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(11) | EP 0 084 725 B1 |
| (12) | EUROPEAN PATENT SPECIFICATION |
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| (54) |
Improvement in or relating to staircases Treppe Escalier |
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| Note: Within nine months from the publication of the mention of the grant of the European patent, any person may give notice to the European Patent Office of opposition to the European patent granted. Notice of opposition shall be filed in a written reasoned statement. It shall not be deemed to have been filed until the opposition fee has been paid. (Art. 99(1) European Patent Convention). |
[0001] This invention relates to staircases, and particularly to a new method for the surfacing of staircases.
[0002] Staircases in new buildings are in the main constructed from pre-cast concrete beams or of concrete cast in situ. The surfaces of staircases constructed by either method are rough and uneven, and have to be screeded on both the riser and tread by the builder, to provide a dimensionally correct and level structure, with a smooth surface for the ultimate acceptance of a floor covering.
[0003] To ensure the stairs are level and dimensionally acceptable it is necessary for the builder to level and fix wooden battens on each step edge and infill with a screeding compound. After screeding each step, the staircase is closed to pedestrians for some hours, until the screed is set; imposing a restraint on further building activity, the wooden battens being left in position to act as a step edge protector against construction damage. The recesses left on ultimately removing the battens are filled in by the flooring contractor, with more screeding compound, when the building is virtually completed.
[0004] It has been proposed to cover staircases with a type of cladding as for example as disclosed in German published Patent Applications 1,629,291 and 2,500,693. These disclosures do not, however provide systems which can readily be built up on site, and accommodate either of the two different tread/riser angles in common use (90° and 81°). US Patent No. 3197934 discloses an interlocking sectional floor or wall construction which provides a smooth surface using interlocking extruded sections. This particular construction is however not used to clad staircases and furthermore is unsuitable for completely covering a staircase.
[0005] We have now devised a means of overcoming the present building restraints using a prefabricated staircase cladding.
[0006] According to the present invention there is provided a staircase cladding for an unfinished preformed staircase which comprises cladding for the treads and risers of the staircase and which is characterised in that the cladding comprises panels of metal or plastic which are adapted to fit together to completely surface the staircase and have supporting legs to support them on the unfinished staircase.
[0007] Concrete staircases are provided with either a 90° angle or an 81° angle between the tread and riser. In the present invention a riser cladding panel is provided which can preferably also be used as part of the tread cladding panel. The remainder of the tread cladding panel can then be a piece to clad the nose of the tread, and which can be provided in different widths and configurations to suit the different staircase types.
[0008] Preferably the cladding panels comprise metal or plastics facings and support legs, and the latter are preferably integral with the facings.
[0009] The support legs may usefully extend transversely relative to the stair for which the cladding is intended, and preferably substantially the whole width of the stair. In this way the cladding panels may be metal or plastics extrusions.
[0010] The invention also provides a method for the surfacing of a staircase which comprises applying to said staircase a cladding described above.
[0011] The cladding panels are preferably bonded to the staircase, for example by bedding the supports into screeding or an adhesive composition, but may, if desired, be attached to the staircase by other means e.g. screws.
[0012] The invention will now be more particularly described by means of the embodiment shown in the accompanying drawings in which
Figure 1 is a side perspective view of a staircase and cladding according to the invention,
Figure 2 is a detailed sectional view showing a variation of the cladding shown in Figure 1, and
Figure 3 is a sectional view showing the use of part of the cladding to surface a landing.
[0013] As shown in Figure 1 a staircase cladding consists of a riser cladding panel 1 and a tread cladding panel 2 in two parts A and B. Part A of the tread cladding panels is identical with the riser cladding panel 1.
[0014] All parts of the cladding panels are metal or plastics extrusions with facings 3 having grooves 4 profiled to take self-tapping screws 7 for the attachment of fittings such as carpet grippers 5, 6, or staircase nosings 8 (see Figure 2).
[0015] Support legs 9, which are an integral part of the extrusions, extend across the transverse width of the cladding panels, and during laying are bedded in adhesive or screeding compound.
