[0001] The present invention relates to a compactor device for separate waste collection.
[0002] The device under consideration is particularly suitable for being installed in crowded
public places, such as supermarkets, shopping malls, parks, trade shows, to promote
and/or increase the efficiency of the separate collection of certain waste types.
[0003] The separate collection of municipal waste is usually carried out with the aid of
special containers, each configured for the disposal of a certain waste type by users.
[0004] In order to regulate and/or promote the correct use of containers, it may be provided
that they are equipped with user identification devices by entering a code assigned
thereto, to enable the waste disposal only for authorized users and/or record the
disposals made for statistical purposes and/or for the purpose of awarding credits.
[0005] In order to improve the efficiency of the separate collection of bottles and/or plastic
and/or paper wrappers, metal cans, or other kinds of containers, it is often provided
that the waste inserted into the introducing mouth of the container is brought to
an electromechanically operated compaction assembly, which exerts a pressing action
on the waste to reduce its size before conveying it into a fall compartment.
[0006] US_2,968,235 discloses a refuse collecting apparatus according to the preamble of claim 1, in
which the operation of a pedal causes a refuse inlet mouth to be open, simultaneously
with a crushing action of a previously introduced waste, to then drop the crushed
waste into a collection container.
[0007] JP_H11-347797A and
US_2,887,040 provide other examples of refuse collecting apparatus performing a crushing or compacting
action of the collected waste.
[0008] The object of the present invention is to provide an improved compactor device compared
to the prior art in terms of simplicity of operation and/or use, and/or in terms of
installation versatility.
[0009] In particular, the aim is to offer a compactor device which is suitable for carrying
out the waste pressing by exploiting a thrust action required by the user himself
in order to introduce the waste into the access compartment to the container.
[0010] The aim is also to offer a compactor device which ensures a high level of safety.
In particular, for example, the aim is to prevent the introduction of waste into the
access compartment from causing the user to bring his hands or other parts of his
body close to the movable members intended for carrying out the pressing.
[0011] The previous aims and objectives are attained by a compactor device for waste collection
as defined in claim 1.
[0012] Since no power supply is needed for carrying out the pressing, the device under consideration
turns out to be more reliable in terms of safety. Moreover, the device under consideration
can thus be easily installed even in outdoor locations and/or in areas where a power
supply line is not provided, nor easily available.
[0013] The mechanical action exerted by the user allows to get the crushing of a waste which
has been previously introduced, possibly by a different user, simultaneously with
the opening of the loading tank to enable the introduction of a new waste.
[0014] The invention may further comprise one or more of the following preferred features.
[0015] Preferably, the presser is configured to intercept the waste throughout the transfer
chute.
[0016] Preferably, the presser is placed above the lower portion of the transfer chute.
[0017] Preferably, the presser is movable towards said lower portion starting from a rest
position in which it has a thrust surface facing the transfer chute according to a
tilted orientation, to stop on the lower portion the waste descending along the transfer
chute.
[0018] Preferably, in the first position, the partition has a contrast surface at its top,
facing towards the presser and operating against the waste during crushing.
[0019] Preferably, the partition is slidably guided with respect to the upper portion of
the chute, and movable parallel to the latter.
[0020] Preferably, in the first position the movable partition extends essentially on the
continuation of the upper portion of the transfer chute, away from the loading tank.
[0021] Preferably, in the second position, the contrast surface of the partition is placed
parallel alongside to the upper portion, in an underlying position with respect to
the latter.
[0022] Preferably, the partition is movable by the action of the control mechanism. Preferably,
the control mechanism further comprises: a first tie rod mechanically connected to
the actuation lever; a second tie rod mechanically connected to the partition; first
and second grasping members carried by the first and second tie rods, respectively.
[0023] Preferably, the first tie rod is movable towards the second tie rod in consequence
of a translation of the actuation lever towards the actuating position.
[0024] Preferably, the first and second grasping members are removably engageable with each
other following the approaching of the first tie rod to the second tie rod, and mutually
detachable following the translation of the actuation lever towards the release position,
to allow a reciprocal moving away of the first and second tie rods.
[0025] Preferably, at least an auxiliary drive lever is provided for controlling the translation
of the partition towards the second position.
[0026] Preferably, return members, which elastically counteract the translation of the actuation
lever towards the actuating position, are also provided.
[0027] Preferably, relocation members configured to counteract the translation of the partition
towards the second position are also provided. Preferably, said fall compartment is
formed in a lower portion of the containment structure.
[0028] Preferably, a discharge port is defined between the presser in the rest position
and the lower portion of the transfer chute.
[0029] Preferably, said discharge port is defined between the presser and the partition
in the first position.
[0030] Preferably, there is also provided a release mechanism which can be activated by
the user to determine the sliding of the partition towards the second position independently
of the actuation of the presser and/or other members of the compactor device.
