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(11) | EP 3 671 090 A1 |
| (12) | EUROPEAN PATENT APPLICATION |
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| (54) | IMPROVED COOLING PROCESS AND APPARATUS FOR IMPLEMENTING SAID PROCESS |
| (57) A process for cooling a fluid with an apparatus comprising spraying units (3) controlled
by respective supply valves (4) for supplying a heat-carrier fluid, wherein said spraying
units (3) are activated in a mutually alternating way, according to an operation sequence
in rotation. In the process and the apparatus according to the invention the components
carrying out the cooling are no longer activated according to the exchange power required
only, but also taking into account the operating duration of the spraying units. In
this way there is an exchange between different cooling zones or areas of the apparatus,
which therefore are each subjected to a shorter period of cooling by the spraying
units, with evident advantages in terms of maintenance and good overall operation
of the system.
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BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
[0001] The present invention concerns an improved cooling process and the related cooling apparatus.
[0002] The field of the invention is that of systems for cooling single-phase or two-phase fluids, in turn used in refrigerating or conditioning systems, or in industrial heat exchange systems.
[0003] The systems to which the invention refers are in particular of the type provided with ducts for the fluid to be cooled, which enters a heat exchange pack where it is cooled by means of an air circulation provided by respective fans and by means of adiabatic panels that pre-cool air sucked by fans through the heat exchange pack, and by means of spray nozzles wetting the surface of the heat exchange pack with water.
[0004] In the prior art relative to exchangers described here, the above-mentioned components are activated only as a function of the exchange power required. This has the drawback of keeping constantly in operation the same initial cooling area of the exchanger, in which the corresponding adiabatic pack is the one that receives the spraying action for the longest period of time. As a result, the adiabatic pack where the initial cooling takes place is subjected to the highest number of working hours and is therefore more liable to malfunctions and requires more frequent maintenance to remove residues (limescale and similar) left by the cooling water.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
[0005] The main aim of the invention is to provide a cooling process, and the related apparatus, adapted to avoid the above-mentioned drawbacks.
[0006] This aim is achieved by the process and apparatus of claims 1 and 5, respectively. Preferred embodiments of the invention are disclosed in the remaining claims.
[0007] According to the invention, the spray nozzles for cooling the adiabatic packs are activated alternately, namely in a rotation cycle sequence in which the spray nozzles operate in alternate phases. In this way, while in a first phase some spray nozzles are active and others are at rest, in the subsequent phases this operating state is varied or exchanged between the spray nozzles within the overall cooling system.
[0008] In the process and apparatus according to the invention, the components that perform the cooling are therefore no longer activated only as a function of the exchange power required, but also taking into account the operating time of the spray nozzles. In this way there is an exchange between different zones or cooling areas of the apparatus according to the invention, which are therefore each subjected to a shorter period of use, with evident advantages in terms of maintenance and good overall operation of the system.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0009] This and other objects are achieved by the process and apparatus of the present invention, illustrated by way of non-limiting example in the figures of the attached drawings,
wherein:
- Figure 1 schematically illustrates an example of a cooling apparatus according to the invention,
- Figure 2 schematically illustrates the operating principle of the cooling system provided on the apparatus of Figure 1;
- Figure 3 illustrates the dry operation diagram of the system in Figure 2;
- Figure 4 illustrates the diagram of Figure 2, in a dry operation state in combination with pre-cooling of air on both the adiabatic panels;
- Figures 5A, 5B illustrate the diagram of Figure 2, in operation with fans, in combination with one single adiabatic panel on one side of the cooling apparatus and with one and two spraying units, respectively, on the opposite side;
- Figures 6 and 7 illustrate the operation diagram of Figure 2, with rotating operation of two spraying units on both sides of the apparatus;
- Figures 8 and 9 illustrate the diagram of Figure 2, with rotating operation of three spraying units; and
- Figure 10 illustrates the diagram of Figure 2 with full operation of the cooling system (fans, plus adiabatic panels, plus all the spraying units).
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
[0010] The apparatus according to the invention, illustrated in Figure 1, comprises a framework 10 above which a fan assembly 1 is mounted which sucks cooling air (arrow F in Figure 1) through adiabatic panels 2a and 2b. The fluid to be cooled in the heat exchange packs (not shown in the figures) enters through inlets 5a, 5b of the apparatus of Figure 1 and exits through outlets 6a, 6b.
[0011] The diagram of the cooling system of the heat exchange packs illustrated in Figure 2 comprises said fans 1, which pre-cool air sucked by the fans by contact with the wet surface of said packs. Spraying units are also provided, consisting of pipes 3a,3b,3c,3d which bear respective spraying nozzles for spraying water to cool the heat exchange packs. Respective valves 4a,4b,4c,4d control the water delivery to the cited spraying units 3a, 3b, 3c, 3d. It should be noted that the invention is not limited to the four spraying units shown in the figures, since the number of these units can vary from two or more.
[0012] Cooling water is supplied through an inlet 5 and is split into a branch 6, conveying cooling water to the valves 4a-4d, and a branch 7 conveying water to the adiabatic panels 2.
