Apparatus for the knockdown of cast pieces

Description

[0001] The present invention relates to an apparatus according to the features of the precharacterising part of claim 1.

[0002] Until now, in order to detach the useful pieces obtained by casting from the risers, that is from those parts of the cast material which have solidified in the ducts through which the molten material is introduced into the moulds at the end of the casing and then to separate the pieces from the risers themselves, tumbling or rotary barrels or even vibratory machines have been used which generally work discontinuously. One of these machines is described in the German patent No. DE-C-435,166, granted on 24th December, 1925 in the name of Deutsche Machinenfabrik.

[0003] In known apparatus the detachment of the risers, runners and burrs from the useful pieces occurs due to the specific pressure of the useful pieces against each other and, when the operation is finished, the useful pieces and detached parts are conveyed onto sieving devices; in certain cases the useful pieces are separated manually since the risers, because of their particular irregular form and because of the friction which they present, do not slide easily in the sieving apparatus.

[0004] The object of the present invention is to provide automatically-operating apparatus for the knockdown and the immediate subsequent separation and removal of the useful pieces from the parts detached therefrom so as to achieve the detachment of the risers and other parts progressively and without jamming, even for useful pieces of complex form, devoid of smoothness, and hence without damage to the useful pieces themselves.

[0005] This object is achieved by an apparatus as set out above according to the features of the characterising part of claim 1. Modifications of the subject-matter of claim 1 are contained in the dependent claims 2 to 7.

[0006] The constructional and functional characteristics of the knockdown and separating apparatus according to the invention will be more clearly understood from the following detailed description of a preferred but non- exclusive embodiment, the description being made with reference to the appended drawings given purely by way of example, in which:

Figure 1 is a perspective view of knockdown apparatus according to the invention, complete in all its principal parts;

Figure 2 is a lateral view of the apparatus of Figure 1, in a more schematic form, with the bottom or lid locked in a first position of opening, while

Figure 3 shows, again from the side, the same apparatus, as the preceding figure, with the bottom arrested in a second position of opening.

[0007] With reference to the drawings, the apparatus of the present invention is consti- . tuted by a support framework 1, of metal sections, at the top of which is located a frame 2, also of metal sections, arranged to support for rotation a barrel 3 with its axis horizontal. The frame 2 is pivotally mounted at 4 on two rear pillars of the support framework 1 and, at its opposite end, is fixed to the front pillars of the framework 1 so as to be adjustable by means of two rods or plates 5, each of which is provided with an elongate slot 6 and is pivotally connected at one end to the frame 2; in each slot 6 is inserted a screw-threaded bolt or the like 7, fixed to the front pillars of the framework 1, and arranged to allow the locking of the rods 5 at a desired position and hence to allow the achievement of different inclinations of the frame 2 (and hence also of the barrel 3) with respect to the horizontal plane.

[0008] The rotatable barrel 3 is cylindrical, in the form shown in the drawings, with a rear open end 8, to allow the loading of the pieces 4 for knockdown, and with the opposite end closed by a movable lid 9, mounted for axial movement away from the mouth of the barrel 3 by means, and for the reasons, which will be explained below. The barrel 3 is rotatably mounted on the inclinable frame 2 by means of pairs of driving rollers 10-11 (one pair on each longitudinal side of the frame 2); the rollers of each pair are connected to each other by a transmission shaft 12 and are mounted idly on support lugs 13-14 fixed to each longitudinal side of the frame 2. A motor 15 and a chain and gear transmission, generally indicated 16 in the drawings, are provided for rotating at least one pair of the rollers 10-11 whereby these latter rotate the barrel 3 by friction. The barrel may also have longitudinal raised ribs 17-18 etc. on its internal surface for the known function of improving and/or accelerating the detachment of the waste parts from the usable pieces.

[0009] The movable lid 9 is mounted for axial translational movement relative to the mouth of the barrel 3 by means of an actuator device 19, operated by compressed air or the like, slidably mounted on a box support body 20 by means of a guide plate 21.

[0010] The opening movements of the lid 9 are arrested by stops at distances which are predetermined in dependence on the shape or size of the pieces to be discharged separately from each other.

