[0001] This invention relates to washing machines and has particular reference to automatic
washing machines that are preset by a user to cycle through pre-arranged programs
[0002] Such machines usually draw in a volume of water sufficient to wash a maximum permissible
full load, although some machines give the user the option of selecting a program
suitable for a smaller load - the so-called "half-load". When this option is selected,
the machine draws in a preset volume of water that is smaller than the permissible
full load volume.
[0003] The maximum permissible load also depends upon the type of material that the articles
to be washed are made from. Articles of synthetic materials can, in general, be loaded
to half the capacity allowed for articles made of cotton, and articles of wool materials
can, in general, be loaded to approximately one quarter the capacity allowed for articles
made of cotton. The volume of water normally drawn for a full load of cottons is not
necessarily the same as that drawn for a full load of synthetic materials or for wool,
the latter normally requiring much more water in order to impart a more gentle washing
action.
[0004] It is a matter of considerable difficulty for the user to be certain of the weight
of a load of clothes to washed. Although it is possible to weigh each load of articles
before loading it into the machine, if the user finds that the load is greater than
the "half-load", the latter program cannot be used, and the full load program must
be selected even though the load to be washed may not be a full load.
[0005] This is wasteful of water and of energy to heat the unnecessarily large volume of
water and also of detergent. In practice, because of this difficulty, the half-load
program is seldom used and many washes are carried out at 2/3 the maximum load using
the full amount of water and detergent and the maximum consumption of energy.
[0006] It would be possible to have an infinitely- adjustable water level control device
operable by the user to draw water into the machine in a quantity required for a weighed
load of clothes of a particular type - but this would require very skilled judgement
which the average user does not possess.
[0007] Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to provide a washing machine
in which the problems just referred to are reduced.
[0008] According to the present invention, a washing machine has a water flow control device
operable to control the admission of water to the machine, a weight responsive device
responsive to the weight of articles to be washed when loaded into the machine and
to the weight of water admitted to the machine for a program cycle or a part thereof,
and a control system adapted to respond to an output from the weight responsive device
and being adapted to assess the weight of water required by the weight of articles
and to actuate the water flow control device to terminate the admission of water when
the required weight of water has been admitted.
[0009] Automatic variation of the weight of water to be admitted will occur in those machines
having special selectable programs for washing articles of specified types of material.
Thus, in the case of woollen articles, selection of a "wool" program would determine
the weight of water to be admitted to a value appropriate to woollen articles and
to the weight of such articles in the machine.
[0010] The machine may incorporate a control system that is preset to respond to different
outputs from the weight responsive device which characterise load and water weights
appropriate to the program selected by the user.
[0011] In one embodiment of the invention, the control system is adapted to indicate to
the user when the weight of articles loaded into the machine exceeds the maximum weight
appropriate to a selected program. The maximum weight will be different for articles
of different types of material. The indication may be audible or visual or both.
[0012] The weight responsive device may be fitted to the support system supporting the washing
machine drum/drive mechanism and tub assembly and the control system may be such as
to respond to an increase in weight of the assembly above a particular value or values.
[0013] After manufacture, the weight of the washing machine drum/drive mechanism and tub
assembly may be measured and the value thereof entered into the control system, such
value being hereinafter referred to as the datum weight. For practical purposes, the
datum weight will be slightly in excess of the precise weight of the washing machine
drum/drive mechanism and tub assembly alone to cater for conditions existing after
the first use of the machine when, in many cases, a small weight of water is retained
in the tub from the previous use. The slight excess represents a predetermined maximum
weight of water that can be allowed to be retained in the tub at the commencement
of a washing program.
[0014] The datum weight can thus be used to check, at the commencement of a washing program,
that the weight of water retained in the tub does not exceed the predetermined maximum.
If it is found that an excessive weight of water has been retained, the control system
is preferably adapted to take steps to cause the excess water to be pumped out of
the machine.
[0015] Because the weight of water retained in the tub may vary somewhat, an accurate assessment
may now be made of the actual weight of the machine drum/drive mechanism and tub assembly
combined with the weight of the retained water and used to assess the weight of articles
loaded into the drum at the commencement of a washing program. The actual weight of
the machine drum/drive mechanism and tub assembly combined with the weight of the
retained water (after pumping out if this has taken place) is herein referred to as
the first assessed weight and is stored temporarily in the control system for use
in assessing the weight of articles loaded into the drum.
