FIELD OF THE INVENTION
[0001] The invention relates to an elevator arrangement and a method for monitoring an elevator
arrangement. The elevator is preferably an elevator for transporting passengers and/or
goods.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
[0002] Shrinkage of bearing structures is typical for new buildings. A bearing concrete
structure of a building dries and is slowly compressed smaller in vertical direction
when the time passes. Also a bearing steel structure of a building shrinks smaller
in vertical direction. The bearing steel structure of a building shrinks elastically,
for instance due to weight building on the uppermost parts of the building, such as
due to mass being brought inside the building or additional floors being built on
top of the building. Building shrinkage is a phenomenon that needs to be dealt with
in design and maintenance of an elevator. The higher the building and the hoistway
of the elevator, the more important it is to prevent shrinkage from causing component
breakages, component deformations, excessive wear of components, safety issues or
problems in ride comfort.
[0003] Guide rails are typically supported laterally on the hoistway walls by brackets,
which grip the guide rail and do not freely slide along the guide rails. Building
shrinkage is prone to cause the brackets, or corresponding means, to exert a downwards
directed push on the guide rails. If not eliminated, together with gravity, the building
shrinkage can cause forces even to such extent that the guide rails bend.
[0004] One way to eliminate problems caused by building shrinkage has been to fine-tune
the elevator parts, such as guide rail support, occasionally so that compressions
do not build up excessive. A drawback has been that it has been difficult to determine
when the actions for eliminating the effect of shrinkage are to be done. It has been
particularly difficult to find a cost effective, simple, reliable and effective system
to timely enable initiation of such actions without doing this too seldom nor too
frequently. As a result, various components, such as guide rails and brackets, for
example, need to be dimensioned to withhold also the forces caused by the building
shrinkage.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
[0005] The object of the invention is to provide a solution which is improved in terms of
monitoring of building shrinkage and reacting thereto. An object is particularly to
alleviate one or more of the above defined drawbacks of prior art and/or problems
discussed or implied elsewhere in the description. Solutions are presented,
inter alia, by which an elevator arrangement can monitor and react to building shrinkage automatically.
Solutions are presented,
inter alia, where this can be achieved reliably, simply and cost effectively.
[0006] It is brought forward a new elevator arrangement comprising a hoistway formed in
a building; an elevator car vertically movable in the hoistway along one or more guide
rails mounted to take lateral support from a hoistway wall; an elevator control system
for controlling movement of the car; a sensing arrangement connected (e.g. over a
wireless or wired electrical connection) with the elevator control system, the sensing
arrangement comprising a building-mounted sensing unit mounted on a stationary part
of the building, said stationary part preferably being a hoistway wall or the hoistway
ceiling; and at least one sensing unit mounted on the elevator car to travel therewith.
The building-mounted sensing unit is a counterpart for a sensing unit mounted on the
elevator car; and the elevator car is movable by the elevator control system to a
first position, which is a reference position, and to a second position to place a
sensing unit mounted on the elevator car to be level with the building-mounted sensing
unit for triggering interaction between them. The first and second position are vertically
displaced from each other. The elevator control system is configured to monitor vertical
distance between the first position and the second position by aid of the sensing
arrangement.
[0007] With this solution, one or more of the above mentioned advantages and/or objectives
are achieved. Preferable further features are introduced in the following, which further
features can be combined with the arrangement individually or in any combination.
[0008] In a preferred embodiment, the elevator control system comprises a local elevator
control system located within the building and a remote monitoring system located
outside the building.
[0009] In a preferred embodiment, the elevator control system, is configured to perform
repeatedly distance determinations of prevailing distance, and in each distance determination
the elevator car is configured to be driven, preferably by the elevator control system,
most preferably by a local elevator control system thereof, from a first position
to a second position.
[0010] In a preferred embodiment, when the elevator car is in said first position, a sensing
unit mounted on the elevator car is level with a reference sensing unit mounted on
a stationary part of the elevator arrangement, and wherein when the elevator car is
in said second position, a sensing unit mounted on the elevator car is level with
the building-mounted sensing unit.
[0011] In a preferred embodiment, the building-mounted sensing unit is carried by the stationary
part of the building on which it is mounted, in particular such that when the mounting
point of the part on which the building-mounted sensing unit is mounted descends due
to building shrinkage, the building-mounted sensing unit descends together with it.
For this end, the building-mounted sensing unit is preferably vertically immovable
relative to the stationary part of the building on which it is mounted.
[0012] In a preferred embodiment, the sensing arrangement comprises a reference sensing
unit mounted on a stationary part of the elevator arrangement. The reference sensing
unit is preferably mounted on a stationary part of the elevator arrangement on a first
level, said stationary part preferably being a guide rail; and the building mounted
sensing unit is mounted on a stationary part of the building on a second level, wherein
the reference sensing unit and the building-mounted sensing unit are each a counterpart
for a sensing unit mounted on the elevator car; and wherein the elevator car is movable
by the elevator control system to the first position, which is a reference position,
to place a sensing unit mounted on the elevator car to be level with the reference
sensing unit for triggering interaction between them.
[0013] In a preferred embodiment, the first level and the second level are vertically displaced
from each other, preferably more than 0.5 meters, more preferably more than 1 meter.
This reduces effect of error margins and facilitates detectability of changes in the
distance between the first and second position thereby facilitating determination
of the prevailing distance.
[0014] In a preferred embodiment, the reference sensing unit mounted on a stationary part
of the elevator arrangement is carried by the stationary part of the elevator arrangement
on which it is mounted. The reference sensing unit is preferably vertically immovable
relative to the stationary part on which it is mounted.
