Pre-product for a dry transformer high voltage coil

Description

[0001] The invention is related to a method for manufacturing a dry transformer high voltage coil according to the preamble of claim 1.

[0002] US 3,263,196 A shows such a method, namely a method of construction of encapsulated electrical coils for stationary induction apparatus. EP 0 012 542 A1 discloses a method of making heat curable adhesive coated insulation for transformers. A resin system may contain pigments for coloring.

[0003] It is known that coils for dry transformers in high voltage applications, for example with a rated voltage in the range of 6kV to 36kV, comprise an electrical conductor, which is wound layer wise in radially adjacent layers around a winding axis. The axial winding direction typically changes inbetween radially adjacent winding layers so that a meander-like winding scheme is gained. Thus during operation of such a coil a voltage difference inbetween adjacent layers occurs, which is lowest, at this axial end of a layer, where the conductor is fed up to the radially above laying layer and which is highest at the axial opposite end of the respective layer.

[0004] In order to avoid any electrical breakdown inbetween adjacent layers during operation of the coil, it is usual to provide an additional laminar insulation layer inbetween. This is for example made from a band-like wound prepreg material. Prepreg is a resin impregnated band material wherein the resin is in B-stage. So the resin respectively the band material is of harder consistency, wherein it has to become transferred to its final stage by a curing process at for example 150°C - 170°C. During this curing process the resin is melting back into a liquid state again and solidifies into a crystalline structure with extremely hard consistency. So an interim insulation layer is transformed to a final insulation layer by a curing process.

[0005] In order to improve the insulation ability of such an additional insulation layer the number of voids respectively cavities, which are not filled with resin, has to be reduced as much as possible to avoid partial discharge.

[0006] Disadvantageously within the state of the art is that a wound interim insulation layer typically comprises several voids especially in the wedge-shaped areas inbetween adjacent conductors within the same layer. Thus during the curing process there is not sufficient melted resin for filling the whole space inbetween the wound conductors and the quality of the final insulation layer is reduced therewith.

[0007] It is objective of the invention to provide a pre-product for a dry transformer high voltage coil with interim laminar insulation layer inbetween adjacent layers of conductors, which affords the manufacturing of a dry transformer high voltage coil with improved insulation layer by a curing process.

[0008] The problem is solved by a method according to claim 1.

[0009] The amount of voids is reduced by providing outer insulation layers with a soft consistency. So the conductor loops which are wound on an outer layer with soft consistency are embedded therein, preferably with half of their diameter. Due to the embedding also the wedge shaped areas inbetween the conductors are filled with the material of soft consistency in an advantageous way. After curing the soft material it will be of hard consistency and suitable insulation material for the insulation layer of the coil.

[0010] In order to ensure an electrically required minimum insulation thickness inbetween radially adjacent layers of conductors the interim laminar insulation layer comprises an inner insulation layer of hard consistency which is not considerably caveable so that its thickness is not reduced by the winding process whilst that a radial pressure is applied. An outer insulation layer of soft consistency is foreseen on both sides of the inner layer so that as well conductors which are under the interim insulation layer as conductors which are above the interim insulation layers are embedded therein.

[0011] Thus the number of voids in the interim insulation layer of the pre-product for a coil is reduced in an advantageous way and the number of voids in the cured final insulation layer therewith. The insulation ability of such a layer is improved in an advantageous way.

[0012] The consistency of the material of the inner insulation layer is as hard, that its thickness profile is not considerably caved while winding the adjacent layer of electrical conductors thereon during manufacturing process. An electrically required minimum insulation thickness inbetween adjacent layer of conductors is ensured therewith. Dependent on the electrical requirements it can be useful to adapt the thickness of the inner insulation layer along the axial length of the coil so that a wedge shaped cross section of the insulation layer is formed.

[0013] The consistency of the material of the outer insulation layers is as soft that its thickness profile is nearly form-locking caved while the adjacent layer of conductors are wound thereon during manufacturing process. The coil is manufactured from the radial inner layers of conductors respectively insulation to the radial outer layers. So a layer of conductors is embedded into an outer insulation layer and afterwards an outer insulation layer is applied on the layer of conductors. In the ideal case each loop of the layer of conductors is totally embedded in outer insulation layers so that no voids are present in the interim insulation layer.

[0014] The inner insulation layer comprises a foil. A foil has the advantage, that it has a constant thickness and is as hard, that the thickness is not significantly reduced when a pressure is applied thereon. A constant thickness even under pressure conditions affords a minimum insulation ability of the whole insulation layer. A suitable material for the foil is for example Kapton or PE wherein a suitable thickness is in the range of 100 µm to 3.5mm.