[0031] Preferably, the release mechanism comprises an auxiliary lever which can be activated
by means of a respective release pedal, for controlling the movement of the partition
by means of at least one respective auxiliary tie rod.
[0032] Further characteristics and advantages will become more apparent from the detailed
description of a preferred, yet not limiting, embodiment of a compactor device for
waste collection, according to the present invention. Such description will be set
forth hereinafter with reference to the accompanying drawings given only for illustrative
and, therefore, nonlimiting purpose, wherein:
- figure 1 shows a perspective view of a compactor device for waste collection, according
to the present invention;
- figure 2 shows the compactor device of figure 1 in a side sectional view;
- figure 2a shows an interrupted perspective view of a detail of the compactor device
in the condition of figure 2;
- figure 3 shows a side sectional view of the compactor device during the waste loading
by a user;
- figure 3a shows an interrupted perspective view of a detail of the compactor device
in the condition of figure 3;
- figure 4 shows a side sectional view of the compactor device during the release of
the actuation lever by a user;
- figure 5 shows the compactor device in a rest position in which the previously introduced
waste has stopped near the area ofaction of a presser;
- figure 6 shows the compactor device during the loading of an additional waste by a
user and the simultaneous crushing of the previously introduced waste;
- figure 7 shows the compactor device during the release of the actuation lever by a
user, wherein the compacted waste falls into a fall compartment;
- figure 8 shows an emergency intervention phase by the user to determine the discharge
of a waste into the underlying fall compartment.
[0033] With reference to the mentioned figures, the number 1 globally indicates a compactor
device for the collection of waste 7, according to the present invention.
[0034] The compactor device 1 comprises a substantially box-shaped containment structure
2, made e.g., of metallic material, having an introducing mouth 3 at its top. More
specifically, the introducing mouth 3 is preferably formed in the upper part of a
front wall 4 of the containment structure 2. The front wall 4, or at least the part
thereof bearing the introducing mouth 3, preferably extends on a substantially vertical
plane or with a slight tilt with respect to the vertical.
[0035] A loading tank 5, arranged so as to occlude the introducing mouth 3, is oscillatably
secured to the containment structure 2. In other words, the loading tank 5 prevents
a user from introducing his hands and/or objects directly into the containment structure
2 through the introducing mouth 3. The loading tank 5 may be substantially shaped
like a cylindrical sector, with a containment wall 6 thereof defining a concavity
6a suitable for receiving at least one waste 7,
e.g., a plastic bottle, to be disposed of into the compactor device 1. The concavity 6a
is preferably delimited between a pair of side walls 8 arranged at the opposite end
edges of the containment wall 6. The loading tank 5 can be rotatably hinged to one
or more supports 9 integral with respect to the containment structure 2,
e.g., near its side walls 8, preferably around a substantially horizontal rotation axis
X.
[0036] The loading tank 5 is movable about its rotation axis X between a receiving position
(figures 3 and 6), in which it has its concavity 6a facing the outside of the containment
structure 2 for receiving at least one waste 7, and a closure position (figures 2
and 5), in which said concavity 6a faces the containment structure 2 internally.
[0037] Near the loading tank 5, inside the containment structure 2, a transfer chute 10
is arranged, extending according to a tilted course away from the loading tank 5 itself.
The transfer chute 10 has an upper portion 11 arranged to receive waste 7 from the
loading tank 5, on a sliding surface 11a facing upwards. On the continuation of the
upper portion 11, the transfer chute 10 also has a lower portion 12 arranged to cooperate
with a presser 13 placed above the lower portion 12 itself and movable towards the
latter.
[0038] The lower portion 12 is preferably arranged above a fall compartment 14 located in
the lower part of the containment structure 2. In the fall compartment 14 a collection
container 15 for the waste 7 disposed of into the compactor device 1 can be removably
housed. An opening door 16 arranged in a rear wall of the containment structure 2,
on the opposite side of the front wall 4, can facilitate the introduction and removal
of the collection container 15.
[0039] In a possible alternative embodiment, not shown, the fall compartment 14 directly
receives the waste in the absence of additional containers, and the containment structure
2 has a bottom which can be opened to allow the waste to be emptied in the dumpster
of a motor vehicle, above which the entire device 1 is hoisted and kept suspended
by a grasping, lifting and ground repositioning system, installed on the same vehicle
used to collect waste. In a manner known
per se, the opening and closing movements of the opening bottom may be mechanically controlled
by means of the same gripping, lifting and ground repositioning system.
[0040] According to the invention, the lower portion 12 of the transfer chute 10 comprises
a partition 17 which is movable, advantageously slidably guided, with respect to the
upper portion 11 of the chute itself, and movable parallel to the latter.
