[0001] The present invention relates to an engine and a method for supplying lubricating
oil to a cylinder head of an engine.
[0002] Prior art document
JP S57 191812 U discloses an engine with lubricating means having an oil tank that is split into
a recovery tank and a residence tank. At low temperature conditions, only the lubrication
oil in the recovery tank is circulated to promote the warm-up of the oil temperature,
and, at high temperature conditions, the lubrication oil overflowed the recovery tank
through the gap between said tanks is supplied from the residence tank.
[0003] It is preferred to warm lubricating oil quickly when the lubricating oil has a low
temperature in such a condition as engine starting. Friction loss due to the lubricating
oil is quickly reduced by quickly warming the lubricating oil, whereby enhancement
in fuel consumption or reduction in exhaust gas can be achieved.
[0004] Because of the above, it has been proposed to use a double sump oil pan in the field
of automobiles. For example, an engine described in
JP 2006-77697 A includes an oil pan divided into a main compartment located on a lower side and a
sub compartment located on an upper side. A thermostat valve is provided between the
main compartment and the sub compartment.
[0005] When the lubricating oil has a temperature of less than or equal to a predetermined
value, the thermostat valve is closed. With this configuration, the lubricating oil
flows only from the sub compartment and circulates through the interior of the engine.
Accordingly, the lubricating oil can be warmed quickly. On the other hand, when the
lubricating oil has a temperature of greater than the predetermined value, the thermostat
valve is opened. With this configuration, the lubricating oil flows from the main
compartment as well as the sub compartment and circulates through the interior of
the engine. Accordingly, excessive increase in temperature of the lubricating oil
can be inhibited.
[0006] However, when the oil pan has a structure divided up and down as described above,
increase in up-and-down directional dimension of the engine is inevitable. It is true
of straddled vehicles, but is not the case for automobiles, that the up-and-down directional
dimension of the engine affects the vehicle lowest height from the ground. Therefore,
increase in up-and-down directional dimension of the engine is not preferred.
[0007] It is an object of the present invention to provide engine and a method for supplying
lubricating oil to a cylinder head of an engine which can achieve quick warming of
lubricating oil and inhibition of excessive increase in temperature of the lubricating
oil with a compact structure. According to the present invention said object is solved
by engine having the features of independent claim 1. Moreover, said object is also
solved by method for supplying lubricating oil to a cylinder head of an engine having
the features of claim 14. Preferred embodiments are laid down in the dependent claims.
With said teaching applied to an engine in a straddled vehicle, inhibition of increase
in up-and-down directional dimension of the engine, and besides, quick warming of
lubricating oil and inhibition of excessive increase in temperature of the lubricating
oil can be achieved.
[0008] An engine according to an aspect includes a cylinder head, a cylinder, a crankcase
and an oil tank. The cylinder is connected to the cylinder head. The crankcase is
connected to the cylinder. The oil tank includes a first oil compartment and a second
oil compartment, and is disposed below the crankcase.
[0009] The cylinder head is supplied with a lubricating oil from the first oil compartment
when the lubricating oil has a temperature of less than a predetermined value. The
cylinder head is supplied with the lubricating oil at least from the second oil compartment
when the lubricating oil has a temperature of greater than or equal to the predetermined
value.
[0010] An outer surface of the first oil compartment is exposed outside the engine. An outer
surface of the second oil compartment is exposed outside the engine. A sum of a surface
area of an inner surface and a surface area of the outer surface of the first oil
compartment is less than a sum of a surface area of an inner surface and a surface
area of the outer surface of the second oil compartment.
[0011] In the engine according to the present aspect, the first oil compartment and the
second oil compartment are disposed such that the outer surface of the first oil compartment
and that of the second oil compartment are exposed outside the engine. Therefore,
increase in up-and-down directional dimension of the engine can be inhibited compared
to a configuration that the first and second compartments are disposed up and down
to overlap one another.
[0012] Additionally, the sum of the surface areas of the inner and outer surfaces of the
first oil compartment is smaller than that of the second oil compartment. Therefore,
when the lubricating oil has a low temperature, the lubricating oil is circulated
from the first oil compartment, whereby the amount of heat released from the outer
surface of the first oil compartment can be reduced low. Accordingly, the lubricating
oil can be warmed quickly. On the other hand, when the lubricating oil has a high
temperature, the lubricating oil is circulated from the second oil compartment, whereby
the heat release amount can be increased. Accordingly, excessive increase in temperature
of the lubricating oil can be inhibited.
[0013] The lubricating oil from the cylinder head may return to the first oil compartment.
[0014] The cylinder head, the cylinder and the crankcase may be provided with a cam chain
compartment inside thereof. The first oil compartment may be disposed adjacently to
the cam chain compartment. The lubricating oil from the cylinder head may return to
the first oil compartment through the cam chain compartment.
[0015] The lubricating oil from the cylinder and/or the crankcase may return to the first
oil compartment.
[0016] It should be noted that in returning to the first oil compartment, the lubricating
oil may return to the first oil compartment via the second oil compartment. Alternatively,
the lubricating oil may return to the first oil compartment without via the second
oil compartment.
[0017] The engine may further include an oil guide pathway. The oil guide pathway may lead
the lubricating oil from the cylinder and/or the crankcase to flow to the first oil
compartment.
[0018] The first oil compartment may have a smaller capacity than the second oil compartment.
[0019] The outer surface of the first oil compartment may have a smaller area than the outer
surface of the second oil compartment.
[0020] The inner surface of the first oil compartment may have a smaller area than the inner
surface of the second oil compartment.
[0021] The second oil compartment may include a fin protruding from the inner surface or
the outer surface of the second oil compartment.
[0022] The first oil compartment and the second oil compartment may be provided adjacently
to each other. The engine may further include a partition and a switch valve. The
partition may be disposed between the first oil compartment and the second oil compartment,
and may divide the first oil compartment and the second oil compartment. The switch
valve may be provided in the partition, and may allow or block communication between
the first oil compartment and the second oil compartment. The switch valve may block
the communication between the first oil compartment and the second oil compartment
when the lubricating oil supplied to the cylinder head has the temperature of less
than the predetermined value. The switch valve may allow the communication between
the first oil compartment and the second oil compartment when the lubricating oil
supplied to the cylinder head has the temperature of greater than or equal to the
predetermined value. A suction port of a supply pathway for supplying the lubricating
oil to the cylinder head from the oil tank may be opened inside the first oil compartment.
[0023] The switch may be a thermostat that is closed when the lubricating oil has the temperature
of less than the predetermined value and is opened when the lubricating oil has the
temperature of greater than or equal to the predetermined value.
