Improved atomizer for gas-oil burners

Abstract

 Improved atomizer for gas-oil burners, characterized thereby that it mainly consists of an atomizer body (2) wherein, with its top angle ending into the atomizer opening (3), a conical cavity (6) is provided and wherein in this body (2) a freely rotatable revolving head (10) is provided which is driven by the gas-oil, the conical end (17) of the revolving head (10) being held at a very small distance from said cavity (6) so as to form a conical gap through which the gas-oil has to pass before it can reach the atomizer opening (3).

Description

[0001] This invention relates to an improved atomizer for gas-oil burners, especially those gas-oil burners used in heating installations.

[0002] More especially the present invention relates to such an atomizer whereby a considerably better spraying of the gas-oil is obtained, so that a better combustion and as a consequence thereof a better thermal efficiency of the heating installation is achieved.

[0003] As a matter of fact, the atomizer according to the present invention is conceived in such a way, that the gas-oil as a result of its rotation in the atomizer leaves the latter in an extremely finely divided state, then is mixed with combustion air and as it were is divided a second time.

[0004] As a result of this double division or atomization of the fuel, a practically optimal fuel-air mixture is obtained, whereby a practically complete combustion can take place resulting in a considerable increase of the burner efficiency or the boiler, especially the heating installation concerned.

[0005] So, in other words, for a determined amount of fuel, more thermal units are obtained than with heating installations using burners with traditional atomizers.

[0006] The improved atomizer according to the present invention showing the above-named and still other advantages, mainly consists of an atomizer body wherein, with its top angle ending into the atomizer opening, a conical cavity is provided and wherein in this body a freely rotatable revolving head is provided which is driven by the gas-oil, the conical end of the revolving head being held at a very small distance from said cavity so as to form a conical gap through which the gas-oil has to pass before reaching the atomizer opening.

[0007] In order to better demonstrate the characteristics of the present invention, a preferred embodiment of an atomizer of the present invention will be described hereinafter as an example without limiting the scope of the invention. Reference is made to the accompanying drawings wherein :

figure 1 represents a longitudinal section of the improved atomizer;

figures 2 and 3 represent sections according to the lines II-II and III-III in figure I; and

figure 4 represents a section according to line IV-IV in figure 3.

[0008] In said figures an atomizer 1 according to the present invention is represented, mainly consisting of a body 2 being provided at its front part of a calibrated atomizer opening 3 and at its back of a male screw-thread part 4 by means of which the atomizer can be screwed in a burner and of a female screw-thread part 5 with which - as will appear below - determined parts of the atomizer can co-operate.

[0009] At the inside the atomizer 2 in its front shows a conical cavity 6 the top angle of which ends into the atomizer opening 3 and wherein said conical cavity via a stop 7 blends into a cylindrical part 8 constituting the extension of said female screw-thread 5. According to the present invention are consecutively mounted in the atomizer body 3; a spacer ring 9 bearing on the stop 7; a so-called revolving head 10 which is fixed in position in the inner ring 11 of a ball bearing 12, the outer ring 13 of which is properly fitting in the bore 8 of the body 2; an adapter 14 taking care for determining the right direction of the gas-oil flowing through; and finally a hold-down piece 15 with central passage 16 that co-operates externally with said screw-thread 5 and serves to press the adapter 14 against the outer ring 13 of the ball bearing which itself presses against the spacer ring 9, everything such that the spacer ring 9, the outer ring 13 of ball bearing 12 and the adapter 14 in all circumstances remain immobile with respect to the atomizer body 2 at the one hand, and the conically shaped front end 17 of the revolving head remains at an appropriate very small distance from said conical cavity 6 of the body 2.

[0010] Preferably the top angle of the conical cavity 6 and of the end 17 is about 115°.

[0011] Behind the hold-down piece 15 a fuel filter 18 can be connected to the atomizer 1 in any way.

[0012] The revolving head 10, which is fixed in position in the inner ring 11 of ball bearing 12, is executed in such a way that also through the intermediary of spacer ring 9, the conical end remains at a very small distance from this conical cavity 6, wherein preferably in the flattened free end of revolving head 10 a conical cavity 19 is provided, whereas in the conical surface 17 one or more - in this case four - small notches 20-21-22 and 23 are provided.

[0013] At the one hand a chamber 24 is provided in the adapter 14, the diameter of which chamber is greater than the outer diameter of the inner ring 11 of ball bearing 12, whereas in the other end a cavity is provided - in this case a conical cavity 25 - and wherein the chamber 24 and the cavity or chamber 25 are connected to each other by a bore 26, which is provided at the side and is inclined in the adapter 14.