[0041] The partition 17 is movable between a first position, in which it substantially extends
on the continuation of the upper portion 11 of the chute, away from the loading tank
5, and a second position, in which the partition 17 is retracted towards the loading
tank 5, below the upper portion 11. More particularly, in the first position the partition
17 has, at its top, its own contrast surface 17a facing upwards and overlooking a
thrust surface 13a belonging to the bottom of the presser 13. The partition 17 is
thus suitable for operating against the waste 7 during crushing, cooperating with
the presser 13 itself to compress the waste 7.
[0042] The contrast surface 17a is preferably out of alignment with respect to the sliding
surface 11a of the upper portion 11 of the transfer chute 10. A step 18 is preferably
defined in the transition zone between the upper portion 11 and the lower portion
12 of the transfer chute 10.
[0043] In the second position, the contrast surface 17a of the partition 17 is placed parallel
alongside to the upper portion 11, in an underlying position with respect to the latter.
The partition 17 thus turns out to be away from the presser 13 to release the fall
of the waste 7 in the fall compartment 14. Preferably, the translation of the partition
17 towards the second position is opposed by return springs 17b, counterweights or
other suitable repositioning members, operating for example between the partition
itself and a fixed portion with respect to the upper portion 11 of the transfer chute
10.
[0044] At least one control mechanism 19, preferably housed above the fall compartment 14,
is mechanically connected to an actuation lever 20 protruding out of the containment
structure 2. In the illustrated example there is provided a pair of actuation levers
20 interconnected with each other by a pedal 21 extending horizontally near a lower
area of the front wall 4.
[0045] Each actuation lever 20 is rotatably constrained to a side wall of the containment
structure 2 for actuating, with its opposite end to the pedal 21, a thrust strut 22
operating on the control mechanism 19.
[0046] The control mechanism 19 preferably presents, next to each of the side walls 8 of
the containment structure 2, a primary lever 23 having a first end 23a rotatably constrained
with respect to the containment structure 2. A first connecting rod 24 and a second
connecting rod 25 are constrained to the primary lever 23.
[0047] The first connecting rod 24 controls, on the opposite side of the primary lever 23,
a secondary lever 26 operatively connected to the loading tank 5. Preferably, the
secondary lever 26 has a proximal end 26a constrained with respect to the containment
structure 2, and a distal end 26b bearing a slot 27 crossed by a constraining pin
28 integral with one of the side walls 8 of the loading tank 5.
[0048] The second connecting rod 25 is, in turn, constrained to the presser 13, to control
its rotation around its own hinging axis Y with respect to the containment structure
2.
[0049] The activation of the compactor device 1 provides that the actuation levers 20 translate
between a rest position and an actuating position by a thrust action exerted by the
user on the pedal 21. Preferably, at least one traction spring 29 or equivalent return
members elastically counteract the translation of the actuation levers 20 towards
the actuating position.
[0050] In the rest position (figures 2 and 5), the secondary lever 26 retains the loading
tank 5 in its closure position. At the same time, the second connecting rod 25 holds
the presser 13 in a respective rest position in which the thrust surface 13a faces
the transfer chute 10, according to a tilted orientation with respect to the latter.
In this case, the thrust surface 13a of the presser 13 is suitable for intercepting
the descent of the waste 7 along the transfer chute 10, to stop it at the partition
17 of the lower portion 12 (figure 5).
[0051] In the activation position,
i.e. with the pedal 21 lowered (figures 3 and 6), the secondary lever 26 causes a translation
of the loading tank 5 from the closure position to the receiving position to allow
the introduction of a waste 7 into the loading tank 5. At the same time, the second
connecting rod 25 causes a translation of the presser 13 towards the transfer chute
10 to cause a crushing of a waste 7, if any, previously transferred from the loading
tank 5 to the transfer chute 10.
[0052] Preferably, the control mechanism 19 is also configured to determine the movement
of the partition 17 in order to facilitate the fall of the waste 7 into the fall compartment
14, preferably at the time when the presser 13 returns in the rest position.
[0053] For this purpose, it may be provided, for example, that the control mechanism 19
comprises at least one first tie rod 30 mechanically connected to the actuation lever
20. In the illustrated example there is provided a pair of first tie rods 30 in the
form of rods spaced parallel to each other. Each first tie rod 30 is preferably connected
to a second end 23b of the primary lever 23,
e.g., in a common hinge point C with the second connecting rod 25.
[0054] At least one second tie rod 31, e.g., comprising one or more cables guided through
respective return pulleys 32, is mechanically connected to the partition 17 of the
transfer chute 10.
[0055] First and second grasping members 33, 34, which are removably engageable with each
other, are respectively connected to the first and second tie rods 30, 31, preferably
by means of a first and a second movable crosspiece 35, 36. In a possible embodiment,
the first and second grasping members 33, 34 may, for example, comprise hooking elements
33, e.g., in the form of arms which may elastically oscillate around respective hinge
pivots 37 (figure 3a), which may be engaged and disengaged with respective engagement
seats 34 carried by the second movable crosspiece 36, overcoming the resilient strength
of contrast springs (not shown). Alternatively, the first and second grasping members
33, 34 may be magnetically coupled together.
