediate and terminal portions of the second end
are pulled apart from one another. This pulling action creates and/or maintains a
channel extending from inside the package towards and through the second end through
which gas from inside the package can be evacuated.
[0043] The individual parameters for achieving the above effects vary depending on the individual
application. For example, thicker film material may require a different pressure differential
gradient than thinner film material. Further, the values of the different pressures
and gas flow velocities are also decisive factors. The following table 1 of examples
illustrates different parameter combinations that have proven to be effective with
respect to the first embodiment described above. In these examples, an opening of
the processed semi-sealed packages was ensured and efficient extraction of gas from
the packages was achieved.
Table 1
|
|
Example 1 |
Example 2 |
Example 3 |
Opening |
Width (A) |
900 |
900 |
450 |
Height (B) |
0.5 |
0.8 |
0.4 |
Depth (C) |
20 |
20 |
12 |
Entry (D) |
2.5 |
2.5 |
2 |
Inclination (E) |
30 |
50 |
0 |
Exit (F) |
2 |
9 |
2 |
Angle (G) |
25 |
15 |
0 |
Pumping Capacity m3/h |
500 |
800 |
630 |
Differential Pressure mbar |
350-450 |
350-450 |
280 |
Coverage % (of A) |
75-80 |
75-80 |
75-80 |
Film Thickness (µm) |
40-60 |
40-60 |
40-60 |
Material |
BK, BB, OSB |
BK, BB, OSB |
BK, BB, OSB |
[0044] In general, the described process and apparatus can be used in combination with a
large number of known film materials. In some examples, the film materials used have
the properties listed in the following table 2 (LD denotes longitudinal direction,
TD denotes transversal direction). It is noted that these films are merely examples
showing the applicability of the described process and apparatus.
Table 2
Material |
OSB3050 |
BK3550 |
BB3050 |
Thickness (µm) |
50 |
52 |
50 |
Elastic Modulus LD/TD (kg/cm2) ASTM D882 |
3000/2800 |
3000/2800 |
2000/2000 |
Elongation at Break LD/TD (%) ASTM D882 |
140/170 |
210/220 |
160/230 |
Free Shrink 85°C LD/TD (%) ASTM D2732 |
30/38 |
35/40 |
32/40 |
OTR 0%RH, 23°C (cc/m2*day) ASTM D3985 |
17 |
175 |
17 |
[0045] FIGs. 6 to 8 depict a second embodiment of a packaging apparatus according to the
present invention. In general, components operate in the same manner as described
above with respect to the first embodiment and as shown in FIGs. 1 and 2, unless specifically
described otherwise here below. The same reference numerals in FIGs. 6 and 7 denote
components corresponding to those in FIGs. 1 and 2. Unless stated otherwise, such
components have the same function and properties as described above.
[0046] Sealing and cutting members 31 and 32 are, in the second embodiment, configured to
create not only a first seal on tubular film 21 but also a second seal. In this manner,
products 20 placed within tubular film 21 exit the sealing station 3 in state 20c,
namely in a sealed package 24' (instead of state 20b and in a semi-sealed package
23). A sealed package 24' differs from a sealed package 24 in that gas present in
package 24' has not yet been extracted. As shown, means for moving 30 move packages
24' towards and through gas extraction station 35. Gas extraction station 35 operates
essentially similar as described above, although it is adapted to handle sealed packages
in the manner described below. After extraction of gas from package 24', thereby transforming
package 24' into sealed (and gas-extracted) package 24, movement means 30 move packages
24 away from gas extraction station 35.
[0047] As can be seen in FIG. 7, sealed packages 24 are positioned with respect to vacuum
chamber 353 such that, upon bringing members 351 and 352 into their second configuration,
the second (here sealed) end of package 24' is engaged by members 351 and 352 such
that a non terminal portion of the second is positioned outside vacuum chamber 353,
an intermediate portion of the second end is engaged by members 351 and 352, and a
terminal portion of the second end is positioned inside vacuum chamber 353. The setup
is largely identical to what is described above with respect to the first embodiment
and the semi-sealed package, with the exception that the second embodiment is configured
to process sealed packages. The details of the gas extraction process are described
in more detail with respect to FIGs. 8-10.
[0048] FIG. 8 shows a cross-section view of a portion of a gas extraction station in accordance
with the present invention. Members 351 and 352 engage the sealed end of a sealed
package 24' at an intermediate portion of the second end. It is noted that non-terminal
(232), intermediate (234), and terminal (236) portions of a second end of a sealed
package correspond to what is shown with respect to a semi-sealed package 23 in FIG.
3. For clarity, these portions are not shown in FIG. 8. Upon members 351 and 352 being
brought into their second configuration, the terminal portion of the second end as
well as the remainder of package 24' (outside of vacuum chamber 353) is slightly expanded
due to the gas present in the intermediate portion of the second end being pushed
outwardly both in direction of the terminal portion and the non terminal portion of
the second end. In addition to the components described above, vacuum chamber 353
can further comprise first 355 and second 356 holding elements that engage an outermost
part of the terminal portion of the second end. This can be done in order to fixedly
hold the terminal portion in a particular position within vacuum chamber 353.
[0049] A puncturing means 359 is engaged in order to provide the terminal portion with an
aperture 241, thereby providing a potential passage of gas from inside package 24'
into vacuum chamber 353. In general, any puncturing means suitable for puncturing
the terminal portion of the second end can be employed here, for example, a punch
(e.g. creating a substantially round hole by punching or stamping) or a suitably shaped
heat wire (e.g. a horseshoe-shaped heat wire creating a corresponding substantially
round hole by thermally cutting the film). The puncturing means are preferably configured
to provide the terminal portion of the second end with a hole that prevents (further)
rupture of the film material, which can happen, for example, when creating a simple
(linear) cut or an opening having sharp corners. Upon extraction of gas from vacuum
chamber 353, the terminal portion expands (see outward pointing double arrows in FIG.
8) due to the pressure differential between the inside of package 24' and the inside
of vacuum chamber 353. The expansion of the terminal portion causes film material
of the second end to maintain a spaced apart configuration, thereby ensuring that
gas from inside package 24' can flow towards and through the non-terminal portion,
the intermediate portion, and the terminal portion of the second end, before being
drawn through aperture 241 and into vacuum chamber 353 as indicated by the dashed
arrows. In this manner, gas is extracted from package 24', which is subsequently sealed
with corresponding sealing means (not shown in FIG.8). Sealing means can comprise
sealing bars as known in the art (e.g. similar to sealing and cutting members 31 and
32) and can be, for example, integrated into members 351 and 352 or provided as separate
units outside of vacuum chamber 353, configured to seal package 24' and cut an outer
part of the second end from package 24', thereby providing sealed package 24 from
which gas has been extracted (see FIG. 6). It is noted that the puncturing of the
terminal portion can alternatively be effected after the extraction of gas has begun
and while it is ongoing. In this case, the expansion of the terminal portion - which
is caused due to the pressure differential and irrespective of aperture 241 being
present or not - can serve to counter the action of a punch or other puncturing means,
thereby facilitating precise and reliable placement of the puncturing means and creation
of aperture 241.
[0050] FIGs. 9 and 10 show a cross-section view of a third embodiment of a gas extraction
station in accordance with the present invention. FIGs. 9 and 10 illustrate one of
the advantages of the present invention as well as additional components associated
to vacuum chamber 353. Product 20 as shown in FIGs. 9 and 10 is illustrated as a much
larger object than in the remaining figures. It is noted that the size of the vacuum
chamber and, thus, the opening 354 merely limits one dimension of the potential size
of the products to be processed, namely the width of the package. As shown in FIGs.
9 and 10, the size (e.g. length) of a product 20 does not impact the gas extraction
process because merely a portion of the sealed (or unsealed) end of the package has
to fit into the vacuum chamber 353, instead of the entire product. Also the height
of product 20 has only a negligible impact on the gas extraction process in that the
operative height of members 351 and 352, as well as the clearance between the two
members 351 and 352 when in the first configuration can be adjusted accordingly.