[0015] In a preferred embodiment, the elevator control system is configured to detect interaction
between the building-mounted sensing unit and a sensing unit mounted on the elevator
car. Said interaction can be a contact between the interacting units when they come
to be level with each other, e.g. one of them being a contact switch and the other
being a member for actuating the contact switch or alternatively said interaction
is contactless effect caused by one of the interacting units on the other, e.g. one
being a proximity sensor and the other being a member for actuating the proximity
sensor.
[0016] In a preferred embodiment, the elevator control system is configured to detect interaction
between the reference sensing unit and a sensing unit mounted on the elevator car.
Said interaction can be a contact between the interacting units when they come to
be level with each other, e.g. one of them being a contact switch and the other being
a member for actuating the contact switch or alternatively said interaction is contactless
effect caused by one of the interacting units on the other, e.g. one being a proximity
sensor and the other being a member for actuating the proximity sensor.
[0017] In a preferred embodiment, the stationary part of the building on which the building-mounted
sensing unit is mounted is a wall of the hoistway. Preferably, the stationary part
of the building on which the building-mounted sensing unit is mounted comprises concrete
or is made of concrete. In this kind of context, it is highly advantageous to monitor
and react to shrinkage. Alternatively, the stationary part of the building on which
the building-mounted sensing unit is mounted can comprise or be made of some other
structure prone to shrinkage. Also steel structures can be prone to shrinkage within
the meaning of this application.
[0018] In a preferred embodiment, the building comprises concrete as bearing wall material.
In this kind of context, it is highly advantageous to monitor and react to shrinkage.
[0019] In the preferred embodiment, the building-mounted sensing unit is fixed on the stationary
part of the building via a fixing bracket. Said fixing bracket is preferably a fixing
arm.
[0020] In the preferred embodiment, the reference sensing unit is fixed on the stationary
part of the elevator arrangement via a fixing bracket. Said fixing bracket is preferably
a fixing arm.
[0021] In a preferred embodiment, said stationary part on which the reference sensing unit
is mounted is a guide rail or a guide rail bracket.
[0022] In a preferred embodiment, the reference sensing unit and the building-mounted sensing
unit are vertically aligned, i.e. on the same vertically oriented straight line, whereby
a sensing unit mounted on the car can be moved by vertically linear movement from
a position beside the reference sensing unit to a position beside the building-mounted
sensing unit.
[0023] In a preferred embodiment, the aforementioned second position is higher or lower
than the first position.
[0024] In a preferred embodiment, a sensing unit mounted on the elevator car is level with
a reference sensing unit mounted on a stationary part of the elevator arrangement
when the elevator car is in the first position, and a sensing unit mounted on the
elevator car is level with the building-mounted sensing unit when the elevator car
is in the second position. Said sensing unit mounted on the elevator car is preferably
the same sensing unit, but alternatively there could be more than one sensing units
mounted on the car.
[0025] In a preferred embodiment, the sensing unit mounted on the elevator car is level
with the reference sensing unit when the elevator car is in the first position wherein
it is level with a landing, i.e. when the sill of the car is level with the sill of
the landing, the landing preferably being the uppermost landing of the elevator arrangement,
and the building-mounted sensing unit is at a higher position than the reference sensing
unit whereby for placing the sensing unit mounted on the elevator car level with the
building-mounted sensing unit, the car is configured to be moved to the second position
which is higher than the first position. This provides that the reference sensing
unit can be the landing sensor of the elevator arrangement.
[0026] In a preferred embodiment, the sensing arrangement is configured to signal, preferably
to the elevator control system, e.g. by sending a signal to elevator control system,
when the reference sensing unit is level with a sensing unit mounted on the elevator
car, and when the building-mounted sensing unit is level with a sensing unit mounted
on the elevator car.
[0027] In a preferred embodiment, in each said distance determination the elevator control
system is configured to determine the prevailing distance based on length of travel
of the car between the first position and the second position.
[0028] In a preferred embodiment, in each said distance determination the elevator control
system is configured to determine the prevailing distance based on length of travel
of the car between the first position where the sensing unit mounted on the elevator
car is level with the reference sensing unit and the second position where a sensing
unit mounted on the elevator car is level with the building-mounted sensing unit.
[0029] In a preferred embodiment, in each said distance determination the elevator control
system is configured to determine length of travel of the car between the first position
and the second position.
[0030] In a preferred embodiment, the elevator control system is configured to perform said
determining the length of travel by measuring one or more parameters, most preferably
by measuring at least the amount a wheel rotates during movement of the car from the
first position to the second position, wherein a rope or a belt connected to the elevator
car passes around the wheel. Preferably, the wheel is a drive wheel rotatable by a
motor. Then preferably, the elevator control system is arranged to measure rotation
angle of the motor. Said determining the prevailing distance can be then performed
for example by calculating from the measured angle.
[0031] In a preferred embodiment, the elevator control system is configured to perform after
each distance determination an analysis wherein at least the prevailing distance is
analyzed, in particular for checking if the prevailing distance meets one or more
criteria
[0032] In a preferred embodiment, the elevator control system is configured to perform one
or more actions if the prevailing distance meets one or more criteria.
[0033] In a preferred embodiment, a criterion for one or more actions mentioned anywhere
above can be that the prevailing distance has reached a threshold. Alternatively or
additionally, a criterion for one or more actions mentioned anywhere above can be
that that change of distance calculated based on the prevailing distance and a reference
distance has reached a threshold.
[0034] In a preferred embodiment, said one or more actions mentioned anywhere above include
sending or displaying a signal, such as an alarm signal. The signal can be a signal
indicating a need for guide rail inspection or a need for repair or a need for compression
release of the guide rail line support equipment supporting the guide rails on a hoistway
wall.
[0035] In a preferred embodiment, the elevator control system is configured to compare the
prevailing distance after each distance determination with a threshold.