[0056] The first tie rods 30 are movable towards the second tie rods 31 as a result of the
translation of the actuation levers 20 towards the actuating position due to a thrust
exerted on the pedal 21, so as to bring the first grasping members 33 into engagement
with the second grasping members 44, as better shown in figure 3a.
[0057] Once the actuating position has been reached by the operating levers 20, the waste
7 is pressed against the partition 17 and the loading tank 5 turns the concavity 6a
outwards from the containment structure in order to allow the introduction of a new
waste. The action exerted by the user on the pedal 21 leads to the crushing of the
waste previously introduced at the time when the loading tank has been opened for
introducing the new waste 7.
[0058] When the pedal 21 is released, the action of the traction spring(s) 29 leads to the
translation of the actuation levers 20 towards the release position, with the simultaneous
translation of the presser 13 towards the rest position. The mutual engagement of
the first and second grasping members 33, 34 causes the partition 17 to be translated
by the action of the second tie rods 32 away from the presser 13, sliding below the
upper portion 11 of the chute 10. After reaching the second position of the partition
17, the first grasping members 33 interfere on respective fixed cams 38 (figure 3a),
which cause their disengagement from the second grasping members 34.
[0059] Thus, the movable crosspieces 35, 36, as well as the first and second tie rods 30,
31 end up drifting apart, at the time when the partition 17 is repositioned in the
first position by the return springs 17b.
[0060] Figures 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 and 7 show the operating sequence of the compactor device 1
during the execution of two consecutive work cycles, starting from a hypothetical
initial condition in which the device has never been used so far.
[0061] This initial condition is shown in Figure 2, in which the actuation levers 20 are
in the rest position and keep the pedal 21 in the elevated position. The loading tank
5 is in the closure position, while the partition 17 is in the respective first position,
below the presser 13 kept, in the rest position, elevated at a certain distance from
the partition itself. No object is interposed between the presser 13 and the partition
17.
[0062] Figure 3 shows an operating step in which a user accesses the compactor device 1
by pressing the pedal 21 downwards. The stroke made by the actuation levers 20 leads
to the actuation of the primary lever 23 of the control mechanism 19. Consequently,
the secondary lever 26, controlled by the first connecting rod 24, leads to the rotation
of the loading tank 5 in the receiving position, so as to allow the introduction of
a waste 7 inside the concavity 6a, through the introducing mouth 3 available on the
front wall 4.
[0063] Simultaneously with the rotation of the loading tank 5, the second connecting rod
25 causes the presser 13 to be lowered towards the partition 17. At the same time,
the movement of the primary lever 23 imposes, through the first tie rods 30, an approaching
of the first movable crosspiece 35 to the second movable crosspiece 36, determining
the mutual engagement of the first and second grasping members 33, 34. Figure 4 shows
the compactor device 1 during the ascent of the control pedal 21 following its release
by the user. The traction springs 29 bring the actuation levers 20 back to the rest
position, while the loading tank 5 is returned to the closure position by means of
the control mechanism 19. Simultaneously, the primary lever 23 brings the first tie
rods 30 back the initial position and, due to the mutual engagement between the first
and second grasping members 33, 34, the translation of the partition 17 towards the
second position, below the first portion 11, is determined by means of the second
tie rods 31.
[0064] Just as the partition 17 reaches the second position, the action of the fixed cams
38 determines the mutual disengagement of the first and second grasping members 33,
34 with the resultant returning of the partition 17 in the first position as shown
in figure 5.
[0065] The rotation of the loading tank 5 towards the closure position drops the waste 7
onto the first portion 11 of the transfer chute 10. The waste 7 descends along the
chute 10 but, before having completely passed the first portion 11, the partition
17 has already repositioned in the first position. The fall of the waste 7 into the
collection compartment 14 is consequently intercepted by the presser 13, which in
the meantime has returned to its rest position. Therefore, the waste 7 is still engaged
between the partition 17 and the presser 13.
[0066] Figure 6 shows the compactor device 1 when a user activates the pedal 21 again to
introduce a new waste 7 into the loading tank 5. When the pedal 21 is actuated again,
the lowering of the presser 13 towards the operating position causes the previously
introduced waste 7 to be pressed against the partition 17. The step 18 arranged between
the upper portion 11 and the lower portion 12 of the transfer chute 10 facilitates
the effective retention of the waste 7, preventing it from rising up along the transfer
slide 10 during the crushing step.
[0067] As can be seen in figure 6, when the pedal 21 released by the user goes back to the
elevated position, the resultant translation of the partition 17 towards the second
position facilitates the fall of the crushed waste 7 into the collection container
15. At the same time, the repositioning of the loading tank 5 in the closure position
releases the new waste 7 onto the upper portion 11 of the transfer chute 10.