[0051] FIG. 9 shows members 351 and 352 in their first configuration, allowing for a package
24' to be positioned such that the non-terminal, intermediate, and terminal portions
of the sealed end of package 24' can be positioned as described above. Additionally,
members 351 and 352 are respectively associated with cutting means 357 and 357' as
well as sealing means 358 and 358'. Adjacent to cutting means 357 and 357', members
351 and 352 exhibit curved shapes for engaging the intermediate portion of the second
end of package 24'. Sealing means 358 and 358' are arranged adjacent thereto.
[0052] FIGs. 11A to 11I show a cross-section view of the third embodiment of a gas extraction
station and associated means for moving in accordance with the present invention.
The direction of movement of packages through the packaging apparatus is from right
to left, corresponding to FIGs. 1, 2, 6, and 7. In Fig. 11A, members 351 and 352 are
in the first configuration, such that a sealed package 24' can move along members
351 and 352 into a position where a terminal portion of package 24' is positioned
between members 351 and 352 but where the product is positioned outside of the area
interested by members 351 and 352. In FIG. 11B, an optional step of adjusting the
means for moving 30 is illustrated. In some embodiments, the means for moving 30 are
adjustable in order to facilitate efficient movement of packages through the packaging
apparatus, while assisting in the positioning of the packages with respect to members
351 and 352. As illustrated, a section of the means for moving can assume a transport
configuration in which packages can be moved through station 35 and a gas extraction
configuration, in which a package is positioned with respect to members 351 and 352
in order to facilitate extraction of gas from the package. In FIG. 11C, members 351
and 352 are brought into the second configuration and, as shown in FIG. 11D, cutting
means 357 are activated in order to cut excess film material from the terminal portion
of the package, thereby opening the package again. Substantially at the same time
as the package is opened (i.e. shortly before or after), chamber 353 is evacuated
such that a pressure differential is created between the inside of chamber 353 and
the outside atmosphere. In FIG. 11E it can be seen that the excess film material has
dropped into a receptacle (or is otherwise disposed of) and that gas is extracted
from the inside of package 24' (shown in that residual gas between the film and product
20 is reduced). Consequently, the film of package 24' approaches product 20 as gas
is extracted. FIG. 11F shows the final stages of gas extraction, in which the film
lies closely against product 20 and gas has substantially been extracted from the
package 24'. Subsequently, evacuation of chamber 353 is stopped and package 24' is
re-sealed by sealing means 358 and 358'. In FIG. 11G, the sealing means 358 and 358'
disengage and in FIG. 11H, members 351 and 352 assume the first configuration (i.e.
chamber 353 is opened), thereby releasing package 24'. Optionally, a section of means
for moving 30 is adjusted for moving package 24' onwards and/or for receiving a subsequent
package. FIG. 11I shows how the subsequent package is moved between members 351 and
352 in their first configuration and, thus, through open chamber 353 in order to be
positioned as described above. The process then starts over with the subsequent package
24' as described above.
[0053] FIG. 12 shows an isometric view of a third embodiment of a packaging apparatus according
to the present invention employing a gas extraction station 35' having two vacuum
chambers 353' arranged in parallel. The gas extraction station 35' of the packaging
apparatus 1' includes two vacuum chambers 353' arranged on either side of an infeed
belt 30i. As shown in FIG. 12, products 20 can enter the gas extraction station 35'
along movement direction 30a via an infeed belt, for example in form of pillow packs
(i.e. packages 24', preferably flushed with an inert gas and sealed at both ends,
that have not yet undergone gas extraction; see also the description of FIGs. 6 and
7 above). The control unit 50 is configured to control a middle cross conveyor 30m
to receive packages 24' via the infeed belt 30i along movement direction 30a and to
move the packages 24' selectively either to the left along path 30a-l or to the right
along path 30a-r, respectively onto additional cross conveyors 30l or 30r. A respective
vacuum chamber 353' is located to either side of the middle cross conveyor 30m.
[0054] The vacuum chamber 353' structurally and functionally corresponds to vacuum chambers
353 as described above. Thus the vacuum chambers 353' may include members 351' and
352' and may be configured to open and close (not shown in FIG. 12 for clarity) as
described in detail above. Additional components, for example actuators configured
to move members 351' and/or 352', are not shown in FIG. 12 for clarity. The packages
24' being moved along paths 30a-l and 30a-r can be moved to laterally introduce an
upstream end of the package into the open vacuum chambers 353'. Subsequently, the
vacuum chambers can be closed and evacuation can be performed as described above.
In this manner, the two vacuum chambers can be operated in alternating fashion (or
substantially parallel and/or independent from one another) and during each operating
cycle of a respective vacuum chamber 353' (e.g. opening, introducing upstream end
of one or more packages, closing, evacuating, opening again), one or more packages
24' can be evacuated using the respective (e.g. left or right) vacuum chamber 353'.
It is understood that vacuum chambers 353' can be operated substantially independent
from one another, for example in order to account for different evacuation times,
packages 24' of different sizes, etc.
[0055] Substantially upon introduction (e.g. at the same time or shortly before/after) of
the upstream end of the package 24' into the opening (see state 20c in FIG. 12), the
film material at the upstream end can be perforated or pinched in order to facilitate
subsequent gas extraction. The perforation can be performed using perforation rollers
360 (see FIGs. 12A, and 12B). As the upstream ends of the packages is introduced into
the vacuum chamber 353', gas or air from inside the package can be evacuated upon
closing of the vacuum chamber 353' as described above. When gas extraction is completed,
sealing and cutting is performed as described above, in order to release the now evacuated
packages 24' (see state 20d in FIG. 12) from vacuum chamber 353'.
[0056] FIGs. 12A and 12B show detailed views of the gas extraction station of FIG. 12. The
control unit 50 is operably connected to the middle cross conveyor 30m, the left cross
conveyor 30l and the right cross conveyor 30r. The middle cross conveyor is controlled
to receive the packages and to laterally move the packages in either direction towards
and onto the respective cross conveyor (e.g. 30l or 30r). The lateral cross conveyors
are controlled to receive a corresponding package and to move the upstream end thereof
into and through the respective pinch station 360 and further into the respective
open vacuum chamber 353' as described above. The pinch station 360 perforates the
respective package and the package is evacuated while the perforated upstream end
of the package is positioned inside the vacuum chamber 353', the film extending into
the vacuum chamber 353' through the opening. After gas extraction, the respective
vacuum chamber 353' is opened and the packages 24' are moved further along paths 30a-l
and 30a-r, respectively, and back towards the middle cross conveyor 30m and outfeed
belt 30o in order to be placed in an outlet region of the packaging apparatus 1'.
[0057] Pinch station 360 can include pinch rollers having protrusions 360', on a peripheral
surface of a roller, configured to, in combination with recesses 360" present on a
counter surface, perforate a film 21 being supplied to the pinch station 360. As shown,
pinch station 360 can be implemented as a set of oppositely arranged rollers carrying,
for example, protrusions 360' and recesses 360" (alternatively also any combination
of protrusions and/or recesses configured to create one or more apertures; see also
above). It is noted that other means for perforating the film 21 can be employed (e.g.
heat wires as mentioned above or knife rollers configured to cut along an upstream
edge of the package) as long as it is ensured that a seal established by film 21 at
the upstream end of the package 24' has been compromised in order to facilitate gas
extraction as described in detail above.
[0058] In some embodiments, several subsequently processed packages are directed into the
vacuum chambers 353' in an alternating fashion such that each vacuum chamber 353'
receives, for example, every second package in a series of packages (alternatively,
any number of subsequent packages 24' - e.g. 3 - can be directed to one of the vacuum
chambers 353' for evacuation). Each vacuum chamber 353' can be sized and configured
to be able to process several packages simultaneously, for example between 2 and 5
packages, preferably at least 3 packages as shown in FIG. 12. The evacuation station
of packaging apparatus 1' has a modular structure, thereby allowing for two or more
vacuum chambers 353' to be used simultaneously. This modular design can prevent or
alleviate a bottle-neck situation, in which the packaging apparatus 1' can operate
only at the speed of the slowest station thereof.