[0011] The lid 9 is constituted by a disc-shaped body 22 forming the sealing means for mating with the edge of the barrel 3, to which disc body is fixed a cylinder 23 of smaller diameter than that of the interior of the barrel and peripherally provided with ribs or longitudinal projections 24-25 etc., equidistant from each other and arranged to form separate passages between each pair of ribs and the internal edge of the mouth of the barrel, the passages being of substantially labyrinthine form and variable width according to the degree of opening of the lid 9.

[0012] Within the framework 1, beneath the discharge mouth of the barrel 3, is arranged a chute body 26, pivotally mounted on pins 27 supported by two opposite support plates 28. The chute 26 is made to oscillate about the pins 27 by a piston 27 operated by compressed air or hydraulically, which drives a crank 30 connected to a wall of the chute 26 or acts at the axis of rotation of the chute itself. Hence the piston 29 can make the chute 26 oscillate so as to lower one or other of its opposite discharge ends alternately and hence allow the discharge of the product coming from the barrel 3 in two different directions, specifically onto two separate chutes 31 and 32. The chute 31 has a sieve bottom 33, with two collecting ducts 34 and 35 the first of which allows the discharge of the waste products of smaller size and the other the remaining pieces.

[0013] The sieve chute 31 is provided with a vibratory drive 36 which, if required, can vibrate the sieve 31 to facilitate the sieving and separation of the products during their passage along the chute 31 itself.

[0014] The apparatus is provided with a loading device, constituted by a chute or scoop 37, connected in orientable or oscillating manner to a cross member 38 which is mounted for vertical movement along two opposite uprights 39-40 by means of end rollers guided within guide rails formed along the internal faces of the uprights 39-40. The raising and lowering of the chute 37 is achieved by means of a geared motor 41 with a pulley which drives a chain 42 connected to the cross member 38. The inclination of the chute, loaded with products, in correspondence with the open loading mouth of the barrel is achieved by suitable known means not shown. Finally, in order to facilitate the loading of the chute 37, a trap or pit 43 may be provided in the plane on which the apparatus rests and into which the chute can descend down to the level of the said plane.

[0015] The knockdown operation occurs, as stated above, by the impact of the bodies introduced into the barrel due to the rotation thereof and, as the pieces become detached, as a result of the inclination of the barrel 3, the pieces will tend to move towards the lower end of the barrel where, if the lid 9 is slightly removed, (Figure 2), the ribs 24-25 etc., will form, together with the lid, a sieve and allow the passage of the desired pieces only, retaining all the other pieces within the barrel. After a predetermined time, by means of a command given by a central control unit of known type (not shown), the movable lid will be opened completely (Figure 3) and simultaneously the piston 29 will make the oscillating chute 26 change its position so that the pieces remaining in the barrel (that is, the useful pieces) will be conveyed onto the other discharge chute.

[0016] More particularly, Figure 2 shows the apparatus with the lid 9 slightly open whereby the pieces are discharged onto the chute 32, while Figure 3 shows the position of discharge of the products of larger size by means of the chute 31, with the oscillating chute inclined towards the chute 31 itself.

[0017] When the pieces also require deburring, the operation is carried out as follows:

The deburring and knocking down are carried out with the lid of the barrel closed, so that the pieces which have already been broken off continue to knock against each other and against the internal ribs of the barrel and cause even the burrs to be knocked off, then the movable lid is opened to a desired extent to allow the passage and discharge of the waste pieces, and finally the lid 9 is opened completely and the oscillating chute 26 is rotated simultaneously so as to allow the discharge of the pieces remaining in the barrel in the other direction.

[0018] When a further separation of the pieces which leave with the cover slightly withdrawn (or even completely withdrawn) is required, the vibratory sieve 31 allows this separation to be effected.

[0019] The loading of the apparatus may also be made, as well as with the scoop 37, also by other means such as continuous belt conveyors, in which case it will be possible to feed two similar knockdown apparatuses alternately.

[0020] Clearly, numerous modifications and variants may be made to the embodiment of the invention described above without thereby departing from the scope of protection of the invention itself; thus for example, the barrel may be formed with a polygonal, oval or other cross section, the drive system for the oscillating chute may be achieved by other, analogous means and the lid may also be perfectly flat, hemi-spherical or differently shaped.