[0016] It will usually be required to allow the entry of a measured weight of water at the
commencement of a program involving a "wash" stage. Although such programs also include
one or more "rinse" stages, it is not essential to assess the weight of the water
to be drawn in at the commencement of each rinse stage because it can be assumed that
the weight of "rinse" water bears a fixed relationship to the weight of water drawn
in for the "wash" stage. Each "rinse" stage may require the same weight of water as
the "wash" stage or a proportion only of that weight. Alternatively, where a small
load of articles is to be dealt with, the control system may be adapted to reduce
the number of "rinse" stages,.or it is also sometimes arranged that all rinses be
carried out with a preset maximum weight of water in order to achieve the best rinse
possible irrespective of the weight of the load of articles or the type of material
of the articles,
[0017] Thus, the weight responsive device and control system would, in most cases, require
the calculation of the required weight of water only at the initial part of a program
involving a "wash" stage on selection of such a program by the user or as described
above. During the "rinse" stages, an already calculated weight of required water would
be used to control the inflow of "rinse" water.
[0018] For some programs, the washing machine will draw in both hot and cold water and,
in this case, the control system preferably incorporates means for sensing the temperature
of water in the tub of the machine and for regulating the inputs of hot and cold water
according to the sensed temperature. In order to be accurate, in some embodiments,
weighing must be effected with the drum stationary, i.e. not revolving, and as water
in the tub has to be agitated to mix incoming hot and cold supplies and ensure a homogeneous
mix for temperature sensing, incoming water is taken first from one supply and then
the other depending upon the sensed temperature, the drum being slowly rotated briefly
after each intake. The sequencing of the temperature sensing means, the valves controlling
the inflow of hot and cold water and the monitoring of the weight of water admitted
is determined by the control system. In some cases, it may be preferable to effect
weight measurements in the intervals between the intake of water and when the drum
is at a standstill.
[0019] Where the washing machine has washing programs requiring an amount of water different
from that determined simply in accordance with the weight of articles, the control
system is adapted to ensure that the different amount of water is admitted. The selection
by the user of a program requiring the different amount of water provides the appropriate
input to the control system to indicate the different amount of water is required.
In addition to varying the amount of water to be admitted as required by the selected
program, the control system determines that a further variation is required if the
weight of the contents of the drum to be processed according to the selected program
so requires.
[0020] Another variable that the user is required to control is the amount of detergent
to be used for a specified program. The amount of detergent required for a wash is
related to the hardness of the water and to the weight of water admitted and also
depends on a number of other factors, for example, the degree of soiling of the articles
and this the user can determine fairly easily, and the weight of the load. Conventionally,
the user is told to add an amount of detergent appropriate to a full load and, of
course, when the load is not a full one, detergent is wasted.
[0021] In one embodiment of the invention, the control means also indicates the amount of
detergent required, or, if the machine incorporates an automatic detergent feed, the
control means regulates the automatic feed to ensure the required amount of detergent
is admitted. The detergent indicator may indicate the required amount on a 1-8 scale
of required measures, one measure being 25 gm for example.
[0022] The control system may comprise a microprocessor programmed to provide other control
features as well, for example speed control of the driving motor, monitoring of program
variables including incoming water temperature to determine heating time when water
temperatures above that of the water supply are required.
[0023] The weight responsive device may be a transducer for example a load cell or a strain
gauge and may be associated with the resilient support system supporting the machine
drum/drive mechanism and tub assembly.
[0024] By way of example only, an embodiment of the invention will now be described in greater
detail with reference to the accompanying drawings of which:-
Fig. 1 is a schematic end view of part only of the embodiment,
Fig. 2 is a perspective view showing in more detail, and partly in exploded form,
a support system,
Fig. 3 is a vertical section of a component of the support system of Fig. 2,
Fig. 4 is a block schematic of a control circuit,
Fig. 5 is a perspective view showing schematically part of a modified form of support
system,
Fig. 6 is a vertical section through a component of the support structure shown in
Fig. 5, and,
Fig. 7 is a vertical section through an alternative form of the component shown in
Fig. 6.
