Field of the invention
[0001] The invention relates to a mounting rail for providing cladding to a building surface
where the mounting rail comprises a fixation arm for fixating the mounting rail to
the building surface and a supporting arm arranged for supporting the cladding when
in use and wherein the supporting arm further comprises suspension means for suspending
the cladding on the mounting rail. The invention also relates to a cladding mounting
system method for providing cladding to a building surface and use of a mounting rail.
Background of the invention
[0002] Facade cladding may be applied on newly erected buildings or in connection with renovation
of existing buildings e.g. if an existing building is post-insulated by providing
it with a thermal envelope. Different methods exist for attaching the cladding to
a building facade or roof, such as fixating the cladding directly to the building
surface. However, attaching the cladding directly against the building surface can
result in moisture build-up between the cladding and the building surface.
[0003] From the European patent application
EP 3 020 883 A1 it is therefore known to attach the cladding by means of horizontal mounting rails
connected to the building surface by means of vertical rails. However, this system
is complicated and expensive.
[0004] It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide for an advantageous
technique for providing cladding to a building surface.
The invention
[0005] The invention provides for a mounting rail for providing cladding to a building surface,
the mounting rail comprising a fixation arm for fixating the mounting rail to the
building surface and a supporting arm arranged for supporting the cladding when in
use, wherein the supporting arm further comprises suspension means for suspending
the cladding on the mounting rail. The mounting rail further comprises a traverse
arm arranged to connect the fixation arm and the supporting arm, wherein the traverse
arm is angled in relation to the fixation arm, so that when the fixation arm is fixated
to a vertical building surface such that the mounting rail is substantially horizontal,
the mounting rail can be mounted with the traverse arm slanting downwards from the
fixation arm and out. The supporting arm is angled in relation to the traverse arm,
so that when the fixation arm is fixated to a vertical building surface such that
the mounting rail is substantially horizontal, the mounting rail can be mounted with
the supporting arm extending upwards from the intersection between the traverse arm
and the supporting arm, and wherein the mounting rail is provided with venting holes
at the intersection.
[0006] In
EP 3 020 883 A1 the vertical rails are provided to enable easy mounting of the horizontal rails and
to ensure vertical air passage between the areas between the horizontal rails, to
ensure sufficient venting. Thus, when mounting the horizontal mounting rail directly
on the building surface as according to the present invention it is advantageous to
provide the mounting rail with venting holes at the intersection between the traverse
arm and the supporting arm to enable air circulation and thereby prevent moisture
build-up and it is advantageous to arrange the venting holes at the end of the downward
sloping traverse arm in that the venting holes hereby also can be used to guide any
condensed water or other liquid downwards and away from the building surface, hereby
further preventing moisture/liquid build-up in the construction and thereby preventing
damage to the building and the cladding system.
[0007] It should be emphasized that the term "cladding" in this context should be understood
as material applied over another to provide a skin or layer on a building outer surface
and used to provide a degree of thermal insulation, weather resistance, and/or to
improve the appearance of the building.
[0008] In this context the term "building surface" may be understood as the outer/inner
wall of a house, a factory, office complex, outer/inner side of a roof, a free-standing
wall, fence, barrier or any surface of a construction which enables mounting of the
mounting rail and subsequently providing the cladding.
[0009] In this context, the term "suspension means" should be understood as a suspender
in the form of any kind of hole, indentation, hook, pin or any other means suitable
for suspending another object.
[0010] It should be emphasized that the term "venting holes" may be understood as an opening,
an orifice , a passage or other allowing air passage through the mounting rail.
[0011] In an aspect of the invention, the fixation arm, the supporting arm and the traverse
arm are formed from a single plate.
[0012] This is advantageous in that the mounting rail can be formed through e.g. bending
which enables an easy and simple manufacturing process.
[0013] In an aspect of the suspension means and/or the venting holes are formed as punchings
in the plate.
