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(11) | EP 0 122 356 A1 |
| (12) | EUROPEAN PATENT APPLICATION |
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| (54) | Device to carry out doubling-twisting operations and twisted yarn obtained with said device |
| (57) This invention concerns a device to carry out doubling-twisting operations on yarns
and to make it possible to obtain twisted yarns very resistant to the stresses of
tension and also having a very even appearance. The invention also enables these twisted
yarns to be obtained by starting with rovings of short or very short fibres. The doubling and twisting of the yarns with the device are performed with a twisting machine of a kind used substantially for organzine; on this machine the roving is twisted and wound on a core formed by a very thin, strong supporting thread or yarn, which may be, for instance, of a manmade kind. The bobbin or yarn package which holds this supporting thread or yarn is located inside the balloon formed by the roving and may be kept still. The invention also covers the twisted yarn obtained with the device. |
[0001] The invention concerns a device to carry out doubling and twisting operations at the same time. To be more exact, the invention concerns a device suitable for obtaining a twisted yarn which is very resistant to the stresses of tension and also has a regular appearance.
[0002] The invention is also fit for obtaining twisted yarns by starting with rovings of short or very short fibres.
[0003] Devices for obtaining doubled and twisted yarn are known and consist substantially of a bobbin-bearing spindle having an axial hollow within which are made to pass the roving, or thread or yarn, to be twisted and the supporting thread withdrawn from the bobbin. The bobbin serves to feed a supporting thread to the thread to be twisted.
[0004] The roving, or thread, to be twisted usually comes from a pair of rollers and is made to pass through a yarn guide, whereas the doubled yarn reaching the outlet of the hollow spindle is made to pass through a group of rollers and is then wound onto a yarn package or other suitable means.
[0005] So as to prevent downtimes and to obviate too thick twisted yarns, the supporting thread taken from the bobbin has to last as long as possible and be as thin as possible.
[0006] For this reason a bobbin is usually employed which has a supporting thread that comprises in itself the properties of a modest circumferential size and a high mechanical strength.
[0007] Preference is normally given to a supporting thread, or yarn, of a very thin manmade type which will form a minimal percentage of the final count of the twisted yarn produced.
[0008] With the known solution and with the use of a too thin supporting thread the doubled yarn produced has a very variable appearance since the twist is imparted at the end of the hollow spindle. As a result the tract of yarn between the end of the spindle and the pair of upstream rollers is substantially saturated with twists.
[0009] This is not favourable for the final doubled yarn since the saturation of twists produced upstream causes the roving either not to be drawn or to break.
[0010] Moreover, the winding of the supporting thread taken from the bobbin tends, owing to the tension, to produce on the roving a lengthening of the pitch of its own coils without offering any resistance to the drawing.
[0011] Thus the tension tends to be discharged wholly onto the roving, which is comprised in the double yarn without an effective twist, and the resulting doubled yarn is therefore not suitable for undergoing axial tensions unless of a very limited value.
[0012] Therefore, the doubled yarn thus obtained is substantially unsatisfactory and is not fit for the purposes for which it has been made.
[0013] The invention therefore tends to eliminate these drawbacks and to propose a substantially new solution which the present author has studied, tested and embodied.
[0014] According to the invention a bobbin on a substantially hollow spindle bears a supporting thread which is of a manmade or other type but which is substantially and advantageously very strong and thin.
[0015] The supporting thread is made to pass within the hollow spindle and is united with the roving, which enters the hollow spindle below the bobbin after having undergone a controlled balloon.
[0016] With the roving entering below the bobbin and being doubled with the supporting thread taken from the bobbin itself, the supporting thread constitutes the core of the doubled yarn, while the roving is wound onto the supporting thread, thus obtaining a desired consistency in the axial direction as well. This is so because the twist on the roving is generated by the balloon and therefore has a value which decreases from the inlet hole below the bobbin up to the group of powered rollers located upstream from the device.
[0017] By applying suitably a braking action to the feed of the 1 supporting thread as the twist generated by the intermediate yarn guide progresses, it is possible to bring about conditions wholly like those of spinning with the self-acting technique.
[0018] Next, by fixing a suitable value of tension between the upstream pair of powered rollers and the downstream pair of powered rollers, the roving undergoes a drawing under torsion wholly like that obtained during the phase of leaving the carriage with the self-acting technique.
[0019] As is known, the self-acting technique of spinning exploits the phenomenon by which, if a given number of twists is imparted to a roving, said twists are distributed evenly only and if the roving is even; otherwise the twists are concentrated on the thinnest parts and thin out on the thicker parts.