[0025] The embodiment is a domestic automatic washing machine of generally conventional
construction having a tub 1 inside which is a washing drum (not shown) rotatable about
a horizontal axis by a driving motor 2 via driving pulleys 3 and 5 and a driving belt
4.
[0026] The tub 1, washing drum motor 2, driving pulleys 3, 5 and belt 4 comprise the drum/drive
mechanism and tub assembly which is mounted upon two spring supports 6 upstanding
from the base 7 of the machine. The spring supports are, as is conventional, suitably
damped to prevent, as far as is possible, resonance in the support system during the
acceleration of the drum to its maximum spin speed and at that speed. Although Fig.
1 shows only two supports 6, more, for example, four may be employed,
[0027] Weights 8 are attached to the tub to minimise the amplitude of any orbital movement
of the tub. Such movement, about the horizontal axis of the drum, tends to occur with
out-of-balance loads in the drum as the latter accelerates during "spin".
[0028] Associated with the support system for the drum/ drive mechanism and tub assembly
is a weighing system comprising one or more transducers. The weighing system inputs
over a lead 9 to a control unit indicated schematically by block 10 which controls
the operation of the washing machine. Also inputting to the control unit is a user
control indicated schematically by block 11 having controls 12 operable by a user
to select a required program and to enter other information into the control unit
10.
[0029] Water is fed into the tub 1 via water flow control means 13, which may be electro-magnetically
operated flow control valves, and a detergent dispenser 14. Opera- the of the water
flow control means 13 is controlled by the control unit 10 as indicated in Fig. 1.
The control unit 10 has other outputs, for example, to a detergent quantity indicator
referred to below, or to an automatic detergent dispenser when fitted.
[0030] Fig. 2 shows in more detail part of the support system of the washing machine shown
in Fig. 1.
[0031] The base 7 of the machine has lateral flanges 15 to which side panels of the machine
are secured. The base . 7 is supported upon feet 16 adjustable to level the machine.
Alternatively, the base 7 may be supported upon rubber-tyred wheels which may or may
not include adjusters to level the machine.
[0032] Extending fore and aft along the sides of the base 7 are inverted channel-shaped
members 17. The spring supports 6 are each secured centrally to the base of one of
the members 17 via resilient mounting blocks 18 clamping plates 18a, 18b and locking
nut 18c. Holes 19 beneath the points of attachment of the springs 6 to the members
17 provide clearance to ensure that there can be no contact between the support 6
and the base 7•
[0033] The ends of the members 17 rest on and are secured to transducers indicated schematically
at 21 and locatedin recesses in the base 7. Straps 20 secured to the base 7 extend,
as shown, over the ends of the members 17 at the locations of the transducers 21.
The straps 20 prevent any upward movement relative to the base 7 of the members 17
and thereby ensure that the transducers 21 cannot be dislodged from the recesses in
which they are located. Dislodgement might otherwise occur, for example, when the
machine is in transit.
[0034] Each transducer comprises, as is shown in Fig. 3, a cup-like container 21a closed
by a flexible diaphragm 22 rigidly secured by a stud 23 to the base of the member
17. The centre of the diaphragm is strengthened by discs 23a held in place by the
stud 23. The diaphragm 22 permits vertical movement of the member 17 but prevents
lateral movement.
[0035] The container 21a locates in a recess 7a in the base 7, the recess 7a being apertured
to accommodate a pressure-responsive transducer element 25 fitted to the container
21a as shown. The transducer element 25 is of the piezo-resistive type, i.e. of the
type whose electrical resistance varies with applied pressure. The containers 21 are
each fitted with a suitable liquid, for example a "thin oil" or a silicone liquid.
[0036] The transducer elements 25 are connected electrically in series and their aggregated
outputs thus provide an indication of the total load imposed on them irrespective
of the distribution of that load between the elements.
[0037] The arrangement just described overcomes the major problem associated with the derivation
of an accurate indication of total weight of a load of articles in the drum, that
of obtaining the indication in all conditions of distribution of the load within the
drum.