[0068] The new waste 7 descends along the transfer chute 10 and will be stopped between
the presser 13 relocated in the operative position and the partition 17 relocated
in the first position, again arranging the compactor device 1 in the condition of
figure 5 for the execution of further operating cycles.
[0069] In the illustrated example, the compactor device 1 is designed for the collection
of plastic bottles, and the sizes of its components are studied for the purpose of
the treatment of this waste type.
[0070] In order to avoid jams due to the introduction of relatively small foreign bodies,
it can advantageously be provided that between the presser 13 in the rest position
and the lower part 12 of the transfer chute 10,
i.e., between the presser 13 and the partition 17 in the first position, a discharge port
L is defined. The discharge port L has a greater amplitude than the minimum size detectable
on the waste 7 to be disposed into the compactor device 1. It is thereby prevented
that the non-crushed waste 7 may fall into the collection compartment 14. However,
the discharge port L is large enough to permit the passage of smaller bodies, such
as pieces of wood, stones or other objects other than those whose collection the compactor
device 1 is designed for.
[0071] In order to avoid permanent jams of the compactor device due to the introduction
of full and closed bottles, and/or foreign bodies of sizes comparable to those of
waste 7, an unlocking mechanism 39 which can be activated by the user is also preferably
provided, to determine the sliding of the partition 17 towards the second position
independently of the actuation of the presser 13 and/or other members of the compactor
device 1. Preferably, the release mechanism 39 comprises an auxiliary lever 40 which
can be activated by means of a respective release pedal 41, for controlling the movement
of the partition 17 by means of at least one respective auxiliary tie rod 42.
[0072] In the illustrated example, an auxiliary opening 43 is arranged on the front wall
4 for introducing caps or other closure elements previously removed from the bottles
7 to facilitate their crushing. Downstream of the auxiliary opening 43, the caps may
be conveyed to an auxiliary container, not shown.
[0073] The compactor device 1 may also be provided with a user identification system by
reading IRFD cards or other type of code, e.g., through a special reader 44 and a
printing unit housed in the containment structure to issue through a slit 45 receipts
attesting the use of the compactor device 1. The reader 44 and the printer may be
powered by batteries which may be recharged, if needed, using photovoltaic panels,
without no need of connections to power supply networks.
1. A compactor device for waste collection (7), comprising:
a containment structure (2) having an introducing mouth (3) above;
a loading tank (5) arranged to close the introducing mouth (3) and movable between
a receiving position in which it exhibits a concavity (6a) facing externally to the
containment structure (2) to receive at least one waste (7), and a closure position
in which said concavity (6a) faces internally to the containment structure (2);
a transfer chute (10) having an upper portion (11) arranged to receive the waste (7)
from the loading tank (5) and a lower portion (12) disposed above a fall compartment
(14);
a presser (13) movable towards the lower portion (12) of the transfer chute (10);
an actuation lever (20) protruding externally to the containment structure (2);
a control mechanism (19) mechanically connected to the actuation lever (20) to determine,
upon translation of the actuation lever (20) from a release position to an actuating
position, a movement of the loading tank (5) from the closure position to the receiving
position to allow introduction of said waste (7) into the loading tank (5), and a
movement of the presser (13) toward the transfer chute (10) so as to cause a crushing
of the waste (7) previously transferred from the loading tank (5) to the transfer
chute (10),
characterized in that the lower portion (12) of said transfer chute (10) comprises a partition (17) that
is movable with respect to the upper portion (11) between a first position in which
it cooperates with the presser (13) for compressing the waste (7), and a second position
in which it is placed away from the presser (13) to release fall of the waste (7)
into the fall compartment (14).
2. A device according to claim 1, wherein the presser (13) is configured to intercept
the waste (7) along the transfer chute (10).
3. A device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the presser (13) is positioned above the
lower portion (12) of the transfer chute (10).
4. A device according to one or more of the preceding claims, wherein the presser (13)
is movable towards said lower portion (12) starting from a rest position in which
it has a thrust surface (13a) facing the transfer chute (10) according to an inclined
orientation, to stop on the lower portion (12) the waste (7) descending along the
transfer chute (10).
5. A device according to one or more of the preceding claims, wherein in the first position,
the partition (17) has a contrast surface at its top, facing towards the presser (13)
and operating against the waste (7) during crushing.
6. A device according to claim one or more of the preceding claims, wherein the partition
(17) is slidably guided with respect to the upper portion (11) of the slide, and movable
parallel to the latter.
7. A device according to one or more of the preceding claims, wherein in the first position
the movable partition (17) extends essentially on the continuation of the upper portion
(11) of the transfer chute (10), away from the loading tank (5).
