TECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The present invention relates to a building element comprising such fire-resistant
insert as well as to a method of manufacturing such building element. The invention
is applicable to different building constructions supporting glasswork or other types
of panes for which fire-resistance is required. Said construction might be building
facades, windows, roofs or doors for providing a fire- barrier.
PRIOR ART
[0002] There is a continuous need for structural elements, for example windows or doors
with an increased fire resistance. Typically metal profiles are used for such fire
proof structural elements, advantageously aluminum profiles because of their light
weight. However frame structures which are made of aluminum lose their loadbearing
abilities in high temperatures caused by a fire and start melting. There have been
a lot of trials in the area of enhancing aluminum construction resistance against
the fire so as they meet appropriate law regulations. On one hand such fire-resistance
might be achieved by designing additional support components providing fallback loadbearing
abilities to aluminum profiles when they start to melt. On the other hand said fire-resistance
might be achieved by protecting main aluminum profiles by introducing an additional
material providing additional thermal barrier so as to retard melting process of aluminum
profiles.
[0003] In current designs, fire-resistant building elements, e.g. aluminum profiles for
frame structures combine both types of fire-proof enhancing means, namely fire resistant
insert and additional reinforcement elements. Known reinforcement elements are additional
extruded part inside/outside the main profile or additional elements made from other
material of a higher melting point and fastened inside/outside of the profile, while
typical known fire-resistance insert comprises a volume of a composite cooling material
which fills a hollow section of a profile. Inserts which fill completely the profile
might be introduced in a liquid form during one of the steps of the production process.
Such solution is known for example from
EP 0686735.
[0004] What is common for such known designs is that such fire-resistant insert must be
placed within the building element before the main aluminum profile become an object
of a final treatment. The purpose of such final treatment might be coloring or providing
the profile with some other aesthetic features. For example a lot of companies provide
currently choice of colour finishes options in case of not fire-proof profiles. However
such final treatment of an aluminum profile is performed often in high temperatures
which in case of fire-resistant building elements would cause the composite material
of the fire-proof insert to be useless or importantly less effective. The composite
material of the fire-resistant insert become exposed to the action of heat and some
irreversible changes in the material properties occur. On the other hand, starting
the production process from the final treatment of the main aluminum profile is not
possible since the finishing layer is very fragile and would not support the whole
production process without damages.
[0005] The above mentioned problems have been partially resolved by another design of a
fire-resistant insert. There are inserts which fill profiles partially or completely
and are specifically formed in the solid state so as to have a form of a slab or other
suitable form to be introduced and fixed in a required position within a profile after
final treatment of aluminum profiles. Such solutions are known for example from
US5694731. Further,
EP 1 120 504 A2 describes a fire-resistant building element according to the preamble of claim 1.
However fastening of multiple slabs or other shaped insert parts is a complex and
time-consuming process and cause still a high risk of damaging already colored profiles.
DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION
[0006] It is an object of the invention to provide a building element comprising a fire
insert allowing final treatment of said fire-resistant building element in high temperatures
without damaging fire retarding properties of the composite material of the insert
while guaranteeing also reinforcement features and simplifying process of assembling.
Another object of the invention is to provide an easy and efficient production process
of fire-resistant buildings elements meeting esthetic requirements of clients.
[0007] According to one aspect this object is achieved by providing a fire-resistant building
element (200) for supporting a glasswork (400), comprising a main metal hollow profile
(201) forming a main chamber (202) and a pressure plate profile (210) for pressing
down the glasswork (400) to be placed in said building element between the main metal
hollow profile (201) and the pressure plate profile (210), sealing means placed between
the main metal hollow profile (201) and the glasswork (400) to be supported by the
fire-resistant building element, said main metal hollow profile (201) having a glasswork
side (201a) and at least two lateral walls (201b, 201c) and a protruding fastening
member (203) protruding outwardly from a central section (201g) of the glasswork side
(201a) for receiving fastening means, said fire-resistant building element (200) wherein
a fire-resistant insert (100) is fixedly placed inside the main metal hollow profile
(201) so as to border on at least the glasswork side (201a) of the main metal hollow
profile (201) said fire-resistant insert (100) comprising an external tubular profile
(101) forming a first chamber (102), said external tubular profile (101) having at
least one glasswork side (101a) shaped for bordering on at least glasswork side of
said main metal hollow profile (201) from its interior, an internal tubular profile
(103) arranged inside said external tubular profile (101) and forming a second chamber
(104) inside said first chamber (102), said internal tubular profile (103) and said
external tubular profile (101) being fixedly interconnected on two facing glasswork
sides (101a, 103a), a composite material (110) filling at least partially the first
chamber (102), and wherein said internal tubular profile (103) and said external tubular
profile (101) are fixedly interconnected on two facing glasswork sides (101a, 103a)
by at least two bridging elements (105) so as to form at least one screw means receiving
chamber (106) between the two interconnected facing glasswork sides (101a, 103a) of
the internal and external profiles (101,103), and wherein the screw means can enter
the screw means receiving chamber (106) of the fire resistant insert and further enter
the second chamber (104) of the fire-resistant insert.
[0008] By providing a fire-resistant building element with fire-resistant insert build of
two profiles, internal and external, the insert, connected one to each other, a function
of reinforcement element is achieved.
[0009] Thanks to the fire-resistant building element with fire-resistant insert having the
composite material inside a specifically shaped external profile matching the section
of the main profile of the building element it is possible to introduce said insert
in a safe and easy manner into the interior of the main profile of the building element
so as not to damage the exterior of the building element.
[0010] By providing appropriate connections between metal parts of the insert and by filling
it between by a composite cooling material, the fire-resistant insert becomes an integral
part ready for application in fire-resistant building element. There is no need to
build it from numerous parts (separate reinforcement elements, separate cooling material
tabs) which improves manufacturing process.
[0011] Thanks to the fact that the fire-resistant insert as a whole is a uniform part, the
integrality between the composite cooling material and the internal (core) profile
of the insert is kept much more longer during the fire, which enhances its fire resistance
performance and fire resistance performance of fire-resistant building element.
[0012] Advantageously, the composite material is filing additionally at least partially
the second chamber.
[0013] By providing the cooling composite material also in the second (core) chamber of
the fire-resistant insert, when exposed to the action of heat after the external profile
have melted, the internal (core) profile is cooled from both sides so as it is secured
longer against high temperature and melting .
[0014] Advantageously, the internal tubular profile comprises at least one longitudinal
protrusion protruding outwardly and having a T-shaped cross-section.
[0015] Additional longitudinal protrusions extending outwardly from the internal profile
of the fire-resistant insert keep longer the integrality of the insert, by causing
the cooling composite material, even if it started fissuring, not to separate from
the internal profile, thus securing longer the internal profile against temperature
and melting.