[0038] If the load is supported equally by the supports 6, each transducer element 25 will
experience an equal increase in the pressure in the container and the aggregated output
of the elements accurately indicates the weight of the load.
[0039] If the load is not evenly distributed and one support 6 is more heavily loaded than
the other, the elements 25 supporting the more heavily loaded support will experience
a greater pressure and the elements 25 support- in
g the less heavily loaded support will experience a lesser pressure than would be the
case with equally loaded supports. However, the aggregated output of all the elements
25 will indicate accurately the weight of the load.
[0040] In the cases just described, it has been assumed that the load is centred with regard
tc the front and back of the drum. If the load is located towards the back of the
drum, the tub assembly tends to lean backwards with the result that the elements 25
at the rear ends of the members 17 are more heavily loaded and those at the front
ends less heavily loaded than would be the case if the load was accurately centred.
Again, however, the aggregate outputs of the elements 25 gives an accurate weight
indication
o
[0041] In similar manner, a load located towards the front of the drum causes the elements
25 at the front end of the members 17 to be more heavily loaded and those at the rear
ends less heavily loaded. The aggregate output, again, provides an accurate weight
indication.
[0042] The support system described above with reference to Figs. 1 and 2 is, preferably,
used with an automatic washing machine controlled by a control system including a
microprocessor. Such a control system is readily adapted to receive output signals
from the elements 25 via a suitable input interface, to react to such signals and
to transmit, via suitable output interfacing, control signals to operate water flow
control valves, pumps, visual displays as required by a selected program.
[0043] A suitable control system is shown schematically in Fig. 4. An input interface 26
is joined to a program selector operable by a user to select a desired program, to
an input from a control operable by the user to indicate the degree of soiling of
the articles to be washed if different from a "standard" degree of soiling programmed
into the system, a "start" control and a "power on" control.
[0044] Interface 26 converts those inputs to a form acceptable to a control microprocessor
indicated by block 27 whose output is converted by an output interface unit indicated
by block 28 to output signals for operating the water flow control valves, a detergent
display 29, the pump motor 2 and water heater of the washing machine, a loading door
interlock and an "overweight" display. The loading door interlock is a locking mechanism
which locks the drum loading door in its closed position so preventing a user opening
the door until the lock is released. An example of a suitable loading door interlock
is described in U.K, Patent Specification No. 2,031,053A.
[0045] The amount of detergent required depends upon the weight of clothes to be washed,
the extent of soiling of the clothes, the amount of water used for the wash and the
hardness of the water used. The extent of soiling of the clothes, if different from
the standard, is programmed into the microprocessor by the user by means of the control
referred to above. The hardness of the water in the locality in which the machine
is being used is also programmed into the microprocessor by the user as a semi- permanent
input and requires alteration only if the user moves to a different locality where
the water hardness is different. The other two variables are sensed automatically
as will be described later.
[0046] Having assessed the amount of detergent required, the microprocessor will activate
the display 29 to indicate the required amount on, for example, a 1-8 scale of required
measures, one measure being 25 gm. Thus, if the display 29 shows 2, the user is required
to insert 2 measures, i.e. 50 gm of detergent into the dispenser 14.
[0047] The microprocessor 27 has a further output which, when energised, applies, via output
interface 28, an energising voltage to the elements 25 and to a comparator 30 which
acts to compare the voltage output from the elements 25 with the energising voltage
and transmits to the input interface 26 a signal indicating the difference.
[0048] The transducer elements 25 are, for example, of the gauge pressure type, i.e. the
type using atmospheric pressure as a reference. The output voltage from an element
25 is given by the equation
V = Vi + S(P) where Vo = output voltage Vi = input voltage S = element sensitivity P = pressure.
[0049] Before loading the drum with articles to be washed, and with the drum loading door
closed, the power on control is operated. The resultant signal fed to the microprocessor
causes the latter to output and via the output interface an energising voltage is
applied to the elements 25. The door interlock is also actuated to lock the drum load-
in
g door.