[0036] In a preferred embodiment, the elevator control system is arranged to calculate,
preferably after each distance determination, a change of distance based on the prevailing
distance and a reference distance, such as a reference distance between the first
and second position determined earlier using the sensing arrangement.
[0037] In a preferred embodiment, in each said distance determination, the elevator control
system is arranged to drive the car from the first to second position such that no
passengers are within the car.
[0038] In a preferred embodiment, the elevator control system is configured to perform said
distance determinations periodically, preferably a preset number of times in a period,
said period preferably being a month, and said number of times preferably being one,
two, three or more.
[0039] It is also brought forward a new method for monitoring an elevator arrangement by
an elevator control system, in particular for monitoring shrinkage of a building of
an elevator arrangement by an elevator control system, wherein the elevator arrangement
comprises a hoistway formed in a building; an elevator car vertically movable in the
hoistway along one or more guide rails mounted to take lateral support from a hoistway
wall; an elevator control system for controlling movement of the car; a sensing arrangement
connected with the elevator control system, the sensing arrangement comprising a building-mounted
sensing unit mounted on a stationary part of the building, said stationary part preferably
being a hoistway wall or the hoistway ceiling; at least one sensing unit mounted on
the elevator car to travel therewith, wherein the building-mounted sensing unit is
a counterpart for a sensing unit mounted on the elevator car; and the elevator car
is movable by the elevator control system to a first position, which is a reference
position, and to a second position to place a sensing unit mounted on the elevator
car to be level with the building-mounted sensing unit for triggering interaction
between them, the first and second position being vertically displaced from each other;
the method comprising monitoring vertical distance between the first position and
the second position by aid of the sensing arrangement.
[0040] With this solution, one or more of the above mentioned advantages and/or objectives
are achieved.
[0041] Preferable further features/steps of the method are introduced in the following,
as well as above in context of description of the arrangement, which further features/steps
can be combined with the method individually or in any combination.
[0042] In a preferred embodiment, monitoring the vertical distance comprises performing
one or more distance determinations of prevailing distance by the elevator control
system, each distance determination comprising driving the elevator car, in particular
by the elevator control system, most preferably by the local elevator control system,
from the first position to the second position.
[0043] In a preferred embodiment, monitoring the vertical distance comprises performing
repeatedly distance determinations of prevailing distance by the elevator control
system, each distance determination comprising driving the elevator car, in particular
by the elevator control system, most preferably by the local elevator control system,
from the first position to the second position.
[0044] In a preferred embodiment, the elevator control system comprises a local elevator
control system located within the building and a remote monitoring system located
outside the building.
[0045] In a preferred embodiment, each distance determination comprises by the elevator
control system determining the prevailing distance based on length of travel of the
car between the first position and the second position.
[0046] In a preferred embodiment, each distance determination comprises by the elevator
control system determining length of travel of the car between the first position
and the second position.
[0047] In a preferred embodiment, said determining the length of travel comprises measuring
one or more parameters, most preferably measuring at least the amount a wheel rotates
during movement of the car from the first position to the second position, wherein
a rope or a belt connected to the elevator car passes around the wheel. Preferably,
the wheel is a drive wheel rotatable by a motor. Then preferably, the measuring comprises
measuring rotation angle of the motor. Said determining the prevailing distance can
be then performed for example by calculating from the measured angle.
[0048] In a preferred embodiment, the method comprises after each distance determination
analyzing the prevailing distance, said analyzing preferably comprising checking if
the prevailing distance meets one or more criteria.
[0049] In a preferred embodiment, the method comprises performing one or more actions, by
the elevator control system, if the prevailing distance meets one or more criteria.
The preferred details and alternatives of the criteria are described earlier above.
[0050] In a preferred embodiment, said one or more actions include sending or displaying
a signal, such as an alarm signal. The preferred details and alternatives of the signal
are described earlier above.
[0051] In a preferred embodiment, the method comprises comparing, preferably after each
distance determination, the prevailing distance with a threshold.
[0052] In a preferred embodiment, the method comprises calculating, preferably after each
distance determination, change of distance based on the prevailing distance and a
reference distance, such as a reference distance between the first and second position
determined earlier using the sensing arrangement.
[0053] In a preferred embodiment, said distance determination are performed periodically,
preferably a preset number of times in a period, said period preferably being a month,
and said number of times preferably being one, two, three or more.
[0054] In a preferred embodiment, the sensing arrangement comprises a reference sensing
unit mounted on a stationary part of the elevator arrangement on a first level, said
stationary part preferably being a guide rail; and the building mounted sensing unit
is mounted on a stationary part of the building on a second level, wherein the reference
sensing unit and the building-mounted sensing unit are each a counterpart for a sensing
unit mounted on the elevator car; and wherein the elevator car is movable by the elevator
control system to the first position, which is a reference position, to place a sensing
unit mounted on the elevator car to be level with the reference sensing unit for triggering
interaction between them.
[0055] In a preferred embodiment, the method comprises signaling by the sensing arrangement,
preferably to the elevator control system, e.g. by sending a signal to elevator control
system, when the reference sensing unit is level with a sensing unit mounted on the
elevator car, and when the building-mounted sensing unit is level with a sensing unit
mounted on the elevator car.
[0056] In a preferred embodiment, said performing a distance determination comprises driving
the car from the first to second position such that no passengers are within the car.
[0057] In a preferred embodiment, the sensing unit mounted on the elevator car is level
with the reference sensing unit when the elevator car is in the first position wherein
it is level with a landing of the elevator, i.e. when the sill of the car is level
with the sill of the landing, the landing preferably being the uppermost landing,
and the building-mounted sensing unit is at a higher or lower position, preferably
at a higher position, than the reference sensing unit.