[0016] By providing a fire-resistant building element with a fire-resistant insert configured
to be easily insertable at any production step of the fire-resistant building element,
it is possible for example to colour the external surface of the fire-resistant building
element in high temperatures without said insert, thus not causing the fire-resistant
insert to lose its properties. Heating of the coating powder for varnish requires
a temperature of 200 C and at that time the composite cooling material lose at least
partially its features.
[0017] By providing a fire-resistant insert which is comprised of at least two profiles
the fire resistant building element gains reinforcement elements which form fallback
loadbearing structure when the main hollow profile starts melting.
[0018] Other advantages arise from a special form of the fire resistant insert thanks to
which it borders on at least the hollow glasswork side of the main profile and allows
the transfer of the heat to the cooling composite material to be as efficient as possible.
[0019] Preferably, the composite material is filing additionally at least partially the
second chamber.
[0020] Because the fire-resistant insert comprises also the composite cooling material in
the second (core chamber), the fire-resistant building element keeps longer its loadbearing
capability. Namely, the fallback reinforcement element which is the core profile of
the fire-resistant element is cooled from both sides which retards melting of the
core profile.
[0021] In a preferred embodiment, the internal tubular profile comprises at least one longitudinal
protrusion protruding outwardly and having a T-shaped cross-section.
[0022] According to the invention, said internal tubular profile and said external tubular
profile being fixedly interconnected on two facing glasswork sides by at least two
bridging elements so as to form at least one screw means receiving chamber between
the two interconnected facing glasswork sides of the internal and external profiles.
[0023] By providing a screw means receiving chamber between the two interconnected facing
glasswork sides of the internal and external profiles of the fire-resistant insert
it is possible to precisely and stably fasten the fire-resistant not only to main
hollow profile of the building element but also to the pressure plate profile. Appropriate
screw means might pass till the bottom of said screw means receiving chamber or even
pass via its bottom to enter the internal (core) profile of the fire-resistant element
so as to guarantee stable holding of all components of the building element in position
and limiting the ripping of screw means in high temperatures.
[0024] Advantageously said at least one screw means receiving chamber is threaded.
[0025] Advantageously, the external tubular profile comprises at least two lateral sides
which are shaped for at least partially bordering on at the lateral walls of said
main metal hollow profile from its interior.
[0026] By appropriately shaping the lateral walls of the external profile of the fire-resistant
insert it is possible to provide a direct contact of said insert with the main hollow
profile on the biggest surface as possible. This enhances heat transfer to the fire-resistant
insert and improve the cooling function of the insert.
[0027] Preferably, the glasswork side of the main metal hollow profile comprises two flat
lateral sections and a C - shaped central section, said flat lateral sections being
aligned and connected with the ends of the arms of the C-shaped central section and
wherein the lateral walls of the main hollow profile have prolonged sections so as
to form with the flat lateral sections and the arms of the C-shaped central section
screw means insertion cavities, having a bottom for passing screw means and side walls
for guiding screw means, wherein the glasswork side of the fire-resistant insert has
lateral sections shaped so as to border on the bottom of said screw means insertion
cavities for passing screw means into the fire-resistant insert so as to fixedly place
the fire-resistant insert inside the main metal hollow profile .
[0028] Because of a specific shape of the glasswork side of the fire-resistant insert so
as it borders on at the whole glasswork side of the main profile of the building element,
especially on the bottoms of the screw means insertion cavities, it is possible to
easy, efficiently and stably fasten the fire-resistant insert to the main profile
of the building element by appropriate screw means.
[0029] Preferably, the pressure plate profile is fixed to the main metal hollow profile
and to the fire-resistant insert by means of screw means so as the screw means enter
the screw means receiving chamber of the fire-resistant insert or so as the screw
means enter the screw means receiving chamber of the fire-resistant insert and further
enter the second chamber of the fire-resistant insert.
[0030] Thanks to a specific shape of the fire-resistant insert which is provided with appropriate
chamber for inserting screw means so as a stable positioning of the insert within
the profile and a connection with the pressure plate is achieved, it is possible to
obtain a fire resistant building element based on any type of non fire-resistant aluminum
profile. As a consequence production costs are reduced as the basis profiles can be
sold both as a non-fire-resistant or fire resistant after a simple modification.
[0031] In another preferred embodiment the hollow main profile and the fire-resistant insert
are provided with at least one bore for inserting a peg for fastening to another fire-resistant
building element.
[0032] The shape of the external aluminum profile of the fire-resistant insert which is
mostly complementary to the one of the main hollow aluminum profile allows stable
fastening of said fire resistant insert together with the main profile to another
building elements only by one fastening means which gives a very stable connection.
[0033] Yet in another aspect of the invention there is provided a method of manufacturing
a fire-resistant building element according to claim 9.
[0034] Preferably, the step of providing a fire-resistant element comprises additionally
filing the second chamber at least partially with the composite material.
[0035] Preferably, the step of providing a fire-resistant element comprises extruding the
second internal tubular profile additionally with at least one longitudinal protrusion
protruding outwardly and having a T-shaped cross-section.
[0036] Preferably, the step of providing a fire-resistant element comprises extruding the
second internal tubular profile additionally with at least one longitudinal protrusion
protruding outwardly and having a T-shaped cross-section.
[0037] A separate step of providing an integral fire resistant insert which is constituted
from several parts and which apart cooling properties possess loadbearing capabilities
allows very simple and less time-consuming assembling of a fire resistant building
element previously coated with a final layer which provides esthetic features. Moreover
such approach to assembly of fire-resistant building elements allows an easy modification
of any type of non-fire-resistant aluminum profile into a fire-resistant aluminum
profile.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0038] Features and advantages of the invention disclosed herein will be better understood
with respect to the following description of several embodiments, provided with reference
to the accompanying drawings, in which:
FIG.1 shows an exploded cross-sectional view of the building element with a main hollow
profile suitable for receiving a fire-resistant insert according to the invention,
FIG. 2 shows a cross-sectional view of the fire-resistant insert in accordance with
one embodiment of the invention,
FIG. 3 shows a cross-sectional view of the building element with the fire resistant
insert before mounting pegs in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention,
FIG. 4 shows an exploded cross-sectional view of the building element with the fire
resistant insert and screwing means as well pegs in accordance with another embodiment
of the invention,
FIG. 5 shows a cross-sectional view of the building element with the fire resistant
insert after mounting pegs, in accordance with one embodiment of the invention.
[0039] Identical elements or elements having the same function are provided with the same
reference numbers in the figures.
[0040] It should be understood that the embodiments and attached drawings are provided for
exemplary purposes only and should not be seen as limiting the scope of the invention.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
[0041] In the present application the term "means" is understood as one or more elements.