[0024] The engine may further include a cover attached to the crankcase. The partition may
be integrated with the crankcase or the cover.
[0025] At least portion of the oil tank may be integrated with the crankcase.
[0026] The cylinder may be disposed in front of the crankcase. The cylinder head may be
disposed in front of the cylinder. The cylinder may have a cylinder axis extending
forward and obliquely upward. The first oil compartment may be disposed in front of
the second oil compartment.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0027]
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a configuration of an engine according to an embodiment
to explain the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a structure of a switch valve.
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing a top view layout of a first oil compartment
and a second oil compartment.
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing another exemplary top view layout of the first
oil compartment and the second oil compartment.
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of an engine according to a first practical example.
FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of the engine according to the first practical example.
FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of an engine according to a second practical example
and an embodiment according to the independent claim.
FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view of an engine according to a third practical example.
FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view of the engine according to the third practical example.
FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view of an engine according to a fourth practical example.
FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view of the engine according to the fourth practical
example.
FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional view of an engine according to a fifth practical example.
FIG. 13 is a side view of an exemplary straddled vehicle in which the engine according
to the preferred embodiment is installed.
FIG. 14 is a side view of another exemplary straddled vehicle in which the engine
according to the preferred embodiment is installed.
FIG. 15 is a schematic diagram of an engine according to a first modification.
FIG. 16 is a schematic diagram of an engine according to a second modification.
FIG. 17 is a schematic diagram of an engine according to a third modification.
FIG. 18 is a schematic diagram of an engine according to a fourth modification.
FIG. 19 is a cross-sectional view of a switch valve according to a modification.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
[0028] A preferred embodiment will be hereinafter explained with reference to drawings.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a configuration of an engine 1 according to the preferred
embodiment. It should be noted that in the following explanation, front, rear, left,
right, up and down directions are defined as meaning the front, rear, left, right,
up and down directions, respectively, based on a condition that the engine 1 is installed
in a straddled vehicle to be described.
[0029] As shown in FIG. 1, the engine 1 includes a cylinder head 2, a cylinder 3, a crankcase
4 and an oil tank 5. The cylinder head 2 is disposed in front of the cylinder 3. A
cylinder axis Ax1 of the cylinder 3 extends forward and obliquely upward. The cylinder
3 is connected to the cylinder head 2. The cylinder 3 is disposed in front of the
crankcase 4. The crankcase 4 is connected to the cylinder 3.
[0030] The oil tank 5 is disposed below the crankcase 4. The oil tank 5 stores lubricating
oil. The oil tank 5 includes a first oil compartment 5a and a second oil compartment
5b. The outer surface of the first oil compartment 5a and that of the second oil compartment
5b are exposed outside the engine 1. Each of the first and second oil compartments
5a and 5b is opened upward.
[0031] The first and second oil compartments 5a and 5b are provided adjacently to each other.
A partition 6 is disposed between the first oil compartment 5a and the second oil
compartment 5b, whereby the first and second oil compartment 5a and 5b are divided
through the partition 6. The partition 6 includes a communication hole 7. The first
and second oil compartments 5a and 5b are communicated through the communication hole
7.
[0032] The engine 1 includes a supply pathway 8 for the lubricating oil, and is switchable
between a first state and a second state. In the first state of the engine 1, the
cylinder head 2 is supplied with the lubricating oil from the first oil compartment
5a through the supply pathway 8. In the second state of the engine 1, the cylinder
head 2 is supplied with the lubricating oil from the second oil compartment 5b through
the supply pathway 8. The lubricating oil supplied to the cylinder head 2 returns
therefrom to the first oil compartment 5a through, for instance, a cam chain compartment
to be described. Additionally, the lubricating oil supplied to the cylinder 3 and
the crankcase 4 also returns therefrom to the first oil compartment 5a.
[0033] The supply pathway 8 includes a first suction port 11 and a second suction port 12.
The first suction port 11 is opened in the first oil compartment 5a. The second suction
port 12 is opened in the second oil compartment 5b. The engine 1 includes an oil pump
13 and a switch valve 14. FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a structure of the switch
valve 14.
[0034] The switch valve 14 is a thermostat that is switched in accordance with the temperature
of the lubricating oil to be supplied to the cylinder head 2, and includes a thermo-element
15 and an urging member 16. When the lubricating oil to be supplied to the cylinder
head 2 has a temperature of less than the predetermined value, the thermo-element
15 is held in a position shown in diagram (A) of FIG. 2 by the urging force of the
urging member 16. In this state, the switch valve 14 connects the first suction port
11 and a connecting port 17 leading to the oil pump 13. Accordingly, the lubricating
oil is sucked from the first oil compartment 5a through the first suction port 11
by the oil pump 13, and is supplied to the cylinder head 2 through the supply pathway
8.
[0035] When the lubricating oil has a temperature of greater than or equal to the predetermined
value, the thermo-element 15 displaces against the urging force of the urging member
16 and moves to a position shown in diagram (B) of FIG. 2. In this state, the switch
valve 14 connects the second suction port 12 and the connecting port 17 leading to
the oil pump 13. Accordingly, the lubricating oil is sucked from the second oil compartment
5b through the second suction port 12 by the oil pump 13, and is supplied to the cylinder
head 2 through the supply pathway 8.
[0036] FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing a top view layout of the first and second oil
compartments 5a and 5b. As shown in FIG. 3, the first and second oil compartments
5a and 5b are disposed back and forth (this layout will be hereinafter referred to
as "a first exemplary layout"). The capacity of the first oil compartment 5a is smaller
than that of the second oil compartment 5b. It should be noted that the capacity of
each oil compartment is defined as meaning the volume of the lubricating oil stored
in each oil compartment when the engine 1 in an idling state.
[0037] The surface area of the outer surface of the first oil compartment 5a is smaller
than that of the second oil compartment 5b. The surface area of the inner surface
of the first oil compartment 5a is smaller than that of the second oil compartment
5b. Therefore, the sum of the surface areas of the inner and outer surfaces of the
first oil compartment 5a is smaller than that of the second oil compartment 5b. It
should be noted that the surface area of each oil compartment is defined as meaning
the surface area of a spatial region in which the lubricating oil is stored when the
engine 1 is in the idling state.
[0038] In the engine 1 according to the present preferred embodiment, the first and second
oil compartments 5a and 5b are disposed such that the outer surface of the first oil
compartment 5a and that of the second oil compartment 5b are exposed outside the engine
1. Therefore, increase in up-and-down directional dimension of the engine 1 can be
herein inhibited compared to a configuration that the first and second oil compartments
5a and 5b are disposed up and down to overlap one another.