[0014] This is advantageous in that the manufacturing process is simplified in that the
same punching form may be used to form the venting holes as well as the suspension
means. The suspension means and venting holes may also be formed from individually
shaped punching forms which are customized for the venting holes or the suspension
means.
[0015] In an aspect of the invention the venting holes cover between 1 and 95%, preferably
between 3 and 80% and most preferred between 5 and 60% of the total surface area of
the traverse arm.
[0016] If the venting holes cover too much of the total surface area of the traverse arm,
the risk of the structural integrity of the arm being reduced to an unwanted level
is increased. However, if the venting holes cover too little of the total surface
area of the traverse arm, the risk of insufficient venting and/or draining is increased.
Thus, the present area ranges present an advantageous relationship between structural
integrity and function.
[0017] In an aspect of the invention the perpendicular distance from the fixation arm to
the intersection is between 5 and 300mm, preferably between 8 and 150mm and most preferred
between 12 and 60mm.
[0018] If the perpendicular distance from the fixation arm to the intersection is too big,
it becomes too difficult and expensive to form the arm sufficiently rigid and strong.
However, if the perpendicular distance is too little, the cladding will be too close
to the building surface and it will become difficult to ensure sufficient ventilation
and drainage between the building surface and the cladding. Thus, the present distance
ranges present an advantageous relationship between structural integrity and function.
[0019] In an aspect of the invention the fixation arm and the supporting arm are substantially
parallel.
[0020] Forming the fixation arm and the supporting arm substantially parallel is advantageous
in that the supporting arm hereby can support the cladding over a larger area - making
the final structure more Stabil - and in that the process of placing the cladding
on the mounting rail is eased when the fixation arm and the supporting arm substantially
parallel and in turn substantially parallel with the cladding layer.
[0021] In an aspect of the invention the suspension means are arranged as one or more indentations
in an upper edge of the supporting arm, wherein the upper edge is the edge opposite
of the intersection.
[0022] Forming the suspension means as one or more notches in the upper free edge of the
supporting arm is advantageous in that it simplifies the mounting process if the cladding
is to be suspended on the supporting arms and the indentations prevents mutual displacement
between the cladding and the suspension arm.
[0023] Any orientation reference like up, down, upper, upwards, side etc. should throughout
this application be seen in relation to a mounting rail being fixated to a vertical
building surface with the longitudinal direction of the rail arranged substantially
horizontal.
[0024] In an aspect of the invention the mounting rail is made from bended sheet metal.
[0025] This is advantageous in that the mounting rail may be formed from a simple bending
process such that the manufacturing costs are minimized. And by forming the rail from
sheet metal is advantageous in that this enables that a strong rail can be manufactures
fast and inexpensively.
[0026] In an aspect of the invention the supporting arm is arranged in a supporting arm
angle of between 1 and 89 degrees, preferably between 10 and 80 degrees and most preferred
between 20 and 70 degrees in relation to the traverse arm.
[0027] If the inside angle between the supporting arm and the traverse arm is too big, the
inclination of the traverse arm becomes too little and the risk of moisture build-up
on the rail is increased. However, if the inside angle between the supporting arm
and the traverse arm is too little, the traverse arm will have to be very long to
ensure that the distance between the fixation arm and supporting arm is sufficiently
big, which will either make the rail less rigid or more expensive. Thus, the present
angle ranges present an advantageous relationship between structural integrity and
function.
[0028] In an aspect of the invention the traverse arm is arranged in a traverse arm angle
of between 91 and 179 degrees, preferably between 100 and 170 degrees and most preferred
between 110 and 160 degrees in relation to the fixation arm.
[0029] If the angle between the fixation arm and the traverse arm is too little, the inclination
of the traverse arm becomes too little and the risk of moisture build-up on the rail
is increased. However, if the inside angle between the fixation arm and the traverse
arm is too big, the traverse arm will have to be very long to ensure that the distance
between the fixation arm and supporting arm is sufficiently big, which will either
make the rail less rigid or more expensive. Thus, the present angle ranges present
an advantageous relationship between structural integrity and function.