[0016] Type A panels have a beaded head end 10, and a grooved depressed tail end 11, arranged so that it will allow the head end 10 to overly it. The groove in the tail end 11 accepts the bead of the head end when two type A panels are laid head to tail as in Figure 3 to cover a landing or when the two type A panels are at 81° or 90° as at positions X and Y in Figure 1.
[0017] Part B of the head cladding panel is intended to cover the nose of the stair. It has a flat head portion 12 which will overly the tail of the part A, and a tail portion 13 dimensioned to overhang the concrete step edge and having a slot 14 into which the beaded head portion 10 of a type A riser cladding panel will fit. Part B may be provided in different widths to allow for different step depths.
[0018] Figure 2, illustrates a variation of part B of the tread cladding panel which has a step 15 up to a high facing 16 and an extra overhanging portion 17 both of which are to allow a carpet edge to be fitted up to it, the intention being to stick the carpet onto the other parts of the cladding, or fit it to grippers located as shown in Figure 2.
[0023] d. The flooring contractor does not have to remove the wooden battens and make good with screeding compound.
1. A staircase cladding for an unfinished preformed staircase which comprises cladding
for the treads and risers of the staircase characterised in that the cladding comprises
panels (2) of metal or plastics which are adapted to fit together to completely surface
the staircase and having supporting legs (a) to support them on the unfinished staircase.
2. Staircase cladding according to claim 1 characterised in that the cladding panels
have integral supporting legs (9) each extending across the width of a panel.
3. A staircase cladding according to claim 1 or 2 characterised in that the cladding
panels comprise a first type panel (2A) adapted to cover a riser or a flat portion
of a tread and a second type panel (2B) adapted to clad the nose portion of a step,
the riser cladding consisting of only first type panels, the tread cladding consisting
of first and second type panels.
4. A staircase cladding according to claim 1, 2 or 3 characterised in that the two
panel types each have edges (10, 11, 12, 13) which are shaped to interengage with
the opposite edge of an adjacent panel such that in use the panels will interengage
edge to edge to assist accurate positioning.
5. A staircase cladding according to any of claims 1 to 4 characterised in that the
two panel types (2A and 2B) are in the form of extrusions.
6. A staircase cladding according to any one of claims 1 to 5 characterised by also
containing surface grooves (4) profiled to take screws to enable fittings to be attached
to a cladded staircase.
7. A method of cladding a staircase characterised by covering the staircase with cladding
panels as claimed in any one of the preceding claims.
8. A method according to claim 7 characterised in that the supporting legs of the
cladding panels are bedded in an adhesive or screeding compound, leaving space beneath
said cladding panels which can be utilised for wiring.
9. A method according to claim 7 or 8 characterised by applying one first type panel
(2A) to each stair riser and one first type panel (2A) and one second type panel (2B)
to each stair tread, the first and second type panels being dimensioned to cover the
staircase in this way.
1. Treppenbelag für eine unbearbeitete, vorgeformte Treppe, wobei die Trittfläche
und der Stich der Treppe belegt werden, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Belag Paneele
(2) aus Metall oder Kunststoff ausweist, welche so ausgebildet sind, daß sie zusammengefügt
werden. können, um vollständig die Treppe abzudecken, Stützbeine (a) aufweisen, um
die Paneele auf der unbearbeiteten Treppe abzustützen.
2. Treppenbelag nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Belagspaneele integrale
Stützbeine (9) aufweisen, die sich über die Breite eines Paneels erstrecken.
3. Treppenbelag nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Belagspaneele
aus einem ersten Paneeltyp (2A) bestehen zum Abdecken eines Stichs oder eines flachen
Abschnitts einer Trittfläche, und aus einem zweiten Paneeltyp (2B) zum Belegen des
Nasenbereichs einer Treppe, und daß der Stichbelag nur aus den Paneelen vom ersten
Typ und der Trittflächenbelag aus den Paneelen vom ersten und vom zweiten Typ besteht.