[0039] Additionally, the sum of the surface areas of the inner and outer surfaces of the
first oil compartment 5a is smaller than that of the second oil compartment 5b. Therefore,
when the lubricating oil to be supplied to the cylinder head 2 has a temperature of
less than the predetermined value, the lubricating oil is circulated from the first
oil compartment 5a, whereby the amount of heat released from the outer wall surface
of the first oil compartment 5a can be reduced low. Accordingly, the lubricating oil
can be warmed quickly.
[0040] Especially in traveling of the vehicle, the amount of discharge from the oil pump
13 is increased when engine rotational velocity becomes greater than or equal to idling
rotational velocity. Because of this, the volume of the lubricating oil is reduced
more in the first oil compartment 5a. Hence, the lubricating oil is unlikely to be
cooled by the outside air. As a result, the lubricating oil can be warmed quickly.
[0041] On the other hand, when the lubricating oil has a temperature of greater than or
equal to the predetermined value, the lubricating oil is circulated from the second
oil compartment 5b, whereby the heat release amount can be increased. Accordingly,
excessive increase in temperature of the lubricating oil can be inhibited.
[0042] In the aforementioned preferred embodiment, the first and second oil compartments
5a and 5b are disposed back and forth as shown in the first exemplary layout of FIG.
3. However, the layout of the first and second oil compartments 5a and 5b is not limited
to the first exemplary layout and may be changed.
[0043] Diagram (A) of FIG. 4 shows a second exemplary layout and an embodiment according
to the independent claim. Diagram (B) of FIG. 4 shows a third exemplary layout and
an embodiment according to the independent claim. As shown in diagrams (A) and (B)
of FIG. 4, the first and second oil compartments 5a and 5b may be disposed right and
left. As shown in diagram (A) of FIG. 4, the first oil compartment 5a may be disposed
on the left side, whereas the second oil compartment 5b may be disposed on the right
side. Alternatively, as shown in diagram (B) of FIG. 4, the first oil compartment
5a may be disposed on the right side, whereas the second oil compartment 5b may be
disposed on the left side.
[0044] Diagram (C) of FIG. 4 show a fourth exemplary layout. Diagram (D) of FIG. 4 shows
a fifth exemplary layout. As shown in diagrams (C) and (D) of FIG. 4, the second oil
compartment 5b may be continuously provided to be disposed behind and lateral to the
first oil compartment 5a. As shown in diagram (C) of FIG. 4, the second oil compartment
5b may be continuously provided to be disposed behind and on the right of the first
oil compartment 5a. Alternatively, as shown in diagram (D) of FIG. 4, the second oil
compartment 5b may be continuously provided to be disposed behind and on the left
of the first oil compartment 5a.
[0045] FIGS. 5 and 6 are cross-sectional views of an engine 1a according to a first practical
example. In the engine 1a according to the first practical example, similarly to the
first exemplary layout described above, the first oil compartment 5a is disposed in
front of the second oil compartment 5b. The partition 6 extends in the right-and-left
direction on the bottom portion of the crankcase 4, and divides the first and second
oil compartments 5a and 5b back and forth. The first and second oil compartments 5a
and 5b are integrated with the crankcase 4.
[0046] As shown in FIG. 6, the engine 1a according to the first practical example includes
a cam chain compartment 22 in which a cam chain 21 is disposed. The cam chain compartment
22 is provided inside the cylinder head 2, the cylinder 3 and the crankcase 4. The
lubricating oil supplied to the cylinder head 2 flows therefrom through the cam chain
compartment 22 and then returns to the first oil compartment 5a.
[0047] As shown in FIG. 5, the engine 1a according to the first practical example includes
an oil guide pathway 23. The oil guide pathway 23 leads the lubricating oil from the
cylinder 3 and the crankcase 4 to the first oil compartment 5a. Part of the partition
6 composes the oil guide pathway 23. The partition 6 divides the first and second
oil compartments 5a and 5b, and extends to a position between the second oil compartment
5b and a crankshaft 18 disposed inside the crankcase 4. Accordingly, the lubricating
oil dripping from the crankshaft 18 flows along the partition 6 and is lead to the
first oil compartment 5a. The partition 6 is integrated with the crankcase 4. It should
be noted that the partition 6 may be provided separately from the crankcase 4.
[0048] FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of an engine 1b according to a second practical
example and an embodiment according to the independent claim. In the engine 1b according
to the second practical example, similarly to the second exemplary layout described
above, the first and second oil compartments 5a and 5b are disposed right and left.
The partition 6 extends in the back-and-forth direction on the bottom portion of the
crankcase 4, and divides the first and second oil compartments 5a and 5b right and
left.
[0049] Similarly to the engine 1a according to the first practical example, the engine 1b
according to the second practical example includes the cam chain compartment 22. The
first oil compartment 5a is disposed adjacently to the cam chain compartment 22, and
the lubricating oil supplied to the cylinder head 2 flows through the cam chain compartment
22 and then returns to the first oil compartment 5a.
[0050] In the engine 1b according to the second practical example, the crankcase 4 has a
structure divided right and left. In this case, it is difficult to integrally form
the partition 6 and the crankcase 4 by casting. Therefore, it is preferred that the
partition 6 is provided separately from the crankcase 4 as a member made of sheet
metal or so forth. In this case, it is preferred that the partition 6 is fixed to
the crankcase 4 by fastening means such as bolts.
[0051] It should be noted that in the engine 1b according to the second practical example,
the first and second oil compartments 5a and 5b may be disposed in the fourth exemplary
layout described above.
[0052] FIGS. 8 and 9 are cross-sectional views of an engine 1c according to a third practical
example. In the engine 1c according to the third practical example, similarly to the
third exemplary layout described above, the first and second oil compartments 5a and
5b are disposed right and left. In the engine 1c according to the third practical
example, a cover 24, provided separately from the crankcase 4, is attached to the
crankcase 4. The engine 1c according to the third practical example includes an electric
power generator 25, and the electric power generator 25 is covered with the cover
24. The first oil compartment 5a is disposed adjacently to a space in which the electric
power generator 25 is disposed.
[0053] portion of the first oil compartment 5a is integrated with the cover 24. The first
oil compartment 5a is provided in the crankcase 4 as well as in the cover 24. It should
be noted that portion of the second oil compartment 5b may be integrated with the
cover 24.
[0054] It should be noted that in the engine 1c according to the third practical example,
the first and second oil compartments 5a and 5b may be disposed in the fifth exemplary
layout described above.