[0030] In this context the angle between the fixation arm and the traverse arm is the upper
angle between the fixation face - i.e. the surface abutting the building surface when
the rail is mounted and in use - and the upper surface of the traverse arm.
[0031] The invention further relates to a cladding mounting system comprising mounting rails
according to any of the previously discussed mounting rails arranged to be connected
to a building surface by fixating the fixation arm to the building surface by means
of connection means extending through the fixation arm and into the building surface.
The system also comprises double hooks connected to the supporting arm, wherein each
of the double hooks comprise a first hook arranged to engage the suspension means,
and cladding placed with an edge in a second hook of the double hooks so that the
cladding is carried by the double hooks.
[0032] Using double hooks for carrying the cladding is advantageous in that the cladding
is not fixated directly to the building surface which may damage the building surface
and/or the cladding. Furthermore, this provides for easy replacement of a cladding,
whereby maintenance is eased.
[0033] In this context, the term "connection means" may be understood as a screw, nail,
rivet, staple, bolt, pin or any other connecting means for connecting the fixation
arm to the building surface.
[0034] In this context, the term "double hook" may be understood as an object which comprises
at least two curves or bents for holding, carrying, catching or pulling another object.
Hence, the term "first hook" applies to one of the curves or bents and the term "second
hook" applies to another curve or bent of the device.
[0035] The invention also relates to a method for providing cladding to a building surface,
wherein the method comprises the steps of:
- fixating mounting rails according to any of the previously discussed mounting rails
substantially horizontally to the building surface so that the supporting arm is extending
upwards,
- connecting a double hook to the supporting arm by placing a first hook of the double
hook in the suspension means, and
- fastening the cladding to the building surface by placing the cladding in a second
hook of the double hook.
[0036] This is advantageous in that the process of providing cladding to a building surface
is eased by first mounting the mounting rails on the building surface in a sufficient
number of rows with adequate distance between them and where after the cladding is
placed on the double hooks on the mounting rails. This is further advantageous in
that the cladding is provided to the building surface with a sufficient distance to
the building surface whereby buildup of moisture and thereby damage to the building
surface is avoided.
[0037] In an aspect of the invention, the mounting rails are mounted in parallel rows with
a mutual distance of less than the height of the cladding as measured perpendicular
to the mounting rails.
Forming the mutual distance between the cladding rows less than the height of the
cladding is advantageous in that the cladding hereby overlaps which can be used for
preventing ingress of water and to ensure a better fixated cladding.
[0038] In an aspect of the invention, an upper part of the cladding is placed behind a bottom
part of cladding suspended in a row above before the cladding is placed in a second
hook of the double hook.
[0039] Placing the cladding under the cladding suspended in an upper row is advantageous
in that both the upper edge and the bottom edge of the cladding is then fixated.
[0040] In an aspect of the invention, the fixation arm is fixated to the building surface
by means of connection means extending through the fixation arm and into the building
surface.
[0041] This is advantageous in that a strong connection between the fixation arm and the
building surface is achieved.
[0042] In an aspect of the invention, use of a mounting rail according to the above-mentioned
mounting rails is provided for providing cladding to an outside building surface by
means of the above-described method.
[0043] Using mounting rails according to the present invention for providing cladding to
an outside building surface is advantageous in that the present invention is particularly
suited for use outside in that it can be mounted fast and in that it will efficiently
protect against harmful moisture build-up.
Figures
[0044] The invention will be described in the following with reference to the figures in
which
- fig. 1
- illustrates a mounting rail, as seen in perspective,
- fig. 2
- illustrates a mounting rail as seen from the side,
- fig. 3
- illustrates a mounting rail as seen from the front,
- fig. 4
- illustrates a cladding mounting system as seen in perspective, and
- fig. 5
- illustrates a cladding mounting system as seen from the side.