[0050] Depending upon the load to which they are exposed, the elements 25 will transmit
an output voltage to the comparator 30, the difference signal transmitted by the latter
indicating the load. That difference signal is compared, in the microprocessor, with
the stored datum weight. In the normal course of events, the difference signal will
equate with the stored datum weight or be less than that datum weight and the microprocessor
will then output to release the loading door lock and allow a user to open the door
and commence loading articles to be washed into the drum. The microprocessor will
also store temporarily the sensed weight of the machine drum/drive mechanism and tub
assembly and any water retained therein from a previous use of the machine provided
that the weight of retained water does not exceed a predetermined maximum weight -
this sensed weight being referred to herein as the first assessed weight.
[0051] The datum weight as has been explained above is in excess of the actual weight of
the machine drum/drive mechanism and tub assembly alone, the excess representing the
maximum weight of water that can be allowed to be retained in the tub at the commencement
of a washing program.
[0052] However, it may be that the tub contains an excessive amount of water from a previous
use of the machine and which, for some reason, was not pumped away during that use.
Should that be the case, as will be indicated by the comparison between the difference
signal and the stored datum weight, the microprocessor will command the pump to operate
to pump away the excess water. At the same time, the microprocessor will maintain
the drum loading door in its locked condition. As the excess water is pumped away,
the difference signal will gradually approach the stored datum weight and, in due
course, the microprocessor will stop the pump and release the loading door lock when
the difference signal equates with the datum weight whereupon the user can then open
the door and commence to load the articles to be washed into the drum, The microprocessor
will also store temporarily the sensed weight of the machine drum/drive mechanism
and tub assembly and retained water - the first assessed weight - referred to above.
[0053] During the loading of the clothes, the energising voltage is maintained so that the
elements 25 will monitor continuously the weight of the loaded articles.
[0054] When the loading is finished, the user closes the loading door. At this stage, the
elements 25 will be transmitting an output voltage indicating the combined weight
of the machine drum/drive assembly and tub mechanism and the weight of the articles
loaded into the drum. That combined weight is compared, in the microprocessor, with
the temporarily stored first assessed weight to give the weight of the articles loaded
into the drum.
[0055] The user now selects a required program and any other required options e.g. degree
of soiling if different from the standard. Should the weight of loaded articles exceed
that appropriate to the selected program an indication is given over the "overweight"
output and the user then removes articles from the drum until the indication ceases.
The loading door must be closed after articles have been removed from the drum.
[0056] The microprocessor will now calculate the weight of water required, will output the
display 29 tc indicate the amount of detergent required and will disable the "start"
control. The user then loads the required amount of detergent into the dispenser 14.
The dispenser 14 is accessed in some suitable manner to permit it to be loaded with
the detergent after which means associated with the access indicates to the microprocessor
that "start" control can be enabled. The user then operates the "start" control to
indicate to the microprocessor that the machine is now to be cycled through the selected
program.
[0057] The microprocessor then permits the entry of water to the tub. The energising voltage
to the elements 25 has been maintained by the microprocessor so that the admission
of water is continuously monitored and when a weight of water appropriate to the loaded
weight of articles, selected program, extent of soiling, as calculated by the microprocessor,
has been admitted, the microprocessor signals the water flow control means 13 to terminate
the inflow of water.
[0058] The washing machine is then sequenced by the microprocessor through the remaining
stages of the selected program. At the end of the program, the temporarily stored
first assessed weight is deleted from the microprocessor.
[0059] It will usually be required to monitor the weight of water admitted at the commencement
of a program involving a "wash" stage. Although such programs also include one or
more "rinse" stages, it is not essential to assess the weight of water admitted to
the machine at the commencement of each rinse stage because it can be assumed that
the weight of the "rinse" water bears a fixed rela- ticnship to the weight of water
admitted for the "wash" stage. Each "rinse" stage may require the same weight cf water
as the "wash" stage or a proportion only of that weight. In either case, the microprocessor
is programmed to permit the entry of the predetermined weight of water. Alternatively,
the microprocessor may be programmed to allow the rinse water to flow in for a predetermined
time calculated to give the required rinse water weight.
[0060] Alternatively, where a small load of articles is to be dealt with, the microprocessor
may be programmed to reduce the number of "rinse" stages.
[0061] For some programs, the washing machine will draw in both hot and cold water during
the initial part of a program involving a "wash" stage. In that case, the control
system will incorporate means for sensing the temperature of water in the tub. Such
sensors will input to the microprocessor via the input interface 26 and the microprocessor
will be programmed to regulate the admission of hot and cold water according to the
sensed temperature. The total weight of water is, cf course, controlled in the manner
described above.