[0020] If the twisted roving is then drawn, it will offer a resistance in its more twisted parts and will be lengthened in its less twisted parts, which are the thicker parts, as we said earlier. The final outcome will lead to a yarn of a better evenness.
[0021] This is the so-called self-acting technique of spinning, and it is well known that this technique can be applied only with very low drawing values and on yarns made of very short fibres where other drawing systems do not ensure enough evenness.
[0022] Thus the invention makes it possible to obtain the many foregoing advantages and others again, amongst which are the following:
- a fabric made with yarn thus obtained has a better handle since the part formed by the fibres stays on the surface whereas the supporting-thread remains inside;
- the dyeing of yarn made in this way is better and is homogeneous in that the supporting thread stays inside and is hidden.
[0023] The invention is therefore embodied with a device to carry out doubling-twisting operations which is suitable for processing rovings or threads or carded yarns having short or very short fibres or fibres of a staple length for wool or cotton and which has in cooperation:
- means to limit the balloon of the roving,
- a bobbin which holds supporting thread and is positioned on a hollow spindle and is situated substantially axially to and within the balloon,
- rotating means with an inlet hole for entry of the roving leaving the balloon into the axle of the hollow spindle, the inlet hole being located below the bobbin.
[0024] Furthermore the invention is embodied with a twisted yarn which is made of rovings or threads or carded yarns having short or very short fibres or fibres of a staple length for wool or cotton and which comprises a core of very thin, strong supporting thread on which the roving is wound and twisted.
[0025] Let us now look at a preferred embodiment of the device itself with the help of the attached figures, which are given as a non-restrictive example and wherein:-
Fig.1 gives a first embodiment of the device;
Fig.2 gives an improved embodiment of the device;
Fig.3 shows a detail of the embodiment of Fig.2.
[0026] In the figures a roving 10 of a type with short or very short fibres, for instance, is fed by feed rollers 11 which rotate in a direction of rotation 15.
[0027] Instead of the roving 10 there could also be a thread or yarn 10 to be twisted; the word "roving" hereinafter covers all the variables.
[0028] The roving 10 passes through a yarn guide 12 before taking up the conformation of a balloon 32.
[0029] This balloon-wise conformation 32 can be controlled by an annular.guide 13 or by other means of a known kind to control the balloon.
[0030] On leaving the balloon 32 the roving 10 goes into an inlet hole 20 located in a hollow spindle 1-4 below a bobbin 16.
[0031] Having gone into the hollow spindle 14, the roving 10 is doubled with a supporting thread 17 taken from the bobbin 16.
[0033] The thread 17 can be, for example, of a manmade type and can thus comprise all the best properties as regards size and strength, but it can also be a blended type of thread or a thread of natural fibres, depending on the doubled and twisted yarn being obtained.
[0034] On arrival near the inlet hole 20 the supporting thread 17 begins cooperating with the roving 10 and is doubled therewith 10, the hollow spindle 14 being upheld by a support 18 and set in rotation according to a direction of rotation 15 by a motor 19.
[0035] A doubled and twisted yarn 23 reaches feed rollers 111 located downstream from the device and goes from the rollers 111 to a roller 22 which feeds it to a yarn package 21 or another means.
[0036] In this way twisted yarns 23 can be obtained by starting with carded yarns having short or very short fibres and by subjecting the rovings 10 to drawing, as in the so-called self-acting technique.
[0037] It is also possible to obtain twisted yarns 23 by using rovings 10 having fibres of a staple length for wool or cotton and coming from a drafting unit upstream from the feed rollers 11 upstream from the device, and to obtain in this way a very even yarn 23.
[0038] This means that it is possible to arrive at and even to surpass the present limits of the ability of the foregoing type of material to be spun without any loss of quality.
[0039] In a variation of the device the same twisted yarn 23 can be obtained without the need to set the bobbin 16 in rotation. This evolutionary embodiment is shown in Fig.2,_wherein a bobbin 16 that serves to feed the supporting thread 17 is sustained on a hollow spindle 14 which stays substantially still and which is upheld by an immovable support 26 that may possibly cooperate with a container 29.
[0040] The immovable support 26 is kept in position by the cooperation of cooperation bodies 28 with magnet means 27, whereby between the magnet means 27 and the cooperation bodies 28 there is an annular chamber 33 through which the balloon 32 can pass freely before going into the hole 20.
[0041] The twisting action is obtained once more by the cooperation of a rotatable element, here a bored rotatable support 114, set in rotation by the motor 19 and sustaining the immovable support 26 owing to bearings 24.