Detailed description
[0045] Figures 1-3 illustrates a mounting rail 1, as seen in perspective, from the side
and from the front, respectively.
[0046] In this embodiment, the mounting rail 1 is formed from a single piece of sheet metal
which is bent to form the mounting rail 1. However, in another embodiment the fixation
arm 4, the traverse arm 7 and the supporting arm 5 could be welded, soldered, bolted,
screwed together or other processes for assembling the fixation arm 4, the traverse
arm 7 and the supporting arm 5 to form the mounting rail 1.
[0047] In this embodiment, the venting holes 8 are provided at the intersection between
the traverse arm 7 and the supporting arm 5. However, in another embodiment, the venting
holes 8 could instead be provided only on the traverse arm 7 or only on the supporting
arm 5 or entirely on both.
[0048] In this embodiment, the mounting rail 1 is made of aluminum, but in another embodiment,
the mounting rail 1 could be made of steel, stainless steel, polymer, wood, composite
material or other material which provides for necessary strength and material properties
in relation to the specific requirements. The mounting rail 1 may be manufactured
in different ways, including kind of molding process, milling, casting or other manufacturing
processes.
[0049] In this embodiment, the supporting arm angle α and the traverse arm angle β are selected
such that the supporting arm 5, the fixation arm 4 and/or the building surface 3 are
substantially parallel, but in another embodiment the supporting arm angle α and the
traverse arm angle β may be selected such that the supporting arm 5 is not parallel
with the fixation arm 4 and/or the building surface 3.
[0050] In this embodiment the suspension means 6 is formed as a rectangular notch including
a circular portion as illustrated in e.g. figure 3 such that a double hook may be
placed in the circular part of the suspension means 6 whereby movement of the double
hook 11 in the longitudinal direction of the mounting rail 1 is prevented. However,
in another embodiment, a wide clip could be placed in the suspension means 6 which
fits in the rectangular portion of the suspension means 6. The suspension means 6
could also be formed by a punching of rectangular, circular or triangular shape or
any other shape suitable for supporting e.g. a double hook or a wide clip.
[0051] In an embodiment where slender double hooks 11 are used for supporting the claddings
2 one would find, depending on the width of the cladding 2, that it may be necessary
to support the lower edge of the cladding 2 on two or more double hooks 11 on the
mounting rail such that the cladding is sufficiently stable and does not tilt. However,
in an embodiment, where wide clips may be used, and depending on the width of the
cladding 2, the lower edge of the cladding 2 may be supported on just one clip.
[0052] In yet another embodiment, the suspension means 6 could be formed as a small stud
or pin which is slightly pivoted outwards from the supporting arm 5 such that claddings
2 provided with holes may be attached to the mounting rail 1 by hanging the cladding
2 provided with a hole directly on the stud or pin.
[0053] Figures 4-6 illustrate a cladding mounting system 10 as seen in perspective, from
the side and from the front, respectively.
[0054] When a building surface 3 is to be provided with claddings 2, the mounting rail 1
is at first fixed to the vertical building surface 3 via the fixation arm 4 such that
the mounting rail 1 is substantially horizontal.
[0055] It should be emphasized that in addition to vertical building surfaces the mounting
rail may also be mounted on tilted surfaces such as the tilted roof of a building
or a tilted wall. This is advantageous in that the same mounting rail can be used
on surfaces with varying tilting angle whereby the user does not need to carry different
types of mounting rails for different building surfaces. This is further advantageous
in that the use of a wrong mounting rail is avoided.
[0056] In this embodiment, the fixation arm 4 of the mounting rail 1 is fixated to the building
surface 3 by means of screws drilled directly through the fixation arm 4, but in another
embodiment, the connection means 9 could be a nail, rivet, staple, bolt, pin or any
other means for connecting the fixation arm 4 to the building surface 3 and/or the
fixation arm 7 could be provided with through holes (through which the connection
means may extend), hooks or holes designed to engage matching hooks or holes on the
building surface or other mechanical means or the fixation arm could be connected
to the building surface by means of adhesive, welding or the like.