[0042] Figure 1 shows a building element 200 suitable for receiving a fire-resistant insert
100 according to the invention. Such building element 200 usually comprises at least
one aluminum profile 201 which is a hollow extruded profile. The building element
200 might have a function of a pillar (post, mullion) or a beam (interconnecting,
transom profile), for supporting a glasswork or other type of panels. From such building
elements 200 can be formed windows or doors frames or any other building construction
such as glassed or panelled walls.
[0043] Typically, said at least one hollow aluminum profile 201 is of substantially rectangular
cross-section, however other shapes are possible. In addition it possess some specifically
shaped curved sections or protruding parts for cooperating with another components
of the building element 200. In particular the main aluminum profile 201 have two
lateral walls 201b, 201c, a glasswork side 201a and an interior side 201d. The glasswork
side 201a comprises two flat lateral sections 201e, 201f and a C - shaped central
section 201g, said flat lateral sections 201e, 201f being aligned and connected with
the ends of the arms of the C-shaped central section 201g. The lateral walls 201b,
201c of the main hollow profile 201 are prolonged toward the glasswork by prolonged
sections 201h, 201i so as to form with the flat lateral sections 201e, 201f and the
arms of the C-shaped central section 201g screw means insertion cavities 206a, 206b.
The flat lateral sections 201e, 201f form a bottom for passing screw means 301 while
the arms of the C-shaped central section 201g and prolonged sections 201h, 201i form
side walls for guiding screw means 301.
[0044] Said screw means insertion cavities 206, when considered in three dimensions, they
have a form of recesses extending along the whole profile 201. The screw means insertion
cavities 206 comprise in their interior several protrusions having form of ribs 205
protruding outwardly so as to form at the entrance to said screw means insertion cavities
206 internal glazing gasket receiving cavities 207.
[0045] Internal glazing gaskets 208 are configured to be inserted into said internal glazing
gasket receiving cavities 207 and are utilized to an airtight seal on the interior
side of the building element 200.
[0046] The building element 200 comprises further a pressure plate 210, a washer 211, and
external glazing gaskets 212a, 212b to be fastened to the main hollow profile 201
from the other side of the glasswork 400 in order to fasten in a stable manner the
glasswork 400 to the building element 200 playing role of a support structure for
said glasswork 400. The pressure plate 210 is advantageously an aluminum profile.
[0047] The external glazing gaskets 208 are configured to be inserted into specifically
shaped cavities in the pressure plate 210 and are utilized to an airtight seal on
the interior side of the building element 200.
[0048] The fire-resistant building element 200 further comprises a protruding fastening
member 203 for receiving screw means 302 and 303 which connect to the main hollow
profile 201 all other components of the building element arranged on the other side
of the glasswork 400. The protruding fastening member 203 protrudes outwardly from
the central section 201g of the glasswork side 201a of the fire resistant building
element 200 so as to extend at least partially also between two glasswork pieces 400.
The protruding fastening member 203 is fork-shaped so as to form a recess for receiving
the end of the screw means 302.
[0049] The glasswork 400 is generally arranged between the main metal hollow profile 201
and the pressure plate profile 210. For example, the glasswork 400 can be a fire resistant
double glass unit 400.
[0050] A washer 211, preferably made of stainless steel, is utilized to provide glass holding
function in case of fire exposure from the external side of the construction (when
pressure plates profiles melt). A cover 213 made of aluminum is fixed on the pressure
plate 210 so as to cover bolts 301 used to fasten the pressure plate 210, the washer
211 and the external glazing gaskets 212 to the main hollow profile 201.
[0051] Moreover, as mentioned earlier, several screw means 301, 302, 303 are used to connect
different parts of the building element 200 one to each other, as shown later in Fig.3-5.
The person skilled in the art will appreciate that bolts or screws or other fastening
means can be used. In particular pegs 303 can be used to fasten one building element
200 to another one, for example a column profile to a beam profile. It will be also
understood that appropriate holes (not shown) are provided in the main hollow profile
201 for inserting the above mentioned screw means 301, 302, 303.
[0052] Figure 2 shows a fire-resistant insert 100 for a fire-resistant building element
according to the invention. The fire-resistant insert 100 comprises an external tubular
profile 101 which forms a first chamber 102 and an internal tubular profile 103, which
forms a second chamber 104 inside the first chamber 102. Both tubular profiles 101,
103 are made of the same material as the main hollow profile 101, namely from aluminum.
[0053] It is known that aluminum melts at lower temperatures than steel, at about 650 C°
and has very high heat conductivity. Based on the fact that normal fires often reach
temperatures of about 850 C° it is necessary to insulate the building elements and
prevent the heat transfer from one side of the aluminum profile exposed to the fire
to the other side.
[0054] That is why the first chamber 102 of the fire resistant insert 100 is at least partially
filled by a composite material 110 which is adapted to provide fire protection. The
composite material 110 is any type of material exhibiting water holding capabilities
and for example can be a mixture containing concrete, which acts as a cooling material,
slowing the spread of fire and acting as heat insulator.
[0055] The present standards for fire resistance have high demands to such building elements
that shall withstand fire load for example 30 minutes or 60 minutes and more for different
applications. That is why the fire resistant insert 100 according to the invention
might have not the same construction as shown in Figure 2 for different applications.
For example it might have only the external tubular profile 101 and be fully filled
with the composite material 110 if the fire-resistance requirements are not very high.
[0056] In case of higher fire-resistance demands the fire resistant insert 100 according
to the invention comprises, as mentioned earlier, the second chamber 104 defined by
the internal tubular profile 103 which can have substantially rectangular shape.
[0057] In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the second chamber 104 is also filled
with the composite material 110, which further boosts fire retardant capabilities
of the fire-resistant insert 100. The internal (core) tubular profile 103 enhances
loadbearing abilities once the external tubular profile 101 has started melting.
[0058] In one embodiment of the invention, the internal tubular profile 103 can comprise
a plurality of longitudinal protrusions 107 spaced along its circumference and having
a T-shaped cross-section. Preferably, a set of such protrusions 107 are arranged on
each side of the internal tubular profile 103.
[0059] Said protrusions 107 strengthen locally the internal tubular profile 103 and prevent
the composite material 110, even in case of fissuring, from leaving the volume of
the first chamber 102 as well as the second chamber 104, namely in case when the integrity
of the internal tubular profile 103 is compromised, for example due to high temperature.
The longitudinal protrusions 107 act as a framework which hold the composite material
110, thus securing longer the internal tubular profile 103 against temperature and
melting.