[0062] If both hot and cold water is admitted, it is usually necessary to rotate the drum
slowing during admission to "mix" the water in the tub during admission to ensure
a homogeneous mix for temperature sensing. In this case, the microprocessor is programmed
to allow the admission cf water first from one supply and then from the ether depending
upon the sensed temperature, and to allow slow rotation of the drum briefly after
each intake. Weight measurements are then taken by energising the elements 25 during
the intervals between the intake of water and when the drum is stationary.
[0063] Where the washing machine has washing programs requiring an amount of water different
from that determined simply in accordance with the weight of articles, the control
system is adapted to ensure that the different amount of water is admitted. The selection
by the user of a program requiring the different amount of water provides the appropriate
input to the control system to indicate the different amount of water is required.
In addition to varying the amount of water to be admitted as required by the selected
program, the control system determines that a further variation is required if the
weight of the contents of the drum to be processed according to the selected program
so requires.
[0064] An alternative weight sensing configuration to that shown in Fig. 2 and using one
sensor only is shown in Fig. 5. The configuration shown in Fig. 5 is generally similar
to that shown in Fig. 2 except that the containers 21a do not each house an element
25 but instead are interconnected by ducting 31 joined by a branch pipe 32 to a fifth
container 33 housing a single element 25. Included in the branch pipe 32 is a restrictor
34 whose function is to damp out transient changes in pressure in the liquid in the
containers such as occur during rotation of the drum.
[0065] The single element 25 of the Fig. 5 configuration is energised and operates in the
manner described above with reference to Fig. 4, except that, with the Fig. 5 configuration,
it is not necessary periodically to stop the drum during admission of water in order
to sense the weight of admitted water. The restrictor 34 will damp out any transient
pressure changes due to vertical oscillations of the drum due to rotation thereof
for water mixing. This has the advantage of reducing the time required to admit water
at the commencement of a program involving a "wash" stage.
[0066] It is, of course, also possible to house the single element 25 in one of the four
containers 21a but not in a separate container as is the case in the ccnfig- uration
of Fig. 5. In that case, although restrictors can be included they are not as effective
in damping out all transient responses.
[0067] In both configurations, however, it is necessary to ensure that there is no possibility
of upward movement of the members 17 because such movement would permit liquid to
flow from one container to another in response to differing pressures therein. Thus,
the straps 20 must be so dimensioned and fitted as to prevent such upward movement.
[0068] Fig. 6 shows, in vertical section, a form of container suitable for the alternative
configurations just referred to. A diaphragm unit 35 is located by a shallow recess
7a in the base 7 of the machine and is secured thereto by means of a bolt 36. The
flexible upper surface 37 of the unit 35 is secured to the base of the associated
member 17 by a fitment 38 with a threaded boss 39 with an internal branched bore 40.
A branch pipe 41 with a coupling 42 fitted over the boss 39 communicates with the
interior of the unit 35 via the bore 40. A closed end nut 44 screwed down on the boss
39 secures the fitment to the surface 37 of the unit 35.
[0069] Also secured to the base 7 adjacent the unit 35 is a bolt 45 that extends upwardly
from the base 7 through an aperture 46 in the base of the member 17. The bolt 45 carries
a washer 47 of a diameter larger than that of the aperture 46.
[0070] After the units 35 have been fitted and the pipes 41 interconnected between the units
and with the inclusion of an additional container as in Fig. 5 above or without it
as in the alternative configuration, liquid is pumped into the system via a connector
48 (Fig. 5) until the bases of the members 17 contact the associated washers 47 or
until a specified clearance is reached.
[0071] An alternative and simplified form of the container 21a is shown in Fig. 7. A cup-shaped
vessel 49 whose curved wall is apertured as at 50, accommodates a bag 51 of a resilient
material, for example rubber. The bag 51 is disc-shaped so as to fit easily within
the vessel 49 and has a connector 52 that extends through the aperture 50. Seated
upon the bag 51 and partly located within the upper part of the vessel 49 is a piston
53 with an integral central boss 54 that extends through the base of the member 17
and is secured thereto by a non-releasable fastener 55. The vessel 49 and the piston
53 may be made of a suitable plastics material.