Claims

1. Apparatus for the knockdown of cast pieces and the selective separation of useful pieces from the detached waste parts, comprising a framework (1) supporting a rotary barrel (3) having a charging end (8) for the introduction of pieces to be worked and a discharge end for the discharge of useful pieces and waste parts, a chute conveyor (26) oscil- latably mounted beneath said discharge end for conveying pieces onto collecting chutes (31, 32) and drive means (10, 11, 12, 15, 16) for the barrel (3), characterised in that it comprises a lid (9), removably closing the discharge end of the barrel (3), said lid (9) being mounted for translational movement relative to the barrel (3) and arrestable at predeterminate distances from the discharge end of the barrel (3), so as to create apertures of different widths for the selective discharge of the pieces, drive means (19) for the lid (9), drive means (29) for changing the inclination of the chute conveyor (26), to convey separately useful pieces and waste parts onto the collecting chutes (31, 32), a central control unit for the programmed control of said drive means (15, 19, 29).

2. Apparatus according to Claim 1, wherein the said barrel (3) is mounted with its axis inclined to the horizontal by means of a support frame (2) of adjustable inclination.

3. Apparatus according to Claim 1 or Claim 2, wherein the said movable lid (9) is driven by a pneumatic or like actuator (19) and is provided, peripherally, with ribs or the like (24, 25) disposed so as to constitute substantially labyrinthine paths in cooperation with the discharge end of the barrel (3), arranged to select the discharged products.

4. Apparatus according to any of Claims 1 to 3 wherein the said barrel is rotated by rollers or the like (10) driven by a geared motor (15).

5. Apparatus according to any of Claims 1 to 4, wherein at least one of the said separate collecting chutes (31) has a sieve bottom (33) and is associated with a vibratory drive or the like.

6. Apparatus according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the said oscillating chute conveyor (26) is driven by a pneumatic actuator or the like (29) and has two opposite discharge ends cooperating alternately with the said separate collecting chutes (31, 32).

7. Apparatus according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein a chute or scoop (37) is provided for loading the barrel (3) and is raisable in a vertically guided manner and orientable about a horizontal axis to allow the introduction of pieces to be worked into the open end (8) of the said barrel (3).

Revendications

1. Appareil pour démasselotter des pièces coulées et pour séparer sélectivement des pièces utiles des déchets détachés, comprenant une charpente (1) supportant un tonneau rotatif (3) comportant une extrémité de chargement (8) pour l'introduction des pièces à traiter et une extrémité de débit pour le débit des pièces utiles et des déchets, une goulotte transporteuse (26) montée de manière à pouvoir osciller en dessous de l'extrémité de débit afin de transporter des pièces sur des goulottes collectrices (31, 32) et un dispositif d'entraînement (10, 11, 12, 15, 16) pour le tonneau (3), caractérisé en ce que: il comprend un couvercle (9) fermant de manière amovible l'extrémité de débit du tonneau (3), ce couvercle (9) étant monté de manière à pouvoir effectuer un mouvement de translation par rapport au tonneau (3) et à pouvoir être arrêté à des distances prédéterminées de l'extrémité de débit du tonneau (3), de manière à créer des ouvertures de largeurs différentes pour le débit sélectif des pièces, un dispositif d'entraînement (19) pour le couvercle (9), un dispositif d'entraînement (29) pour modifier l'inclinaison de la goulotte transporteuse (26) afin de transporter séparément les pièces utiles et les déchets sur les goulottes collectrices (31, 32), une unité centrale de commande pour la commande programmée des dispositifs d'entraînement (15, 19, 29).

2. Appareil suivant la revendication 1, dans lequel le tonneau (3) est monté de telle sorte que son axe soit incliné par rapport à l'horizontale au moyen d'un cadre de support (2) dont l'inclinaison est réglable.

3. Appareil suivant la revendication 1 ou 2, dans lequel le couvercle mobile (9) est entraîné par un actionneur pneumatique ou analogue (19) et est pourvu, périphériquement, de nervures ou de moyens analogues (24, 25) disposés de manière à constituer en substance des trajets tortueux en coopération avec l'extrémité de débit du tonneau (3), propres à sélectionner les produits débités.

4. Appareil suivant l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 3, dans lequel le tonneau est entraîné en rotation par des galets ou des organes analogues (10) entraînés par un moteur-réducteur (15).