[0060] According to the invention shown in Figure 2 the external tubular profile 101 and
the internal tubular profile 103 are fixedly interconnected on two facing glasswork
sides 101a by bridging elements 105. Said bridging elements 105 are advantageously
integral extruded elements or attached separately. Said bridging elements 105 as well
as central sections of the glasswork sides 101a, form a screw means receiving chamber
106 the shape of which is adapted to receive the end part of screw means 303 (not
shown). Preferably, the screw means receiving chamber 106 is threaded.
[0061] Among others, thanks to the connection of tubular profiles 101 and 103, the fire-resistant
insert 100 is integral part ready for application, which makes the manufacturing easier.
[0062] Preferably, the external tubular profile 101 has a substantially rectangular shape
wherein horizontal and vertical parts of the C-shaped central section 101e of the
glasswork side 101a create an outward extrusion of substantially rectangular shape.
In other words, the glasswork side 101a of the external tubular profile 101 comprises
three sections, referenced respectively from left to right as 101f, 101e, 101g.
[0063] Below is the further description of the fire-resistant building element 200 for supporting
the glasswork 400, according to the invention, in reference to Figure 3 in which the
building element 200 is shown with the fire-resistant insert 100 arranged in . The
fire-resistant building element 200 comprises an extruded main hollow profile 201
forming a main chamber 202 and a pressure plate profile 210 for mounting the glasswork
400 to the main hollow profile 201.
[0064] The main chamber 202 has such size and shape so as to allow the fire-resistant insert
100 as described in reference to the figure 2 to be placed inside the main chamber
202 formed by the main metal hollow profile 201. Namely the fire-resistant insert
100 has always smaller cross-section than cross-section of the main hollow profile
201.
[0065] Thanks to such rigid support structure for the composite material 110, namely thanks
to the presence of the external tubular profile 101 having shape complementary to
the shape of the main profile it is possible to appropriately place the fire-resistant
insert 100 in one step into the main hollow profile 201 and additionally not to damage
the exterior of the building element 200.
[0066] This allows for placing the fire-resistant insert 100 inside the fire-resistant building
element 200 after it has undergone final construction work which would, in case of
high-temperature work, lower the fire-resisting capabilities of the fire-resistant
insert 100. The method and means of inserting the fire-resistant insert 100 inside
the fire are described above/below in accordance with Fig. 4.
[0067] On the other hand, specific complementary shape and the aluminum material of the
external tubular profile 101 of the fire resistant insert 100 allows direct contact
with the main hollow profile 201 of the building element 200 on the biggest surface
as possible so as to maximize heat transfer during fire. This is thanks to the fact
that the curved surface of the glasswork side 101a of the external tubular profile
101 of the fire-resistant insert 100 substantially matches the curved surfaces of
the glasswork side 201a of the main hollow profile 201 so as it borders at on it.
[0068] Preferably, the fire-resistant insert 100 borders on at least the whole glasswork
side 201a of the main metal hollow profile 201.In another preferred embodiment the
fire-resistant insert 100 has direct contact with all walls of the main hollow profile
201.
[0069] The adsorbent composite material 110 acts as energy dissipater, unlike fire protection
screens, i.e. absorption of energy by the adsorbent composite material 110 results
only in a slight temperature rise of the fire protection facade main profile 201 and
external tubular profile 101 of the fire-resistant insert 100 over a targeted and
predetermined period. As the temperature rise of the facade main profile until reaching
the melting temperature of aluminum is delayed over an extended period, the stability
of the main profile 101 (column profile or beam profile) is ensured commensurate with
the time allowed by the fire protection classification. Activation of the hydrophilic
composite material 110 requires a certain temperature transfer upon the main profile
201 and additionally the external tubular profile 101 to enable a reaction of the
adsorbent composite material 110 embedded in within the external tubular profile 101
of the fire-resistant insert 100 .
[0070] Preferably, the main chamber 201 has larger size than required for insertion of the
fire resistant insert 100. Namely, as shown in Fig.3-5, a free space is left in the
main chamber 201 on the interior side 201d after insertion of the fire-resistant insert
100 according to the invention. This allows to leave an additional space for smoothly
discharging gases being produced during chemical reactions which occur in the composite
material 110 in high temperatures.
[0071] In Figure 3 different screw means are depicted for fastening the fire-resistant insert
100 to the building element 200. Firstly, short screw means 301 are used so as to
directly fasten the fire-resistant insert 100 to the building element 200. For this
purpose screw or bolts can be used. In particular each short bolt 301 comprises a
head portion to be seated within the screw means receiving cavity 206 and a threaded
shank portion passing through each pair of both lateral sections 201e, 101f, 201f,101g
of the glasswork sides 201a, 101a of the building element 200 and the fire resistant
insert, respectively for securely interconnect them.
[0072] Secondly, the fire-resistant insert 100 is additionally fasten to the building element
200 by long screw means 303 which in general are used to fasten all components arranged
on the other side of the glasswork 400 to the main hollow profile 201. Advantageously
long bolt 303 enters through an aperture (not shown) in the pressure plate 210 and
the washer 211 and pass through the protruding fastening member 203 and further enters
the screw means receiving chamber 206 . However the person skilled in the art will
appreciate that in the absence of the screw means receiving chamber 206 the long bolt
303 can enter directly the second chamber 104 or does not have to be used at all.
[0073] As it is shown in Figure 4, the pressure plate profile 210 and the washer 211 are
additionally fixed to the main metal hollow profile 201 in a typical way, namely to
the protruding fastening member 203 by means of main screw means 302 so as the main
screw means 302 enter the protruding fastening member 203 and engage it threadingly.
The main screw means 302 pass additionally through a hollow thermal break profile
214 which is fastened to the protruding fastening member 203 by means of intumescent
strips 209 placed in parallel on both sides of the thermal break profile 214 and the
protruding fastening member 203 . Also in this case the external glazing gaskets 212
are pressurized locally toward the glasswork 400 for sealing and providing smooth
flexible contact surface with the glasswork 400 so as to compensate the pressure force.
[0074] Further in reference to Figure 4, the fire-resistant insert 100 is additionally fasten
to the building element 200 by interconnecting screw means 304 which are preferably
pegs 304 for fastening one building element 200 to another one. Said interconnecting
screw means 304 again passes at one end through the lateral walls 201b, 201c of the
main hollow profile 200 as well through the lateral walls 101b,101c of the fire-resistant
insert 100.
[0075] Figure 5 depicts already assembled fire-resistant building element 200 according
to the invention. The whole construction is very stable and all components are well
fastened one to each other so as to bear efficiently predicted loads. It is to be
understood that invention provides a use of the fire-resistant building element 200
in the frame construction suitable for manufacturing such products like a window,
a door or a frame work wall. For this purpose fire-resistant column profiles 201 should
be fastened to fire-resistant beam profiles 201 according to the invention.