8. A device according to one or more of the preceding claims, wherein in the second position
the partition (17) is placed parallel alongside to the upper portion (11) in an underlying
position with respect to the latter.
9. A device according to one or more of the preceding claims, wherein the partition (17)
is movable on the action of the control mechanism (19).
10. A device according to one or more of the preceding claims, wherein the control mechanism
(19) further comprises:
a first tie rod (30) mechanically connected to the actuation lever (20);
a second tie rod (31) mechanically connected to the partition (17);
first and second grasping members (33, 34) carried respectively by the first and second
tie rods (30, 31).
11. A device according to claim 10, wherein:
the first tie rod (30) is movable towards the second tie rod (31) in consequence of
a translation of the actuation lever (20) towards the actuating position; and
the first and second grasping members (33, 34) are removably engageable with each
other following approaching of the first tie rod (30) to the second tie rod (31),
and mutually detachable following the movement of the actuation lever (20) towards
the release position, to allow a reciprocal moving away of the first and second tie
rods (30, 31).
12. A device according to one or more of the preceding claims, further comprising at least
one auxiliary drive lever (40) for controlling displacement of the partition (17)
to the second position.
13. Device according to one or more of the preceding claims, wherein a discharge port
(L) is defined between the presser (13) in the rest position and the lower portion
(12) of the transfer chute (10).
14. Device according to claim 13, wherein said discharge port is defined between the presser
and the partition in the first position.
15. Device according to one or more of the preceding claims, further comprising a release
mechanism (39) activatable by the user to determine the sliding of the partition (17)
towards the second position independently of the actuation of the presser (13), the
release mechanism (39) comprising an auxiliary lever (43) activatable by a respective
release pedal (41), for controlling the movement of the partition (17) by at least
one respective auxiliary tie rod (42).
1. Pressvorrichtung für Müllsammlung (7), umfassend:
- eine Aufnahmestruktur (2) mit einer Einfüllöffnung (3) darüber;
- einen zum Schließen der Einfüllöffnung (3) angeordneten Füllbehälter (5), der zwischen
einer Aufnahmeposition, in der er eine von außen der Aufnahmestruktur (2) gegenüberliegende
Konkavität (6a) bildet, um mindestens einen Abfall (7) aufzunehmen, und einer Schließposition,
in der die genannten Konkavität (6a) von innen zu der Aufnahmestruktur (2) gerichtet
ist, beweglich ist;
einen Beförderungstrichter (10) mit einem zum Aufnehmen des Abfalls (7) von dem Füllbehälter
(5) angeordneten oberen Abschnitt (11) und einem über einer Fallkammer (14) angeordneten
unteren Abschnitt (12);
einen in Richtung des unteren Abschnitts (12) des Beförderungstrichters (10) beweglichen
Presser (13);
einen außen zu der Aufnahmestruktur (2) vorstehenden Betätigungshebel (20);
einen mechanisch mit dem Betätigungshebel (20) verbundenen Steuermechanismus (19),
um beim Verschieben des Betätigungshebels (20) aus einer gelösten Position in eine
Betätigungsposition eine Bewegung des Füllbehälters (5) aus der Schließposition in
die Aufnahmeposition, um das Einfüllen des genannten Abfalls (7) in den Füllbehälter
(5) zu gestatten, und eine Bewegung des Pressers (13) zu dem Beförderungstrichter
(10), um ein Quetschen des zuvor aus dem Füllbehälter (5) in den Beförderungstrichter
(10) beförderten Abfalls (7) zu erzielen, herbeizuführen,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der untere Abschnitt (12) des genannten Beförderungstrichters (10) eine im Verhältnis
zu dem oberen Abschnitt (11) zwischen einer ersten Position, in der sie mit dem Presser
(13) zum Pressen des Abfalls (7) zusammenwirkt, und einer zweiten Position, in der
sie von dem Presser (13) entfernt angeordnet ist, um das Herabfallen des Abfalls (7)
in die Fallkammer (14) auszulösen, angeordnete Trennwand (17) umfasst.
2. Pressvorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, bei der der Presser (13) darauf ausgelegt ist, den
Abfall (7) entlang des Beförderungstrichters (10) zu erfassen.
3. Pressvorrichtung nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, bei der der Presser (13) über dem unteren
Abschnitt (12) des Beförderungstrichters (10) positioniert ist.
4. Pressvorrichtung nach einem oder mehreren der vorangegangenen Ansprüche, bei der der
Presser (13) ausgehend von einer Ruheposition, in der er eine dem Beförderungstrichter
(10) in geneigten Ausrichtung gegenüberliegende Schubfläche (13a) bildet, zu dem genannten
unteren Abschnitt (12) bewegt werden kann, um den über den Beförderungstrichter (10)
herunterfallenden Abfall (7) auf dem unteren Abschnitt (12) zu stoppen.