[0059] The packaging apparatus 1 can comprise an HFFS machine. The HFFS machine may comprise
a conveyor belt 30 for supporting and transporting the packages 22, in a horizontal
direction. The product 20 may be disposed on a surface. The surface may extend substantially
in the horizontal direction. The surface may comprise the upper surface of a conveyor
belt 30. The conveyor belt 30 may be a continuous conveyor belt 30. For example, the
conveyor belt 30 may be suspended between at least two rollers. The conveyor belt
30 may transport the product 20 in a horizontal direction.
[0060] The product 20 can be disposed in a tray. The tray supports the product 20. The tray
can comprise walls that extend substantially vertically from the base of the tray
to a height greater than the vertical dimension of the product 20. Alternatively,
the tray height may be less than or equal to the height of the product 20. The packaging
extends around the tray. The tray can comprise a material selected from a list consisting
of polystyrene, Aluminium, or other thermoplastic material such as PET, or cardboard.
The tray can be rigid, solid or foamed, and have any color and shape.
[0061] The packaging can comprise a multi-layer film 21. The film 21 can comprise a polyolefin.
The film 21 can be a fully coextruded shrinkable film 21. The package provides a barrier
to gas passing between the interior of the package to the exterior of the package.
Accordingly, the environment inside the package is isolated from the environment outside
the package. This helps to preserve food products 20 and avoid contamination. This
can be advantageous with respect to food hygiene. The package can provide a barrier
to aromas or to gasses. This can be particularly useful when the product 20 is a food
product 20. The package can be abuse-resistant.
[0062] The packaging can be transparent or translucent. This allows a customer to see the
product 20 through the packaging. For example, the packaging may comprise a transparent
film 21. The packaging film can have anti-fog properties. This ensures high consumer
appeal. The packaging film can be printable. This allows labels to be printed directly
onto the packaging.
[0063] The packaging may be formed from a roll of film 21. The tubular film 21 can be formed
by forming a tube from the roll of film 21. The packaging apparatus 1 can comprise
a former configured to form the roll of film 21 into a tube. The former can form the
tube by forming a longitudinal seal along the longitudinal edges of the roll of film
21. The tube may be formed from two webs of film 21. In this case, the former forms
two longitudinal seals along the opposing edges of the two rolls of film 21.
[0064] The packaging apparatus 1 can comprise a flusher 34. The flusher 34 is configured
to flush gas through the tube of film 21 that forms the packaging. The gas flush prevents
the tube from collapsing. The gas flush helps to maintain a distance between a product
20 in a tray and the film 21. This helps to improve the hygienic appearance of the
film 21 because the film 21 remains untarnished by the product 20. The flusher 34
flushes gas longitudinally through the tube. The gas used for flushing can comprise
about 70% oxygen and about 30% carbon dioxide or other suitably modified atmosphere.
[0065] Additionally, the flush gas allows the product 20 to be packaged in a modified atmosphere.
The gas may help to preserve the product 20, prolonging its shelf life. The desired
amount of gas inside each sealed package depends on the type of product 20 and the
length of shelf life needed.
[0066] The packaging apparatus 1 can comprise a shrinking machine configured to shrink the
film 21. The shrinking machine may be a water- or air-based shrink tunnel, for example
a hot air tunnel. The sealed package 24 is shrunk in the shrinking machine. The shrinking
process may involve heating the sealed package. The package 24 may be heated to a
temperature within the range of from about 130°C to about 150°C.
[0067] Before the sealed package 24 is shrunk, there may be undesirable gas trapped in the
sealed package along with the product 20. Additionally, the sealed package 24 may
comprise undesirable "dog ears", where a dog ear is a portion of the packaging that
extends away from the product 20 (for example due to the product 20 not being a regular
rectangular prism). After the shrinking process the dog ears and the gas content are
reduced. This gives the sealed package 24 a more aesthetic appearance. In the case
of cheese, the cheese may consume any residual gas that remains in the sealed package
24 following the shrinking step.
[0068] The product 20 can be a food product 20. For example, the product 20 may comprise
meat, cheese, pizza, ready meals, poultry and fish. The product 20 may be substantially
dry, as in the case of cheese. For some products, such as cheese, there is no need
for a tray to support the cheese. Alternatively, the product 20 may be wet. In this
case, it is particularly desirable for the product 20 to be disposed in a tray.
[0069] The packaging process may be employed to package food products 20 that are to have
a shelf life in the region of from about six days to about 14 days, for example.
[0070] Desirably, the packaging apparatus 1 comprises a horizontal form fill and seal machine.
However, the packaging apparatus 1 may comprise other types of form fill and seal
machines, such as a vertical form fill and seal (VFFS) machine. In a vertical form
fill and seal machine, the packages 22 move through the packaging apparatus 1 in a
vertical direction during the packaging process.
[0071] In a VFFS machine, the packaging may be sealed once to form the lower end of a sealed
package. The product 20 is then fed into the open-ended package. The top end of the
package 22 is then sealed to form a sealed package 24'.
1. A device for extracting gas from a semi-sealed package (23) for a packaging apparatus
(1), the semi-sealed package (23) containing a product (20) and having a first sealed
end and a second open end, the second end having a terminal portion (236), a non-terminal
portion (232), and an intermediate portion (234) located between the terminal and
non-terminal portions (236, 232) of the second end, the device comprising:
- a vacuum chamber (353) having a first member (351) and a second member (352) arranged
opposite the first member (351), the first member (351) of the vacuum chamber (353)
and/or the second member (352) of the vacuum chamber (353) being movable relative
to the other between a first configuration, in which the first and second members
(351, 352) are spaced apart from one another, and a second configuration, in which
the first and second members (351, 352) are in contact with one another along a perimeter
thereof except for at least one opening (354) being formed between the first and second
members (351, 352),
- an evacuation means for providing the vacuum chamber (353) with an internal vacuum
pressure that is lower than an ambient pressure present in an ambient atmosphere outside
the vacuum chamber (353),
said device being
characterized by the fact that it further comprises:
- a control unit programmed for:
adjusting a spacing between the first and second members (351, 352) and bringing the
first and second members (351, 352) in the second configuration such that the intermediate
portion (234) of the second end is received in the opening (354) without creating
an air-tight seal between the intermediate portion (234) and the first and second
members (351, 352) along the opening (354), wherein, in the second configuration,
the first and second members (351, 352) are, except for the opening (354), sealingly
in contact with one another,
activating the evacuation means to provide the vacuum chamber (353) with the internal
vacuum pressure, and
controlling the internal vacuum pressure for:
- allowing a gas flow through the opening (354) causing opposing layers of film (21)
at the second end to maintain a substantially spaced-apart configuration, and
- allowing aspiration of both gas from inside the semi-sealed package (23) and gas
from the ambient atmosphere through the opening (354);
wherein members (351 and 352) are configured to engage intermediate portion (234)
of the second open end without creating an air-tight seal between the inside of vacuum
chamber (353) and the ambient atmosphere, such that gas or air from outside the semi-sealed
package can pass between members (351 and 352) and the non-terminal portion (232),
between members (351 and 352) and the intermediate portion (234), and between members
(351 and 352) and the terminal portion (236).