[0015] The foil may be covered with a coating that glues the single layers of the interim insulation layer together during the curing process. In contrast to resin a foil will not be molten during a curing process. Thus it has to be ensured, that a void-free adhesion of the foil with the both adjacent outer layers is gained. A suitable material for glue is for example resin-based, preferably resin in 'B' stage, what means, that it is in a flexible solid state wherein after remelting the resin in 'B' stage by a curing process a hardening process is initiated. Prepreg is a band-like material with resin in the 'B' stage.

[0016] The outer insulation layers may have a varying thickness profile corresponding roughly to the outer shape of the layer of conductors to be embedded therein. The cross section of a typical electrical conductor is round so that a helical wedge-shaped area inbetween adjacent loops of conductors is built. Accordingly the shape of the not yet impressed outer insulation layer is thicker in the helical wedge-shaped area. In this case the deformation of the outer insulation layer is not as high if the layer of conductors is wound thereon.

[0017] The outer insulation layers may comprise a resin impregnateable and/or resin impregnated material. In order to reduce the number of voids within the insulation material the resin is in the liquid state wherein the resin might become applied during the winding process of the transformer coil or shortly before.

[0018] The outer insulation layers comprise polyester felt. This is a material with a sufficient soft consistency which additionally has the ability to suck up liquid resin like a sponge. Thus the number of voids in the outer insulation layer is reduced in an advantageous way.

[0019] According to the invention, the resin impregnateable material respectively the polyester felt is of different color than the resin for impregnation. This facilitates an optical control of the quality of impregnation of the polyester felt. In case that the Polyester felt is of white color and the resin is of black color the impregnated and not impressed polyester felt would be of dark grey color. Any areas of poor impregnation would be white or light gray. Of course also other combinations of colors with a preferably high contrast are suitable.

[0020] According to another embodiment of the invention the interim laminar insulation layer has been impregnated at least in part during applying it on the layer of electrical conductors thereunder. Thus it is ensured that potential voids in the edge are of inner and outer insulation layers for example are completely filled with liquid resin. In case that there is more resin than voids to be filled the dispensable resin is remaining on the surface of the coil for impregnating further layers which will be applied thereon.

[0021] The problem is solved by a method for manufacturing a dry transformer high voltage coil, comprising the step of applying heat on a pre-product for a dry transformer high voltage coil. During such a curing process a temperature of for example 200°C is applied for 2 hours so that the resin can be completely hardened therewith. After the curing process the formally soft outer insulation layer and the inner layer are combined to a consistent insulation layer of hard consistency.

[0022] A dry transformer high voltage coil has been manufactured according to the aforementioned method of the invention. Thus the quality of the insulation layers is improved by reducing the number of voids therein.

[0023] Further advantageous embodiments of the invention are mentioned in the dependent claims.

[0024] The invention will now be further explained by means of an exemplary embodiment and with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

Figure 1

shows an exemplary pre-product for a dry transformer high voltage coil in 1 st stage,

Figure 2

shows an exemplary pre-product for a dry transformer high voltage coil in 2nd stage,

Figure 3

shows an exemplary pre-product for a dry transformer high voltage coil in 3rd stage,

Figure 4

shows an exemplary pre-product for a dry transformer high voltage coil in 4th stage,

Figure 5

shows an exemplary pre-product for a dry transformer high voltage coil in 5th stage,

Figure 6

shows an exemplary pre-product for a dry transformer high voltage coil in 6th stage,

Figure 7

shows an exemplary pre-product for a dry transformer high voltage coil in final stage,

Figure 8

shows an exemplary dry transformer high voltage coil

[0025] Figure 1 shows an exemplary pre-product for a dry transformer high voltage coil in 1st stage of its production in a sketch 10. A layer 12 of conductor loops 14, 16, 18 is spirally wound around a winding axis 22 on a bobbin 22.

[0026] Figure 2 shows an exemplary pre-product for a dry transformer high voltage coil in 2nd stage of its production in a sketch 30. Here an outer insulation layer 32 of soft consistency, in this case strip-shaped polyester felt, has been wound around the layer of conductors. Since the material of the outer insulation layer 32 is soft, the outer shape of the layer of conductors is caved therein.

[0027] Figure 3 shows an exemplary pre-product for a dry transformer high voltage coil in 3rd stage of its production in a sketch 40. Here the outer insulation layer 42 has been impregnated with a liquid resin also in the wedged areas inbetween the loops of conductors.

[0028] Figure 4 shows an exemplary pre-product for a dry transformer high voltage coil in 4^th stage of its production in a sketch 50. Here an inner insulation layer 52, in this case a polyester foil, has been applied on the impregnated outer insulation layer.