[0055] FIGS. 10 and 11 are cross-sectional views of an engine 1d according to a fourth practical
example. In the engine 1d according to the fourth practical example, similarly to
the third exemplary layout described above, the first and second oil compartments
5a and 5b are disposed right and left. The engine 1d according to the fourth practical
example is a single-cylinder engine including a manual transmission 26. As shown in
FIG. 10, the manual transmission 26 includes a plurality of shift gears 27 and a clutch
28. The clutch 28 is covered with the cover 24. It should be noted that in the drawings,
reference sign 27 is assigned to only part of the plural shift gears 27.
[0056] In the engine 1d according to the fourth practical example, the first oil compartment
5a is disposed adjacently to a space in which the clutch 28 is disposed. The second
oil compartment 5b is disposed adjacently to a space in which the shift gears 27 are
disposed. The first oil compartment 5a is provided in the cover 24 as well as in the
crankcase 4. The second oil compartment 5b is integrated with the crankcase 4.
[0057] The oil guide pathway 23 is disposed between the second oil compartment 5b and the
space in which the shift gears 27 are disposed. The lubricating oil dripping from
the shift gears 27 flows along the oil guide pathway 23, and is thus led to the first
oil compartment 5a.
[0058] It should be noted that in the engine 1d according to the fourth practical example,
the first and second oil compartments 5a and 5b may be disposed in the fifth exemplary
layout described above.
[0059] FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional view of an engine 1e according to a fifth practical
example. In the engine 1e according to the fifth practical example, similarly to the
third exemplary layout described above, the first and second oil compartments 5a and
5b are disposed right and left. The engine 1e according to the fifth practical example
is a multicylinder engine including the manual transmission 26.
[0060] In the engine 1e according to the fifth practical example, an oil pan 29, provided
separately from the crankcase 4, is attached to the crankcase 4. The first and second
oil compartments 5a and 5b are integrated with the oil pan 29. The partition 6 is
integrated with the oil pan 29. Alternatively, the partition 6 may be provided separately
from the oil pan 29.
[0061] In the engine 1e according to the fifth practical example, similarly to the engine
1d according to the fourth practical example, the first oil compartment 5a is disposed
adjacently to a space in which the clutch 28 is disposed. The second oil compartment
5b is disposed adjacently to a space in which the plural shift gears 27 of the manual
transmission 26 are disposed. Additionally, the oil guide pathway 23 is disposed between
the second oil compartment 5b and the space in which the plural shift gears 27 are
disposed, and leads the lubricating oil dripping from the plural shift gears 27 to
the first oil compartment 5a.
[0062] It should be noted that in the engine 1e according to the fifth practical example,
the first and second oil compartments 5a and 5b may be disposed in the fifth exemplary
layout described above. Alternatively, in the engine 1e according to the fifth practical
example, the first and second oil compartments 5a and 5b may be disposed in the first
exemplary layout described above.
[0063] Next, a straddled vehicle, in which the engine 1 according to the aforementioned
preferred embodiment is installed, will be explained. FIG. 13 is a side view of a
straddled vehicle 100 that is an exemplary straddled vehicle in which the engine 1
is installed. The straddled vehicle 100 is a motorcycle of a scooter type. The straddled
vehicle 100 includes a steering device 101, a vehicle body 102, a power unit 103,
a front wheel 104, a rear wheel 105 and a seat 106.
[0064] The steering device 101 includes a front fork 107. The front fork 107 supports the
front wheel 104 such that the front wheel 104 is rotatable. A handle 108 is provided
on the upper portion of the steering device 101.
[0065] The vehicle body 102 includes a front cover 131, a rear cover 133 and a lower cover
134. The front cover 131 covers the steering device 101 from the front and the back.
The rear cover 133 is disposed below the seat 106. The lower cover 134 is disposed
between the front cover 131 and the rear cover 133. The upper surface of the lower
cover 134 includes a footboard 135. The footboard 135 is disposed such that the legs
of a rider are put thereon. The footboard 135 has a flat shape. The footboard 135
may be entirely flat in a vehicle width direction. Alternatively, the footboard 135
may have an upwardly protruding shape in the vehicle width directional middle portion
thereof.
[0066] The power unit 103 is disposed below the seat 106. The power unit 103 is pivotably
supported by the vehicle body 102. The power unit 103 supports the rear wheel 105
such that the rear wheel 105 is rotatable. The power unit 103 includes the engine
1. The engine 1 is disposed below the seat 106. The cylinder axis Ax1 of the engine
1 tilts forward and upward.
[0067] FIG. 14 is a side view of a straddled vehicle 200 that is another exemplary straddled
vehicle in which the engine 1 according to the aforementioned preferred embodiment
is installed. The straddled vehicle 200 is a motorcycle of a so-called sport type.
The straddled vehicle 200 includes a fuel tank 201, a seat 202 and a vehicle body
frame 203.
[0068] The fuel tank 201, the seat 202 and the engine 1 are supported by the vehicle body
frame 203. The fuel tank 201 is disposed in front of the seat 202. The engine 1 is
disposed below the fuel tank 2.
[0069] The straddled vehicle 200 includes a steering device 204, a front wheel 205, a handle
206 and a headlight unit 207. The steering device 204 includes a front fork 209. The
front fork 209 supports the front wheel 205 such that the front wheel 205 is rotatable.
The handle 206 is provided on the upper portion of the steering device 204. The headlight
unit 207 is disposed in front of the fuel tank 201.
[0070] The straddled vehicle 200 includes a swing arm 211 and a rear wheel 212. The swing
arm 211 backwardly extends from the vehicle body frame 203. The swing arm 211 is connected
to the vehicle body frame 203 while being pivotable up and down. The rear wheel 212
is rotatably supported by the rear portion of the swing arm 211.
[0071] One preferred embodiment has been explained above. However, the present teaching
is not limited to the aforementioned preferred embodiment, and a variety of changes
can be made without departing from the gist of the present teaching.
[0072] The switch valve 14 is not limited to the thermostat, and alternatively, may be an
electrically actuated valve or a hydraulically actuated valve. The oil guide pathway
23 may lead the lubricating oil to the first oil compartment 5a only when the lubricating
oil flows thereto from the cylinder 3. Alternatively, the oil guide pathway 23 may
lead the lubricating oil to the first oil compartment 5a only when the lubricating
oil flows thereto from the crankcase 4.
[0073] In the aforementioned preferred embodiment, when the lubricating oil to be supplied
to the cylinder head 2 has a temperature of greater than or equal to the predetermined
value, the lubricating oil is supplied from the second oil compartment 5b. However,
when the lubricating oil to be supplied to the cylinder head 2 has a temperature of
greater than or equal to the predetermined value, the lubricating oil may be supplied
from both the first oil compartment 5a and the second oil compartment 5b. FIG. 15
is a schematic diagram of the engine 1 according to a first modification.