[0058] The elevator is in general preferably such that it comprises an elevator car vertically
movable to and from plurality of landings, i.e. two or more vertically displaced landings.
Preferably, the elevator car has an interior space suitable for receiving a passenger
or passengers, and the car can be provided with a door for forming a closed interior
space.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0059] In the following, the present invention will be described in more detail by way of
example and with reference to the attached drawings, in which
Figure 1 illustrates an elevator arrangement according to an embodiment of the invention
implementing the method according to the invention.
Figure 2 illustrates the elevator car of the elevator arrangement of Fig 1 in a first
position in a hoistway.
Figure 3 illustrates the elevator car of the elevator arrangement of Fig 1 in a second
position in a hoistway.
Figure 4 illustrates a partial side view of Fig 2.
Figure 5 illustrates a partial side view of Fig 3.
[0060] The foregoing aspects, features and advantages of the invention will be apparent
from the drawings and the detailed description related thereto.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0061] Figure 1 illustrates an elevator arrangement according to an embodiment. The elevator
arrangement comprises a hoistway 1 formed in a building 2; an elevator car 3 vertically
movable in the hoistway 1 along at least one guide rail G mounted to take lateral
support from a hoistway wall W, in particular by brackets b. The elevator arrangement
comprises an elevator control system 100,101 for controlling movement of the car 3,
and a sensing arrangement 4,5,6 connected over a connection c, which is preferably
a wireless or wired electrical connection, with the elevator control system 100,101.
[0062] The sensing arrangement 4,5,6 comprises a reference sensing unit 5 mounted on a stationary
part of the elevator arrangement on a first level, said stationary part being in the
illustrated embodiment a guide rail G. The sensing arrangement 4,5,6 moreover comprises
a building-mounted sensing unit 6 mounted on a stationary part W of the building on
a second level, said stationary part W being in the illustrated embodiment a hoistway
wall W. Said stationary part could alternatively be the hoistway ceiling.
[0063] The building-mounted sensing unit 6 is preferably carried by the stationary part
W of the building such that when the mounting point of the part W on which the building-mounted
sensing unit 6 is mounted descends due to building shrinkage, the building-mounted
sensing unit 6 descends together with it. For this end, the building-mounted sensing
unit 6 is vertically immovable relative to the stationary part W of the building.
[0064] Likewise, the reference sensing unit 5 mounted on a stationary part of the elevator
arrangement is carried by the stationary part G of the elevator arrangement. The reference
sensing unit 5 is preferably vertically immovable relative to the stationary part
G on which it is mounted.
[0065] The elevator arrangement moreover comprises a sensing unit 4 mounted on the elevator
car 3 to travel therewith, and the elevator car 3 is movable by the elevator control
system 100,101 to a first position, which is a reference position, to place the sensing
unit 4 mounted on the elevator car 3 level with the reference sensing unit 5 for triggering
interaction between them. Moreover, the elevator car 3 is movable by the elevator
control system 100,101 to a second position to place the sensing unit 4 mounted on
the elevator car 3 to be level with the building-mounted sensing unit 6 for triggering
interaction between them. The first and second position are vertically displaced from
each other. The reference sensing unit 5 and the building-mounted sensing unit 5,6
are counterparts for the sensing unit 4 mounted on the elevator car 3.
[0066] The sensing arrangement 4,5,6 is configured indicate, preferably to the elevator
control system 100,101, e.g. by sending a signal to elevator control system 100,101,
when the reference sensing unit 5 is level with sensing unit 4 mounted on the elevator
car 3, and when the building-mounted sensing unit 6 is level with sensing unit 4 mounted
on the elevator car 3.
[0067] The elevator control system 100,101 is configured to monitor distance d between the
first position and the second position by aid of the sensing arrangement 4,5,6. Hereby,
the elevator arrangement can also monitor shrinkage of the building 2 effectively.
[0068] Because the stationary part W on which the building-mounted sensing unit 6 is mounted
is a stationary part of the building, the building-mounted sensing unit 6 mounted
thereon descends slightly when the building shrinks. Thus, the second position descends
slightly when the building shrinks. By monitoring distance d between the second position,
which is dependent on shrinkage of the building, and a reference position, i.e. the
aforementioned first position, shrinkage of the building can be effectively monitored,
[0069] In the preferred embodiment, the reference position is determinable by aid of the
aforementioned reference sensing unit 5. The position of the reference sensing unit
5 is dependent on the position of the stationary part on which it is mounted, i.e.
the guide rail G in the preferred embodiment.
[0070] Monitoring the distance d between the first and second position determined by aid
of sensing units 5, 6 of the sensing arrangement 4,5,6, reveals dimension changes
which can effectively be used for determining building shrinkage or at least as a
basis for an alarm signal. When the stationary part on which the reference sensing
unit 5 is mounted is the guide rail G, as in the preferred embodiment, a change in
distance d indicates at the same time an effect of building shrinkage on the elevator
which effect is highly valuable for elevator maintenance. When the monitoring is focused
such that it reliably and accurately can sense those dimension changes which are most
relevant regarding build of compression in guide rails, those dimension changes need
not be taken into account in guide rail design in the same way as otherwise. For example,
owing to optimally focused, accurate and thereby reliable shrinkage monitoring facilitates
that building up of the compression problems can reliably be eliminated by preemptive
maintenance, and therefore the guide rails G can be dimensioned lighter. This increases
cost efficiency of the elevator in general. Alternatively, the stationary part on
which the reference sensing unit 5 is mounted can alternatively be a stationary part
W of the building, i.e. it can be also a building-mounted sensing unit in the same
way as the aforementioned sensing unit 6, since also distance between two points of
a building can be used to determine shrinkage of the building.