[0029] Figure 5 shows an exemplary pre-product for a dry transformer high voltage coil in 5^th stage of its production in a sketch 60. An outer insulation 62 layer from polyester felt has been applied on the inner insulation layer.

[0030] Figure 6 shows an exemplary pre-product for a dry transformer high voltage coil in 6^th stage of its production in a sketch 70. The outer insulation layer 72 from polyester felt has been impregnated with liquid resin.

[0031] Figure 7 shows an exemplary pre-product for a dry transformer high voltage coil in final stage of its production in a sketch 90. Here a second layer 94 of conductors has been wound around the insulation layer and the first layer 92 of conductors below. Of course a real coil might comprise significant more layers of electrical conductors and insulation layers inbetween.

[0032] Figure 8 shows an exemplary dry transformer high voltage coil in a sketch 100. Due to a curing process the interim insulation layer with its inner and two outer insulation layers is now converted into a consistent solid final insulation layer 102.

List of reference signs

[0033] 

10

exemplary pre-product for a dry transformer high voltage coil in 1st stage

12

fist layer of wound electrical conductors

14

first conductor loop of first layer

16

second conductor loop of first layer

18

third conductor loop of first layer

20

bobbin

22

axis of rotation

30

exemplary pre-product for a dry transformer high voltage coil in 2nd stage

32

outer insulation layer

40

exemplary pre-product for a dry transformer high voltage coil in 3rd stage

42

outer insulation layer impregnated with resin

50

exemplary pre-product for a dry transformer high voltage coil in 4th stage

52

inner insulation layer

60

exemplary pre-product for a dry transformer high voltage coil in 5th stage

62

outer insulation layer

70

exemplary pre-product for a dry transformer high voltage coil in 6th stage

72

interim insulation layer

74

outer insulation layer

76

inner insulation layer

78

outer insulation layer

90

exemplary pre-product for a dry transformer high voltage coil in final stage

92

fist layer of wound electrical conductors

94

second layer of wound electrical conductors

100

exemplary dry transformer high voltage coil

102

final insulation layer

Claims

1. Method for manufacturing a dry transformer high voltage coil comprising the step of applying heat on a pre-product for a dry transformer high voltage coil, comprising at least two radially adjacent layers (12, 92, 94) of a wound electrical conductor (14, 16, 18) with an interim laminar insulation layer (72) inbetween, wherein the interim insulation layer (72) is foreseen to be transformed to a final insulation layer (102) by curing process, wherein the interim insulation layer (72) comprises an inner (76) and two outer (32, 42, 62) insulation layers, wherefrom the inner one (76) is of hard consistency and the outer ones (32, 42, 62) are of soft consistency, wherein the inner insulation layer (76) comprises a foil, wherein the consistency of the material of the inner insulation layer (76) is as hard, that its thickness profile is not considerably caved while winding the adjacent layer (12, 92, 94) of electrical conductors (14, 16, 18) thereon during manufacturing process, wherein the consistency of the material of the outer insulation layers (32, 42, 62) is as soft that its thickness profile is nearly form-locking caved while winding the adjacent layer (12, 92, 94) of conductors (14, 16, 18) thereon during manufacturing process and wherein the outer insulation layers (32, 42, 62) comprise a resin impregnateable material,
characterized in that
the outer insulation layers (32, 42, 62) have been impregnated with resin, wherein the resin impregnateable material is a polyester felt which is of different color than the impregnating resin, wherein a combination of colors with high contrast is used to facilitate an optical control of the quality of impregnation of the polyester felt.

2. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the foil is covered with a coating that glues the interim insulation layer (72) together during the curing process.

3. Method according to any of the previous claims, characterized in that the outer insulation layers (32, 42, 62) have a varying thickness profile corresponding roughly to the outer shape of the layer (12, 92, 94) of conductors (14, 16, 18) to be embedded therein.

4. Method according to one of the previous claims, characterized in that the interim laminar insulation layer (72) has been impregnated at least in part during applying it on the layer (12, 92, 94) of electrical conductors (14, 16, 18) thereunder.