[0076] Now a method of manufacturing of a fire-resistant building element 200 according
to the invention will be described. First a fire-resistant inserts 100 is produced.
It is manufactured by extrusion as a structure composed of two connected aluminum
profiles 101, 103 so as to obtain two chambers 102,104, one inside another. In other
words, a fire resistant element 100 is provided by extruding it as a structure of
two interconnected metal profiles 101,103 so at the first profile 101 surrounds the
second profile 103. In another example not falling in the scope of the invention,
if the fire resistance demands are lower, the fire-resistant inserts 100 is manufactured
by extrusion as a structure of single hollow profile 101 forming only one chamber
102. Then internal volume of the aluminum profiles 101,103, namely the first chamber
102 and the second chamber 104 or only the first chamber 102 are filled with composite
material 110 in a liquid state in a known manner. In parallel main hollow aluminum
profiles 201 are extruded and then forwarded for final treatment to gain some specific
aesthetic features, like external coating. This process occurs in high temperatures.
In another step the hollow aluminum profile 201, namely columns and beams as well
as fire-resistant inserts 100 are cut in the required lengths.
[0077] Next, the fire-resistant inserts 100 are inserted into the main hollow profiles 201
(beams or colums), which in preferred embodiment have a size to tightly hold the fire-resistant
insert 100 . Then the fire-resistant inserts 100 are secured in their target position.
In the next step apertures are performed in parallel in the main hollow profiles 201
as well as in the fire-resistant inserts 100, particularly in the external tubular
profile 101. Then a step of initial fastening of the fire-resistant inserts 100 and
the main hollow profiles 201 is performed. Namely, the short screw means 301 are inserted
into screw means receiving cavities 206 and further, through the glasswork side 201
of the main hollow profile 200 and the glasswork side 101 of the fire-resistant insert
100 into the composite material 110 filing the first chamber 101. Such connection
is performed periodically, for example each 40 cm. This allows for a secure placement
of the fire-resistant insert 100 and to construct an initial structure. Once the single
fire-resistant building element 200 is ready, for example a column, then interconnecting
screw means 304 are inserted into the lateral walls 201b, 101b of the column after
said interconnecting screw means have been blocked into the lateral walls 201b, 101b
of a beam so as to form a support structure for the glasswork 400. At the end once
the glasswork 400 has been put in place, other screw means, namely long screw means
303 and main screw means 302 are inserted for final fastening of all other components
of the fire-resistant building element which are arranged on the other side of the
glasswork 400. Then covers 213 are put in place in the final step of producing a fire
resistant glasswork support structure.
[0078] The fire-resistant building element 200 as well the method of manufacturing of such
building element 200 according to the invention are not limited to the application
and the embodiments described above, but can be modified in number of components,
elements or units, and steps, respectively, without departing from the invention as
defined the appended claims.
Reference numbers:
[0079]
- 100 -
- fire-resistant insert,
- 101 -
- external tubular profile,
- 101a-
- glasswork side of the external profile,
- 101b-
- lateral side of the external profile ,
- 101c-
- lateral side of the external profile,
- 101f-
- lateral section of the glasswork side,
- 101g-
- lateral section of the glasswork side,
- 102-
- first chamber,
- 103 -
- internal tubular profile,
- 104 -
- second chamber,
- 105 -
- bridging element,
- 106 -
- screw means receiving chamber,
- 107 -
- longitudinal protrusion,
- 110 -
- composite material
- 200-
- fire-resistant building element,
- 201-
- main hollow profile,
- 201a-
- glasswork side of the main hollow profile,
- 201b-
- lateral wall of the main hollow profile,
- 201c-
- lateral wall of the main hollow profile,
- 201d-
- interior side of the main hollow profile
- 201g-
- central section of the glasswork side of the main hollow profile,
- 201e-
- lateral section of the glasswork side of the main hollow profile,
- 201f-
- lateral section of the glasswork side of the main hollow profile,
- 201h-
- prolonged section of the lateral wall of the main hollow profile
- 201i-
- prolonged section of the lateral wall of the main hollow profile
- 202 -
- main chamber
- 203 -
- protruding fastening member
- 204-
- internal glazing gasket
- 206-
- screw means receiving cavity,
- 207 -
- protrusion
- 208-
- internal glazing gasket bed receiving cavity
- 209 -
- intumescent strip
- 210-
- pressure plate profile,
- 211 -
- washer
- 212 -
- external glazing gasket
- 213 -
- cover
- 214-
- thermal break profile
- 301-
- short screw means
- 302 -
- main screw means
- 303 -
- long screw means
- 304 -
- interconnecting screw means
- 400-
- glasswork
1. A fire-resistant building element (200) for supporting a glasswork (400), comprising
a main metal hollow profile (201) forming a main chamber (202) and a pressure plate
profile (210) for pressing down the glasswork (400) to be placed in said building
element between the main metal hollow profile (201) and the pressure plate profile
(210), sealing means placed between the main metal hollow profile (201) and the glasswork
(400) to be supported by the fire-resistant building element, said main metal hollow
profile (201) having a glasswork side (201a) and at least two lateral walls (201b,
201c) and a protruding fastening member (203) protruding outwardly from a central
section (201g) of the glasswork side (201a) for receiving fastening means,
wherein a fire-resistant insert (100) is fixedly placed inside the main metal hollow
profile (201) so as to border on at least the glasswork side (201a) of the main metal
hollow profile (201)
said fire-resistant insert (100) comprising an external tubular profile (101) forming
a first chamber (102), said external tubular profile (101) having at least one glasswork
side (101a) shaped for bordering on at least glasswork side of said main metal hollow
profile (201) from its interior wherein a composite material (110) fills at least
partially the first chamber (102),
said fire-resistant building element (200) being
characterized in that,
- An internal tubular profile (103) having a glasswork side, is arranged inside said
external tubular profile (101) and forms a second chamber (104) inside said first
chamber (102),
- a said internal tubular profile (103) and said external tubular profile (101) being
fixedly interconnected on their two facing glasswork sides (101a),
- a composite material (110) filling at least partially the first chamber (102),
wherein said internal tubular profile (103) and said external tubular profile (101)
are fixedly interconnected on two facing glasswork sides (101a) by at least two bridging
elements (105) so as to form at least one screw means receiving chamber (106) between
the two interconnected facing glasswork sides (101a) of the internal and external
profiles (101,103), and wherein the screw means can enter the screw means receiving
chamber (106) of the fire resistant insert and further enter the second chamber (104)
of the fire-resistant insert.
2. The fire-resistant building element according to claim 1, wherein the composite material
(110) is filing additionally at least partially the second chamber (104).