[0071] The elevator control system 100,101 preferably comprises at least a local elevator
control system 100 located within the building 2. Preferably, although not necessarily,
the elevator control system 100,101 additionally comprises a remote monitoring system
101 located outside the building 2 and connected with the local elevator control system
100, as in the preferred embodiment presented in Figures. Use of the remote monitoring
system 101 is advantageous since it can facilitate analysis of the need for maintenance
and schedule optimally the maintenance as well as communicate the related information
forward. Said maintenance may involve releasing of compression built in the elevator
system due to shrinkage. Optimal timing of such release is advantageous since thus
too frequent and too rare release can be avoided. Although, the presented solution
facilitates reliability of shrinkage monitoring to a high level, the remote monitoring
system 101 increases reliability of the solution even further. When the shrinkage
monitoring and the reactions initiated by it are reliable, building of such compressions
need not be taken into account in elevator design, for example in dimensioning of
elevator components, whereby components such as guide rails can be dimensioned lighter.
This increases cost efficiency of the elevator in general.
[0072] In the preferred embodiment, the building 2 comprises concrete as bearing wall material.
Then, the aforementioned stationary part W of the building is preferably made of concrete.
[0073] In the preferred embodiment, the building-mounted sensing unit 6 is fixed on the
stationary part W of the building 2 via a fixing bracket a2, which is in the presented
embodiment a fixing arm a2.
[0074] In the preferred embodiment, the reference sensing unit 5 is fixed on the stationary
part G of the elevator arrangement via a fixing bracket a1, which is in the presented
embodiment a fixing arm. In the preferred embodiment, the elevator control system
100,101 is configured to detect interaction between the reference sensing unit 5 and
a sensing unit 4 mounted on the elevator car 3 and interaction between the building-mounted
sensing unit 6 and the sensing unit 4 mounted on the elevator car 3. This detection
can be based on a signal received from the sensing arrangement.
[0075] Said interaction can be a contact between the interacting sensing units 4 and 5 ;
4 and 6 when they come to be level with each other, e.g. one being contact switch
and the other being a member for actuating the contact switch. Alternatively, said
interaction can be a contactless effect caused by one of the interacting sensing units
4 and 5 ; 4 and 6 on the other. For example, one of the interacting units can be a
proximity sensor and the other can be a member for actuating the proximity sensor.
For example, said other can be arranged to interfere with a metal object thereof a
magnet field generated by said one, or alternatively said other can induce by a magnet
field of a magnet comprised in it an electric current on said one. Thus, one of the
sensing units interacting can at simplest be any object suitable for triggering an
action in the sensing unit to which it is a counterpart. The sensing units could include
for example a light curtain device for transmitting a light curtain and an object
suitable for changing the light curtain in a manner that can be sensed by the light
curtain device. In general, there are numerous alternative sensing units commercially
available that can interact between each other when brought to each other's proximity
such that interaction is enabled, which interaction can be detected by an entity such
as the aforementioned control system 100,101.
[0076] In the preferred embodiment, the first and building-mounted sensing unit 5,6 are
vertically aligned, i.e. on the same vertically oriented straight line, whereby the
same sensing unit 4 mounted on the car 3 can be moved by vertically linear movement
from a position beside the reference sensing unit 5 to a position beside the reference
sensing unit 6. Interaction can thus be simply triggered between the same sensing
unit 4 mounted on the car 3 and both the first and building-mounted sensing unit 5,6.
[0077] In the preferred embodiment, the sensing unit 4 mounted on the car 3 is level with
the reference sensing unit 5 when the elevator car 3 is in a first position wherein
it is level with the uppermost landing L3 of the elevator, i.e. when the sill of the
car 3 is level with the sill of the landing L3, and the building-mounted sensing unit
6 is at a higher position the reference sensing unit 5 whereby for placing the sensing
unit 4 mounted on the car 3 level with the building-mounted sensing unit 6, the car
3 is configured to be moved to a second position which is higher than the first position.
As illustrated, in the preferred embodiment, when the elevator car 3 in said second
position the elevator car 3 is above its highest position of normal elevator use for
transporting passengers, in this case partially in the headroom of the hoistway 1.
High position of the building-mounted sensing unit 6 is advantageous since hereby
it can simple be positioned out of path of the elevator car 3 during normal elevator
use for transporting passengers.
[0078] In the preferred embodiment, the elevator control system 100,101 is configured to
perform repeatedly distance determinations of prevailing distance d between the first
position and the second position, and in each distance determination the elevator
car 3 is configured to be driven, preferably by the local elevator control system
100 of the elevator control system, from a first position to a second position, wherein
when the elevator car 3 is in said first position the sensing unit 4 mounted on the
elevator car 3 is level with the reference sensing unit 5 and wherein when the elevator
car 3 is in said second position the sensing unit 4 mounted on the elevator car 3
is level with the building-mounted sensing unit 6. The car 3 being in the first position
is presented in Figures 2 and 4, and car 3 being in the second position in Figures
3 and 5. In each said detection the elevator control system 100,101 is arranged to
determine the prevailing distance d.
[0079] The elevator control system 100,101 is preferably configured to determine in each
said distance determination the prevailing distance d based on length of travel of
the car 3 between the first position where the sensing unit 4 mounted on the elevator
car 3 is level with the reference sensing unit 5 and the second position where the
sensing unit 4 mounted on the elevator car 3 is level with the building-mounted sensing
unit 6. For this purpose, the elevator control system 100,101 is preferably configured
to determine length of travel of the car 3 between the first position where the sensing
unit 4 mounted on the elevator car 3 is level with the reference sensing unit 5 and
the second position where the sensing unit 4 mounted on the elevator car 3 is level
with the building-mounted sensing unit 6. This is preferably implemented such that
the elevator control system 100, 101 is configured to perform said determining the
length of travel by measuring at least the amount a wheel 7 rotates during movement
of the car 3 from the first position to the second position, wherein a rope or a belt
9 connected to the elevator car 3 passes around the wheel 7. In the preferred embodiment,
the wheel 7 is a drive wheel rotatable by a motor 8. Preferably, the measuring comprises
measuring rotation angle of the motor. Said determining the prevailing distance d
can be then performed for example by calculating from the measured angle.