[0074] As shown in FIG. 15, the engine 1 according to the first modification includes the
switch valve 14 provided in the partition 6. The switch valve 14 allows or blocks
communication between the first oil compartment 5a and the second oil compartment
5b. The switch valve 14 is a thermostat that is closed when the lubricating oil has
a temperature of less than a predetermined value and is opened when the lubricating
oil has a temperature of greater than or equal to the predetermined value.
[0075] A suction port 31 of the supply pathway 8 for supplying the lubricating oil from
the oil tank 5 to the cylinder head 2 is opened inside the first oil compartment 5a,
When the lubricating oil to be supplied to the cylinder head 2 has a temperature of
less than the predetermined value, the switch valve 14 blocks communication between
the first oil compartment 5a and the second oil compartment 5b. Accordingly, the oil
pump 13 supplies the lubricating oil to the cylinder head 2 from the first oil compartment
5a. The lubricating oil is thus circulated from the first oil compartment 5a, whereby
the lubricating oil can be warmed quickly.
[0076] When the lubricating oil to be supplied to the cylinder head 2 has a temperature
of greater than or equal to the predetermined value, the switch valve 14 allows communication
between the first oil compartment 5a and the second oil compartment 5b. Accordingly,
the oil pump 13 supplies the lubricating oil to the cylinder head 2 from both the
first oil compartment 5a and the second oil compartment 5b. The lubricating oil is
thus circulated from both the first oil compartment 5a and the second oil compartment
5b, whereby excessive increase in temperature of the lubricating oil can be inhibited.
[0077] In the aforementioned preferred embodiment, supplying the lubricating oil in the
engine 1 is switched by the switch valve 14, but may be switched by means other than
the switch valve 14. For example, FIG. 16 is a schematic diagram of the engine 1 according
to a second modification.
[0078] In the engine 1 according to the second modification, oil pumps 13a and 13b, which
are independent from each other, are provided in the first and second oil compartments
5a and 5b, respectively. In other words, the engine 1 according to the second modification
includes a first oil pump 13a and a second oil pump 13b. The first oil pump 13a sucks
the lubricating oil from the first oil compartment 5a through the first suction port
11. The second oil pump 13b sucks the lubricating oil from the second oil compartment
5b through the second suction port 12,
[0079] When the lubricating oil to be supplied to the cylinder head 2 has a temperature
of less than a predetermined value, the first oil pump 13a is driven. Accordingly,
the lubricating oil is supplied to the cylinder head 2 from the first oil compartment
5a. When the lubricating oil to be supplied to the cylinder head 2 has a temperature
of greater than or equal to the predetermined value, the first and second oil pumps
13a and 13b are driven. Accordingly, the lubricating oil is supplied to the cylinder
head 2 from the first oil compartment 5a and the second oil compartment 5b.
[0080] It should be noted that when the lubricating oil to be supplied to the cylinder head
2 has a temperature of greater than or equal to the predetermined value, only the
second oil pump 13b may be driven without driving of the first oil pump 13a.
[0081] In the aforementioned preferred embodiment, the first oil compartment 5a is disposed
in front of the second oil compartment 5b. However, the first oil compartment 5a may
be disposed behind the second oil compartment 5b. For example, FIG. 17 is a schematic
diagram of the engine 1 according to a third modification.
[0082] As shown in FIG. 17, in the engine 1 according to the third modification, the first
oil compartment 5a is disposed behind the second oil compartment 5b. Additionally,
an oil guide pathway 32 is disposed above the second oil compartment 5b. The oil guide
pathway 32 leads the lubricating oil from the cylinder head 2, the cylinder 3 or the
crankcase 4 to the first oil compartment 5a.
[0083] The surface area of the second oil compartment 5b may be expanded by providing the
second oil compartment 5b with fins. For example, FIG. 18 is a schematic diagram of
the engine 1 according to a fourth modification. As shown in FIG. 18, the second oil
compartment 5b is provided with a plurality of fins 33 protruding from the inner surface
of the second oil compartment 5b. The surface area of the inner surface of the second
oil compartment 5b is expanded by providing the second oil compartment 5b with the
fins 33. Accordingly, the amount of heat released in the second oil compartment 5b
can be increased.
[0084] It should be noted that the fins 33 may protrude from the outer surface of the second
oil compartment 5b. Accordingly, the surface area of the outer surface of the second
oil compartment 5b can be expanded. Alternatively, the fins 33 may be provided to
protrude from both the outer surface and the inner surface of the second oil compartment
5b.
[0085] The structure of the switch valve 14 may be changed. For example, the switch valve
14 may be switched to a state in which the thermo-element 15 is set in an intermediate
position so as to suck the lubricating oil from both the first oil compartment 5a
and the second oil compartment 5b. Specifically, when the thermo-element 15 is set
in the intermediate position shown in FIG. 19, the switch valve 14 connects the first
suction port 11 and the connecting port 17, and simultaneously, connects the second
suction port 12 and the connecting port 17. Accordingly, the lubricating oil is sucked
from the first oil compartment 5a and the second oil compartment 5b by the oil pump
13, and is supplied to the cylinder head 2 through the supply pathway 8.
[0086] In the aforementioned preferred embodiments, the crankcase and the oil tank are configured
as one unit. However, within an alternative embodiment, crankcase and the oil tank
are configured separately.
1. An engine (1) comprising:
a cylinder head (2);
a cylinder (3) connected to the cylinder head (2);
a crankcase (4) connected to the cylinder (3), the crankcase (4) has a structure divided
right and left; and
an oil tank (5) including a first oil compartment (5a) and a second oil compartment
(5b), the oil tank (5) being disposed below the crankcase (4), the first and second
oil compartments (5a, 5b) are disposed right and left, wherein
the engine comprises means (14) configured to supply the cylinder head (2) with a
lubricating oil from the first oil compartment (5a) when the lubricating oil has a
temperature of less than a predetermined value,
the engine comprises means (14) configured to supply the cylinder head (2) with the
lubricating oil at least from the second oil compartment (5b) when the lubricating
oil has a temperature of greater than or equal to the predetermined value,
an outer surface of the first oil compartment (5a) is exposed outside the engine (1),
an outer surface of the second oil compartment (5b) is exposed outside the engine
(1), and a sum of a surface area of an inner surface and a surface area of the outer
surface of the first oil compartment (5a) is less than a sum of a surface area of
an inner surface and a surface area of the outer surface of the second oil compartment
(5b), wherein at least portion of the oil tank (5) is integrated with the crankcase
(4),
a partition (6) is disposed between the first oil compartment (5a) and the second
oil compartment (5b), the partition 6 extends in a back-and-forth direction on a bottom
portion of the crankcase (4), and divides the first and second oil compartments (5a,
5b) right and left.