3. The fire-resistant building element according to any claim from 1 or 2, wherein the
internal tubular profile (103) comprises at least one longitudinal protrusion (107)
protruding outwardly and having a T-shaped cross-section.
4. The fire-resistant building element according to any of claims 1-3, wherein said at
least one screw means receiving chamber (106) is threaded.
5. The fire-resistant building element according to any claim from 1 to 4, wherein the
external tubular profile (101) comprises at least two lateral sides (101b,101c) which
are shaped for at least partially bordering on at the lateral walls (201b, 201c) of
said main metal hollow profile (201) from its interior.
6. A fire-resistant building element according to any claim from 1 to 5, wherein the
glasswork side (201a) of the main metal hollow profile (201) comprises two flat lateral
sections (201e, 201f) and a C - shaped central section (201g), said flat lateral sections
(201e, 201f) being aligned and connected with the ends of the arms of the C-shaped
central section (201g) and wherein the lateral walls (201b,201c) of the main hollow
profile (201) have prolonged sections (201h, 201i) so as to form with the flat lateral
sections (201e, 201f) and the arms of the C-shaped central section (201g) screw means
insertion cavities (206), having a bottom for passing screw means (301) and side walls
for guiding screw means (301), wherein the glasswork side (101a) of the fire-resistant
insert (100) has lateral sections (101e, 101f) shaped so as to border on the bottom
of said screw means insertion cavities (206) for passing screw means (301) into the
fire-resistant insert (100) so as to fixedly place the fire-resistant insert (100)
inside the main metal hollow profile (201).
7. A fire -resistant building element according to any of claims 1-6, wherein the pressure
plate profile (210) is fixed to the main metal hollow profile (201) and to the fire-resistant
insert (100) by means of screw means (302) so as the screw means (302) enter the screw
means receiving chamber (106) of the fire-resistant insert (100).
8. A fire-resistant building element according to any preceding claim, wherein the main
metal hollow profile (201) and the fire-resistant insert (100) are provided with at
least one bore for inserting a peg (303) for fastening to another fire-resistant building
element (200).
9. A method of manufacturing a fire-resistant building element (200) comprising the following
steps:
- providing a fire resistant element (100) by extruding it as a structure of two interconnected
metal tubular profiles (101,103) so at the first external tubular profile (101) surrounds
the second internal tubular profile (103) forming two chambers (102, 104), the second
chamber (104) being inside the first chamber (102), so that said internal tubular
profile (103) and said external tubular profile (101) are fixedly interconnected on
two facing glasswork sides (101a) by at least two bridging elements (105) so as to
form at least one screw means receiving chamber (106) between the two interconnected
facing glasswork sides (101a) of the internal and external profiles (101,103), so
that the screw means can enter the screw means receiving chamber (106) of the fire
resistant insert and further enter the second chamber (104) of the fire-resistant
insert,
- filling at least partially the first chamber (102) with a composite material (110)
- providing a main hollow metal profile (201) by extruding it
- finally treating the main metal hollow profile (200) so as to coat its external
surface
- cutting the fire-resistant insert (100) and the main hollow profile (201) into desired
lengths
- inserting the fire-resistant insert (100) into the main hollow profile (201)
- fastening the fire-resistant insert (100) to the main hollow profile (201) by screw
means (301) after making suitable holes in the fire-resistant insert (100) and the
main metal hollow profile (201), wherein the screw means (301) enter the screw means
receiving chamber (106) of the fire resistant insert and further enter the second
chamber (104) of the fire-resistant insert.
10. The method according to claim 9, wherein the step of providing a fire-resistant element
(100) comprises additionally filing the second chamber (104) at least partially with
the composite material (110).
11. The method according to claim 9 or 10, wherein the step of providing a fire-resistant
element (100) comprises extruding the second internal tubular profile (103) additionally
with at least one longitudinal protrusion (107) protruding outwardly and having a
T-shaped cross-section.
1. Ein feuerfester Bauteil (200) zur Unterstützung einer Verglasung (400), umfassend
ein metallisches Haupthohlprofil (201), das eine Hauptkammer (202) bildet und eine
Andrückplatte (210) zum Andrücken der Verglasung (400), die im genannten Bauteil zwischen
dem metallischen Haupthohlprofil (201) und der Andrückplatte (210) angeordnet ist,
mit einer Abdichtung, die zwischen dem metallischen Haupthohlprofil (201) und der
von dem feuerfesten Bauteil zu tragenden Verglasung (400) angeordnet ist, wobei das
metallische Haupthohlprofil (201) eine Verglasungsseite (201a) und mindestens zwei
Seitenwände (201b, 201c) und ein vorstehendes Befestigungselement (203) aufweist,
das vom zentralen Abschnitt (201g) der Verglasungsseite (201a) nach außen vorsteht,
um die Befestigungsmittel aufzunehmen,
wobei der feuerfeste Bauteil (200)
dadurch gekennzeichnet ist, dass
eine feuerfeste Einlage (100) fest innerhalb des metallischen Haupthohlprofils (201)
angeordnet ist, so dass sie zumindest an die Verglasungsseite (201a) des metallischen
Haupthohlprofils (201) angrenzt,
wobei die feuerfeste Einlage (100) ein äußeres rohrförmiges Profil (101) umfasst,
das die erste Kammer (102) bildet, wobei das äußere rohrförmige Profil (101) mindestens
eine Verglasungsseite (101a) aufweist, die so geformt ist, dass sie zumindest an die
Verglasungsseite des Haupthohlprofils (201) von innen her angrenzt
- ein inneres rohrförmiges Profil (103), das innerhalb des genannten äußeren Profils
(101) angeordnet ist und eine zweite Kammer (104) innerhalb der ersten Kammer (102)
bildet,
- das genannte innere rohrförmige Profil (103) und das genannte äußere Profil (101)
auf zwei einander gegenüberliegenden Verglasungsseiten (101a, 103a) fest miteinander
verbunden sind,
- ein Verbundmaterial (110), das zumindest teilweise die erste Kammer (102) ausfüllt,
wobei das genannte innere rohrförmige Profil (103) und das genannte äußere rohrförmige
Profil (101) an zwei einander gegenüberliegenden Verglasungsseiten (101a, 103a) durch
mindestens zwei Brücken (105) fest miteinander verbunden sind, um mindestens eine
Schraubenaufnahmekammer (106) zwischen den beiden miteinander verbundenen, einander
gegenüberliegenden Verglasungsseiten (101a, 103a) der inneren und äußeren Profile
(101, 103) zu bilden, und wobei die Schrauben in die Schraubenaufnahmekammer (106)
der feuerfesten Einlage und weiter in die zweite Kammer (104) der feuerfesten Einlage
eingeführt werden können.