[0080] The sensing arrangement 4,5,6 provides a signal when the car is placed such that
the counterpart units 4 and 5 are level with each other as well as when the car is
placed such that the counterpart units 4 and 6 are level with each other. In the embodiment
presented, the rope wheel 7 and the rope or belt 9 are used to determine how long
a distance the car 3 travels between a first position where the sensing unit 4 mounted
on the elevator car 3 is level with the reference sensing unit 5 to a second position
where the sensing unit 4 mounted on the elevator car 3 is level with the building-mounted
sensing unit 6. There are alternative ways to determine said length of travel. The
rope or belt need not be a suspension rope or a suspension belt, since in known elevators
encoder systems are known to be used implementing a belt or rope moving together with
the car which belt or rope is separate from the hoisting function of the elevator.
[0081] For the sake of safety and/or accuracy of the determination, preferably in each said
distance determination, the elevator control system 100,101 is arranged to drive the
car 3 from the first to second position such that no passengers are within the car
3. This can be achieved simply during low traffic time, such as during night time,
for example.
[0082] The elevator control system 100,101 is configured to perform after each distance
determination an analysis at least analyzing the prevailing distance d, in particular
checking if the prevailing distance meets one or more criteria.
[0083] The elevator control system 100,101 is configured to perform one or more actions
if the results of said monitoring the distance d between the first and second position
by aid of the sensing arrangement 4,5,6 meets one or more criteria, and particularly
if the prevailing distance d meets one or more criteria.
[0084] One effective criterion is that the prevailing distance d has reached a threshold.
Another, alternative or additional, criterion is that a change of distance d calculated
based on the prevailing distance d and a reference distance has reached a threshold.
Said reference distance can be a distance between the first and second position determined
earlier using the sensing arrangement, or a preset distance such as one input by a
person in context of installing of the elevator.
[0085] For enabling assessment of the first mentioned criterion above, preferably the elevator
control system 100,101 is configured to compare the prevailing distance d preferably
after each distance determination with a threshold.
[0086] For enabling assessment of the second mentioned criterion above, preferably the elevator
control system 100,101 is arranged to calculate , preferably after each distance determination,
change of distance based on the prevailing distance d and a reference distance, such
as a reference distance between the first and second position determined earlier using
the sensing arrangement.
[0087] The aforementioned one or more actions preferably include sending or displaying a
signal, such as an alarm signal. The signal preferably indicates a need for guide
rail inspection or a need for repair or a need for compression release of the guide
rail line support equipment supporting the guide rails on a hoistway wall.
[0088] The elevator control system 100,101 is preferably configured to perform said distance
determinations periodically, preferably a preset number of times in a period, said
period preferably being a month, and said number of times preferably being one.
[0089] In a preferred embodiment of a method for monitoring shrinkage of a building 2, the
method is performed by an elevator control system 100,101, the method comprising monitoring
distance d between a first and building-mounted sensing unit 5, 6 of a sensing arrangement
4,5,6. The sensing arrangement 4,5,6 comprises a reference sensing unit 5 mounted
on a stationary part of the elevator arrangement on a first level, said stationary
part preferably being a guide rail G; a building-mounted sensing unit 6 mounted on
a stationary part W of the building 2 on a second level, said stationary part W preferably
being a hoistway wall W or the hoistway ceiling; and at least one sensing unit 4 mounted
on the elevator car 3 to travel therewith. The elevator car 3 is movable by the elevator
control system 100,101 to a first position to place a sensing unit 4 mounted on the
elevator car 3 to be level with the reference sensing unit 5 for triggering interaction
between them, and to place a sensing unit 4 mounted on the elevator car 3 to be level
with the building-mounted sensing unit 6 for triggering interaction between them.
Figure 1 illustrates an elevator arrangement implementing the method. The elevator
arrangement is as described referring to any of Figs 1-6. The sensing unit 4 mounted
on the elevator car 3 being level with the reference sensing unit 5 is presented in
Figures 2 and 4, and the sensing unit 4 mounted on the elevator car 3 being level
with the building-mounted sensing unit 6 is presented in Figures 3 and 5. The car
3 when it is in its second position is illustrated in Figure 4 by broken line.
[0090] The elevator control system 100,101 preferably comprises a local elevator control
system 100 located within the building 2 and a remote monitoring system 101 located
outside the building 2.
[0091] The aforementioned monitoring the distance d comprises performing repeatedly distance
determinations of prevailing distance d by the elevator control system 100,101, each
distance determination comprising driving the elevator car 3, in particular by the
local elevator control system 100, from a first position to a second position, wherein
when the elevator car 3 is in said first position the sensing unit 4 mounted on the
elevator car 3 is level with the reference sensing unit 5 and wherein when the elevator
car 3 is in said second position the sensing unit 4 mounted on the elevator car 3
is level with the building-mounted sensing unit 6. The car 3 being in the first position
is presented in Figures 2 and 4, and the car 3 being in the second position in Figures
3 and 5.
[0092] Each said distance determination comprises by the elevator control system 100,101
determining the prevailing distance d based on length of travel of the car 3 between
the first position where the sensing unit 4 mounted on the elevator car 3 is level
with the reference sensing unit 5 and the second position where a sensing unit 4 mounted
on the elevator car 3 is level with the building-mounted sensing unit 6.