2. An engine (1) according to claim 1, wherein the engine comprises means configured
to return the lubricating oil from the cylinder head (2) to the first oil compartment
(5a).
3. An engine (1) according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the cylinder head (2), the cylinder
(3) and the crankcase (4) are provided with a cam chain compartment (22) inside thereof,
the first oil compartment (5a) is disposed adjacently to the cam chain compartment
(22), and the engine comprises means configured to return the lubricating oil from
the cylinder head (2) returns to the first oil compartment (5a) through the cam chain
compartment (22).
4. An engine (1) according to any of claims 1 to 3, wherein the engine comprises means
(14) configured to return the lubricating oil from the cylinder (3) and/or the crankcase
(4) to the first oil compartment (5a).
5. An engine (1) according to any of claims 1 to 4, further comprising an oil guide pathway
(23) configured to lead the lubricating oil from the cylinder (3) and/or the crankcase
(4) to flow to the first oil compartment (5a).
6. An engine (1) according to any of claims 1 to 5, wherein the first oil compartment
(5a) has a smaller capacity than the second oil compartment (5b).
7. An engine (1) according to any of claims 1 to 6, wherein the outer surface of the
first oil compartment (5a) has a smaller area than the outer surface of the second
oil compartment (5b).
8. An engine (1) according to any of claims 1 to 7, wherein the inner surface of the
first oil compartment (5a) has a smaller area than the inner surface of the second
oil compartment (5b).
9. An engine (1) according to any of claims 1 to 8, wherein the second oil compartment
(5b) includes at least one fin (33) protruding from the inner surface or the outer
surface of the second oil compartment (5b).
10. An engine (1) according to any of claims 1 to 9, wherein the first oil compartment
(5a) and the second oil compartment (5b) are provided adjacently to each other,
the engine (1) further comprises
a switch valve (14) provided in the partition (6), the switch valve (14) is configured
to allow or block communication between the first oil compartment (5a) and the second
oil compartment (5b),
the switch valve (14) is configured to block the communication between the first oil
compartment (5a) and the second oil compartment (5b) when the lubricating oil supplied
to the cylinder head (2) has the temperature of less than the predetermined value,
the switch valve (14) is configured to allow the communication between the first oil
compartment (5a) and the second oil compartment (5b) when the lubricating oil supplied
to the cylinder head (2) has the temperature of greater than or equal to the predetermined
value, and
a suction port (11) of a supply pathway (8) for supplying the lubricating oil to the
cylinder head (2) from the oil tank (5) is opened inside the first oil compartment
(5a).
11. An engine (1) according to claim 10, wherein the switch valve (14) is a thermostat,
the thermostat is configured to be closed when the lubricating oil has the temperature
of less than the predetermined value, the thermostat is configured to be opened when
the lubricating oil has the temperature of greater than or equal to the predetermined
value.
12. An engine (1) according to any of claims 1 to 11, wherein an oil guide pathway (23)
is disposed between the second oil compartment (5b) and a space in which plural shift
gears (27) are disposed, and leads the lubricating oil dripping from the plural shift
gears (27) to the first oil compartment (5a).
13. A vehicle provided with an engine (1) according to any of claims 1 to 12, wherein
the cylinder (3) is disposed in front of the crankcase (4),
the cylinder head (2) is disposed in front of the cylinder (3),
the cylinder (3) has a cylinder (3) axis extending forward and obliquely upward, and
the first oil compartment (5a) is disposed in front of the second oil compartment
(5b).
14. A method for supplying lubricating oil to a cylinder head (2) of an engine (1) according
to any of claims 1 to 12, according to the method the cylinder head (2) is supplied
with a lubricating oil from the first oil compartment (5a) when the lubricating oil
has a temperature of less than a predetermined value, and the cylinder head (2) is
supplied with the lubricating oil at least from the second oil compartment (5b) when
the lubricating oil has a temperature of greater than or equal to the predetermined
value.
1. Ein Motor (1), der umfasst:
einen Zylinder-Kopf (2);
einen Zylinder (3), der mit dem Zylinder-Kopf (2) verbunden ist;
ein Kurbel-Gehäuse (4), das mit dem Zylinder (3) verbunden ist, das Kurbel-Gehäuse
(4) hat eine Struktur, geteilt in rechts und links; und
einen Öl-Tank (5), der eine erste Öl-Abteilung (5a) und eine zweite Öl-Abteilung (5b)
beinhaltet, der Öl-Tank (5) ist unter dem Kurbel-Gehäuse (4) positioniert, die erste
und zweite Öl-Abteilung (5a, 5b) sind links und rechts positioniert, wobei der Motor
Einrichtungen (14) umfasst, die konfiguriert sind, um den Zylinder-Kopf (2) mit einem
Schmier-Öl von der ersten Öl-Abteilung (5a) zu versorgen, wenn das Schmier-Öl eine
Temperatur von weniger als einem vorgegebenen Wert hat,
der Motor Einrichtungen (14) umfasst, die konfiguriert sind, um den Zylinder-Kopf
(2) mit dem Schmier-Öl zumindest von der zweiten Öl-Abteilung (5b) zu versorgen, wenn
das Schmier-Öl eine Temperatur von größer als oder gleich zu dem vorgegebenen Wert
hat,
eine Außen-Fläche von der ersten Öl-Abteilung (5a) ist nach außen von dem Motor (1)
freigelegt,
eine Außen-Fläche von der zweiten Öl-Abteilung (5b) ist nach außen von dem Motor (1)
freigelegt, und
eine Summe von einem Flächen-Bereich von einer Innen-Fläche und einem Flächen-Bereich
von einer Außen-Fläche von der ersten Öl-Abteilung (5a) ist weniger als eine Summe
von einem Flächen-Bereich von einer Innen-Fläche und einem Flächen-Bereich von einer
Außen-Fläche von der zweiten Öl-Abteilung (5b), wobei zumindest ein Teil von dem Öl-Tank
(5) mit dem Kurbel-Gehäuse (4) integriert ist,
eine Unterteilung (6) ist zwischen der ersten Öl-Abteilung (5a) und der zweiten Öl-Abteilung
(5b) positioniert, die Unterteilung (6) erstreckt sich in eine Vorder-und-Rück-Richtung
an einem Boden-Abschnitt von dem Kurbel-Gehäuse (4) und teilt die erste und zweite
Öl-Abteilung (5a, 5b) rechts und links.