2. A device for extracting gas from a sealed package (24') for a packaging apparatus
(1), the sealed package (24') containing a product (20) and having a first sealed
end and a second sealed end, the second end having a terminal portion (236), a non-terminal
portion (232), and an intermediate portion (234) located between the terminal and
non-terminal portions (236, 232) of the second end, the device comprising:
a vacuum chamber (353) having a first member (351) and a second member (352) arranged
opposite the first member (351), the first member (351) of the vacuum chamber (353)
and/or the second member (352) of the vacuum chamber (353) being movable relative
to the other between a first configuration, in which the first and second members
(351, 352) are spaced apart from one another, and a second configuration, in which
the first and second members (351, 352) are in contact with one another along a perimeter
thereof except for at least one opening (354) being formed between the first and second
members (351, 352),
a puncturing means,
an evacuation means for providing the vacuum chamber (353) with an internal vacuum
pressure that is lower than an ambient pressure present in an ambient atmosphere outside
the vacuum chamber (353),
said device being characterized by the fact that it further comprises:
a control unit (50) programmed for:
adjusting a spacing between the first and second members (351, 352) and bringing the
first and second members (351, 352) in the second configuration such that the intermediate
portion (234) of the second end is received in the opening (354) without creating
an air-tight seal between the intermediate portion (234) and the first and second
members (351, 352) along the opening (354), wherein, in the second configuration,
the first and second members (351, 352) are, except for the opening (354), sealingly
in contact with one another,
controlling the puncturing means to create an aperture in the terminal portion (236)
of the second end, and
activating the evacuation means to provide the vacuum chamber (353) with the internal
vacuum pressure, and
controlling the internal vacuum pressure for:
- allowing an expansion of the terminal portion (236) causing opposing layers of film
(21) at the second end to maintain a substantially spaced-apart configuration, and
- allowing aspiration of gas into the vacuum chamber (353) from the ambient atmosphere
through the opening (354) and from inside the sealed package (24') through the opening
(354) and through the aperture,
wherein members (351 and 352) are configured to engage intermediate portion (234)
of the second end without creating an air-tight seal between the inside of vacuum
chamber (353) and the ambient atmosphere, such that gas or air from outside the semi-sealed
package can pass between members (351 and 352) and the non-terminal portion (232),
between members (351 and 352) and the intermediate portion (234), and between members
(351 and 352) and the terminal portion (236).
3. The device of the preceding claim, further comprising sealing and cutting means (358,
358'; 357, 357'), wherein the control unit (50) is further programmed for controlling
the sealing and cutting means (358, 358'; 357, 357') to provide the package with a
seal at the second end between the first end and the aperture.
4. The device of claim 1, further comprising sealing and cutting means (358, 358'; 357,
357'), wherein the control unit (50) is further programmed for controlling the sealing
and cutting means (358, 358'; 357, 357') to provide the semi-sealed package (23) with
a second seal at the second end.
5. The device according to any one of claims 2 or 3, wherein the puncturing means (359)
comprise one of a punch and a heat wire.
6. The device according to any one of claims 3 or 4 or 5, wherein the control unit (50)
is further programmed for controlling the sealing and cutting means (358, 358'; 357,
357') to cut excess film material outside the seal from the second end.
7. The device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein
the opening (354) has a width of 1000 mm or less, preferably 500 mm or less, and/or
wherein
the control unit (50) is programmed for:
- adjusting the spacing such that the opening (354) has a height of 8 to 20 times
a thickness of the film (21), the control unit optionally being programmed for adjusting
the spacing such that the opening (354) has a height of 10 times a thickness of the
film (21) or less; or for
- adjusting the spacing such that the opening (354) has a height of between 0.3 mm
and 1.0 mm, optionally the opening (354) having a height of 1.0 mm or less, preferably
0.8 mm or less, most preferably 0.5 mm or less.
8. The device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein
the opening (354) has a depth of 50 mm or less, preferably 20 mm or less, and more
preferably 12 mm or less; and/or wherein
the control unit (50) is programmed for controlling the evacuation means to create
an internal vacuum pressure of between 800 mbar and 500 mbar, preferably between 750
mbar and 525 mbar, most preferably between 700 mbar and 550 mbar.
9. The device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, further comprising a second vacuum
chamber (353') having a respective first member and a respective second member arranged
opposite the first member, the first member of the second vacuum chamber and/or the
second member of the second vacuum chamber being movable relative to the other between
a first configuration, in which the first and second members of the second vacuum
chamber are spaced apart from one another, and a second configuration, in which the
first and second members of the second vacuum chamber are substantially in contact
with one another along a perimeter thereof except for at least one opening of the
second vacuum chamber being formed between the first and second members of the second
vacuum chamber.
10. A packaging apparatus (1) comprising:
a gas extraction station (35, 35') coupled to the control unit (50);
an output station;
a means for moving (30) coupled to the control unit (50), the control unit (50) being
configured to control the means for moving (30) to move one or more semi-sealed packages
or packages (23, 24'), each containing a product (20) to be packaged, towards and
through the gas extraction station (35, 35'), and towards the output station; wherein
the gas extraction station (35, 35') comprises a device for extracting gas according
to any one of claims 1 to 9.
11. The packaging apparatus (1) of claim 10 wherein the gas extraction station (35, 35')
comprises a device for extracting gas according to claim 9 and wherein the control
unit is configured to control the means for moving (30) to move one or more semi-sealed
packages or packages (23, 24') to alternately supply the vacuum chamber (353) and
the second vacuum chamber (353').
12. The packaging apparatus (1) of any one of claims 10 or 11, further comprising:
a loading station coupled to the control unit (50), the control unit being configured
to control the loading station to position a tubular film around products (20) to
be packaged; and a sealing station (3) coupled to the control unit, the control unit
being configured to control the sealing station (3) to create one or more seals on
the tubular film, thereby creating the one or more semi-sealed packages or packages
(23, 24'), each containing one of the products (20) to be packaged, wherein
the control unit (50) is configured to control the means for moving to move the one
or more semi-sealed packages or packages (23, 24') from the loading station towards
and through the sealing station (3).
13. The packaging apparatus (1) of any one of claims 10 or 11 or 12, wherein the control
unit is configured to control the sealing station (3) to create one or more seals
on the tubular film, thereby creating one or more semi-sealed packages (23) and to
control the means for moving (30) and the spacing between the first and second members
(351, 352) as follows:
- when first and second members (351, 352) are in their first configuration a semi-sealed
package (23) is moved through the open vacuum chamber (353),
- before the semi-sealed package (23) exits gas extraction station (35), the semi-sealed
package (23) is positioned such that the second open end thereof is at least partially
inside the open vacuum chamber (353), wherein the respective product (20) contained
in semi-sealed package (23) and a non-terminal portion of film (21) at the second
open end of semi-sealed package (23) is outside of open vacuum chamber (353) while
a terminal portion of film (21) at the second open end is still inside open vacuum
chamber (353) and an intermediate portion of film (21) at the second open end of the
semi-sealed package and extending between the non-terminal and terminal portions is
located between at least a section of the first and second members (351, 352),
- when the first and second members (351, 352) are brought into their second configuration,
the first and second members (351, 352) are substantially in sealed contact to one
another, thereby defining closed vacuum chamber (353);
or
wherein the control unit is configured to control the sealing station (3) to create
seals on the tubular film, thereby creating one or more sealed packages (24') and
to control the means for moving (30) and the spacing between the first and second
members (351, 352) as follows:
- when first and second members (351, 352) are in their first configuration, a sealed
package (24') is moved through the open vacuum chamber (353),
- when the first and second members (351, 352) are brought into their second configuration,
the second end of sealed package (24') is engaged by members (351) and (352) such
that a non-terminal portion of the second end is positioned outside vacuum chamber
(353), an intermediate portion of the second end is engaged by members (351) and (352),
and a terminal portion of the second end is positioned inside vacuum chamber (353).
14. The packaging apparatus of claim 13, first alternative, using the device of claim
4 wherein the control unit (50) is programmed for controlling the sealing and cutting
means (358, 358'; 357, 357') to provide the semi-sealed package (23) with a second
seal at the second end when gas has been extracted from the semi-sealed package (23),
thereby sealingly closing the package and transforming the semi-sealed package (23)
into a sealed package (24), which contains product (20).
15. The packaging apparatus of any one of claims 10-14, wherein the control unit (50)
is programmed to control the means for moving (30) to move packages (24) away from
gas extraction station (35) after extraction of gas.