[0057] In this embodiment, the mounting rail 1 is fixated to a vertical building surface
3. However, in another embodiment, the mounting rail 1 may be fixed to a tilted surface.
[0058] Depending on the surface area of the building surface 3, several rows of mounting
rails 1 may be mounted on the building surface 3 such that the subsequent claddings
2 cover the building surface 3 as necessary. The distance between the rows of mounting
rails 1 should not be larger than the height of the cladding 2 such that the upper
edge of the cladding 2 is supported by the first hook 12 of the double hook 11 provided
on a row of mounting rails 1 and the lower edge of the cladding 2 is supported by
the second hook 13 on the double hook 11 provided on the below row of mounting rails
1.
[0059] With reference to figure 4, the cladding 2 is provided to the building surface by
pushing the upper edge of the cladding 2 in the first hook 12 of the double hook 11
and positioning the lower edge of the cladding 2 on the second hook 13 of the double
hook 11 on the row of mounting rails 1 one row below.
[0060] This may be repeated along the mounting rail 1 and for each row of mounting rails
1 until the building surface 3 is covered as required.
[0061] In this embodiment, the air ventilation between the cladding 2 and the building surface
3 is driven by natural forces (e.g. winds or thermal buoyancy) but in another embodiment,
the air ventilation may be mechanically driven by e.g. a fan, compressor, a blower
or other. In yet another embodiment, the air ventilation may be driven by mixed-mode
ventilation.
[0062] It should be emphasized, that the cladding could be of rectangular shape, triangular
shape, quadratic shape or any other suitable shape depending on the specific application.
[0063] Furthermore, the cladding may be made from a thermally insulating material, waterproof
material, fire-proof material, wood, metal, brick, fibers, composite material or any
material suitable in relation to the visual and/or functional modification of the
building surface such as providing a rainscreen, fire-impeding layer, light-improvement,
noise control or other modifications. The cladding could also be used for decorating
the building surface by e.g. attaching cladding of different colors, sizes or shapes
to form a symbol, pattern or letters or the cladding could be solar cells.
[0064] When the mounting rail is mounted to the building surface and the cladding is placed
on the mounting rail, the cladding may either serve as the final layer of the building
surface or a subsequent plastering may be performed depending on the cladding used
and which type of building surface is provided with the cladding.
[0065] Although the mounting rail and cladding do not necessarily increase the structural
strength of the building surface itself, i.e. it do not contribute to its stability
in relation to its load bearing capabilities, it is nevertheless important that the
mounting rail has sufficient strength and stiffness for transferring wind loads, impact
loads, snow loads and its weight to the main structure of the building on which it
is mounted.
[0066] The invention has been exemplified above with reference to specific examples of mounting
rail 1, cladding 2, connection means 9 and other. However, it should be understood
that the invention is not limited to the particular examples described above but may
be designed and altered in a multitude of varieties within the scope of the invention
as specified in the claims.
List of reference signs:
[0067]
1. Mounting rail
2. Cladding
3. Building surface
4. Fixation arm
5. Supporting arm
6. Suspension means
7. Traverse arm
8. Venting hole
9. Connection means
10. Cladding mounting system
11. Double hook
12. First hook
13. Second hook
α. Supporting arm angle
β. Traverse arm angle
1. A mounting rail (1) for providing cladding (2) to a building surface (3), said mounting
rail (1) comprising
a fixation arm (4) for fixating said mounting rail (1) to said building surface (3),
a supporting arm (4) arranged for supporting said cladding (2) when in use, wherein
said supporting arm (5) further comprises suspension means (6) for suspending said
cladding (2) on said mounting rail (1),
a traverse arm (7) arranged to connect said fixation arm (4) and said supporting arm
(5), wherein said traverse arm (7) is angled in relation to said fixation arm (4),
so that when said fixation arm (4) is fixated to a vertical building surface (3) such
that said mounting rail (1) is substantially horizontal, said mounting rail (1) can
be mounted with said traverse arm (7) slanting downwards from said fixation arm (4)
and out,
wherein said supporting arm (5) is angled in relation to said traverse arm (7), so
that when said fixation arm (4) is fixated to a vertical building surface (3) such
that said mounting rail (1) is substantially horizontal, said mounting rail (1) can
be mounted with said supporting arm (5) extending upwards from the intersection between
said traverse arm (7) and said supporting arm (5), and
wherein said mounting rail (1) is provided with venting holes (8) at said intersection.