2. Der feuerfeste Bauteil nach Anspruch 1, bei dem das Verbundmaterial (110) zumindest
teilweise zusätzlich die zweite Kammer (104) ausfüllt.
3. Der feuerfeste Bauteil nach Ansprüchen 1 oder 2, wobei das innere rohrförmige Profil
(103) mindestens einen nach außen vorstehenden Längsvorsprung (107) mit einem T-förmigen
Querschnitt aufweist.
4. Der feuerfeste Bauteil nach einem der Ansprüche 1-3, wobei die genannte Schraubenaufnahmekammer
(106) mit mindestens einem Gewinde versehen ist.
5. Der feuerfeste Bauteil nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, wobei das äußere rohrförmige
Profil (101) mindestens zwei laterale Seiten (101b, 101c) aufweist, die so geformt
sind, dass sie zumindest teilweise an die Seitenwände (201b, 201c) des metallischen
Haupthohlprofils (201) von innen her angrenzen.
6. Ein feuerfester Bauteil nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, wobei die Verglasungsseite
(201a) des metallischen Haupthohlprofils (201) zwei flache Seitenabschnitte (201e,
201f) und einen C-förmigen Mittelabschnitt (201g) umfasst, wobei die flachen Seitenabschnitte
(201e, 201f) mit den Enden der Arme des C-förmigen Mittelteils (201g) fluchten und
verbunden sind und wobei die Seitenwände (201b, 201c) des metallischen Haupthohlprofils
(201) verlängerte Abschnitte (201h, 201i) aufweisen, um zusammen mit den flachen Seitenabschnitten
(201e, 201f) und den Armen des C-förmigen Mittelabschnitts (201g) Hohlräume (206)
für die Schrauben zu bilden, die einen Boden zum Durchführen von Schrauben (301) und
Seitenwände zum Einführen von Schrauben (301) aufweisen, wobei die Verglasungsseite
(101a) der feuerfesten Einlage (100) seitliche Abschnitte (101e, 101f) aufweist, die
so geformt sind, dass sie an den Boden der Hohlräume (206) für die Schrauben zum Durchführen
von Schrauben (301) in die feuerfeste Einlage (100) angrenzen, um die feuerfeste Einlage
(100) fest im metallischen Haupthohlprofil (201) zu fixieren.
7. Ein feuerfester Bauteil nach einem der Ansprüche 1-6, wobei die Andrückplatte (210)
am metallischen Haupthohlprofil (201) und an der feuerfesten Einlage (100) mittels
Schrauben (302) befestigt wird, so dass die Schrauben (302) in die Schraubenaufnahmekammer
(106) der feuerfesten Einlage (100) eingeführt werden.
8. Ein feuerfester Bauteil nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei das metallische
Haupthohlprofil (201) und die feuerfeste Einlage (100) mit mindestens einer Bohrung
zum Einführen eines Dübels (303) zur Befestigung an einem anderen feuerfesten Bauteil
(200) versehen sind.
9. Ein Verfahren zur Herstellung eines feuerfesten Bauteils (200), das die folgenden
Schritte umfasst:
- Bereitstellen eines feuerfesten Bauteils (100) im Extrudierverfahren als Element
aus zwei miteinander verbundenen rohrförmigen Profilen (101, 103), so dass das erste
äußere rohrförmige Profil (101) das zweite innere rohrförmige Profil (103) umgibt
und zwei Kammern (102, 104) bildet, wobei die zweite Kammer (104) innerhalb der ersten
Kammer (102) liegt,
so dass das genannte innere rohrförmige Profil (103) und das äußere rohrförmige Profil
(101) an zwei gegenüberliegenden Verglasungsseiten (101a, 103a) durch mindestens zwei
Brücken (105) fest miteinander verbunden werden, so dass mindestens eine Schraubenaufnahmekammer
(106) zwischen den beiden miteinander verbundenen gegenüberliegenden Verglasungsseiten
(101a, 103a) des inneren und äußeren Profils (101, 103) ausgebildet ist, so dass die
Schrauben in die Schraubenaufnahmekammer (106) der feuerfesten Einlage und weiter
in die zweite Kammer (104) der feuerfesten Einlage eingeführt werden können,
- Ausfüllen der ersten Kammer (102) zumindest teilweise mit einem Verbundmaterial
(110),
- Bereitstellen des metallischen Haupthohlprofils (201) im Extrudierverfahren,
- abschließendes Beschichten der Außenfläche des metallischen Haupthohlprofils (200),
- Zuschneiden der feuerfesten Einlage (100) und des Haupthohlprofils (201) zur gewünschten
Länge,
- Einsetzen der feuerfesten Einlage (100) in das Haupthohlprofil (201),
- Befestigen der feuerfesten Einlage (100) am Haupthohlprofil (201) mithilfe von Schrauben
(301), nachdem geeignete Bohrungen in der feuerfesten Einlage (100) und im metallischen
Haupthohlprofil (201) ausgeführt wurden, wobei die Schrauben (301) in die Schraubenaufnahmekammer
(106) der feuerfesten Einlage und weiter in die zweite Kammer (104) der feuerfesten
Einlage eingeführt werden.
10. Verfahren nach Anspruch 9, wobei der Schritt des Bereitstellens eines feuerfesten
Bauteils (100) darüber hinaus daraus besteht, dass die zweite Kammer (104) zumindest
teilweise mit dem Verbundmaterial (110) gefüllt wird.
11. Verfahren nach Anspruch 9 oder 10, wobei der Schritt des Bereitstellens eines feuerfesten
Bauteils (100) daraus besteht, dass das zweite innenliegende rohrförmige Profil (103)
zusätzlich mit mindestens einem nach außen vorstehenden Längsvorsprung (107) mit einem
T-förmigen Querschnitt extrudiert wird.