1. Vorrichtung zum Extrahieren von Gas aus einer halb-abgedichteten Verpackung (23) für
eine Verpackungsvorrichtung (1), wobei die halb-abgedichtete Verpackung (23) ein Produkt
(20) enthält und ein erstes abgedichtetes Ende und ein zweites offenes Ende aufweist,
wobei das zweite Ende einen Endabschnitt (236), einen Nicht-Endabschnitt (232) und
einen Zwischenabschnitt (234) aufweist, welcher zwischen dem End- und dem Nicht-Endabschnitt
(236, 232) des zweiten Endes angeordnet ist, wobei die Vorrichtung umfasst:
- eine Vakuumkammer (353), welche ein erstes Element (351) und ein zweites Element
(352) aufweist, welches gegenüberliegend zu dem ersten Element (351) angeordnet ist,
wobei das erste Element (351) der Vakuumkammer (353) und/oder das zweite Element (352)
der Vakuumkammer (353) relativ beweglich zu dem anderen zwischen einer ersten Konfiguration,
in welcher das erste und das zweite Element (351, 352) voneinander beabstandet sind,
und einer zweiten Konfiguration ist, in welcher das erste und das zweite Element (351,
352) entlang eines Umfangs davon mit Ausnahme wenigstens einer Öffnung (354), welche
zwischen dem ersten und dem zweiten Element (351, 352) ausgebildet ist, miteinander
in Berührung stehen,
- ein Evakuierungsmittel zum Versehen der Vakuumkammer (353) mit einem inneren Vakuumdruck,
welcher geringer als ein Umgebungsdruck ist, welcher in einer Umgebungsatmosphäre
außerhalb der Vakuumkammer (353) vorliegt, wobei die Vorrichtung durch die Tatsache
gekennzeichnet ist, dass sie ferner umfasst:
- eine Steuereinheit, welche programmiert ist zum:
Einstellen eines Abstandes zwischen dem ersten und dem zweiten Element (351, 352)
und Bringen des ersten und des zweiten Elements (351, 352) in die zweite Konfiguration
derart, dass der Zwischenabschnitt (234) des zweiten Endes in der Öffnung (354) aufgenommen
ist, ohne eine luftdichte Abdichtung zwischen dem Zwischenabschnitt (234) und dem
ersten und dem zweiten Element (351, 352) entlang der Öffnung (234) zu erzeugen, wobei,
in der zweiten Konfiguration, das erste und das zweite Element (351, 352) mit Ausnahme
der Öffnung (354) abdichtend miteinander in Berührung stehen,
Aktivieren des Evakuierungsmittels, um die Vakuumkammer (353) mit dem inneren Vakuumdruck
zu versehen, und
Steuern des inneren Vakuumdrucks zum:
- Erlauben eines Gasstroms durch die Öffnung (354), welcher verursacht, dass gegenüberliegende
Schichten einer Folie (21) an dem zweiten Ende eine im Wesentlichen voneinander beabstandete
Konfiguration aufrechterhalten, und
- Erlauben eines Ansaugens sowohl von Gas von innerhalb der halb-abgedichteten Verpackung
(23) als auch von Gas von der Umgebungsatmosphäre durch die Öffnung (354);
wobei Elemente (351 und 352) dazu eingerichtet sind, mit dem Zwischenabschnitt (234)
des zweiten offenen Endes einzugreifen, ohne eine luftdichte Abdichtung zwischen dem
Inneren der Vakuumkammer (353) und der Umgebungsatmosphäre zu erzeugen, so dass Gas
oder Luft von außerhalb der halb-abgedichteten Verpackung zwischen Elementen (351
und 352) und dem Nicht-Endabschnitt (232), zwischen Elementen (351 und 352) und dem
Zwischenabschnitt (234) und zwischen Elementen (351 und 352) und dem Endabschnitt
(236) passieren kann.
2. Vorrichtung zum Extrahieren von Gas aus einer abgedichteten Verpackung (24') für eine
Verpackungsvorrichtung (1), wobei die abgedichtete Verpackung (24') ein Produkt (20)
enthält und ein erstes abgedichtetes Ende und ein zweites abgedichtetes Ende aufweist,
wobei das zweite Ende einen Endabschnitt (236), einen Nicht-Endabschnitt (232) und
einen Zwischenabschnitt (234) aufweist, welcher zwischen dem End- und dem Nicht-Endabschnitt
(236, 232) des zweiten Endes angeordnet ist, wobei die Vorrichtung umfasst:
eine Vakuumkammer (353), welche ein erstes Element (351) und ein zweites Element (352)
aufweist, welches gegenüberliegend zu dem ersten Element (351) angeordnet ist, wobei
das erste Element (351) der Vakuumkammer (353) und/oder das zweite Element (352) der
Vakuumkammer (353) relativ beweglich zu dem anderen zwischen einer ersten Konfiguration,
in welcher das erste und das zweite Element (351, 352) voneinander beabstandet sind,
und einer zweiten Konfiguration ist, in welcher das erste und das zweite Element (351,
352) entlang eines Umfangs davon mit Ausnahme wenigstens einer Öffnung (354), welche
zwischen dem ersten und dem zweiten Element (351, 352) ausgebildet ist, miteinander
in Berührung stehen,
ein Perforiermittel,
ein Evakuierungsmittel zum Versehen der Vakuumkammer (353) mit einem inneren Vakuumdruck,
welcher geringer als ein Umgebungsdruck ist, welcher in einer Umgebungsatmosphäre
außerhalb der Vakuumkammer (353) vorliegt, wobei die Vorrichtung durch die Tatsache
gekennzeichnet ist, dass sie ferner umfasst:
eine Steuereinheit (50), welche programmiert ist zum:
Einstellen eines Abstandes zwischen dem ersten und dem zweiten Element (351, 352)
und Bringen des ersten und des zweiten Elements (351, 352) in die zweite Konfiguration
derart, dass der Zwischenabschnitt (234) des zweiten Endes in der Öffnung (354) aufgenommen
ist, ohne eine luftdichte Abdichtung zwischen dem Zwischenabschnitt (234) und dem
ersten und dem zweiten Element (351, 352) entlang der Öffnung (354) zu erzeugen, wobei,
in der zweiten Konfiguration, das erste und das zweite Element (351, 352) mit Ausnahme
der Öffnung (354) abdichtend miteinander in Berührung stehen,
Steuern des Perforiermittels, um eine Apertur in dem Endabschnitt (236) des zweiten
Endes zu erzeugen, und
Aktivieren des Evakuierungsmittels, um die Vakuumkammer (353) mit dem inneren Vakuumdruck
zu versehen, und
Steuern des inneren Vakuumdrucks zum:
- Erlauben einer Expansion des Endabschnitts (236), welche verursacht, dass gegenüberliegende
Schichten einer Folie (21) an dem zweiten Ende eine im Wesentlichen voneinander beabstandete
Konfiguration aufrechterhalten, und
- Erlauben eines Ansaugens von Gas in die Vakuumkammer (353) von der Umgebungsatmosphäre
durch die Öffnung (354) und von innerhalb der halb-abgedichteten Verpackung (24')
durch die Öffnung (354) und durch die Apertur;
wobei Elemente (351 und 352) dazu eingerichtet sind, mit dem Zwischenabschnitt (234)
des zweiten offenen Endes einzugreifen, ohne eine luftdichte Abdichtung zwischen dem
Inneren der Vakuumkammer (353) und der Umgebungsatmosphäre zu erzeugen, so dass Gas
oder Luft von außerhalb der halb-abgedichteten Verpackung zwischen Elementen (351
und 352) und dem Nicht-Endabschnitt (232), zwischen Elementen (351 und 352) und dem
Zwischenabschnitt (234) und zwischen Elementen (351 und 352) und dem Endabschnitt
(236) passieren kann.
3. Vorrichtung nach dem vorhergehenden Anspruch, ferner umfassend Abdicht- und Schneidmittel
(358, 358'; 357, 357'), wobei die Steuereinheit (50) ferner dazu programmiert ist,
die Abdicht-und Schneidmittel (358, 358'; 357, 357') zu steuern, um die Verpackung
an dem zweiten Ende zwischen dem ersten Ende und der Apertur mit einer Abdichtung
zu versehen.
4. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, ferner umfassend Abdicht- und Schneidmittel (358, 358';
357, 357'), wobei die Steuereinheit (50) ferner dazu programmiert ist, die Abdicht-und
Schneidmittel (358, 358'; 357, 357') zu steuern, um die halb-abgedichtete Verpackung
an dem zweiten Ende mit einer zweiten Abdichtung zu versehen.
5. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 2 oder 3, wobei das Perforiermittel (359) eines
aus einem Stempel und einem Heizdraht umfasst.
6. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 3 oder 4 oder 5, wobei die Steuereinheit (50)
ferner dazu programmiert ist, die Abdicht-und Schneidmittel (358, 358'; 357, 357')
zu steuern, um überschüssiges Folienmaterial außerhalb der Abdichtung von dem zweiten
Ende abzuschneiden.
7. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, wobei
die Öffnung (354) eine Breite von 1000 mm oder weniger, vorzugsweise 500 mm oder weniger,
aufweist, und/oder
die Steuereinheit (50) programmiert ist zum:
- Einstellen des Abstandes derart, dass die Öffnung (354) eine Höhe von achtbis zwanzigmal
einer Dicke der Folie (21) aufweist, wobei die Steuereinheit optional dazu programmiert
ist, den Abstand derart einzustellen, dass die Öffnung (354) eine Dicke von zehnmal
einer Dicke der Folie (21) oder weniger aufweist; oder zum
- Einstellen des Abstandes derart, dass die Öffnung (354) eine Höhe von zwischen 0,3
mm und 1,0 mm aufweist, optional die Öffnung (354) eine Höhe von 1,0 mm oder weniger,
vorzugsweise 0,8 mm oder weniger, weiter vorzugsweise 0,5 mm oder weniger, aufweist.
8. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7, wobei
die Öffnung (354) eine Tiefe von 50 mm oder weniger, vorzugsweise 20 mm oder weniger,
und weiter vorzugsweise 12 mm oder weniger, aufweist; und/oder wobei die Steuereinheit
(50) dazu programmiert ist, das Evakuierungsmittel zu steuern, um einen inneren Vakuumdruck
von zwischen 800 mbar und 500 mbar, vorzugsweise zwischen 750 mbar und 525 mbar, weiter
vorzugsweise zwischen 700 mbar und 550 mbar, zu erzeugen.
9. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 8, ferner umfassend eine zweite Vakuumkammer
(353'), welche ein jeweiliges erstes Element und ein jeweiliges zweites Element aufweist,
welches gegenüberliegend zu dem ersten Element angeordnet ist, wobei das erste Element
der zweiten Vakuumkammer und/oder das zweite Element der zweiten Vakuumkammer relativ
beweglich zu dem anderen zwischen einer ersten Konfiguration, in welcher das erste
und das zweite Element der zweiten Vakuumkammer voneinander beabstandet sind, und
einer zweiten Konfiguration ist, in welcher das erste und das zweite Element der zweiten
Vakuumkammer entlang eines Umfangs davon mit Ausnahme wenigstens einer Öffnung der
zweiten Vakuumkammer, welche zwischen dem ersten und dem zweiten Element der zweiten
Vakuumkammer ausgebildet ist, im Wesentlichen miteinander in Berührung stehen.
10. Verpackungsvorrichtung (1), umfassend:
eine Gasextraktionsstation (35, 35'), welche mit der Steuereinheit (50) gekoppelt
ist;
eine Abgabestation;
ein Bewegungsmittel (30), welches mit der Steuereinheit (50) gekoppelt ist, wobei
die Steuereinheit (50) dazu eingerichtet ist, das Bewegungsmittel (30) zu steuern,
um eine oder mehrere halb-abgedichtete Verpackungen oder Verpackungen (23, 24'), welche
jeweils ein zu verpackendes Produkt (20) enthalten, in Richtung und durch die Gasextraktionsstation
(35, 35') und in Richtung der Abgabestation zu bewegen; wobei die Gasextraktionsstation
(35, 35') eine Vorrichtung zum Extrahieren von Gas nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis
9 umfasst.
11. Verpackungsvorrichtung (1) nach Anspruch 10, wobei die Gasextraktionsstation (35,
35') eine Vorrichtung zum Extrahieren von Gas nach Anspruch 9 umfasst und wobei die
Steuereinheit dazu eingerichtet ist, das Bewegungsmittel (30) zu steuern, um eine
oder mehrere halb-abgedichtete Verpackungen oder Verpackungen (23, 24') zu bewegen,
um abwechselnd die Vakuumkammer (353) und die zweite Vakuumkammer (353') zu versorgen.
12. Verpackungsvorrichtung (1) nach einem der Ansprüche 10 oder 11, ferner umfassend:
eine Ladestation, welche mit der Steuereinheit (50) gekoppelt ist, wobei die Steuereinheit
dazu eingerichtet ist, die Ladestation zu steuern, um eine schlauchförmige Folie um
zu verpackende Produkte (20) zu positionieren; und eine Abdichtstation (3), welche
mit der Steuereinheit gekoppelt ist, wobei die Steuereinheit dazu eingerichtet ist,
die Abdichtstation (3) zu steuern, um an der schlauchförmigen Folie eine oder mehrere
Abdichtungen zu erzeugen, wodurch die eine oder die mehreren halb-abgedichteten Verpackungen
oder Verpackungen (23, 24') erzeugt werden, welche jeweils eines der zu verpackenden
Produkte (20) enthalten, wobei
die Steuereinheit (50) dazu eingerichtet ist, das Bewegungsmittel zu steuern, um die
eine oder die mehreren halb-abgedichteten Verpackungen oder Verpackungen (23, 24')
von der Ladestation in Richtung und durch die Abdichtstation (3) zu bewegen.
13. Verpackungsvorrichtung (1) nach einem der Ansprüche 10 oder 11 oder 12, wobei die
Steuereinheit dazu eingerichtet ist, die Abdichtstation (3) zu steuern, um an der
schlauchartigen Folie eine oder mehrere Abdichtungen zu erzeugen, wodurch eine oder
mehrere halbabgedichtete Verpackungen (23) erzeugt werden, und das Bewegungsmittel
(30) und den Abstand zwischen dem ersten und dem zweiten Element (351, 352) wie folgt
zu steuern:
- wenn das erste und das zweite Element (351, 352) in ihrer ersten Konfiguration sind,
wird eine halb-abgedichtete Verpackung (23) durch die offene Vakuumkammer (353) bewegt,
- bevor die halb-abgedichtete Verpackung (23) die Gasextraktionsstation (35) verlässt,
wird die halb-abgedichtete Verpackung (23) derart positioniert, dass sich das zweite
offene Ende davon wenigstens teilweise innerhalb der offenen Vakuumkammer (353) befindet,
wobei sich das jeweilige Produkt (20), welches in der halb-abgedichteten Verpackung
(23) enthalten ist, und ein Nicht-Endabschnitt der Folie (21) an dem zweiten offenen
Ende der halb-abgedichteten Verpackung (23) außerhalb der offenen Vakuumkammer (353)
befinden, während sich ein Endabschnitt der Folie (21) an dem zweiten offenen Ende
der halb-abgedichteten Verpackung noch innerhalb der offenen Vakuumkammer (353) befindet
und ein Zwischenabschnitt der Folie (21) an dem zweiten Ende der halb-abgedichteten
Verpackung, welcher sich zwischen dem Nicht-End- und dem Endabschnitt erstreckt, zwischen
wenigstens einem Abschnitt des ersten und des zweiten Elements (351, 352) angeordnet
ist,
- wenn das erste und das zweite Element (351, 352) in ihre zweite Konfiguration gebracht
sind, stehen das erste und das zweite Element (351, 352) in im Wesentlichen abgedichteter
Berührung miteinander, wodurch eine geschlossene Vakuumkammer (353) definiert ist;
oder
wobei die Steuereinheit dazu eingerichtet ist, die Abdichtstation (3) zu steuern,
um Abdichtungen an der schlauchförmigen Folie zu erzeugen, wodurch eine oder mehrere
abgedichtete Verpackungen (24') erzeugt werden, und das Bewegungsmittel (30) und den
Abstand zwischen dem ersten und dem zweiten Element (351, 352) wie folgt zu steuern:
- wenn das erste und das zweite Element (351, 352) in ihrer ersten Konfiguration sind,
wird eine abgedichtete Verpackung (24') durch die offene Vakuumkammer (353) bewegt,
- wenn das erste und das zweite Element (351, 352) in ihre zweite Konfiguration gebracht
sind, steht das zweite Ende der abgedichteten Verpackung (24') mit Elementen (351)
und (352) derart in Eingriff, dass ein Nicht-Endabschnitt des zweiten Endes außerhalb
der Vakuumkammer (353) positioniert ist, ein Zwischenabschnitt des zweiten Endes mit
Elementen (351) und (352) in Eingriff steht und ein Endabschnitt des zweiten Endes
innerhalb der Vakuumkammer (353) positioniert ist.