2. A mounting rail (1) according to claim 1, wherein said fixation arm (4), said supporting
arm (5) and said traverse arm (7) are formed from a single plate.
3. A mounting rail (1) according to claim 2, wherein said suspension means (6) and/or
said venting holes (8) are formed as punchings in said plate.
4. A mounting rail (1) according to any of the preceding claims, wherein said venting
holes (8) covers between 1 and 95%, preferably between 3 and 80% and most preferred
between 5 and 60% of the total surface area of said traverse arm (7).
5. A mounting rail (1) according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the perpendicular
distance from said fixation arm (4) to said intersection is between 5 and 300mm, preferably
between 8 and 150mm and most preferred between 12 and 60mm.
6. A mounting rail (1) according to any of the preceding claims, wherein said fixation
arm (4) and said supporting arm (5) are substantially parallel.
7. A mounting rail (1) according to any of the preceding claims, wherein said suspension
means (6) are arranged as indentation in an upper edge of said supporting arm (5),
wherein said upper edge is the edge opposite of said intersection.
8. A mounting rail (1) according to any of the preceding claims, wherein said mounting
rail (1) is made from bended sheet metal.
9. A mounting rail (1) according to any of the preceding claims, wherein said supporting
arm (5) is arranged in a supporting arm angle (α) of between 1 and 89 degrees, preferably
between 10 and 80 degrees and most preferred between 20 and 70 degrees in relation
to said traverse arm (7).
10. A mounting rail (1) according to any of the preceding claims, wherein said traverse
arm (7) is arranged in a traverse arm angle (β) of between 91 and 179 degrees, preferably
between 100 and 170 degrees and most preferred between 110 and 160 degrees in relation
to said fixation arm (4).
11. A cladding mounting system (10) comprising:
mounting rails (1) according to any of claims 1-10 arranged to be connected to a building
surface (3) by fixating said fixation arm (4) to said building surface (3) by means
of connection means (9) extending through said fixation arm (4) and into said building
surface (3),
double hooks (11) connected to said supporting arm (5), wherein each of said double
hooks (11) comprise a first hook (12) arranged to engage said suspension means (6),
and
cladding (2) placed with an edge in a second hook (13) of said double hooks (11) so
that said cladding (2) is carried by said double hooks (11).
12. A method for providing cladding (2) to a building surface (3), said method comprising
the steps of:
• fixating mounting rails (1) according to any of claims 1-10 substantially horizontally
to said building surface (3) so that said supporting arm (5) is extending upwards,
• connecting a double hook (11) to said supporting arm (5) by placing a first hook
(12) of said double hook (11) in said suspension means (6), and
• fastening said cladding (2) to said building surface (3) by placing said cladding
(2) in a second hook (13) of said double hook (11).
13. A method according to claim 12, wherein said mounting rails (1) are mounted in parallel
rows with a mutual distance of less than the height of said cladding (2) as measured
perpendicular to said mounting rails (1).
14. A method according to claim 12 or 13, wherein said fixation arm (4) is fixated to
said building surface (3) by means of connection means (9) extending through said
fixation arm (4) and into said building surface (3).
15. Use of a mounting rail (1) according to any of claims 1-10 for providing cladding
(2) to an outside building surface (3) by means of a method according to any of claims
12-14.