1. Elément de construction (200) résistant au feu pour supporter une verrerie (400),
comprenant un profilé creux métallique principal (201) formant une chambre principale
(202) et un profil (210) de plaque de pression pour presser la verrerie (400) vers
être placé dans ledit élément de construction entre le profil creux métallique principal
(201) et le profilé (210) de plaque de pression, des moyens d'étanchéité placés entre
le profil creux métallique principal (201) et la verrerie (400) devant être supportés
par l'élément de construction résistant au feu, ledit profil creux métallique principal
(201) ayant un côté (201a) de verrerie et au moins deux parois latérales (201b, 201c)
et un élément de fixation saillant (203) faisant saillie vers l'extérieur à partir
d'une section centrale (201g) du côté (201a) de la verrerie pour recevoir des moyens
de fixation,
ledit élément de construction (200) résistant au feu étant
caractérisé en ce que
un insert (100) résistant au feu est placé de manière fixe à l'intérieur du profilé
creux métallique principal (201) de manière à adhérer à au moins le côté (201a) de
la verrerie du profilé creux métallique principal (201)
ledit insert (100) résistant au feu comprenant un profil tubulaire externe (101) formant
une première chambre (102), ledit profil tubulaire externe (101) ayant au moins un
côté (101a) de verrerie conformé pour adhérer à au moins le côté de verrerie dudit
profilé creux métallique principal (201) depuis son intérieur
- un profil tubulaire interne (103) disposé à l'intérieur dudit profil tubulaire externe
(101) et formant une seconde chambre (104) à l'intérieur de ladite première chambre
(102),
- ledit profil tubulaire interne (103) et ledit profil tubulaire externe (101) étant
interconnectés de manière fixe sur deux côtés (101a, 103 a) de verrerie en regard,
- un matériau composite (110) remplissant au moins partiellement la première chambre
(102),
dans lequel ledit profil tubulaire interne (103) et ledit profil tubulaire externe
(101) sont interconnectés de manière fixe sur deux côtés (101a, 103a) de verrerie
opposés par au moins deux éléments de pontage (105) de manière à former au moins une
chambre de réception (106) de moyens à vis entre les deux côtés (101a, 103a) de verrerie
interconnectés des profils interne et externe (101,103), et dans lequel les moyens
à vis peuvent pénétrer dans la chambre de réception (106) de moyens à vis de l'insert
résistant au feu et pénétrer en outre dans la deuxième chambre (104) de l'insert résistant
au feu.
2. Elément de construction résistant au feu selon la revendication 1, dans lequel le
matériau composite (110) remplit en outre au moins partiellement la deuxième chambre
(104).
3. Elément de construction résistant au feu selon l'une quelconque des revendications
1 ou 2, dans lequel le profil tubulaire interne (103) comprend au moins une saillie
longitudinale (107) faisant saillie vers l'extérieur et ayant une section transversale
en forme de T.
4. Elément de construction résistant au feu selon l'une quelconque des revendications
1 à 3, dans lequel ladite au moins une chambre de réception (106) de moyen à vis est
filetée.
5. Elément de construction résistant au feu selon l'une quelconque des revendications
1 à 4, dans lequel le profil tubulaire externe (101) comprend au moins deux côtés
latéraux (101b, 101c) qui sont conformés pour être bordés au moins partiellement sur
les parois latérales (201b, 201c) dudit profil creux métallique principal (201) depuis
son intérieur.
6. Elément de construction résistant au feu selon l'une quelconque des revendications
1 à 5, dans lequel le côté (201a) de la verrerie du profilé creux métallique principal
(201) comprend deux sections latérales plates (201e, 201f) et une section centrale
en forme de C (201g), lesdites sections latérales plates (201e, 201f) étant alignées
et connectées avec les extrémités des bras de la section centrale en forme de C (201g)
et dans lesquelles les parois latérales (201b, 201c) du profilé creux principal (201)
ont sections prolongées (201h, 201i) de manière à former avec les sections latérales
plates (201e, 201f) et les bras de la section centrale en forme de C (201g) des moyens
de vis, des cavités d'insertion (206), ayant un fond pour faire passer les moyens
de vis (301) et des parois latérales pour guider les moyens à vis (301), dans laquelle
le côté (101a) de la verrerie de l'insert (100) résistant au feu a des sections latérales
(101e, 101f) conformées de manière à adhérer au bas de ladite insertion des moyens
à vis des cavités (206) pour faire passer des moyens à vis (301) dans l'insert (100)
résistant au feu de manière à placer de manière fixe l'insert (100) résistant au feu
à l'intérieur du profilé creux métallique principal (201).
7. Elément de construction résistant au feu selon l'une quelconque des revendications
1 à 6, dans lequel le profil (210) de plaque de pression est fixé au profil creux
métallique principal (201) et à l'insert (100) résistant au feu au moyen de vis (302)
de sorte que les moyens à vis (302) pénètrent dans la chambre de réception (106) des
moyens à vis de l'insert (100) résistant au feu.
8. Elément de construction résistant au feu selon l'une quelconque des revendications
précédentes, dans lequel le profil creux métallique principal (201) et l'insert (100)
résistant au feu sont pourvus d'au moins un alésage pour insérer une cheville (303)
pour la fixation à un autre élément de construction (200) résistant au feu.
9. Procédé de fabrication d'un élément de construction (200) résistant au feu comprenant
les étapes suivantes:
- fournir un élément (100) résistant au feu en le extrudant en tant que structure
de deux profils tubulaires métalliques interconnectés (101,103) de sorte que le premier
profil tubulaire externe (101) entoure le deuxième profil tubulaire interne (103)
formant deux chambres (102, 104), la deuxième chambre (104) étant à l'intérieur de
la première chambre (102),
de sorte que ledit profil tubulaire interne (103) et ledit profil tubulaire externe
(101) sont interconnectés de manière fixe sur deux côtés (101a, 103a) de verrerie
en regard par au moins deux éléments de pontage (105) de manière à former au moins
une chambre de réception (106) de moyen à vis entre les deux côtés (101a, 103a) de
verrerie interconnectés des profils interne et externe (101,103), de sorte que le
moyen à vis puisse pénétrer dans la chambre de réception (106) de moyen à vis de l'insert
résistant au feu et pénétrer en outre dans le second chambre (104) de l'insert résistant
au feu,
- remplir au moins partiellement la première chambre (102) avec un matériau composite
(110)
- fournir un profilé métallique creux principal (201) par extrusion
- traiter enfin le profilé creux métallique principal (200) de manière à enrober sa
surface externe
- couper l'insert (100) résistant au feu et le profil creux principal (201) dans les
longueurs souhaitées
- insérer l'insert (100) résistant au feu dans le profilé creux principal (201)
- fixation de l'insert (100) résistant au feu au profil creux principal (201) par
des moyens à vis (301) après avoir fait des trous appropriés dans l'insert (100) résistant
au feu et le profil creux métallique principal (201), dans lequel les moyens à vis
(301) pénètrent dans la chambre de réception (106) des moyens à vis de l'insert résistant
au feu et pénètrent en outre dans la seconde chambre (104) de l'insert résistant au
feu.
10. Procédé selon la revendication 9, dans lequel l'étape consistant à fournir un élément
(100) résistant au feu comprend en outre le remplissage de la deuxième chambre (104)
au moins partiellement avec le matériau composite (110).
11. Procédé selon la revendication 9 ou 10, dans lequel l'étape de fourniture d'un élément
(100) résistant au feu comprend l'extrusion du deuxième profil tubulaire interne (103)
en plus avec au moins une saillie longitudinale (107) faisant saillie vers l'extérieur
et ayant une section transversale en forme de T.