2. Ein Motor (1) gemäß zu Anspruch 1, wobei der Motor Einrichtungen umfasst, die konfiguriert
sind, um das Schmier-Öl von dem Zylinder-Kopf (2) zu der ersten Öl-Abteilung (5a)
rückzuführen.
3. Ein Motor (1) gemäß zu Anspruch 1 oder 2, wobei der Zylinder-Kopf (2), der Zylinder
(3) und das Kurbel-Gehäuse (4) mit einer Nocken-Ketten-Abteilung (22) innerhalb derselben
vorgesehen ist,
die erste Öl-Abteilung (5) ist benachbart zu der Nocken-Ketten-Abteilung (22) positioniert,
und der Motor umfasst Einrichtungen, die konfiguriert sind, das Schmier-Öl von dem
Zylinder-Kopf (2) zu der ersten Öl-Abteilung (5a) durch die Nocken-Ketten-Abteilung
(22) rückzuführen.
4. Ein Motor (1) gemäß zu irgendeinem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, wobei der Motor Einrichtungen
(14) umfasst, die konfiguriert sind, um das Schmier-Öl von dem Zylinder (3) und/oder
dem Kurbel-Gehäuse (4) zu der ersten Öl-Abteilung (5a) rückzuführen.
5. Ein Motor (1) gemäß zu irgendeinem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, der weiter umfasst einen
Öl-Führungs-Durchgangsweg (23), der konfiguriert ist, um Schmier-Öl von dem Zylinder
(3) und/oder dem Kurbel-Gehäuse (4) zu der ersten Öl-Abteilung (5a) rückströmen zu
lassen.
6. Ein Motor (1) gemäß zu irgendeinem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, wobei die erste Öl-Abteilung
(5a) eine kleinere Kapazität als die zweite Öl-Abteilung (5b) hat.
7. Ein Motor (1) gemäß zu irgendeinem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, wobei die Außen-Fläche von
der ersten Öl-Abteilung (5a) einen kleineren Bereich als die Außen-Fläche von der
zweiten Öl-Abteilung (5b) hat.
8. Ein Motor (1) gemäß zu irgendeinem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7, wobei die Innen-Fläche von
der ersten Öl-Abteilung (5a) einen kleineren Bereich als die Innen-Fläche von der
zweiten Öl-Abteilung (5b) hat.
9. Ein Motor (1) gemäß zu irgendeinem der Ansprüche 1 bis 8, wobei die zweite Öl-Abteilung
(5b) zumindest eine Rippe (33) beinhaltet, die von der Innen-Fläche oder der Außen-Fläche
von der zweiten Öl-Abteilung (5b) vorsteht.
10. Ein Motor (1) gemäß zu irgendeinem der Ansprüche 1 bis 9, wobei die erste Öl-Abteilung
(5a) und die zweite Öl-Abteilung (5b) benachbart voneinander vorgesehen sind,
der Motor (1) weiter umfasst
ein Schalt-Ventil (14), das in der Unterteilung (6) vorgesehen ist, das Schalt-Ventil
(14) ist konfiguriert, um Kommunikation zwischen der ersten Öl-Abteilung (55a) und
der zweiten Öl-Abteilung (5b) zu gestatten oder zu blockieren,
das Schalt-Ventil (14) ist konfiguriert, um die Kommunikation zwischen der ersten
Öl-Abteilung (5a) und der zweiten Öl-Abteilung (5b) zu blockieren, wenn das Schmier-Öl,
zugeführt zu dem Zylinder-Kopf (2), die Temperatur von weniger als der vorgegebene
Wert hat,
das Schalt-Ventil (14) ist konfiguriert, um die Kommunikation zwischen der ersten
Öl-Abteilung (5a) und der zweiten Öl-Abteilung (5b) zu gestatten, wenn das Schmier-Öl,
zugeführt zu dem Zylinder-Kopf (2), die Temperatur von größer als oder gleich zu dem
vorgegebenen Wert hat, und
ein Saug-Anschluss (11) von einem Zufuhr-Durchgangsweg (8) zur Zuführung des Schmier-Öls
zu dem Zylinder-Kopf (2) von dem Öl-Tank (5) ist innerhalb der ersten Öl-Abteilung
(5a) geöffnet.
11. Ein Motor (1) gemäß zu Anspruch 10, wobei das Schalt-Ventil (14) ein Thermostat ist,
der Thermostat ist konfiguriert, um geschlossen zu sein, wenn das Schmier-Öl die Temperatur
von weniger als den vorgegebenen Wert hat, der Thermostat ist konfiguriert, um geöffnet
zu werden, wenn das Schmier-Öl die Temperatur von größer als oder gleich zu dem vorgegebenen
Wert hat.
12. Ein Motor (1) gemäß zu irgendeinem der Ansprüche 1 bis 11, wobei ein Öl-Führungs-Durchgangsweg
(23) zwischen der zweiten Öl-Abteilung (5b) und einem Raum, in dem eine Mehrzahl von
Schalt-Zahnrädern (27) positioniert sind, positioniert, und führt das Schmier-Öl,
das von der Mehrzahl von Schalt-Zahnrädern (27) abtropft, zu der ersten Öl-Abteilung
(5a).
13. Ein Fahrzeug, vorgesehen mit einem Motor (1) gemäß zu irgendeinem der Ansprüche 1
bis 12, wobei der Zylinder (3) vor dem Kurbel-Gehäuse (4) positioniert ist,
der Zylinder-Kopf (2) vor dem Zylinder (3) positioniert ist,
der Zylinder (3) eine Zylinder-(3)-Achse hat, die sich nach vorne und schräg oben
erstreckt und
die erste Öl-Abteilung (5a) vor der zweiten Öl-Abteilung (5b) positioniert ist.
14. Ein Verfahren zur Zuführung von Schmier-Öl zu einem Zylinder-Kopf (2) von einem Motor
(1) gemäß zu irgendeinem der Ansprüche 1 bis 12, gemäß dem Verfahren ist der Zylinder-Kopf
(2) mit einem Schmier-Öl von der ersten Öl-Abteilung (5a) versorgt, wenn das Schmier-Öl
eine Temperatur von weniger als ein vorgegebener Wert hat, und der Zylinder-Kopf (2)
ist mit dem Schmier-Öl von zumindest von der zweiten Öl-Abteilung (5b) versorgt, wenn
das Schmier-Öl eine Temperatur von größer als oder gleich zu dem vorgegebenen Wert
ist.