[0093] In a preferred embodiment, each distance determination comprises by the elevator
control system 100,101 determining length of travel of the car 3 between the first
position where a sensing unit 4 mounted on the elevator car 3 is level with the reference
sensing unit 5 and the second position where a sensing unit 4 mounted on the elevator
car 3 is level with the building-mounted sensing unit 6.
[0094] In a preferred embodiment, said determining the length of travel comprises measuring
one or more parameters, most preferably measuring at least the amount a wheel 7 rotates
during movement of the car 3 from the first position to the second position, wherein
a rope or a belt 9 connected to the elevator car 3 passes around the wheel 7. Preferably,
the wheel 7 is a drive wheel rotatable by a motor 8. Then preferably, the measuring
comprises measuring rotation angle of the motor 8. Said determining the prevailing
distance d can be then performed for example by calculating from the measured angle.
[0095] The method preferably comprises performing after each distance determination analyzing
the prevailing distance d, said analyzing in particular comprising checking if the
prevailing distance d meets one or more criteria.
[0096] The method comprises performing one or more actions by the elevator control system
100,101, if the prevailing distance d meets one or more criteria.
[0097] One effective criterion is that the prevailing distance d has reached a threshold.
Another, alternative or additional, criterion is that a change of distance d calculated
based on the prevailing distance d and a reference distance has reached a threshold.
Said reference distance can be a distance between the first and second position determined
earlier using the sensing arrangement, or a preset distance such as one input by a
person in context of installing of the elevator.
[0098] For enabling assessment of the first mentioned criterion above, preferably the method
comprises comparing the prevailing distance d preferably after each distance determination
with a threshold.
[0099] For enabling assessment of the second mentioned criterion above, preferably the method
comprises calculating, preferably after each distance determination, change of distance
based on the prevailing distance and a reference distance, such as a reference distance
between the first and second position determined earlier using the sensing arrangement.
[0100] The aforementioned one or more actions preferably include sending or displaying a
signal, such as an alarm signal. The signal preferably indicates a need for guide
rail inspection or a need for repair or a need for compression release of the guide
rail line support equipment supporting the guide rails on a hoistway wall.
[0101] Each said performing a distance determination comprises driving the car 3 from the
first to second position such that no passengers are within the car 3. This can be
achieved simply during low traffic time, such as during night time, for example. Preferably,
said distance determinations are performed periodically, preferably a preset number
of times in a period, said period preferably being a month, and said number of times
preferably being one.
[0102] The method preferably comprises signaling by the sensing arrangement, e.g. by the
sensing unit 4 mounted on the car 3, to the elevator control system 100,101, e.g.
by sending a signal to elevator control system 100,101, when the reference sensing
unit 5 is level with sensing unit 4 mounted on the elevator car 3, and when the building-mounted
sensing unit 6 is level with sensing unit 4 mounted on the elevator car 3.
[0103] In the preferred embodiment, the method comprises detecting by the elevator control
system 100,101 interaction between the reference sensing unit 5 and a sensing unit
4 mounted on the elevator car 3 and detecting interaction between the building-mounted
sensing unit 6 and the sensing unit 4 mounted on the elevator car 3. This detection
can be based on a signal received from the sensing arrangement. Said interaction can
be a contact between the interacting sensing units 4 and 5 ; 4 and 6 when they come
to be level with each other.
[0104] With the term prevailing distance d it is meant the vertical distance d between the
first position and the second position at the moment of the determination. If repeated
distance determinations are performed, a prevailing distance becomes an earlier determined
distance after a subsequent distance determination, and the distance determined in
said subsequent distance determination becomes the prevailing distance.
[0105] In the preferred embodiment, the reference position is determinable by aid of the
aforementioned reference sensing unit 5. However, this is not necessary since there
are alternative ways to determine a reference position. For example, the reference
position could be determined using a GPS system.
[0106] It is to be understood that the above description and the accompanying Figures are
only intended to teach the best way known to the inventors to make and use the invention.
It will be apparent to a person skilled in the art that the inventive concept can
be implemented in various ways. The above-described embodiments of the invention may
thus be modified or varied, without departing from the invention, as appreciated by
those skilled in the art in light of the above teachings. It is therefore to be understood
that the invention and its embodiments are not limited to the examples described above
but may vary within the scope of the claims.
1. An elevator arrangement comprising
a hoistway (1) formed in a building (2);
an elevator car (3) vertically movable in the hoistway (1) along one or more guide
rails (G) mounted to take lateral support from a hoistway wall (W);
an elevator control system (100,101) for controlling movement of the elevator car
(3);
a sensing arrangement (4,5,6) connected with the elevator control system (100,101),
the sensing arrangement (4,5,6) comprising
a building-mounted sensing unit (6) mounted on a stationary part (W) of the building
(2), said stationary part (W) preferably being a hoistway wall (W) or the hoistway
ceiling;
at least one sensing unit (4) mounted on the elevator car (3) to travel therewith,
wherein the building-mounted sensing unit (6) is a counterpart for a sensing unit
(4) mounted on the elevator car (3); and
the elevator car (3) is movable by the elevator control system (100,101) to a first
position, which is a reference position, and to a second position to place a sensing
unit (4) mounted on the elevator car (3) to be level with the building-mounted sensing
unit (6) for triggering interaction between them, the first and second position being
vertically displaced;
wherein the elevator control system (100,101) is configured to monitor vertical distance
(d) between the first position and the second position by aid of the sensing arrangement
(4,5,6).
2. An elevator arrangement according to claim 1, wherein the elevator control system
(100, 101) is configured to perform repeatedly distance determinations of prevailing
distance (d), and in each said distance determination the elevator car (3) is configured
to be driven, in particular by the elevator control system (100,101), from the first
position to the second position.