4. Treppenbelag nach Anspruch 1, 2 oder 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die beiden
Paneeltypen Kanten (10, 11, 12, 13) aufweisen, welche derart ausgebildet sind, daß
sie mit gegenüberliegenden Kanten eines benachbarten Paneels zusammengefügt werden,
derart, daß die Paneele im Gebrauch mit den Kanten zusammengreifen; um die genaue
Positionierung zu unterstützen.
5. Treppenbelag nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die
beiden Paneeltypen (2A und 2B) Extrudate sind.
6. Treppenbelag nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß Oberflächennuten
(4) vorgesehen sind, die derart profiliert sind, daß sie Schrauben aufnehmen, damit
Formstücke an einer belegten Treppe angebracht werden können.
7. Verfahren zum Belegen einer Treppe, gekennzeichnet durch Belegen der Treppe mit
Belagspaneelen nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche.
8. Verfahren nach Anspruch 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Stützbeine der Belagspaneele
in eine klebende oder betonartige Komponente eingebettet werden, wobei Raum unterhalb
der Belagspaneele freigelassen wird, welcher zur Verlegung von Leitungen benutzt werden
kann.
9. Verfahren nach Anspruch 7 oder 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß ein Paneel vom ersten
Typ (2A) auf jedem Treppenstich und ein Paneel vom ersten Typ (2A) und ein Paneel
vom zweiten Typ (2B) auf jeder Treppentrittfläche angeordnet werden, wobei die Paneele
vom ersten und zweiten Typ derart dimensioniert sind, daß sie auf diese Weise die
Treppe abdecken.
1. Parement d'escalier pour un escalier préformé sans finition, qui comporte un parement
pour les girons et les contremarches de l'escalier, caractérisé en ce que le parement
comporte des panneaux (2) en métal ou matière plastique et qui peuvent s'adapter entre
eux de manière à former complètement le revêtement de surface de l'escalier et comportent
des branches de support (a) servant à soutenir les panneaux sur l'escalier sans finition
préalable.
2. Parement d'escalier selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que les panneaux
de parement possèdent des branches de support (9) formées d'un seul tenant et dont
chacune s'étend en travers de la largeur d'un panneau.
3. Revêtement d'escalier selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que les
panneaux de revêtement comportent un panneau (2A) d'un premier type apte à recouvrir
une contremarche ou une partie plate d'un giron et un panneau (2B) d'un second type
apte à recouvrir la partie nez d'une marche, le parement de contremarche étant constitué
uniquement par des panneaux du premier type, tandis que le parement des girons est
constitué par des panneaux du premier et du second types.
4. Parement d'escalier selon la revendication 1, 2 ou 3, caractérisé en ce que les
deux types de panneaux comportent chacun des bords (10, 11, 12,13) qui sont conformés
de manière à engrener avec le bord opposé d'un panneau adjacent de sorte qu'en cours
d'utilisation les panneaux engrènent l'un avec l'autre bord à bord en facilitant un
positionnement précis.
5. Parement d'escalier selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé
en ce que les deux types de panneaux (2A et 2B) se présentent sous la forme de produits
extrudés.
6. Parement d'escalier selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisé
en ce qu'il comporte également des rainures superficielles (4) profilées de manière
à recevoir des vis permettant la fixation de garnitures devant être fixées à un escalier
muni de son parement.
7. Procédé pour recouvrir un escalier d'un parement, caractérisé en ce qu'on recouvre
l'escalier avec des panneaux de parement tels que revendiqués dans l'une quelconque
des revendications précédentes.
8. Procédé selon la revendication 7, caractérisé en ce qu'on insère les branches de
support des panneaux de parement dans un adhésif ou dans un composé formant enduit
d'aplanissement en laissant subsister au-dessous desdits panneaux de parement un escape
pour la pose de conducteurs électriques.
9. Procédé selon la revendication 7 ou 8, caractérisé en ce qu'on applique un panneau
(2A) d'un premier type sur chaque contremarche de l'escalier et un panneau (2A) du
premier type et un panneau (2B) du second type sur chaque giron de l'escalier, les
panneaux du premier et du second types étant dimensionnés de manière à recouvrir de
cette manière l'escalier.