[0042] Thus, while the bored rotatable support 114 is set in rotation in the direction 15, owing to the cooperation of the cooperation bodies 28 with the magnet means 27 the immovable support 26 that bears the hollow spindle 14 stays substantially suspended and still.
[0043] It is possible to envisage brakes acting on the supporting thread 17 so as to improve cooperation between the roving 10 and thread 17 being doubled.
[0044] The brakes can be, for example, of the type shown in Fig.3, wherein the hollow spindle 14 has at its end a conformation shaped so as to cooperate with friction means 31.
[0045] The supporting thread 17 passes between the friction means 31 and the end zone of the hollow spindle 14. The friction exerted by the means 31 on the thread 17 is regulated by an elastic means 30 which advantageously has an adjustable pressure.
[0046] The pressure of the friction means 31 can be graduated, for instance, by acting on a suitable pressure regulating means 25, which cooperates with the elastic deformation that may be accepted by the elastic means 30.
[0047] In the embodiment of Fig.2 the roving 10 follows the same path as in Fig.1, but the supporting thread 17 leaves a bobbin 16 kept substantially still, is braked by friction means 31 when comprised, goes into an immovable hollow spindle 14 and - is doubled near the inlet hole 20 with roving coming in through the inlet hole 20.
[0048] With the device it is possible to obtain a twisted yarn 23 having a core of very thin, strong supporting thread or yarn 17 of a manmade type, for instance, whether multifilament or monofilament, onto which is wound in cylindrical coils and is twisted a yarn 10 of any kind, which obtains consistency under tension owing to the inclusion of this inner core.
[0049] The twisted yarn 23 in question also has good regularity in terms of its formation. The colour of the supporting thread or yarn 17 can be the same as or different from that of the outer yarn.
[0050] Instead of the friction means 31 located in cooperation with the end of the hollow spindle 14, friction means can also be envisaged as cooperating with the inside of the hollow spindle 14 and with means to regulate friction and as being of a piston type or bead-wise or sphere-wise.
INDEX
[0051]
10 - fed roving or thread
11 - upstream feed rollers
111 - downstream feed rollers
12 - yarn guide
13 - annular guide
14 - hollow spindle
114 - bored rotating support
15 - direction of rotation
16 - bobbin
17 - supporting thread
18 - support
19 - motor
20 - inlet hole
21 - yarn package
22 - grooved roller
23 - twisted yarn
24 - bearings
25 - means to regulate pressure
26 - immovable support
27 - magnet means
28 - cooperating bodies
29 - container
30 - spring means
31 - friction means
32 - balloon
33 - annular chamber
1 - Device to carry out doubling-twisting operations which is suitable for processing
rovings (10) or threads or carded yarns having short or very short fibres or fibres
of a staple length for wool or cotton and which has in cooperation:
- means (12-13-20) to limit the balloon (32) of the roving (10),
- a bobbin (16) which holds a supporting thread (17) and is positioned on a hollow spindle (14) within which the supporting thread (17) is made to pass, the bobbin (16) being situated substantially axially to and within 'the balloon (32),
- rotating means with an inlet hole (20) for entry of roving (10) leaving the balloon (32) into the axle of the hollow spindle (14-114), the inlet hole (20) being located below the bobbin (16).
2 - Device to carry out doubling-twisting operations as claimed in Claim 1, which
cooperates with feed rollers positioned upstream (11) and downstream (111).
-3 - Device to carry out doubling-twisting operations as claimed in Claim 1 or 2,
whereby the bobbin (16) can rotate ( Fig .1 ) .
4 - Device to carry out doubling-twisting operations as claimed in Claim 1 or 2, whereby
the bobbin (16) is fixed and does not rotate (Fig.2).
5 - Device to carry out doubling-twisting operations as claimed in Claims 1 and 4,
whereby at least part (114) of the hollow spindle (14) can rotate (Fig.2).
6 - Device to carry out doubling-twisting operations as claimed in any Claim hereinbefore,
whereby friction means (31) are comprised in cooperation with the hollow spindle (14)
so as to control the passage of the supporting thread (17).
7 - Twisted yarn (23) which is made of rovings (10) or threads or carded yarns having
short or very short fibres or fibres of a staple length for wool or cotton and which
comprises a core of very thin, strong supporting thread (17) on which the roving (10)
is wound and twisted.
8 - Twisted yarn (23) which is made of rovings (10) or threads or carded yarns having
short or very short fibres or fibres of a staple length for wool or cotton, as claimed
in Claim 7, and which is made with the device as claimed in Claims 1 to 6 inclusive.