3. An elevator arrangement according to any of the preceding claims, wherein when the
elevator car (3) is in said first position a sensing unit (4) mounted on the elevator
car (3) is level with a reference sensing unit (5) mounted on a stationary part of
the elevator arrangement, and wherein when the elevator car (3) in said second position
a sensing unit (4) mounted on the elevator car (3) is level with the building-mounted
sensing unit (6).
4. An elevator arrangement according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the sensing
arrangement (4,5,6) comprises a reference sensing unit (5) mounted on a stationary
part of the elevator arrangement on a first level, said stationary part preferably
being a guide rail (G); and the building mounted sensing unit (6) is mounted on a
stationary part (W) of the building (2) on a second level, wherein the reference sensing
unit and the building-mounted sensing unit (5,6) are each a counterpart for a sensing
unit (4) mounted on the elevator car (3); and wherein the elevator car (3) is movable
by the elevator control system (100,101) to the first position, which is a reference
position, to place a sensing unit (4) mounted on the elevator car (3) to be level
with the reference sensing unit (5) for triggering interaction between them.
5. An elevator arrangement according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the building-mounted
sensing unit (6) is carried by the stationary part (W) of the building on which it
is mounted, in particular such that when the mounting point of the part (W) on which
the building-mounted sensing unit (6) is mounted descends due to building shrinkage,
the building-mounted sensing unit (6) descends together with it.
6. An elevator arrangement according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the building-mounted
sensing unit (6) is vertically immovable relative to the stationary part (W) of the
building (2).
7. An elevator arrangement according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the reference
sensing unit (5) mounted on a stationary part of the elevator arrangement is carried
by the stationary part (G) of the elevator arrangement on which it is mounted.
8. An elevator arrangement according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the stationary
part (W) of the building (2) on which stationary part (W) the building-mounted sensing
unit (6) is mounted is a wall of the hoistway (W).
9. An elevator arrangement according to any of the preceding claims, wherein said stationary
part (G) on which the reference sensing unit (5) is mounted is a guide rail (G) or
a guide rail bracket (b).
10. An elevator arrangement according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the sensing
unit (4) mounted on the elevator car (3) is level with the reference sensing unit
(5) when the elevator car (3) is in the first position wherein it is level with a
landing (L3) of the elevator, i.e. when the sill of the car is level with the sill
of the landing (L3), the landing (L3) preferably being the uppermost landing (L3),
and the building-mounted sensing unit (6) is at a higher or lower position, preferably
at a higher position, than the reference sensing unit (5), whereby for placing the
sensing unit (4) mounted on the elevator car (3) level with the building-mounted sensing
unit (6), the car is configured to be moved to a second position which is higher or
lower, preferably higher, than the first position.
11. An elevator arrangement according to any of the preceding claims, wherein in each
said distance determination the elevator control system (100, 101) is configured to
determine the prevailing distance (d) based on length of travel of the car (3) between
the first position and the second position.
12. An elevator arrangement according to any of the preceding claims, wherein in each
said distance determination the elevator control system (100, 101) is configured to
determine length of travel of the car (3) between the first position and the second
position.
13. An elevator arrangement according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the elevator
control system (100,101) is configured to perform after each distance determination
an analysis wherein at least the prevailing distance is analyzed, in particular for
checking if the prevailing distance meets one or more criteria.
14. Method for monitoring an elevator arrangement by an elevator control system (100,101),
wherein the elevator arrangement comprises
a hoistway (1) formed in a building (2);
an elevator car (3) vertically movable in the hoistway (1) along one or more guide
rails (G) mounted to take lateral support from a hoistway wall (W);
an elevator control system (100,101) for controlling movement of the car (3);
a sensing arrangement (4,5,6) connected with the elevator control system (100,101),
the sensing arrangement (4,5,6) comprising
a building-mounted sensing unit (6) mounted on a stationary part (W) of the building
(2), said stationary part (W) preferably being a hoistway wall (W) or the hoistway
ceiling;
at least one sensing unit (4) mounted on the elevator car (3) to travel therewith,
wherein the building-mounted sensing unit (6) is a counterpart for a sensing unit
(4) mounted on the elevator car (3); and
the elevator car (3) is movable by the elevator control system (100,101) to a first
position, which is a reference position, and to a second position to place a sensing
unit (4) mounted on the elevator car (3) to be level with the building-mounted sensing
unit (6) for triggering interaction between them, the first and second position being
vertically displaced;
the method comprising monitoring vertical distance (d) between the first position
and the second position by aid of the sensing arrangement (4,5,6).
15. A method according to claim 14, wherein said monitoring the vertical distance (d)
comprises performing repeatedly distance determinations of prevailing distance (d)
by the elevator control system (100,101), each distance determination comprising driving
the elevator car (3), preferably by a local elevator control system (100), from the
first position to the second position.
16. A method according to any of the preceding claims 14-15, wherein when the elevator
car (3) is in said first position a sensing unit (4) mounted on the elevator car (3)
is level with a reference sensing unit (5) mounted on a stationary part of the elevator
arrangement, and wherein when the elevator car (3) is in said second position a sensing
unit (4) mounted on the elevator car (3) is level with the building-mounted sensing
unit (6).
17. A method according to any of the preceding claims 14-16, wherein the method comprises
after each distance determination analyzing the prevailing distance (d), said analyzing
preferably comprising checking if the prevailing distance (d) meets one or more criteria.
18. A method according to any of the preceding claims 14-17, wherein each said distance
determination comprises by the elevator control system (100,101) determining the prevailing
distance (d) based on length of travel of the car (3) between the first position and
the second position.