[0014] In a variation of this embodiment a plurality of bores 26 could be provided.

[0015] The working principle of the improved atomizer according to the invention is as follows.

[0016] The gas-oil is brought through the fuel filter 18 in the atomizer 1 wherein it passes through the bore 16 in the hold-down piece 15 and then arrives in chamber 25, passes through the bore 26 and arrives in chamber 24 of the adapter 14, which results therein that the gas-oil arrives between the rings 11 and 13 of ball bearing 12 and then, via the space formed by the spacer ring 9 and the revolving head 10, arrives in the conical gap formed between the surface 17 of the revolving head 10 and the cavity 6 of the atomizer body 2, and finally leaves the atomizer through the opening 3.

[0017] During the passage of the gas-oil under pressure through the atomizer 1 the obtained effect is that by the inclined disposition of the passage or passages 26, the oil impringes obliquely on the balls of ball bearing 12, whereby the ball cage 27 of ball bearing 12 obtains a rotating movement resulting therein that the loose inner ring 11 will also rotate with the ball cage 27 and thus sets the revolving head 10 in motion with respect to the body 2.

[0018] By the relatively great force with which the gas-oil thus drives the revolving head 10, the latter obtains a relatively great rotational speed so that the oil being moved between the revolving head and the atomizer body 2, in the conical gap is carried along by the revolving head 10 and so is brought in rotation, which rotation is amplified by the presence of one or more small grooves 20 to 23, this rotation taking care that the gas-oil is ejected in very finely divided state through the opening 3 from the atomizer body 2.

[0019] By the presence of the conical cavity 19 in the head of revolving head 10, an additional turbulence of the gas-oil is obtained before opening 3, whereby the atomization in still finer droplets is promoted.

[0020] At the moment that the thus very finely divided fuel droplets leave the atomizer 1, they are mixed with the combustion air in the usual way whereby a second atomization of the fuel is obtained. It is clear that an optimal mixture of fuel and air is achieved, in this way, whereby a practically complete combustion of the fuel takes place resulting in a considerable increase of the efficiency of the burner or boiler concerned, more especially of the heating installation.

[0021] In other words one can say that by using a burner according to the present invention, more thermal units are obtained with a same amount of fuel.

[0022] The present invention by no means is limited to the described example represented in the accompanying drawings, as such a burner can be realized in any shape or dimensions without departing from the scope of the invention.

Claims

1.- Improved atomizer for gas-oil burners, characterized thereby that it mainly consists of an atomizer body (2) wherein, with its top angle ending into the atomizer opening (3), a conical cavity (6) is provided and wherein in this body (2) a freely rotatable revolving head (10) is provided which is driven by the gas-oil, the conical end (17) of the revolving head (10) being held at a very small distance from said cavity (6) so as to form a conical gap through which the gas-oil has to pass before it can reach the atomizer opening (3).

2.- Improved atomizer according to claim 1, characterized thereby that the revolving head (10) is fixed in the inner ring (11) of a ball bearing (12), the outer ring (13) of which bears on a stop (7).

3.- Improved atomizer according to claim 2, characterized thereby that a spacer ring (9) is provided between the outer ring (13) and the stop (7).

4.- Improved atomizer according to any of the foregoing claims, characterized thereby that the top angle of the conical end (17) of the revolving head (10) has been flattened.

5.- Improved atomizer according to claim 4, characterized thereby that a conical cavity (19) has been provided in said flattened part.

6.- Improved atomizer according to any of the foregoing claims, characterized thereby that one or more radial grooves (20 to 23) have been provided in said conical end (17).

7.- Improved atomizer according to any of the foregoing claims, characterized thereby that in the free end of the atomizer body (2) a hold-down piece (15) with central opening has been provided which presses against an adapter (14), which in its turn presses against the outer ring (13) of the ball bearing (12).

8.- Improved atomizer according to claim 7, characterized thereby that said adapter (14) at each end has a chamber (24-25) being connected to each other by means of at least one oblique passage (26).

9.- Improved atomizer according to claim 8, characterized thereby that chamber (24) is larger than the outer diameter of the inner ring (11) of ball bearing (12), whereas chamber (25) is larger than the central bore (16) in the hold-down piece (15).

10.- Improved atomizer according to claim 8, characterized thereby that the passage (26) has been provided eccentrically and at the side of ball bearing (12) ends between the inner ring (11) and the outer ring (13) of it.

Drawing