1. Moteur (1) comprenant :
une culasse (2) ;
un cylindre (3) connecté à la culasse (2) ;
un carter (4) connecté au cylindre (3), le carter (4) présentant une structure divisée
droite et gauche ; et
un réservoir d'huile (5) comprenant un premier compartiment d'huile (5a) et un deuxième
compartiment d'huile (5b), le réservoir d'huile (5) étant disposé sous le carter (4),
les premier et deuxième compartiments d'huile (5a, 5b) étant disposés à droite et
à gauche,
dans lequel
le moteur comprend un moyen (14) configuré pour alimenter la culasse (2) en huile
de lubrification provenant du premier compartiment d'huile (5a) quand l'huile de lubrification
présente une température inférieure à une valeur prédéterminée,
le moteur comprend un moyen (14) configuré pour alimenter la culasse (2) en huile
de lubrification provenant au moins du deuxième compartiment d'huile (5b) quand l'huile
de lubrification présente une température supérieure ou égale à la valeur prédéterminée,
une surface externe du premier compartiment d'huile (5a) est exposée à l'extérieur
du moteur (1),
une surface externe du deuxième compartiment d'huile (5b) est exposée à l'extérieur
du moteur (1), et la somme de la surface d'une surface interne et de la surface de
la surface externe du premier compartiment d'huile (5a) est inférieure à la somme
de la surface d'une surface interne et de la surface de la surface externe du deuxième
compartiment d'huile (5b), dans lequel au moins une portion du réservoir d'huile (5)
est intégrée avec le carter (4),
une partition (6) est disposée entre le premier compartiment d'huile (5a) et le deuxième
compartiment d'huile (5b), la partition (6) s'étend dans une direction avant-arrière
sur une portion inférieure du carter (4), et divise les premier et deuxième compartiments
d'huile (5a, 5b) droit et gauche.
2. Moteur (1) selon la revendication 1, dans lequel le moteur comprend un moyen configuré
pour renvoyer l'huile de lubrification de la culasse (2) au premier compartiment d'huile
(5a).
3. Moteur (1) selon la revendication 1 ou 2, dans lequel
un compartiment de chaîne de distribution (22) est pourvu à l'intérieur de la culasse
(2), du cylindre (3) et du carter (4),
le premier compartiment d'huile (5a) est disposé de manière adjacente au compartiment
de chaîne de distribution (22), et
le moteur comprend un moyen configuré pour renvoyer l'huile de lubrification de la
culasse (2) au premier compartiment d'huile (5a) via le compartiment de chaîne de
distribution (22).
4. Moteur (1) selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 3, dans lequel le moteur
comprend un moyen (14) configuré pour renvoyer l'huile de lubrification du cylindre
(3) et/ou du carter (4) au premier compartiment d'huile (5a).
5. Moteur (1) selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 4, comprenant en outre une
voie de guidage d'huile (23) configurée pour guider l'écoulement de l'huile de lubrification
du cylindre (3) et/ou du carter (4) jusqu'au premier compartiment d'huile (5a).
6. Moteur (1) selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 5, dans lequel le premier
compartiment d'huile (5a) présente une capacité inférieure à celle du deuxième compartiment
d'huile (5b).
7. Moteur (1) selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 6, dans lequel la surface
externe du premier compartiment d'huile (5a) présente une surface inférieure à la
surface externe du deuxième compartiment d'huile (5b).
8. Moteur (1) selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 7, dans lequel la surface
interne du premier compartiment d'huile (5a) présente une surface inférieure à la
surface interne du deuxième compartiment d'huile (5b).
9. Moteur (1) selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 8, dans lequel le deuxième
compartiment d'huile (5b) comprend au moins une ailette (33) ressortant de la surface
interne ou de la surface externe du deuxième compartiment d'huile (5b).
10. Moteur (1) selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 9, dans lequel
le premier compartiment d'huile (5a) et le deuxième compartiment d'huile (5b) sont
pourvus de manière adjacente entre eux,
le moteur (1) comprend en outre une vanne de commutation (14) pourvue dans la partition
(6),
la vanne de commutation (14) est configurée pour permettre ou bloquer la communication
entre le premier compartiment d'huile (5a) et le deuxième compartiment d'huile (5b),
la vanne de commutation (14) est configurée pour bloquer la communication entre le
premier compartiment d'huile (5a) et le deuxième compartiment d'huile (5b) quand l'huile
de lubrification alimentée à la culasse (2) présente une température inférieure ou
égale à la valeur prédéterminée,
la vanne de commutation (14) est configurée pour permettre la communication entre
le premier compartiment d'huile (5a) et le deuxième compartiment d'huile (5b) quand
l'huile de lubrification alimentée à la culasse (2) présente une température supérieure
ou égale à la valeur prédéterminée, et
un orifice d'aspiration (11) d'une voie d'alimentation (8) pour alimenter l'huile
de lubrification à la culasse (2) depuis le réservoir d'huile (5) est ouvert à l'intérieur
du premier compartiment d'huile (5a).
11. Moteur (1) selon la revendication 10, dans lequel la vanne de commutation (14) est
un thermostat, le thermostat est configuré pour être fermé quand l'huile de lubrification
présente une température inférieure à la valeur prédéterminée, le thermostat est configuré
pour être ouvert quand l'huile de lubrification présente une température supérieure
ou égale à la valeur prédéterminée.
12. Moteur (1) selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 11, dans lequel une voie
de guidage d'huile (23) est disposée entre le deuxième compartiment d'huile (5b) et
un espace dans lequel est disposée une pluralité d'engrenages de changement de rapport
(27), et conduit l'huile de lubrification qui s'écoule de la pluralité d'engrenages
de changement de rapport (27) jusqu'au premier compartiment d'huile (5a).
13. Véhicule pourvu d'un moteur (1) selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 12,
dans lequel
le cylindre (3) est disposé devant le carter (4),
la culasse (2) est disposée devant le cylindre (3),
le cylindre (3) comporte un axe de cylindre (3) qui s'étend vers l'avant et en oblique
vers le haut, et
le premier compartiment d'huile (5a) est disposé devant le deuxième compartiment d'huile
(5b).
14. Procédé d'alimentation d'huile de lubrification à la culasse (2) d'un moteur (1) selon
l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 12, dans lequel la culasse (2) est alimentée
en huile de lubrification provenant du premier compartiment d'huile (5a) quand l'huile
de lubrification présente une température inférieure à une valeur prédéterminée, et
la culasse (2) est alimentée en huile de lubrification provenant au moins du deuxième
compartiment d'huile (5b) quand l'huile de lubrification présente une température
supérieure ou égale à la valeur prédéterminée.