Conjugate filament spinning process

Abstract

 In spinning a conjugate filament, the orifice is in the form of a slot (20), and an interface (26) between two conjugated polymers flowing through the orifice extends transversely across the slot in at least two locations. The spun stream thus comprises a plurality of separate spun interfaces. Preferably the slot meanders back and forth across the Interface (26). The spun stream is solidified, and may thereafter be separated into sub-filaments. The two polymers are for example nylon 66 and polyethylene terephthalate.

Description

[0001] The invention relates to the art of spinning conjugate filaments having at least two interfaces between different polymers.

[0002] It has long been known to spin conjugate filaments having a single interface between different polymeric components. Conjugate filaments having a plurality of interfaces between different polymeric components are likewise known, as typified by' Hayashi U.S. Patent 4,051,287, the disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference. As disclosed therein, alternating segments of polyamide and polyester are spun in side-by-side adhering relationship to form a hollow filament. The Hayashi spinning process involves forming a large number of separate polymer interfaces prior to the spinneret orifice, which entails a considerable complexity in the conjugation plates prior to the spinneret itself.

[0003] According to the present invention, the conjugation plates upstream of the spinneret can be considerably simplified by appropriate design of the spinneret orifice.

[0004] According to a major aspect of the invention, there is provided a spinning process for producing a spun stream comprising a plurality of separate spun interfaces from a given single interface between different polymers in a supply stream, the given interface extending generally parallel to the direction of the supply stream, the process comprising :

passing the supply stream through a spinneret orifice, the orifice being effectively in the form of an elongated slot, a first portion of the given interface passing through and extending transversely across the width of the slot at a first location along the length of the slot, and a second portion of the given interface passing through and extending transversely across the width of the slot at a second location along the length of the slot; and solidifying the spun stream issuing from the slot.

[0005] According to another aspect of the"invention, the polymers in the supply stream are in sheath-core relationship.

[0006] According to another aspect of the invention, the slot meanders back and forth across the interface.

[0007] According to another aspect of the invention, the solidified spun stream is thereafter separated into a plurality of sub-filaments.

[0008] Other aspects of the invention will in part appear hereinafter and will in part be obvious from the following detailed description taken in connection.with the accompanying DRAWING in which :

The single FIGURE is a bottom plan view (looking up) of the preferred spinneret orifice used in practising the invention.

[0009] As shown in the FIGURE, the preferred spinneret construction includes several generally arched or horseshoe-shaped slots 20 in spinneret blank 22 arranged symmetrically about a central point, the open ends of the horseshoe shape facing inwardly. The several slots 20 constitute a combined orifice for spinning a single filament. Slots 20 extend entirely through blank 22 except for a recessed web region 24 at the apex of each slot 20. The two different polymers are fed to the combined orifice as a sheath-core supply stream, with dotted circle 26 representing the interface between the two polymers. The adjacent ends of adjacent slots 20 are sufficiently close that the streams issuing therefrom unite just below the spinneret. The molten spun stream is thus a hollow structure composed of alternating axially extending segments of the two polymers. Surface tension and other effects tend to make the molten spun stream approach a hollow circular cross-section prior to solidffication, substantially as shown in Hayashi U.S. Patent 4051287, Figure 1.

[0010] The spinning process thus produces a spun stream comprising a plurality of separate spun interfaces from the single sheath-core interface between the different polymers in the supply stream, the sheath-core supply interface extending generally parallel to the direction of the supply stream. This is accomplished in this embodiment by passing the supply stream through a spinneret orifice having the form of an elongated slot. A first portion of the supply interface passes through and extends transversely across the width of the slot at a first location along the length of the slot, and a second portion of the supply interface passes through and extends transversely across the width of the slot at a second location along the length of the slot.

[0011] As disclosed specifically above, the several individual slots 20 are so nearly spaced as to be effectively in the form of a single continuous slot. Each individual slot 20 provides for a spun sub-stream having two interfaces, and the illustrated combined orifice provides a combined spun stream having 12 interfaces between different polymeric components.

EXAMPLE I

[0012] Nylon 66 polymer and polyethylene terephthalate polymer, each of normal molecular weight for apparel end uses, are extruded at a temperature of 290°C. through the combined orifice, the nylon polymer being the core of the sheath-core stream approaching the combined orifice. Equal volumes of the two polymers are supplied, with the extrusion rate selected to produce a conjugate filament having a denier of 19.5 at a spinning speed of 1500 yards (about 1350 meters) per minute. A quench zone just beneath the spinneret and 1.5 meters in height is supplied with quenching air at 20⁰C., the air being directed horizontally onto the polymer stream and having a speed of 25 meters per minute. Below the quench zone, steam is applied to the filament, a conventional finish is applied, and the filament is wound.

[0013] The spun filament is then drawn at 65 meters per minute and at a draw ratio of 2.16 over a contact heater at 132°C., the heater being 0.4 meters long. The resulting drawn yarn. can be mechanically worked to break the conjugate filament into 12 subfilaments.

EXAMPLE II

[0014] Seventeen of the above spun filaments are spun simultaneously and collected as a multifilament yarn under the spinning conditions of Example I. The spun yarn is then draw-textured at 540 meters per minute over a two meter heater set at 220°C. The resulting textured yarn, when separated into sub-filaments and relaxed, is very voluminous and has high covering power.

EXAMPLE III

[0015] Example I is repeated, except that the spinning speed is increased to 4500 meters per minute while the denier of the conjugate filament is reduced to 4. The resulting sub-filaments, after separation and immersion in boiling water, form a highly voluminous and lofty yarn. Fabrics formed from the conjugate yarn acquire a very soft hand and increased bulk and covering power when the fabric is mechanically worked enough to separate the yarn into sub-filaments. Simple exposure of the fabric to boiling water is adequate in many instances, since the flexing of the yarn involved in certain fabric formations separates the sub-filaments.

Claims

1. A spinning process for producing a spun stream comprising a plurality of separate spun interfaces from a given single interface between different polymers in a supply stream, the said given interface extending generally parallel to the direction of the supply stream, the process comprising :

a. passing the supply stream through a spinneret orifice, the orifice being effectively in the form of an elongated slot, a first portion of the interface passing through and extending transversely across the width of the slot at a first location along the length of the slot, and a second portion of the interface passing through and extending transversely across the width of the slot at a second location along the length of the slot; and

b. solidifying the spun stream issuing from the slot.

2. A process as defined in Claim 1, in which the slot meanders back and forth across the interface.

3. A process as defined in Claim 1 or Claim 2, in which the polymers in the supply stream are in sheath-core relationship.

4. A process as defined in any of the preceding claims, in which the solidified spun stream is thereafter separated into a plurality of sub-filaments.

Drawing