14. Verpackungsvorrichtung nach Anspruch 13, erste Alternative, unter Verwendung der Vorrichtung
nach Anspruch 4, wobei die Steuereinheit (50) dazu programmiert ist, die Abdicht-
und Schneidmittel (358, 358'; 357, 357') zu steuern, um die halb-abgedichtete Verpackung
(23) an dem zweiten Ende mit einer zweiten Abdichtung zu versehen, wenn Gas aus der
halb-abgedichteten Verpackung (23) extrahiert worden ist, wodurch die Verpackung abdichtend
verschlossen und die halb-abgedichtete Verpackung (23) in eine abgedichtete Verpackung
(24) umgewandelt wird, welche ein Produkt (20) enthält.
15. Verpackungsvorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 10-14, wobei die Steuereinheit (50)
dazu programmiert ist, die Bewegungsmittel (30) zu steuern, um Verpackungen (24) nach
einer Extraktion von Gas weg von der Gasextraktionsstation (35) zu bewegen.
1. Dispositif d'extraction de gaz d'un emballage semi-scellé (23) pour un appareil d'emballage
(1), l'emballage semi-scellé (23) contenant un produit (20) et ayant une première
extrémité scellée et une seconde extrémité scellée, la seconde extrémité ayant une
partie terminale (236), une partie non terminale (232), et une partie intermédiaire
(234) localisée entre les parties terminale et non terminale (236, 232) de la seconde
extrémité, le dispositif comprenant :
- une chambre à vide (353) ayant un premier élément (351) et un second élément (352)
disposé opposé au premier élément (351), le premier élément (351) de la chambre à
vide (353) et/ou le second élément (352) de la chambre à vide (353) étant mobiles
l'un par rapport à l'autre entre une première configuration, dans laquelle le premier
et le second élément (351, 352) sont espacés l'un de l'autre, et une seconde configuration,
dans laquelle le premier et le second élément (351, 352) se trouvent en contact l'un
avec l'autre le long d'un périmètre de ceux-ci excepté pour au moins une ouverture
(354) qui est formée entre le premier et le second élément (351, 352),
- un moyen d'évacuation pour fournir à la chambre à vide (353) une pression de vide
interne qui est inférieure à une pression ambiante présente dans une atmosphère ambiante
à l'extérieur de la chambre à vide (353),
ledit dispositif étant
caractérisé par le fait qu'il comprend en outre :
- une unité de commande programmée pour :
ajuster un espacement entre le premier et le second élément (351, 352) et porter le
premier et le second élément (351, 352) dans la seconde configuration de sorte que
la partie intermédiaire (234) de la seconde extrémité est reçue dans l'ouverture (354)
sans créer de joints étanches à l'air entre la partie intermédiaire (234) et le premier
et le second élément (351, 352) le long de l'ouverture (354), où, dans la seconde
configuration, le premier et le second élément (351, 352) sont, excepté pour l'ouverture
(354), en contact hermétique l'un avec l'autre,
activer le moyen d'évacuation pour fournir à la chambre à vide (353) la pression de
vide interne, et
commander la pression de vide interne pour :
- permettre un écoulement de gaz à travers l'ouverture (354) amenant les couches opposées
du film (21) à la seconde extrémité pour maintenir une configuration sensiblement
écartée, et
- permettre l'aspiration à la fois du gaz depuis l'intérieur de l'emballage semi-scellé
(23) et du gaz depuis l'atmosphère ambiante à travers l'ouverture (354) ;
où les éléments (351 et 352) sont configurés pour engager la partie intermédiaire
(234) de la seconde extrémité ouverte sans créer de joints étanches à l'air entre
l'intérieur de la chambre à vide (353) et l'atmosphère ambiante, de sorte que le gaz
ou l'air depuis l'extérieur de l'emballage semi-scellé peut passer entre les éléments
(351 et 352) et la partie non terminale (232), entre les éléments (351 et 352) et
la partie intermédiaire (234), et entre les éléments (351 et 352) et la partie terminale
(236).
2. Dispositif d'extraction de gaz depuis un emballage scellé (24') pour un appareil d'emballage
(1), l'emballage scellé (24') contenant un produit (20) et ayant une première extrémité
scellée et une seconde extrémité scellée, la seconde extrémité ayant une partie terminale
(236), une partie non terminale (232), et une partie intermédiaire (234) localisée
entre les parties terminale et non terminale (236, 232) de la seconde extrémité, le
dispositif comprenant :
une chambre à vide (353) ayant un premier élément (351) et un second élément (352)
disposé opposé au premier élément (351), le premier élément (351) de la chambre à
vide (353) et/ou le second élément (352) de la chambre à vide (353) étant mobiles
l'un par rapport à l'autre entre une première configuration, dans laquelle le premier
et le second élément (351, 352) sont espacés l'un de l'autre, et une seconde configuration,
dans laquelle le premier et le second élément (351, 352) se trouvent en contact l'un
avec l'autre le long d'un périmètre de ceux-ci excepté pour au moins une ouverture
(354) qui est formée entre le premier et le second élément (351, 352),
un moyen de perforation,
un moyen d'évacuation pour fournir à la chambre à vide (353) une pression de vide
interne qui est inférieure à une pression ambiante présente dans une atmosphère ambiante
à l'extérieur de la chambre à vide (353),
ledit dispositif étant caractérisé par le fait qu'il comprend en outre :
une unité de commande (50) programmée pour :
ajuster un espacement entre le premier et le second élément (351, 352) et porter le
premier et le second élément (351, 352) dans la seconde configuration de sorte que
la partie intermédiaire (234) de la seconde extrémité est reçue dans l'ouverture (354)
sans créer de joints étanches à l'air entre la partie intermédiaire (234) et le premier
et le second élément (351, 352) le long de l'ouverture (354), où, dans la seconde
configuration, le premier et le second élément (351, 352) sont, excepté pour l'ouverture
(354), en contact étanche l'un avec l'autre,
commander au moyen de perforation de créer une ouverture dans la partie terminale
(236) de la seconde extrémité, et
activer le moyen d'évacuation pour fournir à la chambre à vide (353) la pression de
vide interne, et
commander la pression de vide interne pour :
- permettre une expansion de la partie terminale (236) amenant les couches opposées
du film (21) à la seconde extrémité pour maintenir une configuration sensiblement
écartée, et
- permettre l'aspiration du gaz dans la chambre à vide (353) depuis l'atmosphère ambiante
à travers l'ouverture (354) et depuis l'intérieur de l'emballage scellé (24') à travers
l'ouverture (354) et à travers la trouée,
où les éléments (351 et 352) sont configurés pour engager la partie intermédiaire
(234) de la seconde extrémité sans créer de joint étanche à l'air entre l'intérieur
de la chambre à vide (353) et l'atmosphère ambiante, de sorte que le gaz ou l'air
depuis l'extérieur de l'emballage semi-scellé peut passer entre éléments (351 et 352)
et la partie non terminale (232), entre les éléments (351 et 352) et la partie intermédiaire
(234), et entre les éléments (351 et 352) et la partie terminale (236).
3. Dispositif selon la revendication précédente, comprenant en outre des moyens de scellement
et de coupe (358, 358' ; 357, 357'), où l'unité de commande (50) est en outre programmée
pour commander aux moyens de scellement et de coupe (358, 358' ; 357, 357') de fournir
à l'emballage un joint à la seconde extrémité entre la première extrémité et la trouée.