5. Appareil suivant l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 4, dans lequel au moins une des goulottes collectrices séparées (31) comporte un fond de criblage (33) et est associée à un dispositif d'entraînement vibrant ou à un dispositif analogue.

6. Appareil suivant l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans lequel la goulotte transporteuse oscillante (26) est entraînée par un actionneur pneumatique ou un dispositif analogue (29) et comporte deux extrémités de débit opposées coopérant en alternance avec les goulottes collectrices séparées (31, 32).

7. Appareil suivant l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans lequel une goulotte ou un godet (37) est prévu pour charger le tonneau (3) et peut être élevé d'une manière guidée verticalement et être orienté autour d'un axe horizontal de manière à permettre l'introduction de pièces à traiter dans l'extrémité ouverte (8) du tonneau (3).

Ansprüche

1. Einrichtung zum Brechen von Gusstuecken und zur selektiven Abscheidung der brauchbaren Stuecke vom abgebrochenen Ausschuss, bestehend aus einem Rahmen (1), der eine Drehtrommel (3) traegt, deren eines Ende (8) fuer die Beschickung mit den zu bearbeitenden Stuecken und deren anderes Ende als Auslass fuer die brauchbaren Stuecke und den Ausschuss dient, einer unterhalb besagtem Auslassende montierten Schuettelrutsche (26) zur Befoerderung der Stuecke auf Sammelrutschen (31, 32), und Antriebsvorrichtungen (10, 11, 12, 15, 16) fuer die Trommel (3), dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass diese einen beweglichen Deckel (9) besitzt, der das Auslassende der Trommel (3) schliesst, und dieser Deckel (9) derart montiert ist, dass er sich mit Bezug auf die Trommel (3) auf gleicher Ebene fortbewegen kann und in bestimmten Abstaenden vom Auslassende der Trommel (3) festgestellt werden kann, sodass verschieden weite Oeffnungen fuer den selektiven Auslass der Stuecke entstehen, einer Antriebsvorrichtung (19) fuer den Deckel (9), einer Antriebsvorrichtung (29) fuer die Neigungsaenderung der Schuettelrutsche (26), um dadurch brauchbare Stuecke und Ausschuss getrennt auf die Sammelrutschen (31, 32) zu befoerdern, einer zentralen Steuereinheit fuer die programmierte Steuerung besagter Antriebsvorrichtungen (15, 19, 29).

2. Einrichtung gemaess Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Trommel (3) mittels eines in seiner Neigung regulierbaren Tragrahmens (2) mit zur Horizontalen geneigter Achse montiert ist.

3. Einrichtung gemaess Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der bewegliche Deckel (9) durch einen pneumatischen Antrieb oder gleichwertiges (19) betaetigt wird, und dass der Umkreis mit Rippen oder aehnlichem (24, 25) bestueckt ist und diese Rippen derartig angeordnet sind, dass sie in Zusammenwirkung mit dem Auslassende der Trommel (3) im wesentlichen Labyrinth-Spalten bilden zwecks Klassierung des ausstroemenden Materials.

4. Einrichtung gemaess den Anspruechen 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Trommel mittels Rollen oder gleichartiger Vorrichtung (10) von einem Getriebe-Motor (15) in Rotation versetzt wird.

5. Einrichtung gemaess den Anspruechen 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass mindestens eine der einzelnen Sammelrutschen (31) einen Siebboden (33) besitzt und mit einem Vibrator oder einer aehnlichen Vorrichtung gekoppelt ist.

6. Einrichtung gemaess einem der vorgenannten Ansprueche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die besagte Schuettelrutsche (26) von einem pneumatischen Antrieb oder einer aehnlichen Vorrichtung (29) betrieben wird und zwei sich gegenueberliegende Auslaesse besitzt, die alternativ die beiden einzelnen Sammelrutschen (31, 32) bedienen.

7. Einrichtung gemaess einem der vorgenannten Ansprueche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Trommel (3) mittels einer Foerderrinne oder Schaufel (37) beschickt wird, die hochziehbar in senkrechten Fuehrungen laeuft und ueber einer Horizontalachse so ausgerichtet werden kann, dass das Einschuetten von zu bearbeitenden Stuecken durch das offene Ende (8) in die Trommel (3) ermoeglicht wird.

Drawing