Ansprüche

1. Verfahren zum Herstellen einer Trockentransformator-Hochspannungsspule, umfassend den Schritt des Anwendens von Wärme auf ein Vorprodukt für eine Trockentransformator-Hochspannungsspule, umfassend mindestens zwei radial benachbarte Schichten (12, 92, 94) eines gewickelten elektrischen Leiters (14, 16, 18) mit einer vorläufigen laminaren Isolationsschicht (72) dazwischen, wobei die vorläufige Isolationsschicht (72) dazu vorgesehen ist, durch einen Aushärtungsprozess in eine endgültige Isolationsschicht (102) umgewandelt zu werden, wobei die vorläufige Isolationsschicht (72) eine innere (76) und zwei äußere (32, 42, 62) Isolationsschichten umfasst, von denen die innere (76) eine harte Konsistenz aufweist und die äußeren (32, 42, 62) eine weiche Konsistenz aufweisen, wobei die innere Isolationsschicht (76) eine Folie umfasst, wobei die Konsistenz des Materials der inneren Isolationsschicht (76) so hart ist, dass ihr Dickenprofil nicht wesentlich nachgibt, wenn während des Herstellungsprozesses die benachbarte Schicht (12, 92, 94) elektrischer Leiter (14, 16, 18) darauf gewickelt wird, wobei die Konsistenz des Materials der äußeren Isolationsschichten (32, 42, 62) so weich ist, dass ihr Dickenprofil nahezu formschlüssig nachgibt, wenn während des Herstellungsprozesses die benachbarte Schicht (12, 92, 94) von Leitern (14, 16, 18) darauf gewickelt wird, und wobei die äußeren Isolationsschichten (32, 42, 62) ein mit Harz imprägnierbares Material umfassen,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
die äußeren Isolationsschichten (32, 42, 62) mit Harz imprägniert wurden, wobei es sich bei dem mit Harz imprägnierbaren Material um ein Polyesterfilz handelt, das eine andere Farbe als das Imprägnierharz aufweist, wobei eine Kombination aus Farben mit hohem Kontrast verwendet wird, um eine optische Kontrolle der Imprägnierungsqualität des Polyesterfilzes zu erleichtern.

2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Folie mit einer Beschichtung bedeckt ist, die die vorläufige Isolationsschicht (72) während des Aushärtungsprozesses zusammenklebt.

3. Verfahren nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die äußeren Isolationsschichten (32, 42, 62) ein variierendes Dickenprofil aufweisen, das etwa der äußeren Form der Schicht (12, 92, 94) von darin einzubettenden Leitern (14, 16, 18) entspricht.

4. Verfahren nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die vorläufige laminare Isolationsschicht (72) zumindest teilweise während ihres Aufbringens auf die Schicht (12, 92, 94) elektrischer Leiter (14, 16, 18) darunter imprägniert wurde.

Revendications

1. Procédé de fabrication d'une bobine haute tension de transformateur non immergé comprenant l'étape consistant à appliquer de la chaleur sur un préproduit d'une bobine haute tension de transformateur non immergé, comprenant au moins deux couches adjacentes radialement (12,92,94) d'un conducteur électrique enroulé (14, 16, 18) entre lesquelles se trouve une couche d'isolation laminaire intermédiaire (72), dans lequel la couche d'isolation intermédiaire (72) est prévue pour être transformée en une couche d'isolation finale (102) par un processus de durcissement, dans lequel la couche d'isolation intermédiaire (72) comprend une couche d'isolation interne (76) et deux couches d'isolation externes (32, 42, 62), la couche interne (76) étant de consistance dure et les couches externes (32, 42, 62) étant de consistance souple, dans lequel la couche d'isolation interne (76) comprend une feuille, dans lequel la consistance du matériau de la couche d'isolation interne (76) est tellement dure que son profil d'épaisseur n'est pas considérablement creusé pendant l'enroulement de la couche adjacente (12, 92, 94) de conducteurs électriques (14, 16, 18) sur celle-ci pendant le processus de fabrication, dans lequel la consistance du matériau des couches d'isolation externes (32, 42, 62) est tellement souple que son profil d'épaisseur est pratiquement creusé de manière emboîtante pendant l'enroulement de la couche adjacente (12, 92, 94) de conducteurs (14, 16, 18) sur celle-ci pendant le processus de fabrication et dans lequel les couches d'isolation externes (32, 42, 62) comprennent un matériau pouvant être imprégné d'une résine,
caractérisé en ce que
les couches d'isolation externes (32, 42, 62) ont été imprégnées d'une résine, dans lequel le matériau pouvant être imprégné d'une résine est un feutre en polyester qui est d'une couleur différente de celle de la résine imprégnée, dans lequel une combinaison de couleurs ayant un contraste élevé est utilisée pour faciliter une commande optique de la qualité d'imprégnation du feutre en polyester.

2. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la feuille est couverte d'un revêtement qui colle la couche d'isolation intermédiaire (72) ensemble pendant le processus de durcissement.

3. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que les couches d'isolation externes (32, 42, 62) ont un profil d'épaisseur variable correspondant grossièrement à la forme externe de la couche (12, 92, 94) de conducteurs (14, 16, 18) devant être incluse en son sein.

4. Procédé selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que la couche d'isolation laminaire intermédiaire (72) a été imprégnée au moins en partie pendant son application sur la couche (12, 92, 94) de conducteurs électriques (14, 16, 18) en dessous.

Drawing