4. Dispositif selon la revendication 1, comprenant en outre des moyens de scellement
et de coupe (358, 358' ; 357, 357'), où l'unité de commande (50) est en outre programmée
pour commander aux moyens de scellement et de coupe (358, 358' ; 357, 357') de fournir
à l'emballage semi-scellé (23) un second joint à la seconde extrémité.
5. Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications 2 ou 3, dans lequel le moyen
de perforation (359) comprend l'un parmi un poinçon et un fil chauffant.
6. Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications 3 ou 4 ou 5, dans lequel l'unité
de commande (50) est en outre programmée pour commander aux moyens de scellement et
de coupe (358, 358' ; 357, 357') de couper le matériau de film en excès à l'extérieur
du joint depuis la seconde extrémité.
7. Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 6, dans lequel
l'ouverture (354) présente une largeur de 1 000 mm ou moins, préférablement de 500
mm ou moins, et/ou où
l'unité de commande (50) est programmée pour :
- ajuster l'espacement de sorte que l'ouverture (354) présente une hauteur de 8 à
20 fois une épaisseur du film (21), l'unité de commande étant éventuellement programmée
pour ajuster l'espacement de sorte que l'ouverture (354) présente une hauteur de 10
fois une épaisseur du film (21) ou moins ; ou pour
- ajuster l'espacement de sorte que l'ouverture (354) présente une hauteur comprise
entre 0,3 mm et 1,0 mm, éventuellement l'ouverture (354) ayant une hauteur de 1,0
mm ou moins, préférablement de 0,8 mm ou moins, de manière préférée entre toutes de
0,5 mm ou moins.
8. Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 7, dans lequel
l'ouverture (354) présente une profondeur de 50 mm ou moins, préférablement de 20
mm ou moins, et plus préférablement de 12 mm ou moins ; et/ou dans lequel
l'unité de commande (50) est programmée pour commander au moyen d'évacuation de créer
une pression de vide interne comprise entre 800 mbars et 500 mbars, préférablement
entre 750 mbars et 525 mbars, de manière préférée entre toutes entre 700 mbars et
550 mbars.
9. Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 8, comprenant en outre une
seconde chambre à vide (353') ayant un premier élément respectif et un second élément
respectif disposé opposé au premier élément, le premier élément de la seconde chambre
à vide et/ou le second élément de la seconde chambre à vide étant mobiles l'un par
rapport à l'autre entre une première configuration, dans laquelle le premier et le
second élément de la seconde chambre à vide sont espacés l'un de l'autre, et une seconde
configuration, dans laquelle le premier et le second élément de la seconde chambre
à vide se trouvent sensiblement en contact l'un avec l'autre le long de leur périmètre
excepté pour au moins une ouverture de la seconde chambre à vide qui est formée entre
le premier et le second élément de la seconde chambre à vide.
10. Appareil d'emballage (1) comprenant :
un poste d'extraction de gaz (35, 35') accouplé à l'unité de commande (50) ;
un poste de sortie ;
un moyen de déplacement (30) accouplé à l'unité de commande (50), l'unité de commande
(50) étant configurée pour commander au moyen de déplacement (30) de déplacer un ou
plusieurs emballages ou emballages semi-scellés (23, 24'), contenant chacun un produit
(20) à emballer, vers et à travers le poste d'extraction de gaz (35, 35'), et vers
le poste de sortie ; où le poste d'extraction de gaz (35, 35') comprend un dispositif
d'extraction de gaz selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 9.
11. Appareil d'emballage (1) selon la revendication 10 dans lequel le poste d'extraction
de gaz (35, 35') comprend un dispositif d'extraction de gaz selon la revendication
9 et dans lequel l'unité de commande est configurée pour commander au moyen de déplacement
(30) de déplacer un ou plusieurs emballages ou emballages semi-scellés (23, 24') d'alimenter
alternativement la chambre à vide (353) et la seconde chambre à vide (353').
12. Appareil d'emballage (1) selon l'une quelconque des revendications 10 ou 11, comprenant
en outre :
un poste de chargement accouplé à l'unité de commande (50), l'unité de commande étant
configurée pour commander au poste de chargement de positionner un film tubulaire
autour des produits (20) à emballer ;
et un poste de scellement (3) accouplé à l'unité de commande, l'unité de commande
étant configurée pour commander au poste de scellement (3) de créer un ou plusieurs
joints sur le film tubulaire, créant ainsi le un ou plusieurs emballages ou emballages
semi-scellés (23, 24'), chacun contenant l'un des produits (20) à emballer, où
l'unité de commande (50) est configurée pour commander au moyen de déplacement de
déplacer le un ou plusieurs emballages ou emballages semi-scellés (23, 24') depuis
le poste de chargement vers et à travers le poste de scellement (3).
13. Appareil d'emballage (1) selon l'une quelconque des revendications 10 ou 11 ou 12,
où l'unité de commande est configurée pour commander au poste de scellement (3) de
créer un ou plusieurs joints sur le film tubulaire, créant ainsi un ou plusieurs emballages
semi-scellés (23) et pour commander le moyen de déplacement (30) et l'espacement entre
le premier et le second élément (351, 352) comme suit :
- lorsque le premier et le second élément (351, 352) se trouvent dans leur première
configuration un emballage semi-scellé (23) est déplacé à travers la chambre à vide
(353) ouverte,
- avant que l'emballage semi-scellé (23) sorte du poste d'extraction de gaz (35),
l'emballage semi-scellé (23) est positionné de sorte que sa seconde extrémité ouverte
se trouve au moins partiellement à l'intérieur de la chambre à vide (353) ouverte,
où le produit (20) respectif contenu dans l'emballage semi-scellé (23) et une partie
non terminale du film (21) au niveau de la seconde extrémité ouverte de l'emballage
semi-scellé (23) se trouve à l'extérieur de la chambre à vide (353) ouverte tandis
qu'une partie terminale du film (21) à la seconde extrémité ouverte se trouve encore
à l'intérieur de la chambre à vide (353) ouverte et une partie intermédiaire du film
(21) à la seconde extrémité ouverte de l'emballage semi-scellé et s'étendant entre
les parties non terminale et terminale est localisée entre au moins une section du
premier et du second élément (351, 352),
- lorsque le premier et le second élément (351, 352) sont portés dans leur seconde
configuration, le premier et le second élément (351, 352) se trouvent sensiblement
en contact scellés l'un par rapport à l'autre, définissant ainsi la chambre à vide
(353) fermée ;
ou
dans lequel l'unité de commande est configurée pour commander au poste de scellement
(3) de créer des joints sur le film tubulaire, créant ainsi un ou plusieurs emballages
scellés (24') et pour commander le moyen de déplacement (30) et l'espacement entre
le premier et le second élément (351, 352) comme suit :
- lorsque le premier et le second élément (351, 352) se trouvent dans leur première
configuration, un emballage scellé (24') est déplacé à travers la chambre à vide (353)
ouverte,
- lorsque le premier et le second élément (351, 352) sont portés dans leur seconde
configuration, la seconde extrémité de l'emballage scellé (24') est engagée par les
éléments (351) et (352) de sorte qu'une partie non terminale de la seconde extrémité
est positionnée à l'extérieur de la chambre à vide (353), une partie intermédiaire
de la seconde extrémité est engagée par les éléments (351) et (352), et une partie
terminale de la seconde extrémité est positionnée à l'intérieur de la chambre à vide
(353).
14. Appareil d'emballage selon la revendication 13, première alternative, utilisant le
dispositif selon la revendication 4 où l'unité de commande (50) est programmée pour
commander aux moyens de scellement et de coupe (358, 358' ; 357, 357') de fournir
à l'emballage semi-scellé (23) un second joint à la seconde extrémité lorsque le gaz
a été extrait de l'emballage semi-scellé (23), fermant ainsi de manière étanche l'emballage
et transformant l'emballage semi-scellé (23) en un emballage scellé (24), qui contient
le produit (20).
15. Appareil d'emballage selon l'une quelconque des revendications 10 à 14, dans lequel
l'unité de commande (50) est programmée pour commander au moyen de déplacement (30)
de déplacer les emballages (24) loin du poste d'extraction de gaz (35) après l'extraction
de gaz.