5. Pressvorrichtung nach einem oder mehreren der vorangegangenen Ansprüche, bei der die
Trennwand (17) in der ersten Position an ihrer Oberseite eine zu dem Presser (13)
gerichtete, gegen den Abfall (7) wirkende Gegenfläche aufweist.
6. Pressvorrichtung nach einem oder mehreren der vorangegangenen Ansprüche, bei der die
Trennwand (17) im Verhältnis zu dem oberen Abschnitt (11) des Schiebers verschiebbar
und parallel zu Letzterem geführt wird.
7. Pressvorrichtung nach einem oder mehreren der vorangegangenen Ansprüche, bei der die
bewegliche Trennwand (17) in der ersten Position im Wesentlichen über die Fortsetzung
des oberen Abschnitts (11) des Beförderungstrichters (10) von dem Füllbehälter (5)
weg hinausgeht.
8. Pressvorrichtung nach einem oder mehreren der vorangegangenen Ansprüche, bei der die
Trennwand (17) in der zweiten Position parallel entlang des oberen Abschnitts (11)
in einer im Verhältnis zu Letzterem darunterliegenden Position platziert ist.
9. Pressvorrichtung nach einem oder mehreren der vorangegangenen Ansprüche, bei der sich
die Trennwand (17) beim Betätigen des Steuermechanismus (19) bewegt.
10. Pressvorrichtung nach einem oder mehreren der vorangegangenen Ansprüche, bei dem der
Steuermechanismus (19) außerdem Folgendes umfasst:
eine mechanisch mit dem Betätigungshebel verbundene erste Zugstange (30)
eine mechanisch mit der Trennwand (17) verbundene zweite Zugstange (31); jeweils von
der ersten und zweiten Zugstange (30, 31) getragene erste und zweite Greifglieder
(33, 34).
11. Pressvorrichtung nach Anspruch 10, bei der:
die erste Zugstange (30) zu der zweiten Zugstange (31) durch eine Verschiebung des
Betätigungshebels (20) in die Betätigungsposition bewegt werden kann; und
die ersten und zweiten Greifglieder (33, 34) nach dem Annähern der ersten Zugstange
(30) an die zweite Zugstange (31) lösbar miteinander in Eingriff gebracht und nach
Bewegung des Betätigungshebels (20) in die gelöste Position voneinander getrennt werden
können, um eine gegenseitige Bewegung von der ersten und zweiten Zugstange (30, 31)
weg zu gestatten.
12. Pressvorrichtung nach einem oder mehreren der vorangegangenen Ansprüche, die außerdem
mindestens einen Hilfsantriebshebel (40) zur Steuerung der Versetzung der Trennwand
(17) in die zweite Position umfasst.
13. Pressvorrichtung nach einem oder mehreren der vorangegangenen Ansprüche, bei der zwischen
dem Presser (13) in Ruheposition und dem unteren Abschnitt (12) des Beförderungstrichters
(10) eine Entladeöffnung (L) definiert wird.
14. Pressvorrichtung nach Anspruch 13, bei der die genannte Entladeöffnung zwischen dem
Presser und der Trennwand in der ersten Position definiert wird.
15. Pressvorrichtung nach einem oder mehreren der vorangegangenen Ansprüche,
die außerdem einen vom Benutzer zu betätigenden Auslösemechanismus (39) umfasst, um
das Verschieben der Trennwand (17) in die zweite Position unabhängig vom Betätigen
des Pressers (13) herbeizuführen, wobei der Auslösemechanismus (39) einen über ein
entsprechendes Auslösepedal (41) zu betätigenden Hilfshebel (43) zum Steuern der Bewegung
der Trennwand (17) mit Hilfe mindestens einer entsprechenden Hilfszugstange (42) umfasst.
1. Dispositif à compacter pour la collecte de déchets (1), comprenant :
une structure de rétention (2) comportant un orifice d'introduction (3) supérieur
;
un réservoir de chargement (5) agencé à proximité de l'orifice d'introduction (3)
et mobile entre une position de réception, dans laquelle il présente une concavité
(6a) orientée vers l'extérieur vers la structure de rétention (2) afin de réceptionner
au moins un déchet (7), et une position de fermeture, dans laquelle ladite concavité
(6a) est tournée vers l'intérieur vers la structure de rétention (2) ;
une glissière de transfert (10) ayant une partie supérieure (11) agencée pour réceptionner
le déchet (7) du réservoir de chargement (5) et une partie inférieure (12) disposée
au-dessus d'un compartiment de chute (14) ;
un appareil de compression (13) mobile vers la partie inférieure (12) de la glissière
de transfert (10) ;
un levier d'actionnement (20) se détachant vers l'extérieur de la structure de rétention
(2) ;
un mécanisme de commande (19) connecté mécaniquement au levier d'actionnement (20)
pour induire, lors du mouvement du levier d'actionnement (20) depuis une position
de repos vers une position d'actionnement, un mouvement du réservoir de chargement
(5) de la position de fermeture à la position de réception pour permettre l'introduction
dudit déchet (7) dans le réservoir de chargement (5), et un mouvement de l'appareil
de compression (13) vers la glissière de transfert (10) de manière à provoquer un
écrasement du déchet (7) transféré du réservoir de chargement (5) vers la glissière
de transfert (10),
caractérisé en ce que la position inférieure (12) de ladite glissière de transfert (10) comprend une cloison
(17), qui est mobile par rapport à la partie supérieure (11) entre une première position
dans laquelle elle coopère avec l'appareil de compression (13) pour comprimer le déchet
(7), et une deuxième position dans laquelle elle est écartée de l'appareil de compression
(13) pour permettre la chute du déchet (7) dans le compartiment de chute (14).