[0013] In a first cooling mode of the heat exchange packs of the apparatus in Figure 1, the cooling is carried out in a dry condition, namely by circulation of air by the fans 1 only (Figure 3).
[0014] In a second mode, cooling by passage of air through the adiabatic panels 2a, 2b is added to the circulation of air by the fans 1 (Figure 4).
[0015] In the cooling mode illustrated in Figures 5A and 5B, with the cooling apparatus split into two sides or parts 9a, 9b separated by a centre line 8, the cooling action performed by the spraying unit 3a located on the side 9a of the cooling apparatus (Figure 5A) or by both the spraying units 3a, 3b located on the same side 9a, by opening of the respective valves 4a and 4b (Figure 5B), is added to the cooling action of the fans 1 and the single adiabatic panel 2b located on the side 9b of the apparatus. The principle is to obtain a higher cooling level than that illustrated in Figure 4, by introducing the operation of one or two spraying units on one side of the cooling apparatus, while maintaining on the opposite side the cooling action due to the respective adiabatic panel.
[0016] More specifically, the operating sequence with rotation cycle of said spraying units 3a, 3b, 3c, 3d is performed in such a way that, when only one adiabatic panel is operating, at least one spraying unit 3a, 3b, 3c, 3d is simultaneously activated on the side of the apparatus opposite to the side on which said adiabatic panel is located.
[0017] In the cooling mode illustrated in Figures 6 and 7, the cooling action due to the activation of a spraying unit on both sides 9a, 9b of the apparatus, i.e. the unit 3b on the side 9a and the unit 3c or the unit 3d on the side 9b of the same cooling apparatus, respectively, is added to the cooling action of the fans 1 and both the adiabatic panels 2a, 2b. The rotation between said two operating modes of Figures 6 and 7 described above is obtained by opening the valves 4b, 4c and 4b, 4d, respectively.
[0018] In this phase, therefore, the spraying unit 3a, which in the preceding phases was in operating state, is now kept turned off, while the remaining units 3c, 3d operate in a mutually alternating way or in rotation.
[0019] In the operating modes illustrated in Figures 8 and 9, the cooling action of the fans 1 and the adiabatic panels 2a, 2b is integrated with the action performed by three spraying units, i.e. the units 3b, 3c, 3d, respectively, in the version illustrated in Figure 8, and the units 3a, 3c, 3d in the version of Figure 9. Also in this case, and according to the invention, the operating modes illustrated in said Figures 8 and 9 are rotated by opening the valves 4b, 4c, 4d and 4a, 4c, 4d, respectively.
[0020] The most complete or highest cooling level is obtained in the mode illustrated in Figure 10, where the cooling is provided together by the fans 1, the adiabatic panels 2a, 2b and all the spraying units 3a, 3b, 3c, 3d.
[0021] The intervention of the different cooling modes described above can be determined as a function of the specific requirements of the cooling system, based on the overall operating time of the spraying units, or also based on the modes required for the specific intended use of the system.
[0022] Modifications can be made to the invention, as described above and illustrated in the figures of the attached drawings, in order to provide variations, which anyway fall within the protective scope defined in the appended claims.
[0023] Thus, for example, the number of spraying units and related valves could be different. Furthermore, the presence of the adiabatic panels, for example, is not necessary since the cooling system according to the invention can achieve the claimed effects also through the spraying units 3a-3d only, operating in rotation.
1. A process for cooling a fluid with an apparatus comprising spraying units (3) controlled
by respective supply valves (4) for supplying a heat-carrier fluid, characterized in that said spraying units (3) are activated in a mutually alternating way according to
an operation sequence with a rotation cycle between them.
2. The process according to claim 1, characterized in that said spraying units (3) are activated with alternating operation between individual
spraying units and/or sets of two or more spraying units.
3. The process according to claim 2, characterized in that said apparatus further comprises cooling air circulation fans (1) and adiabatic panels
(2), characterized in that it provides for the activation of said fans (1) and said panels (2) in combination
with said spraying units (3) with an alternating operation sequence or according to
a rotation cycle between them.
4. The process according to claim 3, characterized in that said operation sequence of said spraying units (3) according to a rotation cycle
operates in such a way that, divided the cooling apparatus into two sides (9a, 9b)
separated by a centre line (8), when only one adiabatic panel (2) on one of said sides
(9a) or (9b) is operating, at least one spraying unit (3) is simultaneously activated
on the other side of the apparatus, opposite to the side on which said adiabatic panel
(2) is located.
5. A cooling apparatus for implementing the process according to one or more of the preceding
claims, comprising fans (1), adiabatic panels (2), and spraying units (3), controlled
by respective valves (4), for spraying water on the heat-exchange packs of said apparatus,
wherein said panels (2) are located distributed on the parts (9a, 9b) of said apparatus,
characterized in that it provides a control system for the duration times of said operating modes according
to a rotation cycle of said spraying units, adjusted based on the required cooling
needs.