[0072] The connectors 52 are used to interconnect the bags 51 with each other and with an
additional container housing a pressure responsive element as in the configuration
shown in Fig. 5.
[0073] Instead of incorporating the display 29 and the necessary controls, the machine may
include an automatic detergent dispenser. In this case, the user simply fills the
dispenser which thereafter dispenses, under the control of the microprocessor, a required
weight of detergent.
[0074] In the event that the washing machine is not fitted with means for indicating to
a user when the weight of articles loaded into the machine exceeds the maximum permitted
weight, instructions will be provided that set out the maximum permitted weights for
loads of articles of the various materials that the machine will wash and the user
must ensure that these maximum weights are not exceeded.
[0075] It will be appreciated that the tub may be supported by a spring suspension system
from the top of the machine.
[0076] The construction just described has the advantage that the amount of water drawn
into the machine is automatically set at the minimum required for the load in the
drum thereby avoiding wasting water and energy in heating the water either before
it enters the machine and/or in the machine itself.
1. A washing machine having a water flow control device operable to control the admission
of water to the machine, a weight responsive device respcnsive to the weight of articles
to be washed when loaded into the machine and to the weight of water admitted to the
machine for a program cycle or a part thereof, and a control system adapted tc respond
to an output from the weight responsive device and being adapted to assess the weight
of water to be admitted to the machine as determined by factors including the loaded
weight of the articles and to actuate the water flow control device to terminate the
admission of water to the machine when the required weight of water has been admitted.
2. A machine as claimed in claim 1 in which the control system is also adapted to
indicate to a user when the weight of articles loaded into the machine exceeds the
maximum weight appropriate to a selected program.
3. A machine as claimed in claim 2 in which the indication comprises an audible or
visible warning or both.
4. A machine as claimed in any one of claims 1-3 in which the weight responsive device
is associated with resilient means supporting the washing machine drum/drive mechanism
and tub assembly and is adapted to respond to an increase of the assembly above a
datum weight (as herein defined) and to transmit to the control system an indication
of the sensed increase in weight to determine whether the tub assembly contains excessive
water and to initiate the removal of any excess water present.
5. A machine as claimed in claim 4 in which the control system is adapted to store
temporarily a first assessed weight (as herein defined) and to use that weight to
assess the weight of articles loaded into the drum.
6. A machine as claimed in claim 5 in which the first assessed weight is determined
by the weight responsive device at the commencement of every washing cycle prior to
articles being loaded into the drum.
7. A machine as claimed in claim 4, 5 or 6 in which the weight responsive device comprises
a plurality of liquid filled containers each with a flexible wall which supports the
resilient means.
8. A machine as claimed in claim 7 in which the resilient means comprises at least
two upstanding resilient struts, each strut being mounted upon an elongate horizontal
member lying parallel to the axis of the drum and supported at each end by the flexible
wall of a liquid filled container.
9. A machine as claimed in claim 8 in which the means are provided for limiting upward
movement of the elongate members.
10. A machine as claimed in any one of claims 7-9 in which each container has associated
with it a transducer responsive to pressure changes in the liquid in the container.
11. A machine as claimed in any one of claims 7, 8 or 9 in which the containers are
interconnected one with another and to a further container with which is associated
the transducer responsive to pressure changes in the liquid in the further container.
12, A machine as claimed in any one of claims 4-11 in which the machine is adapted
to take in both hot and cold water, in which rotation of the drum occurs periodically
during admission of water, and in which the weight responsive device is controlled
to sense the admitted water rate only when the drum is at a standstill,
13. A machine as claimed in accordance with any one of the preceding claims and further
comprising a detergent supply means and in which the control system is adapted to
control the detergent supply means to allow the admission to the machine of a quantity
of detergent determined in accordance with the required weight of water and the degree
of soiling of articles tc be washed.
14. A machine as claimed in any one of claims 1-12 in which there is an indicator
for indicating to a user the amount of detergent to be added, the indicator being
actuated by the control system to display an amount as determined by the required
weight of water and the degree of soiling of the articles.