2. Dispositif selon la revendication 1, dans lequel l'appareil de compression (13) est
configuré pour intercepter le déchet (7) le long de la glissière de transfert (10).
3. Dispositif selon la revendication 1 ou 2, dans lequel l'appareil de compression (13)
est positionné au-dessus de la partie inférieure (12) de la glissière de transfert
(10).
4. Dispositif selon l'une ou plusieurs des revendications précédentes, dans lequel l'appareil
de compression (13) est mobile vers ladite partie inférieure (12) depuis une position
de repos, dans laquelle il dispose d'une surface de butée (13a) orientée vers la glissière
de transfert (10) selon une orientation inclinée, pour s'arrêter sur la partie inférieure
(12), le déchet (7) descendant le long de la glissière de transfert (7).
5. Dispositif selon l'une ou plusieurs des revendications précédentes, dans lequel dans
la première position, la cloison (17) présente une surface de contraste sur le haut,
tournée vers l'appareil de compression (13) et agissant contre le déchet (7) pendant
l'écrasement.
6. Dispositif selon l'une ou plusieurs des revendications précédentes, dans lequel la
cloison (17) peut glisser par rapport à la partie supérieure (11) de la glissière,
et est mobile parallèlement à celle-ci.
7. Dispositif selon l'une ou plusieurs des revendications précédentes, dans lequel, dans
la première position, la cloison mobile (17) s'étend essentiellement à la suite de
la partie supérieure (11) de la glissière de transfert (10), s'éloignant du réservoir
de chargement (5).
8. Dispositif selon l'une ou plusieurs des revendications précédentes, dans lequel, dans
la deuxième position, la cloison (17) est parallèle à la partie supérieure (11), dans
une position inférieure par rapport à celle-ci.
9. Dispositif selon l'une ou plusieurs des revendications précédentes, dans lequel la
cloison (17) est mobile sous l'action du mécanisme de commande (19).
10. Dispositif selon l'une ou plusieurs des revendications précédentes, dans lequel le
mécanisme de commande (19) comprend en outre :
une première barre de liaison (31) connectée mécaniquement à la cloison (17);
une deuxième barre de liaison (31) connectée mécaniquement à la cloison (17);
des premier et deuxième éléments de prise (33, 34) supportés respectivement par les
première et deuxième barres de liaison (30, 31).
11. Dispositif selon la revendication 10, dans lequel :
la première barre de liaison (30) est mobile vers la deuxième barre de liaison (31)
suite à un mouvement du levier d'actionnement (20) vers la position d'actionnement,
et
les premier et deuxième éléments de prise (33, 34) peuvent s'engager de manière réversible
l'un avec l'autre suite au rapprochement de la première barre de liaison (30) vers
la deuxième barre de liaison (31), et se détacher mutuellement suite au mouvement
du levier d'actionnement (20) vers la position de repos, pour permettre un mouvement
réciproque d'éloignement des première et deuxième barres de liaison (30, 31).
12. Dispositif selon l'une ou plusieurs des revendications précédentes, comprenant en
outre, au moins un levier d'entraînement auxiliaire (40) pour le contrôle du déplacement
de la cloison (17) vers la deuxième position.
13. Dispositif selon l'une ou plusieurs des revendications précédentes, dans lequel un
port de décharge (L) est défini entre l'appareil de compression (13) dans la position
de repos et la partie inférieure (12) de la glissière de transfert (10).
14. Dispositif selon la revendication 13, dans lequel le port de décharge est défini entre
l'appareil de compression et la cloison dans la première position.
15. Dispositif selon l'une ou plusieurs des revendications précédentes, comprenant en
outre, un mécanisme de libération (39) pouvant être activé par l'utilisateur pour
faire passer la cloison (17) en la deuxième position, indépendamment de l'actionnement
de l'appareil de compression (13), le mécanisme de libération (39) comprenant un levier
auxiliaire (43) pouvant être activé par une pédale de libération respective (41),
pour contrôler le mouvement de la cloison (17) par au moins une barre de liaison auxiliaire
respective (42).